OECD中國專項(xiàng)研究詞匯表

OECD中國專項(xiàng)研究詞匯表a“merit/demerit”scheme獎(jiǎng)懲制度/記功（過）【通過記功過來進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)的考核體系用于學(xué)校、公司等的管理制度中】a“win-win”outcome雙贏的局面part2，p251abailout拯救（國家對(duì)陷入困境的銀行、企業(yè)等提供援助），救市abasicpolicyofChina中國的基本國策、基本政策或基本原則【現(xiàn)有的基本國策只有：計(jì)劃生育、男女平等、改革開放、保護(hù)耕地、節(jié)約資源、保護(hù)環(huán)境。其他比如一國兩制、宗教信仰自由等都是某方面的基本政策和原則?！縜basketofcurrencies一籃子貨幣abenchmarkyieldcurve基準(zhǔn)收益率曲線Achangeofperception轉(zhuǎn)變思想觀念acivillawsuit民事案件aclassactionsuit集體訴訟案aclearallocationofresponsibilitiesandpowersto權(quán)責(zé)明確，權(quán)責(zé)明晰aclear-cutadvantage一個(gè)明顯的優(yōu)勢acoherentandcorruption-freeservice.連貫、廉潔的服務(wù)acomparativeadvantage.比較優(yōu)勢acompetentandcommittedbureaucracy稱職且盡職的政府機(jī)構(gòu)acompetitiveclimate競爭激烈的環(huán)境acomprehensiveregulatoryandinstitutionalframeworkforenvironmentalmanagement環(huán)境管理的綜合監(jiān)管體系acontrollinginterest控股權(quán)益acriminallawsuit刑事案件adeterrenteffect震懾效果adevelopedsystemoflaws健全的法律制度p94，paragragh1ageneralsafetynetfortheunemployed失業(yè)人員安全網(wǎng)（針對(duì)失業(yè)人員的社會(huì)保障政策）aglobalconcern全球普遍關(guān)注的問題agradualintroductionofthecurrenturbanpensionsystemintoruralareas將現(xiàn)行的城鎮(zhèn)養(yǎng)老金制度逐步引入農(nóng)村aHodrick-Prescott(H-P)filterH-P濾波(H-P濾波，是經(jīng)常使用的經(jīng)濟(jì)變量趨勢分解方法）alackoftransparency缺乏透明度alease租約alegacyfromthe

plannedsystem計(jì)劃體制遺留的問題alevelplayingfield公平競爭的環(huán)境alowfreefloat低公眾持股量amajorrealignmentof重大調(diào)整amereformality僅僅流于形式aministeriallevelgovernmentinstitution部級(jí)政府機(jī)構(gòu)amixofpolicyandinstitutionalactions國家政策的制定結(jié)合相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的工作amoderntaxsystem現(xiàn)代化稅務(wù)系統(tǒng)anationalfollow-uptotheUNCHE中國的“聯(lián)合國人類環(huán)境會(huì)議”aone-partysystem一黨制aone-stopadministrativeprocedure一站式行政程序p91apanaceafor萬靈丹，萬全之策aparadigmshift典范轉(zhuǎn)移，又稱范式轉(zhuǎn)移，用于描述某個(gè)學(xué)科方面的巨大轉(zhuǎn)變。aPartycontrolledorganizationatthecentrallevel以中國共產(chǎn)黨為核心領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的組織aperiodofdemographictransition人口過渡的一個(gè)階段apilotphase試點(diǎn)階段apilotprogram試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目aplaceofabode住所apurereportingsysteminacentrallyplannedeconomy中央計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)下單一的報(bào)表制度apyramidalpattern金字塔式arelativelywell-developedregulatorysystem相對(duì)完善的監(jiān)管體制arevenue-sharingsystem分稅制asafetyvalve安全閥p328ashiftin

mentalities心態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變asmallernumberofpriorityissues一小部分關(guān)鍵/核心/重點(diǎn)問題asmoothedseries平滑序列，修勻后生成的數(shù)列p73asocialsafetynet社會(huì)安全網(wǎng)asolidlegislativebase堅(jiān)實(shí)的法律基礎(chǔ)astandardrate標(biāo)準(zhǔn)稅率astraight-linemethod直線[折舊]法astumblingblock絆腳石asubstantialincreaseindemandofwater對(duì)水的需求大量增加athree-prongedapproach三種方式，三管齊下Athree-tierpensionsystem三重養(yǎng)老金制度p42atopchallenge首要挑戰(zhàn)/問題atransitioncountry[經(jīng)濟(jì)]轉(zhuǎn)型國家atransparentcapitalmarket具有透明度的資本市場atrialstudentloanscheme國家助學(xué)貸款試行制度atwo-tracksystemforcorporateincometax公司所得稅的雙軌體制aunitarystate統(tǒng)一國家，單一制國家avalue-addedmeasureofoutput通過增加值計(jì)算總產(chǎn)出的方法(與其相對(duì)的是通過凈產(chǎn)值計(jì)算總產(chǎn)值的方法agrossoutputmeasureofoutput)p86aweakbargainingposition不利的談判地位awell-structuredandtransparentboardnominationprocess結(jié)構(gòu)合理的透明的董事會(huì)提名機(jī)制awhollystate-ownedindustrialsector國有獨(dú)資工業(yè)部門azerocostofcapital資本成本為零abatepollutionontime及時(shí)減少污染ABCAgriculturalBankofChina中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行abovemarketprices高于市場價(jià)格p63abscondingwithill-gottenassets攜不當(dāng)所得資產(chǎn)潛逃absolutelevelofspending絕對(duì)支出absoluteterms絕對(duì)量China'sspendingondefenceislowinrelativetermsaswellasabsoluteterms.)absorbliquidity吸納流動(dòng)性abusetheadministrativepower濫用行政職權(quán)doc2-407academicandscientificrigorinresearch研究的學(xué)術(shù)性和科學(xué)性academictitles職稱accentuate突出，強(qiáng)調(diào)accesstoanimpartialjudiciary(有)公正的司法體制accesstogrid接入電網(wǎng)accessible公開化→容易取得的；容易達(dá)到的accidentinsurance人身意外傷害險(xiǎn)part2,p263accommodatingmonetarypolicy適應(yīng)性貨幣政策accommodatingpolicy融通政策accordedprioritystatusto對(duì)…給予優(yōu)先地位/高度重視…accordingtostateregulations根據(jù)國家規(guī)定accountability責(zé)任，責(zé)任歸屬accountabilitymechanism問責(zé)制accountabilityrelationships問責(zé)關(guān)系accountabilityforspending開支的責(zé)任性accountancysystem會(huì)計(jì)體系accountingandauditingframework會(huì)計(jì)和審計(jì)制度accountingdisclosure財(cái)務(wù)公開accountingfirm會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所part2,p252accountingirregularities會(huì)計(jì)違規(guī)accountingpractice會(huì)計(jì)核算accountingrule會(huì)計(jì)原則accountingstandard會(huì)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)accountingsystem會(huì)計(jì)系統(tǒng)accrue增加accrueddividend應(yīng)計(jì)股息accruedinterest應(yīng)計(jì)利息accumulatedcontractualvalue累計(jì)合同價(jià)值accumulatedentitlement累計(jì)權(quán)益accumulationofcapital資本積累ACFSMCAll-ChinaFederationofSupplyandMarketingCooperatives中華全國供銷合作總社理事會(huì)ACFTUAll-ChinaFederationofTradeUnions中華全國總工會(huì)achievinghigherwaterquality提高水質(zhì)acidrain酸雨acidrainpollution酸雨污染acquiredasayin在…方面有發(fā)言權(quán)→在…方面取得了發(fā)言權(quán)acquisitionofshares股分收購→股份收購acquisition收購across-theboardtariffcut全面削減關(guān)稅activate調(diào)動(dòng)→激活；啟動(dòng)activelifeinsurance→活躍的人壽保險(xiǎn)（語意單元不完整）【托機(jī)構(gòu)受領(lǐng)保險(xiǎn)金后，是否負(fù)有管理運(yùn)用的義務(wù)，分成主動(dòng)的人壽保險(xiǎn)信托（ActiveInsuranceTrust）與被動(dòng)的人壽保險(xiǎn)信托（PassiveInsuranceTrust）原句：Evidenceexiststhatanactivelifeinsurancesectorincreasesactivemarketing？→主動(dòng)營銷；活動(dòng)營銷activetrading主動(dòng)貿(mào)易→交投活躍；活躍的交易actualexpenditure實(shí)際開支actuarialtransparency保險(xiǎn)透明

acuteproblems尖銳問題adhoc為某一目的而設(shè)立的，特別的adhocbase臨時(shí)性基礎(chǔ)adhoccharges特別收費(fèi)adhocprocedures特別程序advalorem從價(jià)adaptableorresilient適應(yīng)力強(qiáng)的adaptedtotheChinesecontext適合中國的國情ADBAsianDevelopmentBank亞洲發(fā)展銀行ADBCAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofChina中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展銀行ADBIAsianDevelopmentBankInstitute亞洲開發(fā)銀行學(xué)院Part1,P127ADCAcademicDegreesCommittee學(xué)位委員會(huì)additionalfunding后續(xù)資金additionalgrowth額外增長additionalincome額外收入addressingenvironmentalproblems處理環(huán)境問題adherents擁護(hù)者p337adjudication裁定，裁決adjustproblems協(xié)調(diào)問題Adjusttherelationsbetweenlevelsofgovernment協(xié)調(diào)各級(jí)政府間關(guān)系adjustedR-squared修正判定系數(shù)R-squared:判定系數(shù)adjustmentcosts調(diào)整成本；理算費(fèi)用(種意思都成立，需要語境。)administeredrates規(guī)定費(fèi)率administeredexchangerates受管制匯率administeringstateaffairs管理國家事務(wù)administrationleadership行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)administrativeaction行政行為；行政訴訟administrativeandcriminalaction行政和法律行為；行政和刑事訴訟administrativeapprovalsystem行政審批系統(tǒng)administrativeapprovals行政審批administrativebarriers行政障礙administrativecapacities行政能力Administrativecontrolsonmigration對(duì)移民進(jìn)行行政控制administrativecost管理費(fèi)用administrativedelay行政延遲p47administrativedistinction行政區(qū)別p50administrativedistricts行政區(qū)administrativeedicts行政法令administrativeenforcement行政執(zhí)法administrativeenforcementchannel行政執(zhí)法渠道Administrativeleadership行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)administrativemonopoly行政壟斷doc2-406administrativeorders行政命令administrativepenalties行政處罰AdministrativePenaltyLaw行政處罰法administrativepractices行政行為administrativeprice行政價(jià)格p66administrativeranks行政級(jí)別administrativeregulations行政法規(guī)administrativerequirements行政規(guī)定doc2-289administrativeresponsibility行政責(zé)任administrativereturns行政返回administrativesimplification行政簡化AdministrativeSupervisionLaw行政監(jiān)察法Administrativeunit行政單位administrative,civilandcriminalmeasures行政，民事，刑事手段adoptionofordinance條例的通過part2，p391advancehisorherpromotion提前晉升adversefactors不利因素p334adverseselection逆向選擇advisorycapacity咨詢能力Advisorycommittees咨詢委員會(huì)advisorypanels咨詢小組advisoryservices咨詢服務(wù)advocacypowersandcapacities主張權(quán)力和能力affordability負(fù)擔(dān)能力after-salessupport售后支持

after-taxprofits稅后利潤After-taxreturn稅后收入agecohort年齡層agegroup年齡組ageingpopulation人口老齡化agglomerationeconomy集聚經(jīng)濟(jì)agglomerationeffects集聚效應(yīng)aggregatedata總數(shù)據(jù)aggregateemployment就業(yè)總量aggregateenrolments總?cè)雽W(xué)人數(shù)aggregatefiscaldiscipline總財(cái)政紀(jì)律aggregateinvestment投資總額aggregatelaborforce總勞動(dòng)力aggregatepotentialoutput潛在總產(chǎn)出aggregatepublicexpenditure公共開支總額aggregatespending支出總額aggregatewelfare福利總量part2，p376agreed-to協(xié)商同意的AgreementonTextilesandClothing(ATC)紡織品及服裝協(xié)議Agricultural(rural)hukou農(nóng)業(yè)戶口agriculturalandanimalhusbandrytaxes農(nóng)業(yè)稅和牧業(yè)稅agriculturalchemicals農(nóng)藥agriculturalemployment農(nóng)業(yè)就業(yè)agriculturalinputsubsidies農(nóng)業(yè)投入補(bǔ)貼p58agriculturalmachinery農(nóng)機(jī)agriculturalproductionmaterials農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料agriculturalproducts農(nóng)產(chǎn)品agriculturaltradevolume農(nóng)業(yè)貿(mào)易額p69Agriculturalunit農(nóng)業(yè)單位agricultural,industrialandurbanconsumptionofwater農(nóng)業(yè)，工業(yè)及城市生活用水a(chǎn)gricultureaidsanddevelopment支農(nóng)支出agriculturesector農(nóng)業(yè)部門p50agriculturetax農(nóng)業(yè)稅agriculturetradeprovisions農(nóng)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易條款agronomicconditions農(nóng)業(yè)條件p62AICAdministrationforIndustryandCommerce工商行政管理局aidfundsforlessdevelopedregions欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)援助基金airinurbanareas城市空氣AllChinaWomen'sFederation全國婦聯(lián)All-ChinaFederationOfIndustry&Commerce中華全國工商聯(lián)合會(huì)Part1,P120All-ChinaFederationofTradeUnions中華全國總工會(huì)p332alliedindustrialgroup聯(lián)合工業(yè)集團(tuán)allocateslandtohouseholds分配土地allocatingcredit信用配置allocation分配p45allocationoffinancialresources金融分配allocationoffinancialresourcesbymarketforces.用市場力量配置金融資源allocationofresources資源分配allocationoftaxrevenues稅收分配allocativeefficiency配置效率part2，p375allowanincreasedrolefortheprivatesector讓…發(fā)揮更大作用p28allowgreaterflexibilityintheexchangerate讓匯率更加靈活allowscopefor...給…發(fā)展空間allow/permitalotoflatitude給予很大的自由allowablepollutionloads排污許可量AlmanacofChineseInsurance中國保險(xiǎn)年鑒part2，p266alternativeestimates可替代估值alternativeinsurancepackages社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)替代方案alternativerisktransfer(ART)另類/非傳統(tǒng)/替代性/新型風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移part2，p280OECD中國專項(xiàng)研究詞匯表（2）ambientairquality環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量AMC(assetmanagementcompany)資產(chǎn)管理公司ameliorate改善，改進(jìn)amendmenttoChina'sConstitution修訂中國憲法，修憲amortizationofintangibleassets無形資產(chǎn)的分期償還an“extensive”toan“intensive”patternofeconomicgrowth經(jīng)濟(jì)增長模式由粗放型向集約型轉(zhuǎn)變anaccrualmethodofaccounting會(huì)計(jì)的應(yīng)計(jì)法anamicablesettlementagreement友好和解協(xié)議ananalysisbyquintile五分相位分析、五分之一對(duì)座anARIMAestimationmethod差分自回歸滑動(dòng)平均模型預(yù)測法anattractiveforeigndirectinvestmentdestination富有吸引力的投資目的地國aneffectiveenforcementsystem有效的落實(shí)體制anegalitariandistributionof平等分配anexcessiveconcentrationofnon-tradableshares非流通股份的過度集中anexistingfactoryexpandingorchangingitsoperations)現(xiàn)有企業(yè)的經(jīng)營規(guī)模擴(kuò)大或調(diào)整anexpandedforeignpresenceinthebankingsystem擴(kuò)大外資銀行所占比例anexpropriationofstateshareholderrights濫用國家控股權(quán)anextensiveandbloatedbureaucraticstructure龐大臃腫的官僚結(jié)構(gòu)anincreasingconstrainttogrowth對(duì)發(fā)展的限制anindependentadministrativestatus獨(dú)立的行政地位anintermediary中介anintermediatedevelopedcountry中等發(fā)達(dá)國家Anin-yearbudgetrequest年度內(nèi)預(yù)算申請(qǐng)anoperationalstrategy可行的戰(zhàn)略anup-to-datepaneldataset一組最新數(shù)據(jù)p79anurbanminimumlivingstandardforlaid-offurbanemployees城鎮(zhèn)下崗職工最低生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)anachronism時(shí)代錯(cuò)誤、過時(shí)做法或思想Part1,P121ancillaryproducts附屬產(chǎn)品animalhusbandrytax牧業(yè)稅annualeconomiclossfromwaterpollution每年因水污染而帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失Annualgrowth年增長p42annualreport年報(bào)part2，p253annualsalaries年薪annualsamplecensus年度樣本普查annuity年金answerto匯報(bào)anticipatedchanges可能發(fā)生的anti-competitive反競爭anti-competitiveconduct反競爭行為anti-competitivepractice反競爭的行為Anti-competitiveregulations反/不利于競爭監(jiān)管anti-corruptionmechanisms反腐敗機(jī)制Anti-marketbarrierstocompetition反市場的競爭壁壘anti-monopolylaw反壟斷法anti-trustlaw反托拉斯法antitrustlegislation反托拉斯立法Anti-UnfairCompetitionLaw反不正當(dāng)競爭法APECEducationalMinisterialmeeting亞太經(jīng)合組織教育部長級(jí)會(huì)議appearstobeofessence顯得非常重要applicationandenforcementofregulations實(shí)施和執(zhí)法appliedresearchandknowledgedissemination應(yīng)用研究和知識(shí)傳播applyfortemporaryregistration申請(qǐng)臨時(shí)居住證appoint任免appraisalvalue估價(jià)值Part1,P108applicationandenforcementofregulations實(shí)施和執(zhí)法applyfortemporaryregistration申請(qǐng)臨時(shí)居住證appoint任免appraisalvalue評(píng)估價(jià)值appreciation升值appreciationofintangibleassets無形資產(chǎn)的增值appropriatepollutioncontroltechnology控制污染的有效技術(shù)approval預(yù)算審批approvalrequirements審批要求AQSIQGeneralAdministrationofQualitySupervision,InspectionandQuarantine國家質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)檢疫總局Aqua-culturalproduct水產(chǎn)品aquaculture水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)arableland可耕地A-ratedcorporatebondsA級(jí)公司債券part2，p253arbiter仲裁者p49arbitralawards仲裁裁決arbitrarydecisions獨(dú)斷決策arbitraryfees亂收費(fèi)ArbitrationCommittees仲裁委員會(huì)areunderstress面臨巨大壓力areaallowance地區(qū)津貼arm’s-lengthagencies政府出資的非官方機(jī)構(gòu)armedpolicetroops武裝部隊(duì)arm'slengthrelationship(政府與經(jīng)濟(jì)）＂保持距離型＂關(guān)系arrangements規(guī)范模式arrearofsalarypayment拖欠工資arrears欠賬arrive到位Artisticandliteraryproperty藝術(shù)文學(xué)作品版權(quán)asapercentageofpercapitaincome占人均收入的比例part2,p268ASBEAccountingStandardsforBusinessEnterprises企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)制度assetliabilityratio資產(chǎn)負(fù)債比AssetManagementCorporation(AMC)資產(chǎn)管理公司assetquality資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量assetsales資產(chǎn)出售assetstripping資產(chǎn)剝離assetstrippingbycontrolling“l(fā)egalentity”shareholders法人實(shí)體控股股東的資產(chǎn)剝奪/剝離assetvaluation資產(chǎn)評(píng)估assetsandliabilitiesratio資產(chǎn)負(fù)債率assigningmoreregulatoryauthorityover賦予...對(duì)…的更多的監(jiān)督權(quán)assignmentofexpenditureresponsibility支出責(zé)任分配AssociatedPress聯(lián)合通訊社Associationsregisteredincivildepartments在民政部門注冊(cè)的協(xié)會(huì)asymmetricregulation不對(duì)稱管制doc2-415asymmetryininformation信息不對(duì)稱ataconcessionaryprice按照特惠價(jià)格atsub-centrallevels次中央級(jí)attheapexof最高層次上attheinceptionof在...的開頭atthemunicipallevel市級(jí)attheprovincialgovernmentlevel省政府一級(jí)attheserviceof服務(wù)于auctionoff拍賣audio-visual視聽audit預(yù)算審計(jì)auditcommittee審計(jì)委員會(huì)AuditLaw審計(jì)法auditstandards審計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)auditingfirms審計(jì)公司Auditor-General審計(jì)長autoloans汽車貸款A(yù)utomatedinformationsearch自動(dòng)信息搜索automatic自動(dòng)的p50autonomousregulator(s)自主監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)Averageincome平均收入p43averagelengthofeducation平均教育年限averagenominalwage平均名目工資averagewage平均工資p55awardsystem獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)機(jī)制awareness-raising增強(qiáng)意識(shí)backfire適得其反baddebt壞賬，呆賬(賬是指企業(yè)無法收回或收回的可能性極小的應(yīng)收賬款。)Part1,P103baddebtratio壞帳率badloans不良貸款bailout緊急財(cái)政援助（政府為防止企業(yè)倒閉而提供的）balanceofpayments國際收支差額balancesheets資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表(資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表是公司最主要的綜合財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表之一。它是一張平衡表。根據(jù)會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)上復(fù)式簿記的記帳方法，公司的資產(chǎn)和負(fù)債雙方在帳面上必須平衡。)Part1,P129bankaccountstatements銀行賬戶對(duì)賬單bankassetmanagementcompanies(BAMCs)銀行資產(chǎn)管理公司bankassets銀行資產(chǎn)

bankbalancesheet銀行資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表bankcertificates銀行證明bankcredit銀行借貸bankdeposits銀行存款bankdiscountrate貼現(xiàn)率bankdraft銀行匯票bankexposure銀行放款總額bankfailure銀行倒閉bankfinancing銀行融資banklending/bankloan銀行貸款p46banklendingstandards銀行貸款標(biāo)準(zhǔn)bankloanrate銀行貸款利率p46BankofChina(BOC)中國銀行BankofCommunications交通銀行BankofEastAsia東亞銀行bankportfolio銀行投資組合bankrecapitalizations銀行資本重組bankrehabilitation銀行整修bankreserve銀行準(zhǔn)備金bankunderwriters銀行核保人bankers'acceptances銀行承兌匯票bankingcrises銀行業(yè)危機(jī)p54bankingindustry金融行業(yè)bankingregulationandoversight.銀行監(jiān)管bankingsystemdistress銀行系統(tǒng)蕭條bank-lendingrates貸款率bankruptcyadministrator破產(chǎn)管理人bankruptcycode/bankruptcylaw破產(chǎn)法bankruptcyframework破產(chǎn)框架p97,paragragh4Bankruptcyproceedings破產(chǎn)程序bankruptcyregimes破產(chǎn)制度banninganti-competitiveconduct禁止不正當(dāng)競爭行為banquettax筵席稅Baosteel寶鋼barteringdeals易貨交易BASBasicAccountingStandard基本會(huì)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)baseamount基礎(chǔ)數(shù)量p45basemoney最基本的貨幣供應(yīng)量(要想對(duì)貨幣進(jìn)行控制，就必須先要能夠?qū)λ牧窟M(jìn)行測定。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家用Money也就是“錢”這個(gè)英文詞的開頭字母“M”再加上幾個(gè)阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字來代表貨幣的供應(yīng)量。M-0:貨幣供應(yīng)量0，也叫Basemoney，最基本的貨幣供應(yīng)量。指的是公眾手中流通的貨幣。M-1:貨幣供應(yīng)量1，狹義貨幣供應(yīng)量，包括流通貨幣、銀行活期存款、支票帳戶等。M-2:貨幣供應(yīng)量2，定義較寬些的貨幣，包括M1和銀行的定期存款，但巨額定期存款不包括在內(nèi)。M-3:貨幣供應(yīng)量3，廣義貨幣供應(yīng)量，國家貨幣供應(yīng)總量)p63basesalary底薪basethisselectiononcompetencyandexperiencecriteria以能力和閱歷為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行選拔baseyear基準(zhǔn)年baseline基線baselinescenario基線情景baseline/baselineyear基準(zhǔn)年Basicadministrativecosts行政經(jīng)費(fèi)basicchemicals基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)制品basiccourts初級(jí)法院basicpension基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)BasicPopulationInformationDatabase人口基本信息資源庫basicreportingunit基本報(bào)告單位basicsalary基本工資basicteachingandresearchactivities基礎(chǔ)教研項(xiàng)目basicteachingassignments基本教學(xué)任務(wù)basispoints（匯率變化的）基點(diǎn)BasleCommitteeonBankingSupervision巴塞爾銀行監(jiān)理委員會(huì)BBSBulletinBoardSystem電子公告板beauditedonaregularbasis定期審計(jì)檢查bebiasedby偏差

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bidrigging串通招投標(biāo)(在采購行為中與供應(yīng)商的內(nèi)幕人士合謀)Part1,P117bidders投標(biāo)人bill-discounting票據(jù)貼現(xiàn)part2,p254birthdefects新生兒畸形BIS(BankforInternationalSettlements)國際清算銀行part2,p254BJPIDBasicJuridicalPersonInformationDatabase法人基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)庫blue-chipcompany藍(lán)籌股boardof(executive)directors董事會(huì),執(zhí)行董事會(huì)doc2-434boardofsupervisors監(jiān)事會(huì)boardpower董事會(huì)權(quán)力boldchanges巨大變革Bondfinancedinfrastructurespending債券融資基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)bondfinancing債券融資bondmarket債券市場bondedareas保稅區(qū)bondsoutstanding未償還債券bonus獎(jiǎng)金bookvalue帳面價(jià)值book-entryform簿記式證券p42book-entrygovernmentbonds記賬式國債book-keepingprocedures簿記程序bordereconomicco-operativezone邊境經(jīng)濟(jì)合作區(qū)borrowingcosts借款費(fèi)用bottleneck瓶頸（造成阻礙的事物或環(huán)節(jié)）doc2-413bottom-upinitiative自下而上的措施p97,paragragh3OECD中國專項(xiàng)研究詞匯表（3）box-tickingexercises逐項(xiàng)核查？BPIDBasicPopulationInformationDatabase人口基礎(chǔ)信息數(shù)據(jù)庫brandimage品牌形象brandnames品牌名稱breachofcontract違約,毀約,違反合同規(guī)定doc2-432breachofenvironmentalregulations違反環(huán)保法規(guī)bribepayers行賄者briberecipients受賄者bridgetheresultinggap填補(bǔ)鴻溝broadaccesstodecision-making(throughconsultation)通過磋商廣泛參與決策broadbandtechnologies寬帶技術(shù)broker經(jīng)紀(jì)人BudapestTreaty國際承認(rèn)用于專利程序的微生物保存布達(dá)佩斯條約(BudapestTreatyontheInternationalRecognitionoftheDepositofMicroorganismsforthePurposesofPatentProcedure）budgetaccounts預(yù)算賬戶budgetaggregates預(yù)算總額budgetallocation預(yù)算分配budgetappropriation預(yù)算撥款budgetclassification預(yù)算科目budgetconstraint/budgetimplementation預(yù)算約束budgetexecution預(yù)算執(zhí)行budgetgeneralledger預(yù)算總分類賬budgetlimits預(yù)算限額budgetmanagement預(yù)算管理budgetmanagementreform預(yù)算管理改革budgetoutlays預(yù)算支出budgetplanning/budgetpreparation預(yù)算編制p42budgetpresentation預(yù)算介紹budgetproposals預(yù)算草案budgetrevenue預(yù)算收入p44budgetsqueeze預(yù)算緊張budgettransfer預(yù)算轉(zhuǎn)移budgetaryappropriation國家預(yù)算內(nèi)資金/預(yù)算撥款budgetaryconstraint預(yù)算約束budgetaryshortfalls預(yù)算缺口budgetarysystem預(yù)算體系budgetingcycle預(yù)算循環(huán)bufferfund緩沖基金B(yǎng)ufferstocks緩沖存貨buildaconsensus達(dá)成共識(shí)buildbetterrelationsbetween改善…間關(guān)系buildconsensusbetween與...達(dá)成共識(shí)buoyantexports出口暢旺burdensonruralhouseholds(""peasantburd"")農(nóng)村家庭負(fù)擔(dān)/農(nóng)民負(fù)擔(dān)p60bureauchief局長bureaucraticentity行政/官僚實(shí)體/官僚機(jī)構(gòu)BureaucraticingenuityBureausofLaborandSocialInsurance/LaborBureaus勞動(dòng)和社會(huì)保障局burgeoningsocialdemand迅速增長的社會(huì)需求BusinessandIndustryAdvisoryCommitteetotheOECD經(jīng)合組織商業(yè)和工業(yè)咨詢委員會(huì)businesscode商業(yè)代碼p41Businessentry行業(yè)準(zhǔn)入businessenvironment商業(yè)環(huán)境p51businessfailures企業(yè)倒閉Businessguidance業(yè)務(wù)指導(dǎo)businessincubator企業(yè)孵化器businessinterruptioninsurance營業(yè)中斷保險(xiǎn)

businessleadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力businesslines業(yè)務(wù)線p106,paragragh4businesssentiment企業(yè)信心businessstart-ups新創(chuàng)企業(yè)businesstax/turnovertax營業(yè)稅/流轉(zhuǎn)稅businessturnover營業(yè)額businessunit業(yè)務(wù)單元buy-and-holdinvestor長期持股投資者buyer'smarket買方市場buyout收購byexpenditureapproach,atcurrentprices按支出法，按現(xiàn)行價(jià)格p85byinternationalstandards依據(jù)國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)part2,p268by-law地方法規(guī)；細(xì)則；公司章程bypass

restrictions規(guī)避限制cadre干部calibratingregulationsandinstruments修正規(guī)章制度cancellationofdebts銷帳capacitybuilding能力建設(shè)capacityreduction減少能力capitalaccount資本項(xiàng)目p46capitalaccountconvertibility資本項(xiàng)目可兌換capitalaccountliberalization資本項(xiàng)目開放capitalaccumulation資本積累p60capitaladequacy資本充足capitaladequacyratio資本充足率part2,p251Capitalassetratio資金資產(chǎn)比率capitalbase資本金基礎(chǔ)capitalbudget資本預(yù)算capitalconstruction基本建設(shè)capitalconstructionexpenditures基本建設(shè)支出capitalcontrol資本管制p46capitalcontrolpolicy資本管制政策capitalcontrolregimes資本管制制度capitalexpenditure資本開支，資本支出capitalflow資本流p47capitalformation資本形成capitalgain資本收益capitalgainstax資本收益稅capitalincome/capitalinflow資本收入capitalinjection注資capitalintensity資本集約度capitalintensive資本密集型capitalinvestments資金投入capitalmarket資本市場p54capitalmarketdevelopment.資本市場的發(fā)展capitalflow資本流動(dòng)capitalmobility資本流動(dòng)性netcapitaloutflow資本凈流出capitalortechnology-intensive資本或技術(shù)密集型capital-outputratio資本產(chǎn)出比率capitalmanagement資本管理capitalratio資本率（同資本充足率）part2,p253capitalexpenditures資本支出capitalinvestment資本投資capitalstock\equity股本capitalstock\deposit資本存量(從企業(yè)資本經(jīng)營角度看，資本存量是指企業(yè)現(xiàn)存的全部資本資源)capitalcoefficient資本系數(shù)capitalstructure資本結(jié)構(gòu)p94,paragragh3capitaltransfers資本移轉(zhuǎn)weightedaveragecostofcapital(WACC)加權(quán)平均資本成本capital-intensiveindustry資本密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)capitalization資本化capitalization\marketcapitalization總資本，總市值(公司資產(chǎn)的市場價(jià)值，即公司現(xiàn)有股份數(shù)額乘以每股市場價(jià)值。)CAPSiM(China'sagriculturalpolicysimulationandprojectionmodel)中國農(nóng)業(yè)政策分析和預(yù)測模型statecapture世界銀行專家丹尼爾·考夫曼等人所稱的國家捕獲（StateCapture），即各級(jí)政權(quán)組織為私人大財(cái)團(tuán)所俘獲專門為后者服務(wù)而置其他社會(huì)階層或集團(tuán)的利益于不顧，前蘇聯(lián)和東歐一些國家在某種意義上出現(xiàn)了這種趨勢。一些地方出現(xiàn)的“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)傍大款”現(xiàn)象，就其實(shí)質(zhì)來說乃是一種“國家捕獲”，這些傍大款的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)只知親商愛富而忘記親民濟(jì)貧助弱，成為大款的俘虜。國家捕獲是社會(huì)貧富兩極分化的結(jié)果，同時(shí)又會(huì)進(jìn)一步加劇社會(huì)的貧富兩極分化和對(duì)立。careeropportunities工作機(jī)會(huì)carry-back虧損補(bǔ)報(bào)措施，抵前cartelization卡特爾現(xiàn)象part2,p387caselaw判例法p41cashdividend現(xiàn)金股息(現(xiàn)金股息是以現(xiàn)金形式支付的股息和紅利,是最普通、最基本的股息形式。票股息相對(duì))cashinflow現(xiàn)金流入cashmarket\spotmarket現(xiàn)貨市場cashrecoveryforallassets全部資產(chǎn)現(xiàn)金回收率cashflowanalysis現(xiàn)金流分析causticsoda苛性鈉catalogueofencouraged,restricted,andprohibitedsectors鼓勵(lì)、限制、禁止從事的行業(yè)目錄CBICopyright-basedindustry版權(quán)產(chǎn)業(yè)CBRCChinaBankingRegulatoryCommission中國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理委員會(huì)CCAChinaConsumers'Association中國消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì)CCBChinaConstructionBank中國建設(shè)銀行CCDICentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection中央紀(jì)律檢查委員會(huì)CCGLCCodeofCorporateGovernanceforListedCompanies上市公司治理準(zhǔn)則CCICEDChinaCouncilforInternationalCo-operationonEnvironmentandDevelopment中國環(huán)境與發(fā)展國際合作委員會(huì)CCIDChinaComputerIndustryDevelopmentResearchInstitute中國計(jì)算機(jī)行業(yè)發(fā)展研究所CCOICChinaChamberofInternationalCommerce中國國際商會(huì)CCPDCorruption-relatedCrimePreventionDepartment職務(wù)犯罪預(yù)防廳CCPITChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade中國國際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì)ceiling上限centralandlocalgovernments中央和地方政府CentralBank中央銀行billofexchange匯票bondyield債券收益（就是衡量債券投資收益通常使用的一個(gè)指標(biāo)，是債券收益與其投入本金的比率。）centralbudgetallocation中央預(yù)算分配Centralgovernment中央政府p42CentralHuijinInvestmentLtd.中央?yún)R金投資有限責(zé)任公司centralplanning中央計(jì)劃p51centralplanningmandates中央計(jì)劃指令centralizedtop-downlinks自上而下的集中關(guān)系centralized/centralregulatoryregisters中央法規(guī)登記centralizeddisposalofwaste污染物集中處理centralizedpotablewatersources集中供水廠centralizedsewagetreatment集中化污水處理centralizingandmergingreplicatedandoverlappingfunctions集約化、合并重疊centralizingfunctions職能集中化central-localrelations中央和地方關(guān)系centrallyplannedeconomy中央計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)p65centersforthesaleandexchangeofstateassets國有資產(chǎn)交易中心central-localgovernmentfinance中央地方政府財(cái)政p52centrifugal離心的centrifugalmovements離心運(yùn)動(dòng)Cernet(ChinaEducationandResearchComputerNetwork)中國教育和科研計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)CertificationAuthorities(CA)認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu)CGEmodel(ComputedGeneralEquilibrium)一般均衡模型chainstore連鎖店

chainsofcommand命令鏈chairoftheBoard董事會(huì)主席changeone'sresidence變更戶籍changeorfalsifystatisticaldata篡改或偽造統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)changeregistration變更土地登記changesinownership權(quán)屬變更c(diǎn)hangingfeesintotaxes/replacingfeeswithtaxes(transformadministrativefeesintotaxes)費(fèi)改稅channelfunds籌資charitycauses慈善事業(yè)ChaseManhattan大通曼哈頓銀行checksandbalances制約與平衡chemicalfertilizers化肥ChinaAgricultureDevelopmentBank中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展銀行ChinaConsumerAssociation(CCA)中國消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì)ChinaEnvironmentalNews中國環(huán)境報(bào)ChinaHuaxinInformationTechnologyDevelopmentCompany中國華信信息技術(shù)開發(fā)公司ChinaExportandImportBank中國進(jìn)出口銀行ChinaInsuranceRegulatoryCommission(CIRC)中國保險(xiǎn)監(jiān)督管理委員會(huì)ChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenter中國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息中心ChinaLife中國人壽part2p265ChinaMarketInformationSurveyAssociation中國市場信息調(diào)查協(xié)會(huì)ChinaMerchantsBank招商銀行ChinaMeteorologyAdministration中國氣象局ChinaStateBank國華商業(yè)銀行ChinaStateDevelopmentBank中國國家開發(fā)銀行ChinaStateoftheNationResearchSociety中國國情研究會(huì)ChinaStatisticalAbstract(CSA)中國統(tǒng)計(jì)摘要ChinaStatisticalConsultingCompanyLtd.中國統(tǒng)計(jì)咨詢有限公司ChinaStatisticalYearbook(CSY)中國統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒ChinaStatisticalYearbook2000中國統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒2000ChinaTaxationAdministrationInformationSystem(CTAIS)中國稅收征管信息系統(tǒng)ChinaTelecom中國電信（中國電信集團(tuán)公司）doc2-415China’suniqueandgloballysignificantbiodiversityresources中國具有國際影響的獨(dú)特生物多樣性資源China'sDevelopmentResearchCenter中國發(fā)展研究中心China'sNationalEnvironmentalMonitoringCentre中國環(huán)境監(jiān)測總站China'ssectorallaws中國行業(yè)法China'sStateEconomicandTradeCommission中國國家經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易委員會(huì)part2p375CHINATEX(ChinaNationalTextileImportandExportCorporation)中國國家紡織品進(jìn)出口p67ChineseAcademyofScience中國科學(xué)院ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences中國社會(huì)科學(xué)研究院Chongqingmunicipality重慶直轄市chronicailment慢性疾病CICPAChineseInstituteofCertifiedPublicAccountants中國注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)CIETACChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission中國國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì)CIFvalueofimports進(jìn)口商品到岸價(jià)格CIPR(theCommissiononIntellectualPropertyRights)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)委員會(huì)circular通知；供傳閱的函件circulareconomy循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)circulars公函circulationfundforSOE企業(yè)挖潛改造資金CIS(collectiveinvestmentscheme)集體投資計(jì)劃Citibank花旗銀行CITICKaWahBank中信嘉華銀行CITIClndustrialBank中信實(shí)業(yè)銀行CITICSecurities中國國際信托投資公司cityandtownshiplandusetax/thetaxontheuseofurbanland城鎮(zhèn)土地使用稅citybelts城市帶citycommercialbanks(CCBs)城市商業(yè)銀行citydwellers城鎮(zhèn)居民citymaintenanceandconstructiontax城市維護(hù)建設(shè)稅civilandadministrativesanctions民事和行政制裁CivilCode民法civilenforcement執(zhí)行民事法典CivilProcedureCode民事訴訟法civilprosecution民事起訴civilservice民事服務(wù)CivilServiceCodeofConduct公務(wù)員行為守則civilservicepersonnelestablishment編制系統(tǒng)civilservice’smeritocracy公共服務(wù)系統(tǒng)的先進(jìn)性civilsociety公民社會(huì)claimassessment索賠評(píng)估

clarifyitsroleandfunction明晰職責(zé)和作用p319clarifyingpropertyrights明晰產(chǎn)權(quán)classaction集體訴訟classofshares股票級(jí)別p108,paragragh5cleantheirportfolio投資組合清理cleanup暴利p43OECD中國專項(xiàng)研究詞匯表（4）clean-updeadlines清污期限cleardelineationofresponsibilities責(zé)任明細(xì)clearingcentre清算中心clearlydefined明晰定義clearlydefinedrightsandresponsibilities權(quán)責(zé)明確clericalstaff辦事員clientbase顧客群clientelism官官相護(hù)closeaccounts結(jié)束帳戶/撤消交易帳戶closedown關(guān)閉/倒閉closedstate-directedeconomy封閉的指令性經(jīng)濟(jì)closelyaligned緊密聯(lián)合的closureanddivestment關(guān)停破產(chǎn)p82closure,saleandconsolidation關(guān)閉，出售，合并p95,paragragh1Clothingandfood溫飽問題CLS外匯連續(xù)聯(lián)結(jié)清算系統(tǒng)CMACChinaMaritimeArbitrationCommission中國海事仲裁委員會(huì)CNAOChinaNationalAuditOffice中國國家審計(jì)署CNNICChinaInternetNetworkInformationCentre中國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息中心(CNNIC)CNPCChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation中國石油天然氣集團(tuán)公司CNY人民幣元的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)符號(hào)【中文人民幣元

英文RenminbiYuan

原有舊符號(hào)RMB￥標(biāo)準(zhǔn)符號(hào)CNY

輔幣進(jìn)位制1CNY=10jao（角）1jao=10fen（分）】coal/charcoalproductsforhouseholduse居民用煤炭制品coal-dominantenergy以煤炭能源為主的經(jīng)濟(jì)coal-dominantenergyandindustrialstructures以煤炭為主的能源和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)coal-firedpowerstations燃煤發(fā)電站coastalopenareas沿海開放地區(qū)coastalopencities沿海開放城市coastalprovinces沿海省份Cobb-Douglasproductionfunction科布一道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù)（科布一道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù)是指這樣的生產(chǎn)函數(shù)Q=AL“IK”2Mi3。式中，Q為產(chǎn)量；L為勞動(dòng)的數(shù)量；K為資本的數(shù)量；M為原材料的數(shù)量；A，31，12，23均為常數(shù)。）p72codeofconduct行為規(guī)范，工作守則CodeofCorporateGovernanceforListedCompanies上市公司治理準(zhǔn)則codeofpractice行為準(zhǔn)則Part1,P111codesofgoodbehavior良好行為準(zhǔn)則code-word密鑰codifiedenvironmentallaws已編纂的環(huán)境法codifythestatusofprivatecompanies規(guī)范化私有企業(yè)coefficient系數(shù)Part1,P130coefficientofvariation變異系數(shù)coefficientsonlaborandcapital勞動(dòng)資本系數(shù)COEs:collectively-ownedenterprises集體企業(yè)doc2-435COFCOChinaNationalCereals,OilsandFoodstuffsCorporation中國糧油食品進(jìn)出口公司/中糧集團(tuán)coherentregulatoryframework一致的規(guī)范框架p48coincidewith相符coldstorage冷藏p68collateral抵押品collectingbody征收機(jī)構(gòu)collectionofpollutioncharges收取排污費(fèi)collectionrate繳稅率Collectiveenterprise集體企業(yè)p43collectiveinvestmentfunds集體投資基金collectiveinvestmentschemes(CIS)集體投資計(jì)劃collectiveorprivateenterprises集體或私人企業(yè)collectiveownershipofland土地集體所有62collectivelycontrolledenterprise集體企業(yè)Part1,P102"collectively-ownedenterprises集體所有制企業(yè)collectivizedagriculturalsystem集體農(nóng)業(yè)制colludewith與...勾結(jié),串通doc2-408collusivetender欺詐性投標(biāo)part2,p376commercial/residentiallease商用/房屋租賃complianceregulation合規(guī)管理commensurateto與…相稱part2,p393commercialbank商業(yè)銀行CommercialBankingAct商業(yè)銀行法commercialcapital商業(yè)資本Commerciallease商業(yè)租約commercialpaper商業(yè)票據(jù)commercialproduction商業(yè)生產(chǎn)commercialsecrets商業(yè)機(jī)密commerciallending經(jīng)常性貸款commercialization商業(yè)化commissionagents'service傭金代理服務(wù)