技巧02 如何構(gòu)思情節(jié)-高一英語(yǔ)讀后續(xù)寫基礎(chǔ)技巧與整體演練

高一英語(yǔ)讀后續(xù)寫基礎(chǔ)技巧與整體演練技巧02如何構(gòu)思情節(jié)情節(jié)是敘事性文本的構(gòu)成要素之一，由一系列相互關(guān)聯(lián)的事件構(gòu)成，是敘事性文本中最為典型、最為生動(dòng)的內(nèi)容。解讀敘事性文本，不僅應(yīng)抓住情節(jié)的起因、發(fā)展、高潮、結(jié)局，更應(yīng)抓住情節(jié)的內(nèi)在沖突、矛盾等。一方面，高考續(xù)寫內(nèi)容主要集中在情節(jié)的高潮和結(jié)局部分。此部分反映個(gè)體經(jīng)驗(yàn)及思想上的困惑與沖突、危機(jī)的出現(xiàn)或轉(zhuǎn)折、矛盾沖突以某種方式得到解決及事件的最終結(jié)局。因而，合理的續(xù)寫情節(jié)應(yīng)包括矛盾沖突、危機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)折、問(wèn)題解決和最終結(jié)局。另一方面，高考讀后續(xù)寫不是獨(dú)立存在的，它是已有敘事情節(jié)的延續(xù)，這就要求學(xué)生在主題、情感、人物和事件等方面與已有情節(jié)保持一致。讀后續(xù)寫中，學(xué)生可以利用如下步驟進(jìn)行故事的情節(jié)分析及設(shè)置：1.研讀續(xù)寫源語(yǔ)篇，確定故事話題與主題讀后續(xù)寫，首先在于“讀”?！白x”的一個(gè)重要意圖在于確定材料的主題。主題也稱之為“中心思想”，是語(yǔ)篇的靈魂。因此，續(xù)寫情節(jié)應(yīng)緊緊圍繞主題這個(gè)核心，突顯主題的現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值和情感意義。主題的確定有兩條途徑：一是提煉，二是感悟。認(rèn)識(shí)事物是由淺入深、由表及里的過(guò)程。我們要對(duì)已有材料進(jìn)行分析、歸納、篩選，并從不同的角度進(jìn)行比較鑒別，去粗取精，由感性到理性，這樣才能提煉出事物的本質(zhì)和深刻的主題。感悟來(lái)自苦思而產(chǎn)生的靈感?？嗨嫉倪^(guò)程就是對(duì)材料信息進(jìn)行去偽存真、由表及里的感悟過(guò)程。主題始終蘊(yùn)藏著作者的意圖或價(jià)值取向。主題一般包括中心內(nèi)容與價(jià)值取向兩個(gè)方面。中心內(nèi)容是文章所負(fù)載的信息。價(jià)值取向是作者想要通過(guò)作品傳達(dá)的思想。作者可能會(huì)用標(biāo)題、一個(gè)詞、一句話或一段話呈現(xiàn)主題，而學(xué)生需要敏銳地獲取這些關(guān)鍵信息以提煉出主題及作者的價(jià)值取向。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，作者的價(jià)值取向包括歷史意義、倫理意義、人生意義、現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值、情感價(jià)值等。2.尋找語(yǔ)篇的隱性話語(yǔ)，發(fā)現(xiàn)隱藏在故事背后的問(wèn)題隱性話語(yǔ)（隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆））是上文看似無(wú)關(guān)緊要的事或物，對(duì)下文將要出現(xiàn)的人物或事件預(yù)先作出的某種提示或暗示。隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）有以下三種作用：為故事的展開服務(wù)，給予讀者暗示；制造懸念，提高讀者繼續(xù)閱讀的興趣；強(qiáng)調(diào)伏線必須有始有終，前文的跡象提示必在后文中體現(xiàn)。閱讀材料中的隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）在續(xù)寫部分得以體現(xiàn)，才能使得續(xù)文情節(jié)合情合理，即學(xué)生在續(xù)寫中要遵循“尋找隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）—回應(yīng)隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）”的寫作規(guī)則。然而，隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）經(jīng)常零星散落在試題材料中，不易發(fā)覺(jué)。有時(shí)，試題材料中看似“閑筆”之處卻是重要的伏筆信息。學(xué)生如何才能精準(zhǔn)地找出“潛伏”在試題材料中的隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）？通過(guò)梳理歷次高考讀后續(xù)寫試題材料，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）通常體現(xiàn)在特定的人、物(事件)、語(yǔ)言、情感、主人公期待和反常情境六個(gè)方面。通過(guò)關(guān)注這六個(gè)方面，我們就能找到隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆），進(jìn)而通過(guò)回應(yīng)隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）來(lái)設(shè)置合理的情節(jié)。需要注意的是，試題材料中可能會(huì)有很多隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆），而續(xù)寫內(nèi)容不可能回應(yīng)所有隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆），這就需要學(xué)生選取有助于推動(dòng)情節(jié)發(fā)展或能突顯試題材料價(jià)值取向的隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）來(lái)設(shè)置情節(jié)。例如，以2021年6月浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫試題的隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）及其回應(yīng)為例進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述：【物(事件)】隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）：①M(fèi)ydadearnedmoneytopayfamilyexpensesfromage14.②Ididn’treallyunderstandhisworld.③IthoughtthatIwouldsurpassanythinghehadaccomplishedafterhighschoolgradua-tion.④IplannedtodowiththepayasIwished.⑤Iwasn’tinterestedmorework.⑥Iunderstoodimmediatelywhatmyparentswereworriedabout.⑦thetruck回應(yīng)：①Heexertedallhisenergiestosupportthefamilywithoutanybitterwords.②Inowunderstandalltheeffortsmydadputintothefamily.③Iwouldneversurpasswhatmydaddidforthefamilyduetomylittleresponsibilitytak-enforthehousehold.④Idecidedtocontributeallmymoneytomendthetruckinsteadofbuyinganewbasket-ball.⑤Thatnight,beforeIwenttobed,IdecidedtocontinuemyworkifIcouldbecauseIlearnedthetruemeaningofgrowingup.⑥⑦M(jìn)yparentshadintendedtofixthebro-kentruckbutcouldn’tgetenoughmoneytoaffordit.通過(guò)梳理試題材料中人、物(事件)、語(yǔ)言、情感、主人公期待及反常情境等隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）信息，我們能夠快速把握敘事的情節(jié)，找到矛盾沖突的原因，進(jìn)而發(fā)現(xiàn)亟待解決的問(wèn)題。3.豐富故事情節(jié)的內(nèi)涵，突出問(wèn)題解決的實(shí)際意義歷次高考讀后續(xù)寫試題材料多為遇險(xiǎn)脫困、生活趣事等常見(jiàn)的個(gè)體經(jīng)歷，其情節(jié)主線并不復(fù)雜。學(xué)生三言兩語(yǔ)便能寫完情節(jié)主線內(nèi)容，而這又引發(fā)了另一個(gè)問(wèn)題：學(xué)生寫出的情節(jié)徒有主線骨架，并無(wú)“血肉”。例如，2021年新高考I卷讀后續(xù)寫試題中寫完Jenna和Jeff做好早餐送到母親床前，看著母親吃完早餐的時(shí)候，是否就應(yīng)該結(jié)束續(xù)寫呢？其實(shí)不然。我們還可以從環(huán)境、心理、動(dòng)作、語(yǔ)言和情感等五個(gè)方面著手，豐富情節(jié)內(nèi)容，推動(dòng)問(wèn)題的解決。4.聚焦事件發(fā)生始末，確保敘事的層次性敘事文本就是敘述人物活動(dòng)、事件發(fā)生經(jīng)過(guò)、作者抒發(fā)情感的語(yǔ)篇，其結(jié)構(gòu)一般遵循以下三種順序：（1）時(shí)間順序：敘事主要用來(lái)敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事件，這個(gè)事件既可以是真實(shí)的，也可以是虛構(gòu)的。敘事的特點(diǎn)是，敘事中事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間順序就是事件實(shí)際發(fā)生的時(shí)間順序。如果敘述的時(shí)間發(fā)生改變，那么敘述的事件也會(huì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)改變。例如：事件一：Onthewayhomefullofexcitement,Ithoughtabouthowtomakeuseofthe“huge”sumofmoney.“Ineedanewfootballinthefuture.”Iwhisperedtomyself.Approachingmyhouse,Inoticedmydadandmomstandingbesidetheoldtruckofmyfamily,lookingsad.事件二：Onthewayhomefullofexcitement,Ithoughtabouthowtomakeuseofthe“huge”sumofmoney.Approachingmyhouse,Inoticedmydadandmomstandingbesidetheoldtruckofmyfamily,lookingsad.“Ineedanewfootballinthefuture.”事件一是基于2021年6月浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫試題材料進(jìn)行的續(xù)寫，其傳遞的是作者可能會(huì)改變錢的用途，將錢用于解決家里的困難。而事件二則恰恰相反，其傳遞出作者即便知道了家里的困難，仍然想買新足球的想法。事件一、二傳達(dá)的意義之所以大相徑庭，原因就在于改變了敘述的時(shí)間。（2）空間順序：敘事文本尤其是關(guān)于景物的敘事文本，常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)空間位移的現(xiàn)象，這在一定程度上是由于景物都是以一定的空間為背景的?？臻g位移一般可以分為兩種：一種是以作者的位置為中心，推向其他人或物的位置；另一種是作者在行動(dòng)中，按行動(dòng)路線所涉及的空間逐個(gè)敘事?tīng)钗铮慈藗兂Ｕf(shuō)的“移步換形”。例如： (2018年6月浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫)Iknewwehadgottenhopelesslylost.Afterseeminglyages,therecamealoudcryofmydad.Asaquickresponse,Ishoutedinaloudvoice.“Dad,I’mhere!”Tracingmyvoice,Dadfinallyfoundmeandwegotreunited. (2021年6月浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫)Onthewayhomefullofexcitement,Ithoughtabouthowtomakeuseofthe“huge”sumofmoney.Approachingmyhouse,Inoticedmydadandmomstandingbesidetheoldtruckofmyfamily,lookingsad.Thatnight,beforeIwenttobed,IdecidedtocontinuemyworkifIcouldbecauseIlearnedthetruemean-ingofgrowingup.（3）情感順序：情感順序指將客觀事物固有的邏輯關(guān)系巧妙地組合在思想情感發(fā)展的線索中，組成一個(gè)層次式的語(yǔ)篇，體現(xiàn)了人在認(rèn)識(shí)事物過(guò)程中的情感變化與不斷成長(zhǎng)的心路歷程，以及面對(duì)矛盾沖突時(shí)的思想轉(zhuǎn)變和情感變化。情感層次的不斷提升不僅有助于推動(dòng)情節(jié)的發(fā)展、矛盾沖突的解決，更有助于突顯語(yǔ)篇的情感價(jià)值，進(jìn)一步升華主題。例如： (2021年6月浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫)Fromage14,mydadearnedandusedittopayfamilyexpenses.Ididn’treallyunderstandhisworldeither.Athome,mydadsaid,“Ajob’sabigsteptogrowingup.I’mgladyouwillbecontributingtothehousehold.”Mydad’swordsmademerealizethatmyearningsmightnotbeminetodowithasIwished.Mylaborslastedabouttwoweeks,andthefarmersaidtheremightbemorework,butIwasn’tinterested.IdecideditwasnotfairthatIhadtocontributemymoney.Iunderstoodimmediatelywhatmyparentswereworriedabout.Myparentshadintendedtobuyanewtruckbutcouldn’tgetenoughmoneytoaffordit.Suddenly,IrealizedwhatIshoulddomypartinthefamilyresponsibilities.Hold-ingthemoney,Isaid,“Dad,hereiswhatIgotformywork.Ihopeitwouldhelp.”Thatnight,beforeIwenttobed,IdecidedtocontinuemyworkifIcouldbecauseIlearnedthetruemean-ingofgrowingup.2021年6月浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫試題材料體現(xiàn)出作者情感層次的不斷遞進(jìn)和升華。首先，語(yǔ)篇描寫了作者情感的第一層次---自私。作者不理解為何父親從小就賺錢養(yǎng)家，對(duì)父親暗示他要將打工賺來(lái)的錢用于補(bǔ)貼家用較為抵觸。兩周后，作者便萌生了不愿再工作的想法，并認(rèn)為將自己辛苦賺來(lái)的錢用于補(bǔ)貼家用是不公平的。接著，語(yǔ)篇描寫了作者情感的第二層次---責(zé)任。當(dāng)作者意識(shí)到父母因沒(méi)有足夠的錢購(gòu)買全家賴以生存的卡車而擔(dān)憂時(shí)，他主動(dòng)把賺來(lái)的錢交給父母。最后，語(yǔ)篇描寫了作者情感的第三層次---成長(zhǎng)。作者決定繼續(xù)工作，主動(dòng)承擔(dān)起一份家庭責(zé)任。上述語(yǔ)篇通過(guò)情感描寫的不斷遞進(jìn)，既推動(dòng)了情節(jié)的發(fā)展，又突顯了主題。5.基于故事進(jìn)展引入新角色，以合理解決矛盾沖突續(xù)寫內(nèi)容中最主要的情節(jié)就是故事的高潮部分。所謂高潮就是矛盾沖突激化最激烈、涉事各方最終角力即將分出勝負(fù)的關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)。一旦矛盾沖突得以解決，敘事就走向結(jié)局。在有些情形下，主人公會(huì)碰到自己無(wú)法解決的矛盾沖突，此時(shí)就需要敘事材料中其他涉事人或物來(lái)幫助主人公走出困境。如果協(xié)助主人公走出困境的其他人或物已在試題材料中出現(xiàn)，我們稱之為介質(zhì)。介質(zhì)在高考讀后續(xù)寫試題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。介質(zhì)就是作者安排的某個(gè)人物或事件為下一個(gè)人物或事件的出現(xiàn)埋下的隱性話語(yǔ)（伏筆）。如果協(xié)助主人公走出困境的人物或事件沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)在試題材料中，或試題材料只是暗示這一人物或事件即將出現(xiàn)，我們稱之為第三方角色。第三方角色引入的唯一目的就是幫助主人公脫離困境，使敘事朝著主人所期待的結(jié)局發(fā)展。例如，2020年7月浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫試題最后解決人熊大戰(zhàn)這一矛盾沖突的第三方角色是護(hù)林員(rangers)。護(hù)林員這個(gè)角色雖然在所給材料中并未出現(xiàn)，但試題材料已對(duì)其進(jìn)行了暗示“Iradioedthecampmanagerforhelp.Hetoldmeahelicopterwasonitsway.”。敘事情節(jié)中矛盾沖突的解決要遵循“意料之外，情理之中”的原則，即無(wú)論作者設(shè)計(jì)的情節(jié)多么驚險(xiǎn)曲折，介質(zhì)的回應(yīng)或第三方角色的引入必須合乎情理，并能助力問(wèn)題的解決。6.點(diǎn)明人物或故事的結(jié)局，回應(yīng)源語(yǔ)篇的隱性話語(yǔ)結(jié)局是指一系列事件的結(jié)束，包括人或物的下場(chǎng)、目的的實(shí)現(xiàn)或失敗等。敘事的結(jié)局是指主要矛盾沖突解決后至故事結(jié)束的階段。在此階段，事件最終以符合主人公預(yù)期的結(jié)局收尾，即便結(jié)局不符合主人公預(yù)期，那也對(duì)主人公有著重要的意義或價(jià)值。結(jié)局是建立在開端、發(fā)展、高潮基礎(chǔ)上的對(duì)整個(gè)故事情節(jié)所做的最后完結(jié)和交待，其不是孤立存在的，具有不可替代性。結(jié)局若設(shè)置巧妙則對(duì)作品的內(nèi)容、主旨都具有畫龍典型句式之用；結(jié)局若草率結(jié)束則成狗尾續(xù)貂之憾。結(jié)局的設(shè)置有虛實(shí)兩種情況。虛的結(jié)局是指作者不直截了當(dāng)告知讀者事件的準(zhǔn)確結(jié)局，而是留有空間讓讀者去想象；實(shí)的結(jié)局是指作者明確告知讀者事件的結(jié)局。例如，在2018年6月浙江卷讀后續(xù)寫試題中，對(duì)于“we”能否找到回農(nóng)場(chǎng)的路，虛的結(jié)局可以設(shè)置為“Andjustwhenallhopeseemedlost,anxiousshoutswereheardinthedistancewithtorchescomingintosight.”，實(shí)的結(jié)局則可以設(shè)置為“Finally,UnclePaulfoundusandwewereback,safeandsound.”。因此，成功的結(jié)局只是敘事活動(dòng)在時(shí)空上的暫時(shí)停止，其文本的現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值與精神意義由讀者去想象和闡釋，從而賦予文本更長(zhǎng)久的生命力。1．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Annawastheschool'sbestdancerandthiswaswhatshetoldherparentseveryday.“Mrs.KellysaysIamverygifted,”shesaid,“ShesaysmaybeIwillbethebestdancerinourballet(芭蕾)team.”Mrs.Kellyhadsaidthesethings,butshehadsaidsotoanumberofdancersinordertoencouragethembecauseshebelievedit’simportanttogetstudentsinspired.Annawasalsoinspiredbyherwordstobewinnerandbeateveryoneelse.However,MrsKellyactuallypreferredthatAnnajustlikedtodanceonthestage.“Students!Students!”Mr.KellycalledtothesmallgroupofgirlsaroundAnna.“I’dliketointroducetoyouournewstudent,Sally.Shelovesdancingasyoudo.Ihopeyoualltaketimetosayhitohernicely.”AnnalookedatSallywithdancingshoesinherhands.Sallydidnothaveadancer’sbody:Shewasshort,withlegsthatlookedliketheybelongedtoafroginsteadofaneleven-year-oldgirl.Annafeltrelaxedandwassurethisgirlwouldnotdancewell.Inthefollowingweeks,however,itturnedoutthatAnnamadeawrongguessaboutSally’sdancingperformance.Infact,Sallywasnotjutagooddancer,butanamazinglygifteddancer.ShedancedinbeautifulwaysthatAnnathoughtwasimpossibleforsuchashortgirl.What’smore,Sallywasanicegirl.Sheoftenhelpedgirlswithdifficultdancemoves.Shewasactive,Shewassmart,andeveryonelikedher.ItseemedthatSallywastakingeverythingawayfromAnna.Annawassadandmad.Theschoolballetteamwouldpickoutthebestdancerinonlytwoweeks.SheworriedthatSallywouldwinthecontestandbecomethebestdancer.注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1Annafeltupsetandthenshethoughtoutaplan.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2Sallyputonherdancingshoes,feelingsomethingwrongwiththem.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ieverstudiedataschoolthatwasdownthestreetfromahomelessshelter(收容所).Theshelterwasrightnextdoortoalittlegasstationwheretheysoldbreakfastdaily.Iwouldrodemybiketothestation.Iwouldbuyasandwichandacokeeverymorningfromthestore.Therewasalwayssomeonestandingaroundoutsideaskingformoneytogetsomethingtoeat.Asmyfamilywasn’trich,Ihardlyhadmoneytospare,butsometimesIwouldgivethehomelessmychangeuntilInoticedmostofthemwouldgoinsideandbuyabeerwiththemoneyinsteadoffood.IstoppedgivingoutmychangeandjusttoldthemIdidn’thavemoney.Oneday,asIwaswalkingoutofthestore,Inoticedanoldmanwhowasobviouslyhomeless.However,interestingly,hewasalwayswearinganicesuit(西裝)andatieandjustsittingonthesidewalkwatchingthecarsgoby.WhenIwalkedpasthim,heaskedmeinaverykindvoicewhetherIhadanychangetosparesothathecouldgetasandwich.BeforeIcouldsayaword,headdedthathewasn’twanting“beermoney”.Ihadjustenoughmoneyinmypocketthatdaytopayforanothersandwichandacanofcoke.So,Ijustwalkedbackinsidethestoreandboughthimsomebreakfast.WhenIcameoutandgaveittohim,hiseyeslitup.Hesaid,“Thankyouverymuch!”WesatandtalkedforaminutebeforeIhadtogotoschool.Itbecameaneverydayritual(習(xí)慣).IlearnedthathisnamewasMasseyandfromAfrica.WheneverIhadthetospare,Iwouldbuytwosandwichesandtwocokes.Wewouldsitoutsidethestore,haveourbreakfasttogetherandtalkforawhileuntilitwastimeformetogotoschool.Forawhile,Istoppedbuyingourbreakfasteverymorningbecausemybrother’sbirthdaywascomingup.IwantedtosaveupsothatIcouldbuyhimagift.IexplainedtoMasseythereasonandhesaidheunderstood,butstillsatandtalkedwithme.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Mybrother’sbirthdayfinallycameandIfeltdepressedbecauseIhadn’ttoomuchmoneytobuyhimagift.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenextdaywhenitcametimeforourmorningchat,IaskedMasseyifhehadleftthegiftonmybike.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Myfatherisapracticalman.Hecan’texplaincalculus(微積分),buthecantellyouhowmuchpressureboilerneeds.Heputhimselfthroughnightschooltobecomeanengineer,butthatwasonlyafterheworkedasanelectricianandamechanic.Onedaywewalkedbyatoystorewindow.Sittinginthecornerwasthemostunusualdollhouse(玩具屋)I’deverseen.Itwasshapedlikeanupturnedlog.“Oh,Daddy,”Isaid,“isn’titbeautiful?DoyouthinkSantaClauswillbringittome?”Dadlookedatthe$100pricetag—anexorbitant(過(guò)高的)figureinthosedays.“IthinkevenSantacouldn’taffordthishouse,”hejoked,hikinguphisbeltasheoftendoeswhenhe’snervous.“Maybeoneday,sweetheart.”O(jiān)nChristmasmorning,Iawokeearlyandraceddownstairs.Inthedim(昏暗的)light,Imadeoutsomewrappedboxesunderthetree—butnonelargeenoughtocontainmydollhouse.Dadcouldseemydisappointment.Hepulledmeontohislapandgentlytoldmehow,asaboy,hehadwantedaredwagon,buthisfathercouldn’taffordone.Hesaidhemadehisownfromwoodandoldwheelshefound.“I’llmakeoneforyou,”Dadpromisedme.AndrightafterChristmas,despitealltheunfinishedprojectsathome,hestartedit.Ihadthoughtitwasaneasytoytomake,buteverystepofthelongprocesswasmorecomplex(復(fù)雜的)thanIhadexpected.Nightafternight,Dadwouldcomehomefromhisjobdeadtired,yethe’dalwaysfindtimetoworkontheloghouse.Inthedimlight,dadwasalwaysbusycreatingmydollhouse.注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置作答。Ihesitated(猶豫),wonderingifIshouldhelpmуfather.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Inall,ittookonemonthofhardworkbyus.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thirtyyearsago,Cayleywasgreatlysurprisedtofindthatshehadabrother.Shemadeuphermindtofindhim.Sincethensherefusedtoleavethehomeshegrewupin,hopingthatherbrotherwouldknockonthedooroneday.LittledidCayleyknowthatherbrother,NickRhoades,hadbeenlongingtodoso,butonlytowalkawayatthelastminute.ButthankstotheTVprogrammeLongLostFamily,thepairhaveenjoyedanemotionalreunion.Cayley’smumJacquelineleftthefamilywhenherdaughterwasonlyseventostartanewlifeinAmerica.CayleywasbroughtupbyhergrandmotherVictoria,whodiedin2001,andsheclearlyrememberedfirstfindingoutaboutherbrotherNick.Cayleywasquiteangrywiththefactthatwascoveredup.Soshewasdeterminedtofindherbrothernomatterwhatdifficultiesshewouldmeetwith.Manyyearslater,Cayley,herhusband,Colin,andtheirchildrenwerestillstayinginthehousewhereshegrewupbecauseshealwayshadhopethatonedayherbrotherwouldknockonthedoor.HerhusbandColinwasveryunderstandingandeventhoughtheyhadtwootherhousestomoveto,theystayedinthesamehouse.Shenevergaveuphope.Meanwhile,whenNickknewhewasadopted,hedidaskhisparentsquestionsandtheytoldhimeverythingtheyknew.Hisadoptiveparentsweresolovingandhismumhadadoptedhundredsofchildren.Nickhadbeenoneofthoseluckykids.Hehadlivedareallyveryhappychildhood.Sadly,whenNickwas18hisadoptivemumdiedofcancer.Afterseveralyears,hisadoptivefatheralsodied.Nickwasextremelysadduringthatperiodoftime.Onceagain,hebecameapoororphanwithoutparents,whichledhimtomakethedecisiontofindhisbirthmumJacqueline.Nickhadbeengivenhisbirthcertificate(出生證)byhisadoptiveparentswithanaddressonit.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。NickandhiswifeSandradecidedtofindhismother’shouse.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankfully,Nick’ssisterCayleyandNick’swifeSandrabothturnedtoLongLostFamilyforhelp.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Shoesaremadeforwalking.ButAamir,ahomelessIndianboy,doubtedit.Wanderingthenoisyrailwayplatform,hefoundoneofhisflip-flops(人字拖鞋)brokenagain.Hehurriedtoacorner,satdownandtriedtofixit,hisbarefootpressingawkwardlyagainsttheground.However,itwasbeyondrepair.Hegaveupandlookedaroundaimlessly,staringatpeople’sshoes.Suddenly,hiseyesweredrawntotwoboyishlegswearingflawlesslywhitesocksandequallyperfectblackleathershoes,whichwereglitteringinthemid-daysun.Itwasaboyofhisage.Hecouldn’ttreasurehispossessiontoomuch,obviously,becauseeverytenseconds,hestopped,bentdownandcarefullywipedadustortwofromhisshoes.Hisfatherwasconstantlyglancingoverandurginghim,“Hurryup!Thetrainiscoming!”Aamir’seyesfollowedthefatherandson,butmostlytheleathershoes,asifenchanted(被施魔法的).Imagininghimselfwearingthem,thecomfortfromthegoodleather,jaw-droppinglookonhisfriends’faces,hecouldn’thelpcrackingabigsmile.Thebellofthetraindrewhimback;thefancy-shoeboyandhisfatherwereabouttogetaboard.Theytriedtocrowdintothedoorway.However,theinstanttheboyenteredthecompartment(車廂),oneofhisshoesfelloffandbeforehecouldpickitup,thetrainbegantopullaway.Theshoewasnowlyingaloneontheplatform.Aamir’seyeslitupwithexcitement.Likeanarrow,heshotfortheshoeandthenpickeditup,holdingitwithbothhandsasifholdingtheQueen’scrown.Afterafewsecondsofhesitatingandlookingfromtheshoetothetrainandback,hebeganracing--withonlyonegoodshoe,hisflip-flop.Heheldtheleathershoeup,tryingtopassittotheboythroughthewindow,whowasdesperatelyreachingouthishandaswell.However,itwasnevercloseenough.Para1:ThatleftAamirnochoicebuttothrowtheshoeontothetrain.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2:Butwhenheraisedhishead,Aamirsawtheothershoethrownoutofthewindow.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1.【參考范文】Somehow,sheevenwasalittleexcitedabouttheplanwhenthinkingthatmaybeshewouldbethebestdancer.Shebegantothinkoftheplancarefully.Firstly,shethoughtSallymustperformbadlyandleaveaterribleimpressiononaudienceonthestage.Therefore,shedecidedtoputsomethingthatcouldn’tbefoundinSally’sshoes.Anideahither:sand,whichseemedtobethemostsuitablethingforthisplan.Asaresult,AnnaputsomesandinSally’sshoessecretly.However,sheinsistedondancingwiththesmilingexpressiontopresenttheperfectcondition.AllthesethingswerecaughtbyAnnawhowasstandingonthewing.Lookingatherinsistencewithpain,Annafeltasenseofguiltinsteadofthepleasurefromsuccessoftheplan.So,AnnatoldthetruthinshameandchosetowithdrawfromthecompetitionafterSallylimpedpainfullyoffthestage.Tohersurprise,Sallysmiledandsaid,“it’sthefriendshipratherthanthebestdancerthatmatters.”Annawasmoveddeeplyandheadedforthestage.【寫作指導(dǎo)】本文以人物線索展開，講述了自傲的芭蕾舞者Anna接受不了轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)的舞蹈生Sally，但是出乎意料的是，Sally不僅是一位很有天賦的舞者，而且活潑聰明，大家都很喜歡她。得知學(xué)校要在兩周內(nèi)挑選出最好的舞者，Anna擔(dān)心Sally會(huì)贏得比賽。1.段落續(xù)寫①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“Anna感到不安，然后她想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。”可知，第一段可描寫Anna的計(jì)劃是如何生成和落實(shí)的。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“Sally穿上舞鞋，覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)不對(duì)勁?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫Sally堅(jiān)持表演，Anna對(duì)自己的行為感到內(nèi)疚。2.續(xù)寫線索Anna計(jì)劃的生成過(guò)程以及落實(shí)——Sally察覺(jué)不對(duì)勁但堅(jiān)持表演——Anna感到內(nèi)疚并退賽——Sally安慰——Anna深受感動(dòng)3.詞類激活行為類①留下印象：leaveanimpressiononsb./impresssb.②堅(jiān)持：insiston③退賽：withdrawfromthecompetition情緒類①感到內(nèi)疚：feelguilty/feelasenseofguilt②感動(dòng)的：moved/touched【典型句式】【高分句型1】Somehow,sheevenwasalittleexcitedabouttheplanwhenthinkingthatmaybeshewouldbethebestdancer.(運(yùn)用了when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，賓語(yǔ)從句)【高分句型2】Lookingatherinsistencewithpain,Annafeltasenseofguiltinsteadofthepleasurefromsuccessoftheplan.(運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ))2.【參考范文】Mybrother’sbirthdayfinallycameandIfeltdepressedbecauseIhadn’ttoomuchmoneytobuyhimagift.Thatmorning,Idecidedtobuytwosandwichesandtwocokes.IwantedtosharebreakfastwithMassey.However,Ididn’tseehim.Ifeltupsetandwenttobuyasandwich.Tomysurprise,whenIwalkedoutfromthestore,Ifound,ontheseat,anelectricaltrainandabirthdaycardthatsaid“HappyBirthday”withalittlesmileyface.WhenIlookedaround,IcouldseeMasseywalkingintotheshelter.

Thenextdaywhenitcametimeforourmorningchat,IaskedMasseyifhehadleftthegiftonmybike.Heavoidedthequestion.Heaskedifmybrotherhadagoodbirthday.Inevergothimtogivemeastraightansweraboutthebirthdaygifts,butIknewitwashim.Ishowedmygratitudeforwhathedidforus.Nottoolongafterthat,Masseymovedaway.However,everyyearonmybrother’sbirthdayandmine,wewouldgetacardinthemailwithnoreturnaddressthatsaidnothingbut“HappyBirthday”withalittlesmileyface.【寫作指導(dǎo)】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者在讀書時(shí)總是會(huì)給無(wú)家可歸的人零錢，但在注意到大多數(shù)人用錢來(lái)買啤酒而不是食物后，就不再給他們零錢了。一天，作者遇到一位需要零錢來(lái)買食物的老人，用自己的零錢給老人梅西買了食物，這形成了一種日常習(xí)慣，作者總是給老人買早餐并和老人聊聊天。作者在為哥哥準(zhǔn)備生日禮物的時(shí)候，向梅西解釋不再給他準(zhǔn)備早餐了，梅西表示理解，并繼續(xù)坐著與作者交談。1.段落續(xù)寫①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我哥哥的生日終于到了，我感到很沮喪，因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有太多錢給他買禮物?！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懽髡邷?zhǔn)備和梅西一起吃早餐時(shí)沒(méi)有看到梅西，但是在自己的座位上發(fā)現(xiàn)了生日禮物和生日賀卡。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“第二天，當(dāng)我們?cè)缟狭奶斓臅r(shí)候，我問(wèn)梅西是否把禮物忘在我的自行車上了?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫雖然梅西沒(méi)有承認(rèn)是自己送了禮物，但是作者知道是梅西，并對(duì)其表示感激。2.續(xù)寫線索感覺(jué)沮喪——去見(jiàn)梅西——看到禮物——詢問(wèn)梅西——表示感激——生日賀卡3.詞匯激活行為類①?zèng)Q定做：decidetodo/makeupone’smindtodo②買：buy/purchase③知道：know/beawareof情緒類①失望的：upset/disappointed②表示感謝：showmygratitude/expressmythanks【典型句式】【高分句型1】Heaskedifmybrotherhadagoodbirthday.（由連接詞if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作asked的賓語(yǔ)）【高分句型2】Ishowedmygratitudeforwhathedidforus.（由連接詞what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)）3.【參考范文】

Ihesitated,wonderingifIshouldhelpmyfather.ButheseemedtoknowwhatIthoughtandonenightsaidtomewithasmile,“Ineedyourhelp.Let’screatethedollhousetogether.”“But,daddy,Idon’tknowhow,”saidI.“Thatdoesn’tmatter.Iwillteachyou,”saidmyfather.Soeverynightwhenheworkedonthedollhouse,Iwouldsitbyhissideandhewouldpatientlyandlovinglyteachmehowtomakesuchatoy.Itwasreallynoteasy,butoureffortspaidoffandwefinallymadeit.Inall,ittookonemonthofhardworkbyus.Myjoywasbeyonddescriptionatthatmoment.ThenIheardmyfathersaying,“Icanbuildalotofthings,butIcan’tbuildyourlife.AllIcandoistohelpyoubuildyourown.”Iwouldalwaysrememberhiswords,sothedollhousebecamethemostspecialgifttome.LongafterIgaveupplayingdolls,Iwouldoccasionallybringitdownfromtheatticjusttoadmireitandrememberthosedayswhenweworkedtogethertobringmydreamtolife.【寫作指導(dǎo)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和父親一起路過(guò)一家玩具店的櫥窗，看到一個(gè)玩具屋，作者很喜歡，但是價(jià)格很貴，最后作者和父親一起經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)月的辛苦，完成了一個(gè)玩具屋的制作。1.段落續(xù)寫：①.由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我猶豫了，不知道我是否應(yīng)該幫助我的父親?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫父親看出作者的想法然后主動(dòng)和作者說(shuō)讓其幫忙的場(chǎng)景和之后他們一起制作玩具屋的過(guò)程。②.由第二段首句內(nèi)容“總之，我們花了一個(gè)月的時(shí)間辛勤工作?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫玩具屋做成之后作者的喜悅之情和父親對(duì)作者的教誨以及作者自己的感悟。2.續(xù)寫線索：不知是否應(yīng)該幫忙——想法被看出——一起制作玩具屋——一個(gè)月后做成——心情喜悅——父親教誨——感悟3.詞匯激活行為類①.創(chuàng)作：create/produce②.教：teach/instruct③.欣賞：admire/appreciate情緒類①.親切地；充滿愛(ài)意地：lovingly/affectionately②.愉悅；高興：joy/delight【典型句式】[高分句型1].ButheseemedtoknowwhatIthoughtandonenightsaidtomewithasmile.(運(yùn)用了what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句)[高分句型2].Iwouldoccasionallybringitdownfromtheatticjusttoadmireitandrememberthosedayswhenweworkedtogethertobringmydreamtolife.(運(yùn)用了when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句)4.【參考范文】

NickandhiswifeSandradecidedtofindhismother’shouse.Itfeltsostrangethat