高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解五步法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)帶練(47)講義

①ShanyaGill,a12yearoldmiddleschoolerfromSanJose,California,wonthetopawardintheSocietyforScience'sannualmiddleschoolpetitionfordesigningafiredetectionsystemthatissuperiortoexistingones,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheorganization.②Shanya'sinspirationcameafterafiredestroyedarestaurantinherneighborhoodduringthesummerof2022，reportedWashingtonPost.“Ihadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,”shetoldWashingtonPostabouttheearlymorningfireatHolder'sCountryInn,whichstartedinthekitchen.“Theyhadsmokedetectors,andyetitstillburneddown,”sheadded.③Aftershestudiedfirestatisticsandsawhowmonfiresare,Shanyadecidedthatshewasgoingtodosomethingaboutit.Shespentmorethanayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatshebelievescouldpreventthefire.That'sbecausesmokedetectorssenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,whileShanya'sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.④Herplexsystemhastwoparts,athermalcameraandaRaspberryPi,atinyputer.Thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattendedfortenminutesandsendsatextmessagealert.⑤Creatingtheprototype(原型)wasdifficultandthehardestpartwasthecoding.“Ihadtwodesigns,andthefinaldevicesucceededbecauseitoutperformssmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy”.Shanyawantstobringthecostsdownto$60tomakeitevenmoreaffordablethanhardwiredsmokedetectors.⑥“Shanyasawaproblemandtriedhardtosolveit,andthat'swhatweneedtoencouragewithallyoungpeople,”saidAjmera,presidentandCEOofSocietyforScience.“Herremarkableresearchnotonlyreflectshertalentbutalsopavesthewayforanexcitingnewfuture.”【素材來(lái)源：山東名?？荚嚶?lián)盟2023年12月高三年級(jí)階段性檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題】24.WhatinspiredShanyatodesignthefiredetectionsystem?Aneighbor'sburntkitchen.B.AreportonWashingtonPost.C.Aterriblerestaurantexperience.D.Ahorriblefireinhermunity.25.HowcanShanya'sfiredetectionsystemhelppreventfire?A.Byhavingpeopleupdated.B.Bysendingawarningmail.C.Bycontrollingthewatertap.D.Byputtingoutaheatsource.26.Whydidthefinaldevicesucceed?A.Itwasfastandprecise.B.Itwascheapandsimple.C.Itwasplexandunique.D.Itwasaffordableandconvenient.27.WhatmayAjmeraagree?A.Teenagersarethearchitectofthefuture.B.Aproblemisachancetobringoutthebest.C.Thethirstforknowledgeisaneverendingone.D.Thebestwaytopredictthefutureistocreateit.【五步法解析】串聯(lián)題干WhatinspiredShanyatodesignthefiredetectionsystem?HowcanShanya'sfiredetectionsystemhelppreventfire?Whydidthefinaldevicesucceed?WhatmayAjmeraagree?主題詞歸納：thefiredetectionsystem,thefinaldevice24.WhatinspiredShanyatodesignthefiredetectionsystem?是什么啟發(fā)了杉雅設(shè)計(jì)火災(zāi)探測(cè)系統(tǒng)?A.Aneighbor'sburntkitchen.鄰居被燒焦的廚房。B.AreportonWashingtonPost.《華盛頓郵報(bào)》報(bào)道。C.Aterriblerestaurantexperience.一次糟糕的就餐經(jīng)歷。D.Ahorriblefireinhermunity.她的社區(qū)發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)可怕的火災(zāi)。②Shanya'sinspirationcameafterafiredestroyedarestaurantinherneighborhoodduringthesummerof2022，reportedWashingtonPost.“Ihadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,”shetoldWashingtonPostabouttheearlymorningfireatHolder'sCountryInn,whichstartedinthekitchen.她告訴《華盛頓郵報(bào)》，霍爾德鄉(xiāng)村旅館清晨的火災(zāi)是從廚房開(kāi)始的?！癟heyhadsmokedetectors,andyetitstillburneddown,”sheadded.25.HowcanShanya'sfiredetectionsystemhelppreventfire?山亞的火災(zāi)探測(cè)系統(tǒng)如何幫助預(yù)防火災(zāi)?A.Byhavingpeopleupdated.通過(guò)讓人們更新。=這個(gè)系統(tǒng)讓人們更新室內(nèi)火災(zāi)信息。B.Bysendingawarningmail.通過(guò)發(fā)送警告郵件。C.Bycontrollingthewatertap.通過(guò)控制水龍頭。D.Byputtingoutaheatsource.通過(guò)放出熱源。③Aftershestudiedfirestatisticsandsawhowmonfiresare,Shanyadecidedthatshewasgoingtodosomethingaboutit.Shespentmorethanayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatshebelievescouldpreventthefire.That'sbecausesmokedetectorssenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,whileShanya'sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.這是因?yàn)闊熿F探測(cè)器從空氣中的煙霧中感應(yīng)到活躍的火災(zāi)，而山亞的熱成像設(shè)備旨在阻止火災(zāi)的發(fā)生。④Herplexsystemhastwoparts,athermalcameraandaRaspberryPi,atinyputer.Thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattendedfortenminutesandsendsatextmessagealert.當(dāng)熱源無(wú)人看管超過(guò)10分鐘時(shí)，該設(shè)備就會(huì)檢測(cè)到，并發(fā)送短信警報(bào)。26.Whydidthefinaldevicesucceed?為什么最后的裝置成功了?A.Itwasfastandprecise.它又快又準(zhǔn)。B.Itwascheapandsimple.它既便宜又簡(jiǎn)單。C.Itwasplexandunique.它復(fù)雜而獨(dú)特D.Itwasaffordableandconvenient.它既便宜又方便。⑤Creatingtheprototype(原型)wasdifficultandthehardestpartwasthecoding.“Ihadtwodesigns,andthefinaldevicesucceededbecauseitoutperformssmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy”.我有兩個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)，最終的裝置成功了，因?yàn)樗谒俣群蜏?zhǔn)確性上都超過(guò)了煙霧探測(cè)器?！盨hanyawantstobringthecostsdownto$60tomakeitevenmoreaffordablethanhardwiredsmokedetectors.27.WhatmayAjmeraagree?Ajmera會(huì)同意什么?A.Teenagersarethearchitectofthefuture.青少年是未來(lái)的建筑師。B.Aproblemisachancetobringoutthebest.一個(gè)問(wèn)題是一個(gè)讓你發(fā)揮最好的機(jī)會(huì)。C.Thethirstforknowledgeisaneverendingone.對(duì)知識(shí)的渴望是永無(wú)止境的。D.Thebestwaytopredictthefutureistocreateit預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)的最好方法就是創(chuàng)造未來(lái)⑥“Shanyasawaproblemandtriedhardtosolveit,andthat'swhatweneedtoencouragewithallyoungpeople,”saidAjmera,presidentandCEOofSocietyforScience.“Herremarkableresearchnotonlyreflectshertalentbutalsopavesthewayforanexcitingnewfuture.”她卓越的研究不僅反映了她的才能，也為令人興奮的新未來(lái)鋪平了道路?！薄局鹁浞g】第一段：ShanyaGill,a12yearoldmiddleschoolerfromSanJose,California,wonthetopawardintheSocietyforScience'sannualmiddleschoolpetitionfordesigningafiredetectionsystemthatissuperiortoexistingones,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheorganization.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：a12...california做同位語(yǔ)解釋shanya;that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾afiredetectionsystem句意：據(jù)美國(guó)科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)布的一份新聞稿稱(chēng)，來(lái)自加州圣何塞的12歲中學(xué)生善雅·吉爾(ShanyaGill)設(shè)計(jì)了一種優(yōu)于現(xiàn)有火災(zāi)探測(cè)系統(tǒng)的裝置，贏得了該協(xié)會(huì)年度中學(xué)生競(jìng)賽的最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。【真題必考詞匯】Besuperiortov.優(yōu)越于，不受誘惑，不屈服于;勝;強(qiáng)似Thesemethods,unfortunately,arenotverysensitiveandmaynotbesuperiortothesoapbubbletest.不過(guò),這些方法不是很靈敏的,并且不可能比肥皂泡試驗(yàn)法好.Accordingto按...所說(shuō)，根據(jù)Theworkwasdoneaccordingtoherinstructions.這項(xiàng)工作是依照她的指示辦的。Releaseverb.公布（熟詞僻義分析）ThenewsoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.新軟件計(jì)劃四月份發(fā)行。第二段：Shanya'sinspirationcameafterafiredestroyedarestaurantinherneighborhoodduringthesummerof2022，reportedWashingtonPost.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：reported...非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)修飾washingtonpost據(jù)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，Shanya的靈感來(lái)自于2022年夏天一場(chǎng)大火燒毀了她家附近的一家餐館?！菊骖}必考詞匯】Inspirationn.靈感;鼓舞人心/啟發(fā)靈感的人或事;好主意Dreamscanbearichsourceofinspirationforanartist.夢(mèng)境可以成為藝術(shù)家靈感的豐富源泉?！癐hadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,”shetoldWashingtonPostabouttheearlymorningfireatHolder'sCountryInn,whichstartedinthekitchen.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾Holder'sCountryInn句意：“我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)有真正經(jīng)歷過(guò)這樣的事情，”她告訴《華盛頓郵報(bào)》，清晨霍爾德鄉(xiāng)村酒店的大火是從廚房開(kāi)始的“Theyhadsmokedetectors,andyetitstillburneddown,”sheadded.“他們有煙霧探測(cè)器，但還是燒毀了，”她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)?！菊骖}必考詞匯】Burndown燒毀Anarchistsburntdownarestaurant.無(wú)政府主義者把一家飯店燒成平地。第三段：Aftershestudiedfirestatisticsandsawhowmonfiresare,Shanyadecidedthatshewasgoingtodosomethingaboutit.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句在學(xué)習(xí)了火災(zāi)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，了解了火災(zāi)的常見(jiàn)程度后，珊婭決定要為此做點(diǎn)什么。Shespentmorethanayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatshebelievescouldpreventthefire.她花了一年多的時(shí)間開(kāi)發(fā)了一種火災(zāi)探測(cè)系統(tǒng)，她認(rèn)為這種系統(tǒng)可以預(yù)防火災(zāi)?！菊骖}必考詞匯】Spendindoingsomething花時(shí)間做某事Thepanyhasspentthousandsofpoundsupdatingtheirputersystems.公司花了幾千英鎊更新計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。That'sbecausesmokedetectorssenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,whileShanya'sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句句意：這是因?yàn)闊熿F探測(cè)器從空氣中的煙霧中感應(yīng)到活躍的火災(zāi)，而山亞的熱成像設(shè)備旨在阻止火災(zāi)的發(fā)生。第四段：Herplexsystemhastwoparts,athermalcameraandaRaspberryPi,atinyputer.她的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)由兩部分組成，一個(gè)熱像儀和一個(gè)小電腦樹(shù)莓派。Thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattendedfortenminutesandsendsatextmessagealert.當(dāng)熱源無(wú)人看管超過(guò)10分鐘時(shí)，該設(shè)備就會(huì)檢測(cè)到，并發(fā)送短信警報(bào)。第五段：Creatingtheprototype(原型)wasdifficultandthehardestpartwasthecoding.創(chuàng)建原型(原型)很困難，最困難的部分是編碼。“Ihadtwodesigns,andthefinaldevicesucceededbecauseitoutperformssmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy”.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句句意：“我有兩個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)，最終的裝置成功了，因?yàn)樗谒俣群蜏?zhǔn)確性上都超過(guò)了煙霧探測(cè)器。”Shanyawantstobringthecostsdownto$60tomakeitevenmoreaffordablethanhardwiredsmokedetectors.Shanya希望將成本降低到60美元，使其比硬線煙霧探測(cè)器更便宜。第六段：“Shanyasawaproblemandt