在線網(wǎng)課《環(huán)境生態(tài)學(xué)（雙語）(山盟-青島科大)》單元測試考核答案

第一章單元測試1.【多選題】正確答案：ABCDTraditionalecologyincludes().A.OrganismB.CommunityC.EcosystemD.Population2.【多選題】正確答案：ABCDExperimentshavesomeelementsincommon，including().A.AlltheaboveB.ControlGroupsC.TreatmentGroupsD.Randomization3【單選題】(2分)Thestudyofenvironmentinfluenceontheevolutionoforganisms.Naturalselection,evolutionofpopulationsis().A.CommunityecologyB.BehavioralecologyC.LandscapeecologyD.EvolutionEcology4【單選題】(2分)Thestudyofhowgroupsofindividuals(belongingtothesamespecies)grow(orshrink)andreproduce.Dependingonthenatureofthespecies,manyfactors(foodavailability,competition,predationetc.)mayaffectpopulationgrowthis().A.CommunityecologyB.PopulationecologyC.LandscapeecologyD.Ecosystemecology5【判斷題】AecosystemconsistsoftwobasicinteractingcomponentsofBioticandAbiotic.（）A.錯B.對第二章單元測試1.【多選題】正確答案：ABCDInahydrologiccycle,thereareprocessosof().A.GroundwaterrechargeB.InfiltrationC.InterceptionD.Precipitation2.【多選題】正確答案：ABCDWhatfactorsdeterminethepopulationgrowth?（）A.emigrationrateB.immigrationrateC.deathrateD.birthrate3【判斷題】Freshwaterishyperosmotic.()A.錯B.對4【判斷題】Saltwaterishypoosmotic.（）A.錯B.對5【判斷題】whenasystemdeviatesfromthenormalordesiredstate,mechanismsfunctiontorestorethesystembacktothatstate，itiscallednegativefeedback.（）A.錯B.對第三章單元測試1【單選題】(2分)Assumeapopulation,att=0,populationsizeisN(0),ratioofpopulationsizechangeinoneyeartothesizeoftheproceedingyear.Thismodelis().A.linergrowthmodelB.geometricgrowthmodelC.logisticgrowthmodelD.exponentialgrowthmodel2【判斷題】Theproportionsofeachindividualineachageclassisagestructure.()A.對B.錯3【判斷題】Thepurposeoflifetableistoprovideaclearandsystematicpictureofmortalityandsurvivalwithinapopulation.Canalsobeusedtosimulatepopulationsizechange.（）A.對B.錯4【判斷題】IntrinsicrateofincreasecanNOTbeestimatedfromthelifetable.（）A.錯B.對5【判斷題】Birthrateandsurvivorshipdeterminenetreproductiverate.()A.對B.錯6【判斷題】ThenumberofindividualsofapopulationtheenvironmentcansupportisCarryingcapacity.（）A.對B.錯第四章單元測試1【判斷題】InteractionsbenefitbothspeciesisMutualism.()A.對B.錯2【判斷題】Benefitone,butdonoharmonanotheriscommensalism.（）A.對B.錯3【判斷題】Arelationshipoftwoorganismslivingtogether(symbiosis)andonederivesitsnourishmentattheexpenseoftheotheriscalledParasitism.（）A.對B.錯4【判斷題】Twoconsumerssharethesameresource,eachreducestheavailabilityofresourcesoftheother.Itiscalledcompetition.（）A.對B.錯5【判斷題】Dynamicsofconsumer-resourceinteractionsreflectmutualevolutionaryresponses.()A.錯B.對第五章單元測試1【判斷題】PopulationsarelimitedbythesingleresourcethatismostscarcerelativetodemandiscalledLiebig'slawofminimum.（）A.對B.錯2【判斷題】ThetheoryofcompetitionandcoexistenceisanextensionoflogisticgrowthmodeliscalledLokta-VolterraModel.（）A.錯B.對3【判斷題】SpaceisNon-renewableresource.（）A.錯B.對4【判斷題】Lokta-VolterraModelisderivedfromlogisticgrowthequationandaddinfluenceofanotherspecies(acompetitioncomponent.（）A.錯B.對5【判斷題】Interspecificcompetitionreducestheequilibriumlevelofapopulationbelowthecarryingcapacity.()A.錯B.對6【判斷題】Thetheoryofcompetitionandcoexistenceisanextensionoflogisticgrowthmodel(Lokta-VolterraModel).（）A.對B.錯7【判斷題】Unstablesituation,bothinhibitinadensitydependentmanner.Dependingoninitialdensity,eithercanmakeotherextinct，competitioncangoeitherway.（）A.對B.錯8【判斷題】Eachspeciesinhibitsitsownpopulationgrowthmorethancompetitor.Neithercaneliminatecompetitor,itiscoexistence.（）A.對B.錯9【判斷題】AsymmetriccompetitioncanNOToccurwhendifferentfactorslimitthepopulationsofcompetitors.（）A.對B.錯10【單選題】(2分)Thereare（）possibleoutcomesofinterspecificcompetition.()A.TwoB.fourC.OneD.three第六章單元測試1【判斷題】Manypredatorandpreypopulationsincreaseanddecreaseinregularcycles.（）A.對B.錯2【判斷題】Lotka-VolterramodelcanNOTbestabilizedbypredatorsatiation.（）A.對B.錯3【判斷題】Consumer-ResourcesystemcanhaveONLYonestablestate.()A.錯B.對4【判斷題】FactorscanINCREASEoscillationofpredator-preymodels.（）A.錯B.對5【判斷題】Thereisacyclicalriseandfallinboththepredatorandpreypopulationswithtime.（）A.對B.錯6【判斷題】Asurprisingpredictionofthepradationmodelisthatincreaseinrofpreygrowthleadstoanincreaseinpredatorpopulation,nottheprey.（）A.對B.錯7【判斷題】Anincreaseinthebirthrateofpreyincreasesthepredatorpopulation,butnothepreypopulation.（）A.錯B.對8【判斷題】Consumer-Resourcesystemcanhavetwoormorestablestates.（）A.對B.錯9【判斷題】Pathogen-hostdynamicscanbedescribedbyS-I-Rmodel.（）A.錯B.對10【判斷題】Thechangeinpredatorandpreypopulationstogetherfollowsaclosedcyclethatcombinestheindividualchangesinthepredatorandpreypopulation,itiscalledjointpopulationtrajectory.（）A.對B.錯第七章單元測試1【判斷題】Agroupofspeciesthatcoexistinaspaceandtimeandinteractwithoneanotherdirectlyorindirectlyiscalledcommunity.（）A.對B.錯2【判斷題】PlaceswheremanyspeciesreachtheedgesoftheirdistributionsiscalledEcotons.（）A.對B.錯3【判斷題】Theindirecteffectsofconsumer-resourceinteractionsextendthroughadditionaltrophiclevelsofacommunityiscalledTrophiccascade.（）A.錯B.對4【判斷題】Aspeciesthathasadisproportionate不成比例impactonthecommunityrelativetoitsabundanceiscalledKeystonespecies.（）A.對B.錯5【判斷題】Relativeabundancemeanscountingallindividualsofeachspeciesinanumberofsampleplotswithinacommunityanddeterminingwhatpercentageeachcontributestothetotalnumberofindividualofallspecies.()A.對B.錯6【判斷題】Speciesrichnessmeansnumberofspecieswithinthecommunity.()A.對B.錯7【判斷題】Energyflowwebmeansconnectionsbetweenspeciesarequantifiedbythefluxofenergybetweenaresourceanditsconsumer.()A.錯B.對8【判斷題】Functionalwebmeansinfluenceonthegrowthrateofotherspeciespopulation.()A.對B.錯9【判斷題】Connectednesswebemphasizefeedingrelationshipsamongspecies,portrayed描繪aslinksinfoodweb.()A.錯B.對第八章單元測試1【判斷題】Theprocessofgradualand(seemingly)directionalchangeinthestructuralofthecommunitythroughtimeiscalledSuccession.()A.對B.錯2【判斷題】Primarysuccessionoccursonnewlyexposedsubstrates.()A.對B.錯3【判斷題】Monoclimaxhypothesisviewcommunityasahighlyintegratedsuperorganism,theprocessofsuccessionrepresentsgradualandprogressivedevelopmentofcommunitytoultimateorclimaxstage.()A.對B.錯4【判斷題】Successionbecomesself-limitingasitapproachestheclimax.()A.對B.錯5【判斷題】Successionisaseriesofchangesleadingtoastableclimax,whosecharacterisdeterminedbylocalenvironment.Onceestablished,abeech-mapleforestperpetuatesitself,anditsgeneralappearancechangeslittledespiteconstantreplacementofindividualswithinthecommunity.()A.錯B.對第九章單元測試1【判斷題】Bioticcommunityandabioticenvironmentfunctioningasasystem.Includesorganism-complexandwholecomplexofphysicalfactorsiscalledecosystem.()A.錯B.對2【判斷題】Ratioofcarbonfixed(photosynthesis)perunitofwaterlost(transpiration)iscalledWaterUseEfficiency.()A.對B.錯3【判斷題】Theratioofdrymatterproductiontotheassimilationofaparticularnutrientelement,usuallyexpressedasgramspergramiscalledNutrientuseefficiency(NUE).()A.錯B.對4【判斷題】Standingcropbiomassisamountofaccumulatedorg