Unit+1+Honesty+and+responsibility+詞匯講解 高中英語譯林版（2020）選擇性必修第四冊

選擇性必修四第一單元詞匯講解（一）1.barelyadv.2.appointmentn.3.teardown4.keenadj.5.makeone’sfortune6.losecontact7.reliableadj.

8.worthwhileadj.9.suspectn&v.10.arrestn.&vt.11.anyhowadv.12.innocentadj&n.13.burdenn&vt.Keywords&phrases1.barelyadv.僅僅，勉強可能；幾乎不，幾乎沒有；剛好，不超過；剛才，剛剛【即學(xué)即練】一詞多義1)The

music

was

barely

audible.___________2)There

was

barely

any

smell.__________3)They

arrived

barely

a

minute

later.___________4)I

had

barely

started

speaking

when

heinterrupted

me._________勉強幾乎沒有不超過剛剛你能總結(jié)“一...就...”的表達(dá)方式嗎？同義詞:merely;simply（僅僅）hardly;scarcely（幾乎不）詞性：●bareadj.赤裸的；光禿禿的；基本的；勉強的v.使裸露barely...when...剛...就/一...就●on/upon＋名詞/動名詞●at+the+名詞(sight/thought/mention...)of...(一看到／想到／提到…就…)●assoonas●themoment/minute/second/instant●instantly/immediately/directly

●nosooner....than....●hardly/scarcely/rarely/barely....when....主句從句過去完成時(haddone)一般過去時(did)一....就連詞介詞

Icalledherassoonas/themoment/immediatelyIarrivedattheairport.

I

had

barely

started

speaking

when

heinterrupted

me.

Barely

hadIstarted

speaking

when

heinterrupted

me.主句構(gòu)成部分倒裝had+主語＋doneUpon/On(myarrival)arrivingattheairport,Icalledher.Atthesightofthesnake,hecouldn’thelpcrying.同義詞：date;engagement（約會）

詞性:●appoint.vt.任命,委派（工作，角色）;約定（時間，地點）●appointed

adj.約定的，指定的

【拓展】make/haveanappointment約會，預(yù)約make/haveanappointmentwith與某人約會byappointment按照約定appointsb+as/tobe

....任命某人擔(dān)任...

to任命某人到...任職todosth委派某人做某事attheappointedtime/place在約定時間/地點

2.appointmentn.約會，約定；任命，委任；職務(wù)【即學(xué)即練】1.I

have

an

appointment

Dr.

Smith,

but

I

need

to

change

it.2.At

this

time,

the

judge

will

appoint

a

court

lawyer

(defend)

the

suspect

if

he

can’t

afford

one.

3.He

holds

an

(appoint)

in

the

English

Department

at

present.

4.He

wasappointed

captain

ofthebasketballteam.5.Whoshallweappoint

thechairmanshipoftheclub？6.Everythinghadits

(appoint)placeand

time.withtodefendappointmentasappointedto3.teardown拆毀，拆除

(tore;torn)【即學(xué)即練】tearup/tearoneselfawayfrom/tearapart/teardown/tearat1)Themusictookmethroughthetwistsandturnsofaclassicstoryaboutayoungcouple________________bytheirfamilies.2)Theyplanto_____________theoldbuildingtomakewayforanewmuseum.3)She_________________

all

the

letters

he

had

senther.4)He

_________________

the

meat

with

his

bare

hands.5)Dinner's

ready,

if

you

can

_____________________

the

TV.【拓展】tearapart使(關(guān)系密切的人)分離,分開tearsbapart使不快;使擔(dān)心tearsth.apart撕毀;撕碎tearatsth.撕裂;扯開;撕破

tearoneself/sth.

awayfromsth.依

依不舍地離開;忍痛離去;把…拿走tearsth.up撕毀，撕碎（文件)等intears流著淚tornapartteardowntore

uptore

attear

yourselfaway

fromv+down短語小結(jié)beatdownweardown

4.keenadj.靈敏的,敏銳的(=sharp);渴望,熱切,熱衷于(=eager);著迷的,有強烈興趣的；激烈的

【拓展】

haveakeeneyefor對...有敏銳的眼力

bekeentodosth渴望做某事bekeen(that...)渴望…bekeenon(doing)sth渴望;熱切;熱衷;對...有強烈興趣

【即學(xué)即練】1)Dogshave__________________(敏銳的嗅覺).2)My

friend

_________________(對...有敏銳的眼力)

a

bargain.3)Wewonthecontestinthefaceof________________(激烈的競爭).4)Hetoldmethathe_______________(很想幫忙).5)_________________________________________(得知你對中國文化很感興趣),Iamwritingtoinviteyoutojoininit.(寫作句式)akeensportsman熱衷運動的人akeensenseoftradition強烈的傳統(tǒng)意識a

keen

mind/intellect敏捷的思考/頭腦akeensenseofsmellhasakeeneyeforwaskeentohelpkeencompetitionKnowingthatyouarekeenonChineseculture5.makeone’sfortune發(fā)財fortune

n.財富,運氣---

adj.幸運的----

adv.幸運地---

adj.不幸的---

adv.不幸地---n.不幸;厄運;不幸的事故fortunatefortunatelyunfortunateunfortunatelymisfortunemakeforsth向…移動;促成makesb/sthout看清;辨清makeup組成;編造;彌補;化妝makeupforsth彌補;補償makeuseof利用makeadifference有作用，有影響makesense有道理,有意義,講得通makethemostof充分利用makeit成功;準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)makeone’swayto前往makeone’sliving謀生makeone’sday使某人開心......有關(guān)make的短語：【拓展】makeafortune發(fā)財,賺大錢

tryone’sfortune碰運氣seekone’sfortune外出找出路

tellyourfortune算命【即學(xué)即練】①Thepossibilitiesareendless,andIhaveconfidence

inyourability__________________toyourfamily,toyourcommunityandto

ourcountry.②Tofullyrealizeyourpotential,itisimportantforyou__________________our

schoolresources.③Remembertodrinkthroughoutexercise_____________waterlosttosweat.④_______________themainhallandadmirethe8.8-metre-highstatueoftheBuddha.⑤WhenIcalled

her,shesaidshemightnotbeable____________tothecinema.⑥ThenextmorningIwastoleaveNewYorkandtraveltotheWest_________________

.makeit

makeupfor

makethemostof

makeone’sfortune

makeone’swayto

makeadifference

Makeyourwayto

tomakemyfortunetomakeupfortomakethemostoftomakeadifferencetomakeit

6.losecontact失去聯(lián)系

【即學(xué)即練】1)Shehas

_______________

(與...失去聯(lián)系)her

son.2)I

finally

_________________(與...取得聯(lián)系)her

in

Paris.3)He’d

prefer

a

job

where

he

doesn't

haveto

be

____________________(與...直接接觸)

the

public.【拓展】incontactwith接觸;與...有聯(lián)系comeintocontactwith接觸到;聯(lián)系;開始做某事makecontactwith接觸到;接通keepincontactwith與...保持聯(lián)系losetouch失去聯(lián)系losetouchwith與...失去聯(lián)系lost

contact

withmade

contact

withindirectcontactwith7.reliableadj.可依賴的，可依靠的；真實可信的，可靠的(=dependable)

【拓展】relyon=dependon=counton依賴,依靠;信任,信賴relyonsb./sth,todosth.依靠/信賴某人/某物做某事relyonsb./sth.forsth.依靠某人/某物獲得某物relyonitthat...=dependonitthat...相信,指望...berelianton/upon依靠，依賴【反】unreliableadj.不可靠的；靠不住的詞性：reliablyadv.可靠地;確實地reliabilityn.可靠性reliantadj.依賴性的;依靠的(=dependent)relyv.相信,依賴;依靠,依賴

reliancen.依靠,信任【即學(xué)即練】1)High-speedtrainsare_________(rely),cheapandbestforlong-distancetravel.2)You

shouldn’t

always

rely

just

the

Internet

for

your

research.

3)Youcanrelyon______thatTomwillacceptthetreatment.4)Thehostel(收容所)isheavily________(rely)uponcharity.5)Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputers___________(organize)ourwork.reliableonitrelianttoorganize【拓展】Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth

做某事是值得的詞性：worthadj.價值…的;值得的,具有…價值的n.價格,價值;重要性,作用;能用的東西beworth(doing)sth.

值得做某事worthyadj.值得的,應(yīng)得的;好的beworthyofbeingdone

值得做某事beworthytobedone

【即學(xué)即練】1.（一句多譯）這項提議是值得考慮的。________________________2.Idon’tthink_______worthwhiletoaskhimtojointheclubbecausehe’llonlyrefuse.3.Thedelicatedesignofthecarsmadeitworthwhileforbuyers_________(buy)thematahigherprice.beingconsidered.Itisworthwhiletoconsider

theproposal.considering

theproposal.Theproposalisworthyofconsideration.tobeconsidered.consideration.considering.Theproposalisworthtobuyit8.worthwhileadj.值得花時間的，重要的，令人愉快的9.suspectv.疑有，覺得n.嫌疑犯，可疑對象（復(fù)數(shù)：suspects）“vt+sb+ofsth”結(jié)構(gòu)warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某事curesb.ofsth.治愈某人的某種疾病informsb.ofsth.告知某人某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事remindsb.ofsth.使某人回想起某事ridsbofsth使某人擺脫某事......詞性：suspectedadj.有嫌疑的suspectableadj.值得懷疑的suspicionn.懷疑suspiciousadj.感覺可疑的;懷疑的;多疑的

【拓展】suspect...as...懷疑······為····suspectsb(ofsth/ofdoingsth)懷疑（某人有罪）【即學(xué)即練】1)_____________(suspect)nothing,hewalkedrightintothetrap.2)WhatIsuspectedwas______________hewasarealpoliceman.3)Heresignedafter_________________(suspect)oftheft.4)Thedrugissuspected_______causingover200deaths.5)Theybecame______________(suspect)of/abouthisbehaviorandcontactedthepolice.Suspectingwhetherbeingsuspectedofsuspicious【即學(xué)即練】1)My

brother

was

arrested

drunk

driving.2)It

is

reported

that

the

driver

of

the

truck,

considered

to

be

fully

responsible

for

the

accident,

has

been

(被逮捕).3)It

was

when

the

specialist

discussed

with

the

panel

that

the

initiative

(引起他的注意).【拓展】under

arrest

被逮捕underhousearrest在軟禁中arrest

sb.

for

sth.因某事逮捕某人arrest

one’s

attention吸引某人的注意力(=attract/draw/catchone’sattention)forunderarrestarrestedhisattention10.arrestn.&vt.逮捕，拘捕

；吸引（注意力）11.anyhowadv.不過，總之

（=anyway）；盡管；而且；隨便地

【即學(xué)即練】1)Iwasn’tqualifiedtoapplyforthejobreallybutIgotit_______.2)Thepriceis_________higherthanIexpected.3)However,afterIwenttohighschool,_________Ibecamedistantfromhim.somewhatsomehowanyhow【拓展】

somehowadv.不知怎的somewhatadv.有點，稍微

(tosomedegree)不知怎么的，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器誤裝了比水更容易揮發(fā)的東西。4.（選擇）Whentwelve-year-oldJohnWilsonwalkedintohischemistryclassonarainydayin1931,hehadnowayofknowingthathislifewastochangecompletely.Theclassexperimentthatdaywastoshowhowheatingacontainerofwaterwouldbringairbubbling(冒泡)tothesurface._________,thecontainertheteachergaveWilsontoheatmistakenlyheldsomethingmorevolatile(易揮發(fā)的)thanwater.WhenWilsonheatedit,thecontainerexploded,leavingWilsonblindedinbotheyes.A.AnywayB.SomehowC.AnyhowD.Somewhat12.innocentadj.無辜的,清白的,無罪的;天真無邪的,純真的

n.無辜者,單純的人【即學(xué)即練】1)Thecourtfoundhim________(innocence)andhewasreleased.2)Hewassurethatthemanwasinnocent______anycrimeandhewasnotacriminalatall.3)Iaskedifshewasmarriedinall____________（innocent）.innocentofinnocenceadj(-ent)frequentefficientconsistentsufficient...adj(-ent)confidentindependentconvenientpermanentcompetent...n(-ence)confidenceindependenceconveniencepermanencecompetence...n(-cy)frequencyefficiencyconsistencysufficiency...【拓展】beinnocentofsth無辜的；清白的；無罪的aninnocentyoungchild天真無邪的小孩子inallinnocence完全沒有惡意

詞性：innocentlyadv.純潔地；無罪地

innocencen.天真，單純；清白，無罪13.burdenn.(責(zé)任、義務(wù)等的)重?fù)?dān)，負(fù)擔(dān)vt.(使)擔(dān)負(fù)【拓展】aburdenon/to...是...的負(fù)擔(dān)tobear/carry/ease/reduce/sharetheburden承受/擔(dān)負(fù)/減輕/減少/分擔(dān)重?fù)?dān)burd