涿州市高考英語閱讀理解、短文改錯系列訓(xùn)練（9）及答案

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精涿州市2014高考英語閱讀理解、短文改錯系列訓(xùn)練（9）及答案(第篇)Iamawriter.Ispendagreatdealofmytimethinkingaboutthepoweroflanguage—thewayitcanevoke(喚起）anemotion,avisualimage，acomplexidea,orasimpletruth.Language_is_the_tool_of_my_trade.AndIusethemall—alltheEnglishesIgrewupwith。BornintoaChinesefamilythathadrecentlyarrivedinCalifornia,I’vebeengivingmorethoughttothekindofEnglishmymotherspeaks。Likeothers,Ihavedescribedittopeopleas“broken”English。ButIfeelembarrassedtosaythat.IthasalwaysbotheredmethatIcanthinkofnowaytodescribeitotherthan“broken”，asifitweredamagedandneededtobefixed，asifitlackedacertainwholeness.I'veheardothertermsused，“l(fā)imitedEnglish",forexample。Buttheyseemjustasbad,asifeverythingislimited,includingpeople’sperceptions(認(rèn)識)ofthelimitedEnglishspeaker.Iknowthisforafact，becausewhenIwasgrowingup，mymother’s“l(fā)imited”Englishlimitedmyperceptionofher。IwasashamedofherEnglish。IbelievedthatherEnglishreflectedthequalityofwhatshehadtosay。Thatis,becausesheexpressedthemimperfectlyherthoughtswereimperfect.AndIhadplentyofevidencetosupportme:thefactthatpeopleindepartmentstores，atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously，didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.Istartedwritingfictionin1985.AndforreasonsIwon’tgetintotoday,IbegantowritestoriesusingalltheEnglishesIgrewupwith:theEnglishsheusedwithme，whichforlackofabettertermmightbedescribedas“broken”；andwhatIimaginetobehertranslationofherChinese，herinternal（內(nèi)在的)language，andforthatIsoughttopreservetheessence,butneitheranEnglishnoraChinesestructure.Iwantedtocatchwhatlanguageabilitytestscannevershow:herintention,herfeelings，therhythmsofherspeechandthenatureofherthoughts.[語篇解讀］本文主要記敘了作者在不同時期對母親所使用的語言的不同看法。1．Bysaying“Languageisthetoolofmytrade”，theauthormeansthat________。A.sheusesEnglishinforeigntradeB.sheisfascinatedbylanguagesC.sheworksasatranslatorD。sheisawriterbyprofession[解析]推理判斷題。此句中thetoolofmytrade中的trade指的是職業(yè)。由本文第一句可知“我”是一名作家；此句又說語言是“我"的職業(yè)工具,故此句指的自然是“我”的職業(yè)為作家。[答案]D2．Theauthorusedtothinkofhermother’sEnglishas________。A。impolite B.amusingC.imperfect D。practical［解析]推理判斷題。由文中倒數(shù)第二段中“。。。becausesheexpressedthemimperfectly,herthoughtswereimperfect”一句可知選C，作者一度以為自己媽媽所說的英語是不完美的。［答案］C3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?A.AmericansdonotunderstandbrokenEnglish。B。Theauthor’smotherwasnotrespectedsometimes。C。Theauthor’smotherhadpositiveinfluenceonher.D。BrokenEnglishalwaysreflectsimperfectthoughts。[解析］細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話可知選B。此題易誤選D。其實，此句只是“我”小時候?qū)寢尩囊环N誤解,由最后一段可知這種誤解已經(jīng)消除了,因此D項的說法是不對的。［答案]B4．Theauthorgraduallyrealizeshermother’sEnglishis________。A。wellstructured B。intheoldstyleC.easytotranslate D.richinmeaning［解析］推理判斷題。由最后一段可知，我寫小說時開始運用她與我說話時所用的英語.我盡力地保留她語言的精髓，但未運用她所使用的英語或漢語的結(jié)構(gòu)。我想領(lǐng)悟語言能力測試中所不能反映但我媽媽語言中所包含的意思。故選D。[答案］D5．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A。Thechangeoftheauthor'sattitudetohermother'sEnglish.B.Thelimitationoftheauthor’sperceptionofhermother.C.Theauthor'smisunderstandingof“l(fā)imited”English.D。Theauthor’sexperiencesofusingbrokenEnglish。[解析]主旨大意題。本文以時間為線索,講述了作者對媽媽所使用的語言的不同態(tài)度，故選A。[答案］A＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊**＊＊＊＊＊*****＊**＊*＊＊*＊***＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊＊*＊***＊＊***＊＊結(jié)束Parents，ourfirstteachers，playahighlysignificantroleinourlives．However,doesn’titseemthatmanyofuscometohaveconflictswiththemwhenwestarthighschool?We'relesslikelytolistentothemandtaketheirsuggestions—-—weevenrebelagainstthem。Why？Itmaybetheso—called“generationgap”.Agenerationgapappearswhenwebegintofeelourparentsareignoringus，don’tunderstandus,andwefeelwecannolongershareourfeelingswiththem.Thekeyreasonisourdesireforindependence.Inseniorhighschool,westarttowanttotakeresponsibilityforourownlivesandmakeourowndecisions.Butparentsresistthis.Theystillwanttocontrolusandtrytoforceustodothingstheythinkweshoulddo.Debateanddiscussionoftencometonothing。Gradually,wetalkwiththemless，andkeepourfeelingslockedupinside.ZhangXiaoyun,16，ofNingbo，Zhejiang，hastalkedlessandlesswithhermothersinceshestartedseniorhighschool.“Shebelievesstudiesshouldbemypriority,notmyinnerworld,”Zhangsaid?！癊achday，sheasksmethesameoldquestionslike,‘Howwasyourlastexam?’or‘Haveyoumadeanyprogressinphysics？'”ToZhang，thesequestionsareannoyingandsoshealwaystriestoignorethemandanswersThegenerationgapcanbeharmful。Becauseofthelackofcommunication，ourparentsnolongerknowwhatwearethinkingabout。Therearequarrels,evenovertrivialthings.Whenthathappens，wemaynotbeabletoconcentrateonourstudies。Someofusevenbecomeafraidtogohomeafterschool-——averyserioussituationforthewholefamily。6。Whichofthefollowingisnotincludedinthepassage？ A。Thecausesofgenerationgap.B.Theeffectsofgenerationgap. C.Oneexampleofgenerationgap.D。Waysofnarrowinggenerationgap.7.Whichofthefollowingisonereasonforthegenerationgapaccordingtothepassage? A.Modernsocietychangingveryfast。 B。Parentshavingunrealistichopesoftheirchildren. C.Parentsandkidsnotunderstandingandrespectingeachother。 D.Youngpeoplelikingtoescapefromthecontroloftheirparents.8。Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“perfunctorily”? A。attentivelyB.indifferently(冷淡地） C。flatteringly（奉承地）D.seriously9.Intheviewoftheauthor,________. A.parentsshouldallowtheirchildrenmorefreedom B。parentsandchildrenshouldnotstaytogether C。theyoungergenerationshouldvaluetheoldergeneration D。academicrecordsaremoreimportantthanone’sinnerworld參考答案DCBA*＊*＊******＊＊*＊＊＊*＊**＊＊＊**＊＊＊**＊*＊***＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊*＊＊**＊＊＊＊＊**結(jié)束【命題趨向】短文改錯是一項主要測試考生的判斷能力,觀察能力、糾錯能力語言基礎(chǔ)知識及語言的綜合運用能力。短文改錯的趨勢：1。改錯短文以記敘文和說明文為主。2.文章內(nèi)容貼近學(xué)生生活，沒有生僻詞匯和復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu),文章簡單易懂，錯誤設(shè)置也很簡單，多為學(xué)生平常作文中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤。3。短文一般100詞左右，錯誤有9處。4.常見錯有三種:錯詞、多詞、缺詞。錯詞占60%左右【錯誤類型】1.錯詞2。多詞3.缺詞4.正錯【考點透視】一．錯詞的熱點動詞—時態(tài)語態(tài)非謂語；主謂關(guān)系。聯(lián)系詞—關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞；連詞；連接詞。名詞-可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名字的單復(fù)數(shù)變化.介詞—介詞和動詞的搭配錯誤.形容詞/副詞—詞類錯用。冠詞-定冠詞和不定冠詞的錯用.代詞—人稱代詞；物主代詞；反身代詞。慣用法-固定句型，固定短語.二．多詞和缺詞熱點1。冠詞2.介詞3.副詞4。代詞5.關(guān)聯(lián)詞6.小品詞to【短文改錯主要特點】1。語言材料取自于學(xué)生的習(xí)作。2.短文為貼近學(xué)生生活的話題或?qū)W生身邊事。3.短文難度符合學(xué)生水平.4.語言簡單易懂。5.沒有生僻的語言現(xiàn)象或繁難的語句結(jié)構(gòu).*＊＊****＊**＊****＊*****＊**＊＊***＊*****＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊＊＊****＊*＊*＊**＊＊結(jié)束鏈接2。（2012四川卷）Onahill600feetabovethesurroundingland,wewatchthelinesofrainmoveacrossthescene,themoonriseoverthehills,andthestarsappearinthesky.Theviewsinvitealonglookfromacomfortablechairinfrontofthewoodenhouse。Everywindowinourwoodenhousehasaview,andtheforestandlakesseldomlookthesameasthehourbefore.Eachlookremindsuswhereweare.Thereisspaceforourthreeboystoplayoutside,toshootarrows，collecttreeseeds,buildearthhousesandclimbtrees.Ourkidshavelearnedthenamesofthetrees,andwiththenameshavecomefamiliarityandappreciation.Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterest,maple（楓葉)makesthebestfightingsticksandwhitepinesarethebestclimbingtrees.Theairiscleanandfresh。Thewaterfromthewellhasapleasanttaste，anditisperhapsthehealthiestwaterourkidswilleverdrink。Thoughtheyhaveoneglassadayofjuiceandtherestiswater,theyneversayanythingagainstthat。Theseasonschangejustoutsidethedoor。Wewatchthemaplesturneveryshadeofyellowandredinthefallandnotethepoplars’(楊樹） puttingoutthefirstgreenleavesofspring.Therainbowsmellfillsthelocalstreamastheicegraduallydisappears，andthewoodfrogsstarttosinginpoolsafterbeingfrozenforthewinter。Afamilyofbirdsrulesourskiesand（liesoverthelake.41。 WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2？A。 Thescenesarecolorfulandchangeable.B. Therearemanywindowsinthewoodenhouse.C。 Theviewsremindusthatweareinawoodenhouse.D。 Thelakesoutsidethewindowsarequitedifferentincolor.42. Bymentioningthenamesofthetrees，theauthoraimstoshowthat_____.A. thekidslikeplayingintreesB. thekidsareveryfamiliarwithtreesC。 thekidshavelearnedmuchknowledgeD。 thekidsfindtreesusefullearningtools43。 Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean？A. Thechangeofseasonsiseasilyfelt.B。 Theseasonsmakethesceneschange.C。 Theweatheroftenchangesintheforest。D。 Thedoorisagoodpositiontoenjoychangingseasons.44。 Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?A. Todescribethebeautyofthescenearoundthehouse。B. Tointroduceherchildren’shappylifeintheforest。C。 Toshowthatlivingintheforestishealthful。D。 Tosharethejoyoflivinginthenature.【考點】日常生活類—散文【文章大意】想象一下，住在四面環(huán)山，清水宜人，綠樹包圍，鳥兒鳴叫的清幽、自然的環(huán)境里是多么讓人神清氣爽的一件事呀！作者就帶我們?nèi)ハ硎芰艘幌逻@樣的世外桃源.41?！敬鸢浮緼【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句后半句:andtheforestandlakesseldomlookthesameasthehourbefore?？芍鸢窤符合文意。42?！敬鸢浮緾【試題解析】目的意圖。根據(jù)第四段的第二句：Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterest，可以推斷出，作者提到這么多樹木的名字，說明了孩子們學(xué)到了很多。故答案C符合文意。＊＊****＊＊*＊*＊****＊**＊**＊****＊＊****＊＊**＊＊＊***＊＊＊＊**＊＊*＊＊*＊*＊結(jié)束（2011·重慶卷)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1份,滿分10分）以下標(biāo)有題號的每一行均有一個錯誤,請找出,并按下列情況改正：此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉.此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。此行錯一個詞:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。注意：請在答題卡上作答。TodayisSunday.I′vebeeninCanadafortwomonths.ThisisthefirsttimethatI′vebeenawaymyfamilyforsucha76.longtime.WiththehelpofKatia,aroommateofme，I′ve77.soongotusedtolivewithoutmyparentsaround。Katia，like78。manyotherRussiangirls,areniceandlively。Webecame79。friendsshortlyafterwemeeteachother。AlthoughherEnglish80。isalittlehardlytounderstand，weenjoychattingandwe81。usuallytalkalotaboutourownfamily.We’rebothsurprised82。thatChinesecultureorRussianculturearesodifferent。Now,83.weareplanningasmallpar