Unit5講義牛津譯林版八年級英語下冊

8BUnit5Goodmanners一、icstripandWeletotheunit.1.goodmanners文明禮儀2.You’reoldenoughtolearnaboutmanners.你足夠大了可以學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)禮儀方面的知識了。★【be+形容詞+enough+todosth.】翻譯：我不夠強(qiáng)壯，抱不動他。中考鏈接:A.Thestudentsare_________tokeeptheirvoicedowninpublic.A.politeenoughB.enoughpoliteC.toopoliteD.politetoo3.sharethethingswithothers和別人分享東西sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物4.cutinonothers打斷別人(的話)★【此句中in為副詞，on為介詞】中考鏈接：A.Youshouldavoid______(cut)inonothers.B.Don't_________inonothers,OK?Letpeoplefinishtheirtalksfirst.Sorry.Iwon'tdothatagain.C.Don't_________otherswhiletheyaretalking.It'snotpolite.A.cutin B.cutout C.cutinto D.cutinon5.Youarenevertoooldtolearn.活到老，學(xué)到老。6.inpublicplaces在公共場所=inpublic7.droplittereverywhere到處扔垃圾8.★leavethetaprunning讓水龍頭流淌著【leave+賓語+形容詞/doing(做賓補(bǔ))】leave表示：使........處于......狀態(tài)eg:leavethedoorclosed/open中考鏈接：A.Donotleavethemachiner________.9.keepquietinthelibrary在圖書館保持安靜10.pickflowersinthepark在公園采花拓展：pickup意為“拾起，撿起；（用車）接（人）”。Hepickedthepenup. 他撿起了鋼筆。I’lletopickyouup. 我會開車來接你。WheredidyoupickupyourEnglish?你是在哪兒學(xué)得英語？中考鏈接：A.Where'syourmum?Oh,shewithmygrandpa_________(pick)peachesinthegarden.11.obeytrafficrules=followtrafficrules遵守交通規(guī)則反義詞：breaktrafficrules=dosth.againsttrafficrules違反交通規(guī)則12.queueforyourturn排隊等候輪到你【這里queue為動詞：排隊】【注】①queue也可以做名詞：隊伍eg：jumpthequeue插隊②turn名詞：輪流；（輪流的）順序（1）waitforone’sturntodosth.等輪到某人做某事（2）taketurnstodosth.輪流做某事（3）It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事了。中考鏈接：A.John,whydon'tyoucleantheblackboard?It'snotmy_________today.Icleanedtheblackboardyesterday.A.time B.order C.turn D.situationB.Whyareyoustillwaitinginline?I’vemissedmy．A．placeB．turnC．orderD．time13.putthembackafterreading閱讀后把它們放回原處【此句中after為介詞】14.Anythingelse? 還有別的嗎?辨析：else與other兩個詞都含有“其他，別的”之意，但用法有別：else，修飾不定代詞、疑問代詞或疑問副詞，放在所修飾詞之后。other，修飾名詞，位于名詞之前。Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay? 你還有別的要說嗎?Whatothercolorsdoyoulike? 你喜歡別的什么顏色?中考鏈接：A.Thebookisn'tmine.canitbe?A.WhatelseB.WhoelseC.Whichelse'sD.Whoelse'sB.Justaminute,Tom.Isthisthereportyouneedtohandintoday?Oh,yes,Mum.IthoughtIhadput_________inmyschoolbag.A.everything B.somethingC.nothing D.anything二、Reading【greeting名詞：問侯】1.inviteJennytotalkaboutmannersintheUK邀請Jenny談?wù)撚亩Y儀invitesb.todosth.意為“邀請某人做某事”，invitesb.to+名詞，意為“邀請某人去……”。Hesometimesinvitesmetoseethefilm. 他有時邀請我去看電影。短文填空：We’llinviteTom______dinnertomorrowto_________________（談?wù)摚﹖heplans.2.What’stheproperwaytogreetpeople?和人們打招呼的正確方式是什么？3.shakehands/shakeone’shand握手4.meetyouforthefirsttime第一次遇到你中考鏈接：A.Ithoughtherniceandhonest____________lmether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime5.greetpeoplewithakiss用親吻來問候人【greeting名詞：問侯】★①greetsb.withakiss=kisssb.asagreeting吻某人打招呼②greetsb.=sayhellotosb.向某人問好中考鏈接：A．Whenyoumeetoldfriends，youshouldgreethim.A．withasmileB．a(chǎn)smileC．inasmileD．byasmile6.greetrelativesorclosefriendswithakiss用親吻來問候親戚或親密的朋友becloseto“與……關(guān)系密切”。Weareclosefriends. 我們是親密的朋友。I’mclosetomyEnglishteacher. 我和我的英語老師關(guān)系很密切。中考鏈接：A.Shestood________tothedoortomakeit________.A.close;closeB.closed;closeC.close;closedD.closed;closed7.startaconversation開始一次（短暫、非正式）的對話8.avoidsubjectslikeage,weightormoney避免談?wù)撓衲挲g、體重和錢這樣的話題①avoidsth.避免某事★②avoiddoingsth.避免做某事Eg:Weshouldavoidtalkingwithstrangers.我們應(yīng)該避免與陌生人說話。中考鏈接：A.Weshould(避免)beingtrappedinthehousewhenearthquakeshappen．B.WhenyoutalkwithanEnglishman,youshouldavoid(ask)abouttheirfamily.9.behavepolitelyinpublic在公共場所表現(xiàn)地有禮貌【behave(vt./vi.)表現(xiàn)→behaviour(n.)行為】10.Theythinkit’srudetopushinbeforeothers.①Itis+adj+(forsb)+todosth.（對某人來說，）做某事……句型中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的todosth.e.g.ItisimpolitetoaskBritishpeoplehowoldtheyare.問英國人多大年齡是不禮貌的。②pushinbeforeothers插隊到別人前面【pushin（英）=cutin（美）：插隊】11.bumpintosomeoneinthestreet在街上撞到人短文填空：Thecarb_____intoatreeandthedriverwasbadlyhurt.12.intheirway擋道【inone’sway擋住了某人的去路】【區(qū)分】onone’swayto......在某人云.......的路上;inthisway用這種方式/方法中考鏈接：A.Thereisabigstonemywaymywayhomeyesterday.A.at;byB.in;byC.on;inD.in;on13.pushpastyou把你擠到一邊14.bepoliteenoughtowaittillyoumove足夠有禮貌地等到你移開為止15.aswell=too也（放句尾）★aswellas....①和......一樣好Eg:LucydancesaswellasLily.②還有......Eg:Itisunhappyinsummeraswellasinwinter.夏天不好過，冬天也不好過?！锾貏e注意：TomaswellashisparentsisfromEngland.【主語是Tom一人】16.allthetime一直=always17.keepyourvoicedowninpublic在公共場合壓低你的聲音18.behelpfultous對我們有幫助19.Justasthesayinggoes,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”正如俗話說得“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”。①★此句中as作連詞（后接從句）：正如、如同、按照②Roman，非合成詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式為：Romans羅馬人【與human,Walkman,German相同】20.hitsomeonebyaccident偶然/意外撞到人21.Whenweareinastrangeplace,weshoulddoasthelocalpeopledo.當(dāng)你在一個陌生的地方，你應(yīng)該“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”。22.Britishpeopledon'tliketoshoutorlaughloudly.英國人不喜歡大聲喊或者大聲笑。loudly副詞，意為“大聲地”。Someoneisshoutingloudly. 有人在大聲歡呼。辨析：loudly與loudloudly，副詞?！按舐暤?，喧鬧地”，給人以吵鬧、不悅耳的感覺，與quietly相對，用法較正式，含有一點貶義。loud，副詞?！奥曇舸蟆?，常與laugh，read，speak，talk等動詞搭配使用，還可與loudly替換使用；形容詞，“大聲的”，可作表語或定語。Whoisknockingatthedoorloudly? 誰在大聲敲門?Don’tspeaksoloud. 不要說得這么大聲。Thatmusicistooloud. 那音樂太吵了。中考鏈接：A.Hehadtospeakinaloudbecauseoftheofthepartyinthenextroom.A.noise;noiseB.voice;soundC.voice;noiseD.sound;voiceB.Mygrandpadoesn'thaveagoodhearing,soyouhavetospeaktohiminalvoice.三、Grammar【語法】A.使用:beenough+(forsb.)todosth.(1)【主語常是人】+be(not)+形容詞+enough+todosth…意思是“足夠....可以....”①Tomisn’toldenoughtogoswimming.②Theoldmanisn'tstrongenoughtocarrytheheavybag.③我們住在這樣的街區(qū)真的很幸運。Weare_____________________________liveinaneighbourhoodlikethis.(2)【主語常是物】+be(not)+形容詞+enoughforsb.+todo…“對.....來說足夠....可以.....”★句子的主語和不定式的賓語是指同一個事物，則賓語不能重復(fù)，必須省掉。①Theroomisbigenoughforustolivein.②Themathsproblemiseasyenoughforeveryonetoworkout.【語法】B.使用：too...(forsb.)todosth.★too…to…結(jié)構(gòu)表示否定含義可譯為“太……而不能……”、“太……無法……”。(1).“主語（人）+謂語動詞+too＋形容詞/副詞（原級）＋todosth.”Eg:Tomistooyoungtogoswimming.(2)“主語（物）+謂語動詞+too＋形容詞/副詞+todo”此句型主語是動詞不定式的承受者，此時用主動式表示被動涵義。★句子的主語和不定式的賓語是指同一個事物，則賓語不能重復(fù)，必須省掉。①Theroomistoosmallforustolivein.(√)Theroomistoosmallforustoliveinit.(×)②Thehatistoolargeformetowear.(√)Thehatistoolargeformetowearit.(×)③Theteaistoohottodrink.(√)Theteaistoohottodrinkit.(×)【語法】C.使用：so.....+形容詞/副詞+that+從句。Tomissoyoungthathecan’tgoswimming.②Theroomissosmallthatwecan’tliveinit.【必需要有it】【注意1】：enough+to與too....to....，還有so...that....可相互轉(zhuǎn)換。如：①Shewastooshorttoreachthekey.她太矮了而夠不到鑰匙。=Shewasnottallenoughtoreachthekey.=Shewassoshortthatshecouldn’treachthekey.=2\*GB3②Theroomisn’tbigenoughforustolivein.【主語是物】=Theroomistoosmallforustolivein.=Theroomissosmallthatwecan’tliveinit★.=3\*GB3③Themathsproblemisn’teasyenoughforustoworkout.=Themathsproblemistoodifficultforustoworkout.=Themathsproblemissodifficultthatwecan’tworkitout★.【注意2】：too…to…結(jié)構(gòu)表示否定含義，要注意反意疑問句的構(gòu)成。例：Tomistooyoungtogotoschool,ishe?(前否后肯)【語法】D.重點短語句型1.noticesmallchangesaroundher注意到她周圍的小變化2.queueinpublic在公共場所排隊3.tooshytojointhediscussion太害羞而不參加討論【回顧】discusssth.withsb.和某人討論某事4.expressoneselfclearly清楚地表達(dá)自己5.writedownallthemainpoints寫下所有的要點6.Hewasverybusywithhisdancinglessons他太忙于舞蹈課?！颾ebusywithsth.=bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事語法專項練習(xí)：1.She'snotstrongenough_______walkingupmountains.

A.togo

B.going

C.go

D.went2.Good,you'vedoneitwell!YouneednomorehelpfromUS,_______?

A.doyou

B.needyou

C.don'tyou

D.needn'tyou3.Helenisathoughtful(體貼的)girl.

Yes.Ithinksheis_______planeverythingwell.

A.tootalented(多才)to

B.talentedenoughto

C.sotalentedthat

D.suchatalentedgirlthat4.Pleasedon'tthrowpaperontheground.

_______,Iwon't.

A.Excuseme

B.That'sallright

C.Sorry

D.Itdoesn'tmatter5.The_______instructionsonmedicinearenecessaryforthesick.Theyexplain_______whether(是否)themedicineisoutofdate.

A.clear;clearly

B.clearly;clear

C.clearly;clearly

D.clear;clear6.Youneedtotakenotesatthemeetingsomakesure_______apenandsomepaperwithyou.

A.bring

B.bringing

C.tobring

D.notbring同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1.Amyisveryoutgoingandshecanmakefriendseasily.Amyis____________________________friendseasily.2.Theboyisverytall.Hecanreachtheapplesonthetree.Theboyis____________________________theapplesonthetree.3.Heiskind.HehelpsmewithmyEnglish.He____________________________helpmewithmyEnglish.四、Integratedskills1.publicsigns公共標(biāo)識2.beusedinpublicplaces被用于公共場所【被動語態(tài)】3.(be)brightincolours色彩明亮4.helpexplainthings幫助解釋東西★explainsth.tosb.向某人解釋某事【相似句型：sayhellotosb.】【因為explain后面不接雙賓語，所以沒有：explainsb.sth.】5.giveususefulinformation給我們有用的信息6.keepussafefromdanger保護(hù)我們安全遠(yuǎn)離危險【回顧】①keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事②keepsb.doingsth.保持某人一直做某事7.★warnusnottodosomething警告我們不要做某事Eg:Mumwarnsusnottotalkwithfoodinyourmouth.媽媽警告我們不要嘴里包著食物講話。8.Nolittering不準(zhǔn)亂丟【No+動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)】★①litter作名詞：垃圾（不可數(shù)）②litter作動詞：扔垃圾9.Noparking不準(zhǔn)停車【No+動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)】10.Nosmoking禁止吸煙【No+動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)】11.Nophotos禁止拍照12.thefamouspaintingbyPicasso畢加索的著名繪畫13.takeaphotoofsth.拍某物的照片14.Lookatthesign.Itsays“Nophotos”.Sorry,Ididn’tnoticethatsign.看標(biāo)志。上面寫著“不準(zhǔn)拍照”。對不起，我沒有注意到。五、Studyskills（一）使用英語諺語。1.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。【as作連詞（后接從句）：按照】2.Putallyoureggsinonebasket.孤注一擲。3.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧?！緋ractice作名詞：不可數(shù)】4.Nopain,nogain.一份耕耘，一份收獲。5.Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside.鄰家芳草綠，隔岸風(fēng)景好。6.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.行動勝過語言。7.theearlybirdcatchestheworm早起的鳥兒有食吃8.itneverrainsbutitpours獲不單行；不鳴則已,一鳴驚人；不雨則已,雨則傾盆。9.manyhandsmakelightwork眾人拾柴火焰高,人多好辦事,人多力量大,眾擎易舉。10.Everydoghasitsday.人皆有得意時。11.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患難見真情;患難之交才是真正的朋友。12.Burnthecandleatbothends過分耗費;勞累過度。（二）重點短語句型。1.risklosingeverythingallatonetime冒著一次失去一切的風(fēng)險★risk作動詞：①riskdoingsth.冒險做某事②riskone’slifetodosth.冒著人的生命危險去做某事★risk作名詞（可數(shù)或不可數(shù)）：①takearisk/takerisks冒風(fēng)險②atrisk處在風(fēng)險中2.soonafter不久以后【例句】That

was

in

1996.

Soon

after,

I

heardthat

he'ddied.

那是在1996年。不久以后我聽說他死了。3.makehisdreametrueafteryearsofhardwork=realizehisdreamafteryearsofhardwork經(jīng)過多年的努力工作后讓他的夢想實現(xiàn)4.keeppractisingspeakingEnglish堅持每天練習(xí)說英語5.besuccessfulin(doing)sth.做某事取得成功【回顧】★做某事取得成功：havesuccessat/insth.【success名詞】=besuccessfulin(doing)sth.【successful形容詞】=dosth.successfully【successfully副詞】=succeedindoingsth.【succeed動詞】【例句】Only

by

workinghard

can

we

succeed

indoinganything.

只有通過努力工作，我們才能獲得成功。6.【區(qū)分】sometime某時；sometime一些時間；sometimes有時；sometimes幾次

【例句】Whydon't

you

e

andsee

me

sometime.

你何不在某個時間來看看我？【例句】I'dlike

some

time

toconsider.

我希望有些時間考慮一下?！纠洹縇ife

seems

so

unfair

sometimes.

人生有時似乎非常不公平。【例句】Sometimes

goodbye

is

theonly

way.

有時候再見是唯一的方法。六、Task1.give/holdatalkaboutgoodtablemanners作一個關(guān)于餐桌禮儀方面的報告2.Thepurposeofthetalkistoteachstudentsrulesforeating.報告的目的是教學(xué)生吃的規(guī)則?！就卣埂竣費yjobistocleanthetoilet.=2\*GB3②Mydreamistobeeadoctor.③Myhobbyisplayingfootball.3.maketoomuchnoisewhileeatingordrinking吃東西時制造太多噪音4.talkwithfoodinyourmouth嘴里包著食物講話5.eatingatthetable在桌子邊吃飯6.takeplaceattheschoolhall發(fā)生在學(xué)校禮堂7.makesure確信（+賓語從句）【例句】Makesurethat

good

behaviour

isrewarded.

確保良好的行為受到嘉獎。8.waitforeveryonetofinish等每個人吃完9.reachoversomeone’splateforsomething越過(某人的)盤子去夠東西10.aboveall首要的是【區(qū)分】①aboveall首要的是

【例句】Aboveall,

chairs

shouldbe

fortable.

首先椅子應(yīng)該舒適。afterall畢竟，終究【例句】So

you

did

make

ittoAmerica,afterall.

這樣你終究成功到達(dá)了美國。atall根本【notatall根本不，一點了不】inall總共；總計【例句】The

story

was

in

all

thedailies.

這則新聞刊登在所有日報上。ofall...在所有.......當(dāng)中【例句】His

last

movie

was

best

of

all.

他最近的那部電影是他所有電影中最好的。單項選擇.1.The

second

Sunday

of

May

is

_______

Mother's

Day.

It's

_______

special

day

for

children

to

show

their

love

for

their

mothers.

A.

a:the

B.

the;

a

C.

／；a

D.

／;

the

2.Do

you

know

this

town

very

well?

No,

this

is

the

first

time

I

_______

here.

A.

was

B.

was

going

C.

came

D.

have

been

3．Li

Ming

is

getting

a

lot

better

than

expected（預(yù)料）．

But

his

doctor

_______

he

shouldn't

be

in

a

hurry

to

return

to

school.

A.

notices

B.

wonders

C.

warns

D.

asked

4.Your

father

used

to

work

in

the

factory,

_______?

A．did

he

B．didn't

he

C.

does

he

D.usedn't

him

5．I'd

like

a

cup

of

black

coffee.

What

about

you,

Maggie?

I

like

coffee

_______

sugar

much

better.

A.

than

B.

for

C.

with

D.

to

6.Which

sign

will

you

probably

see

in

the

museum?

A.

SOLD

OUT

B.

NO

PARKING

C.

NO

PHOTOS

D.

LOOK

OUT

7.The

bag

is

_______

heavy

for

me

A.

so;

that

carry

B.

too;

to

carry

it

C.

not

enough;

to

carry

it

D.

too;

to

carry

8.People

won't

realize

the

importance

of

heath

_______

they

lose

it.

A．if

B．since

C．until

D．a(chǎn)fter

9．Just

a

minute,

Tom.

Is

this

the

report

you

need

to

hand

in

today?

Oh,

yes,

Mum.

I

thought

I

had

put

_______

in

my

schoo1

bag.

A.

everything

B.

something

C.

nothing

D.

anything

10.These

days

lots

of

people

are

working

_______

to

get_______

for

their

living.

A.

hard

enough;

enough

mon