高中英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解與練習(xí)

中學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（一）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的定義

：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法。

（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)

：1）有確定詞義；2）不受主語(yǔ)人稱和數(shù)的改變影響；3）與主要?jiǎng)釉~的原形（或稱不帶to的不定式）一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)（除ought

to作固定詞組看待）。

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的改變,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞需用原形,否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加"not"。個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式兩種形式,過(guò)去式用來(lái)表達(dá)更加客氣,委婉的語(yǔ)氣,時(shí)態(tài)性不強(qiáng),可用于過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞屬非與物動(dòng)詞，故沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Hecouldbeheresoon.他很快就來(lái)。Wecan'tcarrytheheavybox.我們搬不動(dòng)那箱子。I'msorryIcan'thelpyou.對(duì)不起，我?guī)筒簧夏??；局鷦?dòng)詞與情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞最主要的區(qū)分之一是，基本助動(dòng)詞本身沒(méi)有詞義，而情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞則有自己的詞義，能表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)有關(guān)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法，或表示主觀設(shè)想：Whathaveyoubeendoingsince?（構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行體，本身無(wú)詞義）IamafraidImustbegoing.（確定要）Youmayhavereadsomeaccountofthematter.（或許已經(jīng)）除此之外，情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞還有如下詞法和句法特征：1）除ought和used以外，其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面只能接不帶to的不定式。假如我們把oughtto和usedto看做是固定詞組的話，那么，全部情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)一例外地只能接不帶to的不定式：Weusedtogrowbeautifulroses.Iaskedifhewouldcomeandrepairmytelevisionset.2）情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞在限定動(dòng)詞詞組總是位居第一：Theyneednothavebeenpunishedsoseverely.3）情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞用于第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)候，沒(méi)有詞形改變，即其詞尾無(wú)-s形式：Shedarenotsaywhatshethinks.4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有非限定形式，即沒(méi)有不定式和分詞形式，也沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的動(dòng)名詞：Still,sheneedn'thaverunaway.5）情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞的“時(shí)”的形式并不是時(shí)間區(qū)分的主要標(biāo)記。在不少場(chǎng)合，情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)形式都可以表示現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)時(shí)間：WouldyoumindverymuchifIaskyoutodosomething?Shetoldhimheoughtnottohavedoneit.6）情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞之間是相互排斥的，即在一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞詞組中只能出現(xiàn)一個(gè)情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞，但有時(shí)卻可以與have和be基本助動(dòng)詞連用：Youshouldhavewashedthewound.Well,youshouldn'tbereadinganovel.（三）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有四類：①只做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：must,can(could),may(might),oughtto②可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：need,dare③可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可做助動(dòng)詞：shall(should),will(would)④具有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特征：have(had,has)to,usedto⑤情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表揣測(cè)（四）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法

1.

can

(could)

1）表示實(shí)力，could主要指過(guò)去時(shí)間。

Two

eyes

can

see

more

than

one.

兩只眼比一只眼看得清。Could

the

girl

read

before

she

went

to

school?

這女孩上學(xué)前能識(shí)字嗎？2）表示可能（理論上或是邏輯推斷上）。The

temperature

can

fall

to

–60℃,

that

is

60℃

below

freezing.氣溫可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。He

can′t

(couldn′t)

have

enough

money

for

a

new

car.

他不行能有足夠的錢(qián)買(mǎi)新車。You

mustn′t

smoke

while

you′re

walking

around

in

the

wood.

You

could

start

a

fire.

在林子里走時(shí)勿吸煙，那樣可能會(huì)引起火災(zāi)。3）表示允許。Can

I

have

a

look

at

your

new

pen?

我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？He

asked

whether

he

could

take

the

book

out

of

the

reading—room.

他問(wèn)他可不行以把書(shū)帶出閱覽室。4）表驚異、懷疑、不信任等看法。主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中。Where

can

(could)

they

have

gone

to?

他們會(huì)去哪兒了呢？He

can′t

(couldn′t)

be

over

sixty.

他不行能超過(guò)六十歲。How

can

you

be

so

careless?

你怎么這么馬虎？5）比較委婉客氣地提出問(wèn)題或陳述看法。Can

(Could)

you

lend

me

a

hand?

幫我一把好嗎？I′m

afraid

we

couldn′t

give

you

an

answer

today.

唯恐我們今日不能給你答復(fù)。2.

may

(might)

1）表允許，might可以指過(guò)去時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語(yǔ)氣更委婉。You

may

take

whatever

you

like.

你喜愛(ài)什么就拿什么。He

told

me

that

I

might

smoke

in

the

room.

他告知我可以在房間里抽煙。May

(Might)

I

ask

for

a

photo

of

your

baby?

我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？

在回答以may引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，多避開(kāi)用這個(gè)詞，而用其它方式，如Yes,

please.

/

Certainly.

/

Please

don′t

./

You′d

better

not.

/

No,

you

mustn′t.等，以免顯得太嚴(yán)峻或不客氣。

2）表可能（事實(shí)上）?？梢灾高^(guò)去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語(yǔ)氣更加不愿定。

He

may

be

at

home.

他可能在家。

She

may

not

know

about

it.

她可能不知道這件事。

He

was

afraid

they

might

not

agree

with

him.

他擔(dān)憂他們可能不同意他的看法。They

might

be

having

a

meeting,

but

I′m

not

sure.

他們有可能在開(kāi)會(huì)，不過(guò)我不愿定。

3.

must1）表示義務(wù)。意為“必需”（主觀意志）。We

must

do

everything

step

by

step.

我們一切都必需按部就班地做。You

mustn′t

talk

to

her

like

that.

你不行能那樣對(duì)她說(shuō)話。

--Must

we

hand

in

our

exercise—books

now?

我們現(xiàn)在就要交練習(xí)本嗎？

--No,

you

needn′t.

/

No,

you

don′t

have

to.

不必。（這種狀況下，一般不用mustn′t）

2）表示揣測(cè)。意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、確定”等，只用于確定句。He

must

be

ill.

He

looks

so

pale.

他準(zhǔn)是病了。他的臉色蒼白。

She′s

wearing

a

diamond

necklace.

She

must

have

a

lot

of

money.

她戴著鉆石項(xiàng)鏈，確定很有錢(qián)。4.

shall

1）表征詢看法，用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句。

Shall

I

get

you

some

tea?

我給你點(diǎn)茶好嗎？Shall

the

boy

wait

outside?

讓那男孩在外面等嗎？

What

shall

we

do

this

evening?

我們今晚做什么？2）表說(shuō)話人的意愿，有“吩咐、承諾、警告、決心”等意思，用于其次、第三人稱陳述句。

You

shall

do

as

I

say.

按我說(shuō)的做。（吩咐）

You

shall

have

my

answer

tomorrow.

你明天可以得到我的答復(fù)。（承諾）

He

shall

be

sorry

for

it

one

day,

I

tell

you.

有一天他會(huì)懊悔的，我告知你。（警告）

Nothing

shall

stop

us

from

carrying

out

the

plan.

什么也不能阻擋我們執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)安排（決心）

5.

will

1）表意愿，用于各種人稱陳述句。

I

will

do

anything

for

you.

我愿為你做任何事。

None

is

so

blind

as

those

who

won′t

see.

不愿看的人眼最瞎。

If

you

will

read

the

book,

I′ll

lend

it

to

you.

假如你情愿讀這本書(shū)，我會(huì)把它借給你。

2）表懇求，用于疑問(wèn)句。

Will

you

close

the

window?

It′s

a

bit

cold.

請(qǐng)你把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？有點(diǎn)冷。

Won′t

you

drink

some

more

coffee?

再來(lái)一點(diǎn)咖啡好嗎？

3）表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。

Fish

will

die

out

of

water.

魚(yú)離開(kāi)水就不能活。

The

door

won′t

open.

這門(mén)打不開(kāi)。

The

boy

will

sit

there

hour

after

hour

looking

at

the

traffic

go

by.

那男孩常常坐在那里好幾個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)，看著車輛行人通過(guò)。

6.

should

1）表義務(wù)。意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)”（某件事宜于做），用于各種人稱。You

should

be

polite

to

your

teachers.

你對(duì)老師應(yīng)當(dāng)有禮貌。

You

shouldn′t

waste

any

time.

你不應(yīng)當(dāng)奢侈時(shí)間。

2）表推想，意為“想必確定、照說(shuō)應(yīng)當(dāng)、估計(jì)”等。

The

film

should

be

very

good

as

it

is

starring

first—class

actors.

這部新電影是一流演員主演的，估計(jì)拍得很好。

They

should

be

home

by

now.

照說(shuō)他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)到家了。

7.would

1）表意愿。

They

would

not

let

him

in

because

he

was

poorly

dressed.

他們不讓他進(jìn)去因?yàn)樗轮f。

I

said

I

would

do

anything

for

you.

我說(shuō)過(guò)我情愿為你做任何事。

2）表委婉地提出懇求、建議或看法。

Would

you

like

another

glass

of

beer?

再來(lái)杯啤酒好嗎？

Would

you

mind

cleaning

the

window?

請(qǐng)把窗戶擦一下好嗎？They

wouldn′t

have

anything

against

it.

他們不會(huì)有什么反對(duì)看法。

3）表過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的一種傾向。

Every

time

she

was

in

trouble,

she

would

go

to

him

for

help.

她每遇到麻煩都會(huì)向她求助。他告知我盒子打不開(kāi)了。8.

ought

to1）表義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)”（因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做），口氣比should稍重。

You

are

his

father.

You

ought

to

take

care

of

him.

你是他父親，應(yīng)當(dāng)管他。

You

oughtn′t

to

smoke

so

much.

你不應(yīng)當(dāng)抽這么多煙。2）表推想，暗含很大的可能，語(yǔ)氣較弱。

Han

Mei

ought

to

know

his

telephone

number.

韓梅該知道他的電話號(hào)碼。

There′s

a

fine

sunset;

it

ought

to

be

a

fine

day

tomorrow.

今日有晚霞，明天應(yīng)當(dāng)是個(gè)好天。9.

used

to

表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在不復(fù)發(fā)生或存在。疑問(wèn)式和否定式有兩種。He

used

to

live

in

the

countryside,

but

now

he

lives

in

the

city.他過(guò)去住在鄉(xiāng)下，現(xiàn)在住在城里。

There

used

to

be

a

building

at

the

street

corner,

but

it

has

been

pulled

down.

街道拐角處過(guò)去有座樓房，現(xiàn)在拆了。

I

usedn′t

(didn′t

use)

to

smoke.

我過(guò)去不抽煙。

Used

you

(Did

you

use)

to

go

to

school

on

foot?

你過(guò)去常步行去學(xué)校嗎？（五）其他用法首先它是動(dòng)詞，而且不同于行為動(dòng)詞，行為動(dòng)詞表示的是可以通過(guò)行為來(lái)表達(dá)的動(dòng)作（如寫(xiě)，讀，跑），而情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只是表達(dá)的一種想法（如能，或許，敢）。用法是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞原形例句：IcanreadthissentenceinEnglish.我能用英語(yǔ)讀這句話。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有確定的詞義,表示說(shuō)話人的心情,看法或語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞,但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。Wecanbethereontimetomorrow.我們明天能按時(shí)去那兒。MayIhaveyourname?我能知道你的名字嗎？Shallwebeginnow?我們現(xiàn)在就起先嗎？Youmustobeytheschoolrules.你必需遵守校規(guī)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞數(shù)量不多,但用途廣泛,主要有下列:can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would),have(to),hadbetter.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞還有一個(gè)很重要的用法，即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推想——情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推想的用法小結(jié)（一）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推想的三種句式1.在確定句中一般用must(確定)，may（可能），might/could（或許，或許）。（1）Hemust/may/mightknowtheanswertothisquestion?他確定/可能/或許知道這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案。（2）Itiscoldintheroom.Theymusthaveturnedofftheheating.屋里很冷，他們確定把暖氣關(guān)了。2.否定句中用can’t/couldn’t(不行能),maynot/mightnot(可能不)。（1）Itcan’t/couldn’tbetheheadmaster.HehasgonetoAmerica.這不行能是校長(zhǎng)，他去美國(guó)了。（2）Hemaynot/mightnotknowthescientist.他或許不相識(shí)那位科學(xué)家。3.疑問(wèn)句中用can/could(能……?)。（1）Couldhehavefinishedthetask?他可能把任務(wù)完成了嗎？（2）Canhebeathomenow?他現(xiàn)在能在家嗎？注：以上三種句式中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣按程度都是依次遞減的。Might,could并非may,can的過(guò)去式，而表示語(yǔ)氣較為委婉或可能性較小。（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推想的三種時(shí)態(tài)1.對(duì)將來(lái)狀況的推想，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”。（1）Shemust/may/might/couldarrivebefore5.5:00前她確定/可能/或許到。（2）Shemust/may/might/couldwalkmilesandmilesamongthehillswithoutmeetinganyone.她確定/可能/或許會(huì)在山里一連走好幾英里而遇不到一個(gè)人。2.對(duì)現(xiàn)在或一般狀況的推想，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be”，“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedoing”或“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”。（1）Hemust/may/might/couldbelisteningtotheradionow.他確定/可能/或許正在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。（2）Hecan’t(couldn’t)/may(might)notbeathomeatthistime.這個(gè)時(shí)候他不行能/可能不在家。（3）Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.Howcan(could)hebelatefortheopeningceremony?布什先生一向準(zhǔn)時(shí)，這次開(kāi)幕式他怎么可能遲到呢？3.對(duì)過(guò)去狀況的推想，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+過(guò)去分詞”。（1）Itmust/may/might/couldhaverainedlastnight.Thegroundiswet.地濕了，昨晚確定/可能/或許下雨了。（2）Thedoorwaslocked.Hecan(could)not/may(might)nothavebeenathome.門(mén)鎖著，他不行能/可能不在家。（3）Can/Couldhehavegottenthebook？莫非他找到書(shū)了嗎？注：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should/oughtto表推想時(shí)，意為“想必會(huì)，理應(yīng)……”但與“have+過(guò)去分詞”連用時(shí)，則又可構(gòu)成虛擬語(yǔ)氣意為“本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事卻沒(méi)做”。例如：（4）It’sseveno’clock.Jackshould/oughttobehereatanymoment.現(xiàn)在七點(diǎn)鐘了，杰克理應(yīng)隨時(shí)到達(dá)。（推想）（5）Sheshould/oughttohaveattendedyourbirthdayparty,butshehadtolookafterhermotherinhospital.（虛擬）她本該出席你的生日晚會(huì)的，可是她得在醫(yī)院照看她媽媽。（6）Tomshouldnot/oughtnottohavetoldmeyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.（虛擬）湯姆本不該告知我你的隱私，可是他并無(wú)惡意。（六）功能助動(dòng)詞(auxiliary)主要有兩類：基本助動(dòng)詞(primaryauxiliary)和情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞(modalauxiliary)?；局鷦?dòng)詞有三個(gè)：do,have和be；情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞基本的有十四個(gè)：may,might;can,could;will,would;shall,should;must,need,dare,usedto,oughtto.hadbetter上述兩類助動(dòng)詞的共同特征是，在幫助主動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成限定動(dòng)詞詞組時(shí)，具有作用詞的功能：1）構(gòu)成否定式：Hedidn'tgoandneitherdidshe.Themeetingmightnotstartuntil5o'clock.2）構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式或附加疑問(wèn)式：Mustyouleaverightnow?YouhavebeenlearningFrenchfor5years,haven'tyou?3）構(gòu)成修辭倒裝：Nowherecanheobtainanyinformationabouthissister.Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining.4）代替限定動(dòng)詞詞組：A:Whocansolvethiscrosswordpuzzle?B:Tomcan.A:ShallIwritetohim?B:Yes,do.重點(diǎn)疑難（一）need和dare的用法

need和dare既可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用于各種句式。

1.用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

--Need

I

come?

--Yes,

you

must.

--我須要來(lái)嗎？

--須要。

You

needn′t

telephone

him

now.

你現(xiàn)在不必打電話給他。

I

don′t

think

you

need

worry.

我想你不必發(fā)愁。She

dare

not

go

out

alone

at

night.

她晚上不敢一個(gè)人出去。

How

dare

you

say

I′m

unfair?

你竟敢說(shuō)我不公允？Not

one

of

them

dared

mention

this.

他們誰(shuí)也不敢提這件事。

2.用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞

You

don′t

need

to

do

it

yourself.

你不必親自做這件事。

We

need

to

tell

them

the

news.

我們須要把這消息告知他們。

The

table

needs

painting

(to

be

painted.).

桌子須要油漆一下。

We

should

dare

to

give

our

own

opinion.

我們要敢于提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。

He

did

not

dare

(to)

look

up.

他不敢抬頭看。

I

dare

day

he′ll

come

again.

我想他會(huì)再來(lái)的。

（cI

dare

say…為固定習(xí)語(yǔ)）

（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟完成式和進(jìn)行式的用法

1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟完成式，表“應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)……”，“想必已經(jīng)……”，“原來(lái)可以……”等意。

I

should

have

finished

the

work

earlier.

我應(yīng)當(dāng)早一點(diǎn)完成這項(xiàng)工作的。He

isn′t

here.

He

must

have

missed

the

train.

他還未到，確定是沒(méi)趕上火車。

Where

can

(could)

he

have

gone?

他能到那里去了呢？

You

may

(might)

have

read

about

it.

你可能在報(bào)上已經(jīng)讀到這件事了。

You

could

(might)

have

been

more

careful.

你原來(lái)可以更細(xì)心的。

He

needn′t

have

worried

about

it.

他本不必為此事?lián)鷳n。

There

was

a

lot

of

fun

at

yesterday′s

party.

You

ought

to

have

come,

but

why

didn′t

you

昨天的聚會(huì)特別有意思。你本應(yīng)當(dāng)來(lái)，為何不來(lái)呢？

2.

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟進(jìn)行式，表示“想必正在……”，“可能正在……”，“應(yīng)當(dāng)正在”等意。

It′s

twelve

o′clock.

They

must

be

having

lunch.

現(xiàn)在是十二點(diǎn)。他們確定正在吃飯。

They

may

be

discussing

this

problem.

他們可能正在論討這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

He

can′t

be

telling

the

truth.

他說(shuō)的不行能是真話。

She

shouldn′t

be

working

like

that.

She′s

still

so

weak.

她不應(yīng)當(dāng)那樣干，她身體仍那么虛。

（三）幾組詞的辨異

1.

can

和be

able

to

1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can只有兩種時(shí)態(tài)形式，現(xiàn)在式can和過(guò)去式could，而be

able

to有多種時(shí)態(tài)形式。

Mary

can

play

the

piano.

She

has

been

able

to

play

it

since

she

was

5.

瑪麗會(huì)彈鋼琴。她五歲起就會(huì)彈了。2）用在過(guò)去時(shí)中，could常常表示能夠做某事，事實(shí)上不確定去做，而was∕were

able

to則表示“過(guò)去做成了某事”。在否定句中兩者可通用。

He

could

swim

across

the

English

Channel.

But

he

didn′t

feel

like

it

that

day.

他能游過(guò)英吉利海峽，但那天他不想游。

Yesterday

I

was

able

to

get

home

before

the

heavy

rain.

昨天我在下大雨前趕到了家里。

2.

must和

have

to

must表示主觀意志，而have

to表示由于客觀因素不得不做某事。must沒(méi)有過(guò)去式，除在間接引語(yǔ)中可用于表示過(guò)去時(shí)間，在干脆引語(yǔ)中表示過(guò)去時(shí)間應(yīng)當(dāng)用had

to代替。I

told

her

that

she

must

give

up

smoking.

我叫她必需戒煙。

We

had

to

get

everything

ready

that

night.

我們那晚得把一切打算就緒。3.

would和used

to

1）used

to表示過(guò)去與現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去某時(shí)與后來(lái)的狀況有不同，而would只表過(guò)去的狀況。People

used

to

think

that

the

earth

was

flat.

過(guò)去人們認(rèn)為地球是平的。（現(xiàn)在人們不這么認(rèn)為。）

She

would

go

out

for

a

walk

in

the

morning

when

she

was

in

the

country.

在鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)，她總是在早晨去散會(huì)兒步。（可能現(xiàn)在仍有漫步的習(xí)慣。）

2）used

to可表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作和常常的狀況，而would只表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。

He

used

to

∕would

smoke

while

writing.

過(guò)去他寫(xiě)東西時(shí)常抽煙。

She

used

to

be

fat.

她過(guò)去很胖

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（一）1.

I

__________

you,

because

I

thought

I

must

be

wrong.

A.

dare

not

ask

B.

dare

not

to

ask

C.

dare

not

asking

D.

dare

to

not

ask

2.

There

__________

some

flowers

in

the

garden.

A.

were

used

to

be

B.

used

to

be

C.

uses

to

be

D.

used

to

be

having

3.

“__________

I

take

it

out?”

“I′m

sorry,

you

__________.”

A.

Could

…couldn′t

B.

Might…might

not

C.

Could…can

D.

May…can′t

4.

You

were

stupid

to

climb

the

tree.

You

__________

hurt

yourself.

A.

may

B.

might

C.

will

D.

might

have

5.

You

__________

those

letters.

Why

didn′t

you

?

A.

should

post

B.

should

have

posted

C.

must

have

posted

D.

ought

to

post.

6.

All

the

lights

are

on,

the

Smiths

__________

up.

A.

must

get

B.

is

getting

C.

must

be

getting

D.

would

get

7.

He

__________

lead

a

horse

to

the

water

but

he

__________

not

make

it

drink.

A.

will…can

B.

may…can

C.

may…dares

D.

dare…can

8.

“Need

we

do

this

job

now?”

“Yes,

__________.”

A.

you

need

B.

you

should

C.

you

must

D.

you

can

9.

__________

to

have

lunch

with

us

today?

A.

Do

you

likes

B.

Would

you

like

C.

Will

you

liked

D.

Have

you

liked

10.

He

said

that

you

__________

watch

TV

all

the

evening

if

you

wished.

A.

may

B.

must

C.

can

D.

might

11.

–Is

John

coming

by

train?

--He

should,

but

he

__________

not.

He

likes

driving

his

car.

A.

must

B.

can

C.

need

D.

may

12.

Peter

__________

come

with

us

tonight,

but

he

isn′t

very

sure

yet.

A.

must

B.

can

C.

may

D.

will

13.

Michael

__________

be

a

policeman,

for

he′s

much

too

short.

A.

needn′t

B.

can′t

C.

shouldn′t

D.

won′t

14.

I

thought

you

__________

be

hungry,

so

I

have

brought

you

some

cakes.

A.

may

B.

might

C.

can

D.

could

15.

I

wonder

how

he

__________

that

to

the

teacher.

A.

dare

to

say

B.

dare

saying

C.

not

dare

say

D.

dared

say

16.

Come

on!

We

__________

hurry

because

there

isn′t

much

time

left.

A.

mayB.

must

C.

can

D.

need

17.

Amy

did

best

in

the

English

test.

She

__________

hard

last

week.

A.

must

have

working

B.

should

have

worked

C.

should

work

D.

must

work

18.

The

fire

spread

through

the

hotel

very

quickly

but

everyone

__________

get

out.

A.

had

to

B.

would

C.

could

D.

was

able

to

19.

–--I

stayed

at

a

hotel

while

in

New

York.

---Oh,

did

you?

You

__________

with

Barbara.A.

could

have

stayed

B.

could

stay

C.

would

stay

D.

must

have

stayed

20.

It′s

nearly

seven

o′clock.

Jack

__________

be

here

at

any

moment.

A.

must

B.

need

C.

should

D.

can

答案：

1.A2.B3.D4.D5.B6.C7.B8.C9.B10.D11.D12.C13.B14.B15.D16.B17.A18.D19.A20.

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（二）1.Jeanhavekepthispromise.Iwonderwhyhechangedhisidea.A.must B.should C.need D.would2.Janehavecometotheparty,butshenotfindtheexacttime.A.could;could B.might;could C.should;could D.should;would3.Somanymistakesinyourhomework!Youmorecareful.A.maybe B.hadto C.wouldbe D.shouldhavebeen4．Herbrotherbeathomenow,becausehewasseenplayingbasketballinthestadiumjustnow.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn't5．---Ican’tunderstandwhyourbossislate.---Hetheearlybus.A.couldmiss B.mayhavemissedC.canhavemissed D.mightmiss6.Shedidn'tanswerthephone,she______asleep.A.maybe B.mustbe C.shouldhavebeen D.musthavebeen7．Thelittlegirl’seyeswerered.She______.A.maycry B.mustcry C.mustbecried D.musthavebeencrying8．He______hissuppernow,forthedininghallisstillclosed.A.can’tbehaving B.needn’tbehavingC.mustn’tbehavingD.shouldn'tbehaving9．Iparkedmybikebehindthebuilding,butnowitisgone.It________.A.maybestolenB.mustbestolenC.musthavebeenstolenD.musthavestolen10.______Mr.Black_______gotoworkbyferrybeforethebridgewasbuilt?A.Did;usedto B.Use;to C.Did;useto D.Does;useto11.Thehotelisonlyastone’sthrowaway,you______takeabus.A.neednotto B.notneedto C.don'tneed D.neednot12.Iambusynow,_______mybrotherdoitforyou?A.Will B.Shall C.Must D.May13.---Youneedn’tdoitrightnow,needyou?---YesIamafraidI______.A.need B.needn’t C.must D.mustn’t14.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who_____havetakenit?(2003年上海春季高考)A.should B.must C.could D.would15.---Theroomissodirty._______wecleanit?----Ofcourse.(2003年北京春季高考)A．Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do16.Ifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo,you______wasteanytime.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.maynot D.won’t17.Ifyouwanttoborrowafootballafterschool,yourstudentcard______here.A.hastoleave B.mustleave C.hastobeleft D.mustbeleft18.“Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness?”“Yes,but_____it”A.I’drathernotdo B.I’drathernothavedoneC.Ishouldn’tdo D.I’dbetternotdo19.“Don’tgetneartoit.Itistoodangerous!”“_______”.A.Yes,Iwon’t B.No,Idon’t C.No,Ican’t D.No,Iwon’t20.Hemustbeintheclassroom,_______he?A.mustn’t B.can’t C.isn’t D.can21.He________beinthegarden.Hemustbeintheroom.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.willnot D.maynot22.“Doyouhavetoleavenow?”“Iamverysorry,butIreally______.”A.can’t B.have C.should D.must23.“Let’sgotothelibrary,shallwe?”“_________?”A.No,Ican’t B.Yes,Iwill C.Yes,thankyou D.No,we’dbetternot24.“CanItakeitaway?” “You______betternot.”A.should B.could C.would D.had25.You_______havebroughtyourcamera.Theyallhadtheirswiththem.A.couldn’t B.needn’t C.wouldn’t D.mustn’t26.Seewhoisthere!______itbeMay?A.May B.Must C.Can D.Will27.John______beabasketballplayer.Heismuchtooshort.A.may B.mustn’t C.can’t D.should28.TheChineseteacherlookssopale.She______beill.A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.need29.Something______tosaveourearth.Doyouthinkso?A.cando B.mustdo C.hastodo D.mustbedone30.Lookatwhatyouhavedone!You______bemorecareful.A.ought B.can C.would D.should專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（三）1.—HasLiLinstarted?Hesaidhewouldjoinintheparty.

—He______.Heisamanofkeepinghisword.

A.couldhaveleft

B.musthaveleft

C.can’tcome

D.won’tbecoming

2.—MayIparkmycarhere?—No,you______.Nocarisallowedtoparkhere.

A.maynot

B.needn’t

C.mustn’t

D.daren’t

3.—Excuseme,couldyoutellmewheretheYajiaSupermarketis?

—It’stwoblocksstraightahead.You______missit.

A.mustn’t

B.can’t

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t

4.—IsawMr.SunatTongyuStationthismorning.—You______.He’sstillonholidayinHawaii.

A.couldn’thave

B.mustn’thave

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t

5.—HowaboutpayingavisittoDr.Wang,ourformerChineseteacher?

—Goodidea.Iwille-mailhimtodaysothathe______know______toexpectus.

A.shall;why

B.could;whenC.would;what

D.will;how

6.Everythinghastwosides.Beautifulsongs,sometimes,______bejustnoisetoothers.

A.must

B.may

C.should

D.could

7.Someone______myumbrella.Ifounditwetyesterday.

A.mustbeusing

B.musthaveused

C.mustuse

D.musthavebeenusing

8.—Howdangerousitwas!—Yes,butforthepasser-by’squickaction,thegirl______.

A.wasdrowned

B.couldhavebeendrownedC.haddrowned

D.shouldbedrowned

9.You____scoldsuchapupilwhoalwayskeepssilentsoseriouslythatyou_____hurthim.

A.should;can

B.may;will

C.mustn’t;may

D.can’t;must

10.—WhydoesAliceknowsomuchaboutAngkorWat?—She______havebeenthere,or...

A.must

B.oughtn’tto

C.may

D.can’t

11.—Youmaylaugh,butI’vebeenthinkingofbecomingavegetarian.—Oh,you______becrazy.Youwillbehungryallthetime.

A.must

B.may

C.will

D.need

12.—What’sthematterwithyou?

—Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I______somuchfriedfishjustnow.

A.shouldn’teat

B.mustn’thaveeaten

C.shouldn’thaveeaten

D.mustn’teat

13.—______hehavebeenchosenascaptainofthefootballteam?—Yes,he______.

A.Can;musthave

B.Must;musthave

C.Can;must

D.Must;must

14.Mr.Zhang______inShanghaitomorrowmorning.

A.canhavearrived

B.willhavearrived

C.mayhavearrived

D.musthavearrived

15.MissWangstartedat8o’clock,andshe______betherenow.

A.should

B.can

C.can’t

D.need

16.—ItmustbeMr.Liwhodidit.—No,it______beMr.Li.

A.mustn’t

B.wouldn’t

C.can’t

D.may17.You______finishreadingthebookassoonaspossible.

A.may

B.can

C.need

D.should

18.—Needyougotoworknow?—Yes,I______.

A.must

B.need

C.can

D.dare

19.Yourtrousersaredirty.______themforyou?

A.ShallIwash

B.WillIwashC.AmIgoingtowash

D.AmIwashing

20.Youarelateforschooltoday.You______toschoolearlier.

A.oughttocome

B.shouldhavecome

C.oughthavecome

D.shouldcome

21.WemustlearnfromLeiFeng,______we?

A.may

B.can’t

C.don’t

D.needn’t

22.Shemustbehungry,______she?

A.isn’t

B.needn’t

C.doesn’t

Dwon’t

23.Heoughttocomehereearly,______he?

A.would

B.should

C.didn’t

D.shouldn’t

24.Youusedtosmoke,______you?

A.usedto

B.don’t

C.didn’t

D.shouldn’t25.Youought______forwhatyouhaven’tdone.

A.nottobepunished

B.notbepunished

C.tonotpunished

D.tonotbepunished

26.______youpleasetellmethewaytothepostoffice?

A.Must

B.Need

C.Would

D.Should

27.I’msurehe______havethecomputersoonerorlater.

A.shall

B.can

C.must

D.would

28.Itisimportantthatwe______learnhowtodrive.

A.haveto

B.should

C.need

D.shall

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（四）1.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.She_____atthemeeting.

A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespoken

C.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken

2.Oneought_____forwhatonehasn’tdone.

A.nottobepunishedB.tonotbepunished

C.tonotpunishedD.notbepunished

3.Ifyoureallywantyourselftobeingoodhealth,youmust___always___somuch.

A.not;besmokingB.not;havesmoked

C.not;tosmokeD.benot;smoking

4.Withsomuchworkonhand,you_____toseethegamelastnight.

A.mustn’tgoB.shouldn’tgoC.couldn’thavegoneD.shouldn’thavegone

5.MostofthestudentsfeltratherdisappointedattheEnglishparty.Theysaythatit______betterorganized.

A.hadbeenB.hadtobeC.musthavebeenD.couldhavebeen

6.I’msurprisedthathe_____intheexam.

A.shouldfailB.wouldhavefailedC.mayhavefailedD.shouldhavefailed

7.Thelittlegirl_____therealone.

A.notdaregoB.daresnotgoC.darenotgoD.darenottogo

8.“Mustwedoitnow?”“No,you_____.”

A.won’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.don’t

9.Hesaidhewouldrathernot_____itrightnow.

A.doingB.todoC.doD.tobedoing

10.You_____tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.

A.needn’ttocomeB.don’tneedcomeC.don’tneedcomingD.needn’tcome

11.Putonmoreclothes.You_____befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

A.canB.couldC.wouldD.must

12.I_____playfootballthanbaseball.

A.wouldratherB.hadbetterC.likebetterD.prefer

13.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.

A.mayB.mightC.couldD.must

14.Therewasplentyoftimes.She_____.

A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurried

C.mustnothurryD.needn’thavehurried

15.Theplantisdead.I_____itmorewater.

A.willgiveB.wouldhavegivenC.mustgiveD.shouldhavegiven

16.You_____returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.

A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot

17.It’sstillearly,you_____.

A.mustn’thurryB.wouldn’thurryC.maynothurryD.don’thavetohurry

18.Pleaseopenthewindow,_____?

A.can’tyouB.aren’tyouC.doyouD.willyou

19.We_____forherbecauseshenevercame.

A.mustn’thavewaitedB.shouldn’thavewaited

C.mustn’twaitD.needn’twait

20.—MayIstophere?—No,you_____.

A.mustn’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.won’t

21.It’safineday.Let’sgofishing,_____.

A.won’tweB.willweC.don’tweD.shallwe

22.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.She_____atthemeeting.

A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespoken

C.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken

23.—Pleasedon’tmakeanoise.—_____.I’llbeasquietasamouse.

A.Yes,Iwon’tB.No,Iwon’tC.No,IwillD.Yes,Iwill

24.Theyoungmanhasmadesomuchnoisethathe_____nothavebeenallowedtoattendtheconcert.

A.couldB.mustC.wouldD.should

25.—WhereisJohn?—He_____inthelibrary.

A.shouldbeB.mustbeC.canbeD.musthavebeen

26.Sincetheroadiswetthismorning,_____lastnight.

A.itmustrainB.itmustberaining

C.itmusthaverainedD.itmusthavebeenrain

27.—Willyourbrotherstayhometonight?

—I’mnotquitesure.He_____tothecinematonight.

A.mustgoB.cangoC.maygoD.maybegoing

28.She’salreadytwohourslate.What______toher?

A.canhavehappenedB.mayhavehappened

C.shouldhavehappenedD.musthappen

29.Youmustbeawriter,_____?

A.mustn’tyouB.areyouC.mustyouD.aren’tyou

30.Igotupearlythatmorning,butI_____sobecauseIhadnoworktodo.

A.mustn’thavedoneB.didn’tneedtodo

C.needn’thavedoneD.can’thavedone

31.He_____havecomehereyesterday,buthedidn’t.

A.couldB.shouldC.oughttoD.alltheabove

32.Imissedthelastbus,soI_____gohomeonfoot.

A.mustB.havetoC.mayD.hadto

33.Heoughttowinthefirstprize,_____he?

A.oughtn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.bothAandB

34.Everyone_____dohisbestforthemodernizationsofourcountry.

A.canB.mayC.shouldD.might

35.Let’scleanourclassroom,_____?

A.willyouB.don’tweC.shallweD.doyou

36.Letusplaybasketball,______?

A.willyouB.don’tweC.shallweD.doyou

37.Heaskedmeforthisbookmanytimes.Pleasetellhimthathe_____haveittomorrow.

A.mustB.mayC.shallD.bothBandC

38.“Yourphonenumberagain?I_____quitecatchit.”“It’s9568442.”

A.didn’tB.couldn’tC.don’tD.can’t

39.Mother_____usstorieswhenwewerechildren.

A.wasusedtotellB.isusedtotellingC.usedtotellD.usedtotelling

40.Shewouldrather_____moremoneyonbooks_____onclothes.

A.cost…notB.tospare…don’tC.pay…thanD.spend…than專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（二）1.解析：選B.“shoul