安徽省六安市高三上學(xué)期質(zhì)量檢測(cè)考試模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

六安市2024年高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)、回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillthewomandothisSaturday?A.Gotothezoo.B.FlytoLondon.C.Seehersisteroff.2.WhatdoesthewomanwantJimtodo?A.Dothelaundry.B.Preparedinner.C.Repairamachine.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthedininghall.B.IntheC.Inthegym.4.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Adifficultquestion.B.Apieceofwriting.C.Aperson.5.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Sorry.B.Disappointed.C.Understanding.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomaneat?A.Somespaghetti.B.Somechicken.C.Abeefsandwich.7.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Orderdishes.B.Callherdoctor.C.Eatanegg.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdidthewomanfinallydealwiththeemail?A.Sherepliedtoit.BSheshowedittothepolice.C.Shetooknonoticeofit.9.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomantodoatlast?A.AvoidusingpublicWiFi.B.Updateapplicationsintime.C.Usespecialpasswords.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.WhichschoolopenedthedoorforUldustostudyphotography?A.TheNorthWestAcademyofPublicAdministration.B.CentralSaintMartins.C.LondonCollegeofFashion.11.WhatisthethemeofmostofUldus’photographs?A.Escapism.B.Heroism.C.Individualism.12.WhatkindofpeopledoesUlduschoosetoworkwith?A.Thosewholiveacolorfullife.B.Thosewhoareverycreative.C.Thosewholeadatoughlife.13.WhatisUldus’attitudetowardsdigitaltechnology?A.Ambiguous.B.Disapproval.C.Supportive.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatanimalsarethespeakerslookingatinthebeginning?A.Somerabbits.B.Somesparrows.C.Somesquirrels.15.Howfarhavethespeakerswalked?A.Around1,000meters.B.Around700meters.C.Around600meters.16.Whatdoesthemanregretdoing?A.Carryinglotsofthings.B.Climbingthemountain.C.Eatingtoomuch.17.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantogiveher?A.Somechocolates.B.Awaterbottle.C.Arubbishbag.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdoweknowabouttheplayersintheVillageSuperLeague?A.Theyallefromthesameethnicgroup.B.Theyplaysoccerintheevening.C.Theyareprofessional.19.Whatdothecheerleadersdobeforeamatchstarts?A.Playsomeinstruments.B.Givedanceperformances.C.Singsomefolksongs.20.Howdoesthespeakersoundintheend?A.Relieved.B.Helpful.C.Grateful.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThebestattractionsinLangkawimakethemostofthenaturallandscapes,hugeparks,andunusualstructuresthatnofirsttimevisitorshouldskipontheirtravelschedules.UnderwaterWorldLangkawiSetalongabeachtown,itishometomorethan500speciesofseacreaturesincludingseals,seahorses,aswellasducks.Oneofthehighlightsisa15metreunderwatertunnel,whereyoucanenjoycloseupviewsofsharks.OpeningHours:MondayFriday9:3018:30;SaturdaySunday9:3022:30PriceRange:RM40(adults)andRM30(childrenaged3to12yearsold)LangkawiWildlifePark&BirdParadiseGreatforfamiliesandanimallovers,ithousesover2,500birdsfrom150speciessuchasmonkeys,foxesandeagles.Italsohostsanimalfeedingactivitiesbetween11:00and16:00.OpeningHours:Daily8:3018:00PriceRange:RM28(adults)andRM18(childrenaged3to12yearsold)ArtinParadiseLangkawiItfeaturesmorethan200impressiveartworksthatappearalmostlifelikewhenphotographed.Praisedasthelargest3DartmuseuminMalaysiaandsecondlargestintheworld,therearenineinteractivezoneswithinthisthreefloorbuilding,includingfantasy,classic,landscapes,andMalaysiazones.OpeningHours:Daily9:0018:00PriceRange:RM38(adults)andRM28(childrenaged3to12yearsold)LagendaLangkawiDalamTamanItisabeautifullylandscapedfolkthemedparkwhereyoucanexploreonfootortakeatourbustolookaround.Theopenair“gardenmuseum”has17colorfulsculpturesdescribingLangkawilegendsincludingoldstoriesofgreatgiantsandbeautifulprincesses.OpeningHours:Daily9:0019:00PriceRange:RM5(adults)andRM2.5(childrenaged3to12yearsold)1.Inwhichattractioncanvisitorsbeinformedofthelocalfolkstories?A.ArtinParadiseLangkawi. B.UnderwaterWorldLangkawi.C.LagendaLangkawiDalamTaman. D.LangkawiWildlifePark&BirdParadise.2.Whatcanvisitorsdointhelocalbeachtown?A.Feedbirdsbefore11:00. B.Enjoycloseupviewsofseacreatures.C.Rideabikeinthegardenmuseum. D.Visitthelargest3Dartmuseumintheworld.3.Howmuchshouldacouplewithaboyaged10paytoenterthe3DartmuseuminLangkawi?A.RM104 B.RM74 C.RM110 D.RM12.5【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了馬來(lái)西亞Langkawi地區(qū)的四個(gè)景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LagendaLangkawiDalamTaman”下的“Theopenair“gardenmuseum”has17colorfulsculpturesdescribingLangkawilegendsincludingoldstoriesofgreatgiantsandbeautifulprincesses.(露天“花園博物館”有17個(gè)彩色雕塑，描述了浮羅交怡的傳說(shuō)，包括巨人和美麗公主的古老故事)”可知，游客可以在LagendaLangkawiDalamTaman了解當(dāng)?shù)氐墓适聜髡f(shuō)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“UnderwaterWorldLangkawi”標(biāo)題下的“Setalongabeachtown,itishometomorethan500speciesofseacreaturesincludingseals,seahorses,aswellasducks.Oneofthehighlightsisa15metreunderwatertunnel,whereyoucanenjoycloseupviewsofsharks.(它坐落在一個(gè)海濱小鎮(zhèn)上，是500多種海洋生物的家園，包括海豹、海馬和鴨子。其中一個(gè)亮點(diǎn)是一條15米長(zhǎng)的水下隧道，在那里你可以近距離欣賞鯊魚(yú))”可知，在當(dāng)?shù)氐暮┬℃?zhèn)，游客可以近距離欣賞到海洋生物。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ArtinParadiseLangkawi”標(biāo)題下的“PriceRange:RM38(adults)andRM28(childrenaged3to12yearsold)(價(jià)格范圍：38令吉（成人）和28令吉（3至12歲兒童）)”可知，一對(duì)夫婦帶一個(gè)10歲男孩進(jìn)入民間主題公園的費(fèi)用是38*2＋28＝104馬來(lái)西亞令吉。故選A。BIfyouhaven’ttakendownyourChristmastreeyet,noworries.Here’sanidea:haveyoueverthoughtabouteatingit?JuliaGeorgallishassomerecipes.Overthelastfiveyears,she’sbeenpreparingcarefullyforChristmasdinnersinLondonwithafriend.“HowcanwemakesomethingsustainablearoundChristmastime?Whatcanwecat?What’sthethingthatnooneeatsandthatsomehowrepresentsChristmas?AndthenwejustdecidedonChristmastrees,”Georgallissays.Sheturneditintoabook,HowtoEatYourChristmasTree.Andherideaisthatit’snotthatodd.SomepeopleenjoyChristmaswine.Somepeopleliketogoshoppingandmostpeoplecangetbehindsavingtheplanet.“WhatIaimedforthisbooktodo,really,wastogetpeoplethinkingabouttheoddwaysthattheycanbemoresustainableintheirdailylives,”Georgallissays.“EatingChristmastreesisn’tgoingtosaveanyanimalsindangerorfreezeanyicecaps.Butifwestarttothinkabouteverythingthatwedoasawhole,thenthatbuildsup,youknow,andthathelps,”shesays.Mostoftherecipesinherbookusetheneedlesfromthetree.“You’dusetheneedleslikeaherb,”shesays.“AnddifferentChristmastreeskindofhavedifferentflavors.They’requitesubtle,buttheydohavedifferentflavors.Sofir(冷杉),whichisareallypopularchoiceofChristmastrees,givespeoplebetterfeelingandatmosphere.Andthenyouhavepine,whichisalittlebitmoredelicate.”Awarning:someChristmastreesarepoisonousifeaten—likecypressandcedars.Andbesureyourtreewasn’tsprayedwithpesticides(殺蟲(chóng)劑)andotherchemicals.“SoifyouhaveanydoubtthatyourChristmastreemightnothavebeengrowntoeat,thenmaybedon’teatit,”Georgallissays.And,ofcourse,don’teventhinkabouteatingyourartificialtree!So,withallthoseinstructionsandwiththeappropriatetree,whatcouldwecook?Well,Georgallis’bookhasallsortsofrecipesfordifferentfoodsanddrinks.Let’sopenuptheworld’scuisinewithsimpleingredients!4.What’sthemainpurposeofGeorgallis’book?A.Totellpeoplenottobuyrealtrees. B.Toinspirepeopletobemoreecofriendly.C.ToteachpeoplehowtoenjoyChristmaswine. D.Toencouragepeopletothrowawayoddtraditions.5.WhichofthefollowingmightGeorgallisagreewith?A.Artificialtreescanalsobecooked.B.EatingChristmastreesdoesgoodtosavinganimals.C.Differenttreeshavedifferentfeaturesandtastes.D.AllChristmastreeshavetheirownwaystobecooked.6.Whatmaybetalkedaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.TipsforchoosingChristmastrees. B.WarningsforcookingChristmasmeals.C.parisonbetweenrealandartificialtrees. D.RecipesfordifferentfoodswithChristmastrees.7.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Anovel. C.Ascientificreport. D.Alifestylemagazine.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了JuliaGeorgallis在她的書(shū)中介紹了一種奇特的環(huán)保方式，用圣誕樹(shù)來(lái)烹飪菜肴?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“WhatIaimedforthisbooktodo,really,wastogetpeoplethinkingabouttheoddwaysthattheycanbemoresustainableintheirdailylives(我寫(xiě)這本書(shū)的目的是讓人們思考在日常生活中更可持續(xù)發(fā)展的奇怪方式)”可知，Georgallis寫(xiě)這本書(shū)的目的是讓人們?nèi)ニ伎家恍┠軌虮３挚沙掷m(xù)性生活的方式，即激勵(lì)人們更加注重環(huán)保。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段““AnddifferentChristmastreeskindofhavedifferentflavors.They’requitesubtle,buttheydohavedifferentflavors.Sofir(冷杉),whichisareallypopularchoiceofChristmastrees,givespeoplebetterfeelingandatmosphere.Andthenyouhavepine,whichisalittlebitmoredelicate.”(“不同的圣誕樹(shù)有不同的味道。味道很清淡，但確實(shí)有不同的味道。所以冷杉是一種非常受歡迎的圣誕樹(shù)，它給人們更好的感覺(jué)和氣氛。然后是松木，松木更脆弱一些?！?”可知，Georgallis認(rèn)為不同的樹(shù)木有不同的特色和風(fēng)味。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Well,Georgallis’bookhasallsortsofrecipesfordifferentfoodsanddrinks.Let’sopenuptheworld’scuisinewithsimpleingredients!(Georgallis的書(shū)里有各種各樣的食物和飲料的食譜。讓我們用簡(jiǎn)單的食材打開(kāi)世界美食的大門(mén)！)”可推知，接下來(lái)最有可能會(huì)介紹不同食物搭配圣誕樹(shù)烹飪的食譜。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了JuliaGeorgallis在她的書(shū)中提出了一種奇特的環(huán)保方式，即可以用圣誕樹(shù)烹飪出一些菜肴。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，這篇文章應(yīng)是出自一本關(guān)于生活方式的雜志。故選D。CResearchersinAustraliahaveidentifiedenzymes(酶)inthebodyofcertainbeetlelarvae(甲蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng))thatcandegradeorbreakdownplastic.InastudypublishedinMicrobialGenomics,theywritethatthese“superworms”couldhelpreduceplasticwasteinthefuture.“Superwormsarelikeminirecyclingplants,cuttingupthepolysyrene(聚苯乙烯)withtheirmouthsandthenfeedingittothebacteriaintheirstomach,”saidChrisRinkefromtheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia.“Thebreakdownproductsfromthisreactioncanthenbeusedbyothermicrobestocreatehighvaluechemicals.”Inthestudy,scientistsdividedbeetlelarvaeintothreegroups,feedingonegroupwheatbran,onepolystyreneandonenothing.Overthreeweeks,theymonitoredtheirgrowth.“Wefoundthatsuperwormsfedadietofjustpolystyrenenotonlysurvived,butevenhadmarginalweightgains,”saidRinke.“Thissuggeststhewormscangetenergyfromthepolystyrene,mostlikelywiththehelpoftheirstomachbacteria.”O(jiān)ntheotherhand,theplasticfedwormsgainedmuchlessweightandwereoverallmuchlesshealthythanthebranfedones,thoughbetteroffthanthestarvationgroup.Afterthreeweeks,somelarvaewerealsosetasidetogrowintobeetles,accordingtothestudy.About93%ofthebranfedlarvaeformedadultworms,whileabout67%oftheplasticfedlarvaeand10%ofthestarvedlarvaeformedadultworms.Theresearchersinvestigatedthesuperworm’sstomachbacteriatofindthespecificenzymeslinkedtoplasticdegradation,writesFionnaM.D.SamuelsforScientificAmerican.Theenzymethatdegradesthepolystyreneappearstolivewiththestomachbacteria,notthewormitself.Polystyreneisoneofthemostmonplasticsusedtoday.Butit’snotverychemicallyreactive,andbreakingitdownwithindustrialrecyclingmethodstakeshighheat.So,researchershavebeenlookingforplasticdegradingenzymesandbacteriaforyears.Furtherresearchwillstillneedtobedonetofigureouthowtoemploytheseworms,bacteriaandenzymesinrecyclingfacilities.8.WhatdoesChrisRinkeparesuperwormsto?A.Smallplants. B.Beetlelarvae. C.Stomachbacteria. D.Highvaluechemicals.9Whatdoestheunderlinedword“marginal”meaninParagraph3?A.Few. B.Tiny. C.Obvious. D.Normal.10.Whatisthesixthparagraphintendedtoshow?A.Thedamageofplastictolife.B.Possiblecausesofplasticpollution.C.Researchers’effortsovertheyearstorecycleplastic.D.Thenecessityoffindingoutawaytodegradeplastic.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toreportanewwaytorecycleplastic. B.Tocallonpeopletoreduceplasticwaste.C.Toexplainhowlarvaecandegradeplastic. D.Tointroducethefindingsofanewresearch.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了澳大利亞研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種能夠降解塑料的甲蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng)體內(nèi)的酶，并詳細(xì)描述了這些“超級(jí)蠕蟲(chóng)”如何幫助減少塑料廢物?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Superwormsarelikeminirecyclingplants,cuttingupthepolysyrene(聚苯乙烯)withtheirmouthsandthenfeedingittothebacteriaintheirstomach,”saidChrisRinkefromtheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia.(澳大利亞昆士蘭大學(xué)的克里斯·林克說(shuō)：“超級(jí)蠕蟲(chóng)就像小型回收工廠，用嘴把聚苯乙烯切碎，然后把它喂給胃里的細(xì)菌。”)”可知，克里斯·林克把超級(jí)蠕蟲(chóng)比作小型回收工廠。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Thissuggeststhewormscangetenergyfromthepolystyrene,mostlikelywiththehelpoftheirstomachbacteria.(這表明蠕蟲(chóng)可以從聚苯乙烯中獲取能量，很可能是在它們胃部細(xì)菌的幫助下)”以及第四段“Ontheotherhand,theplasticfedwormsgainedmuchlessweightandwereoverallmuchlesshealthythanthebranfedones,thoughbetteroffthanthestarvationgroup.(另一方面，塑料喂養(yǎng)的蠕蟲(chóng)體重增加得更少，總體上也比麩皮喂養(yǎng)的蠕蟲(chóng)健康得多，盡管比饑餓組要好)”可知，塑料喂養(yǎng)的蠕蟲(chóng)體重增加得更少，所以前文應(yīng)是吃聚苯乙烯的超級(jí)蠕蟲(chóng)也是體重增加，但是不大，所以才說(shuō)更少，推知marginal意為“極小的”之意，和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Polystyreneisoneofthemostmonplasticsusedtoday.Butit’snotverychemicallyreactive,andbreakingitdownwithindustrialrecyclingmethodstakeshighheat.So,researchershavebeenlookingforplasticdegradingenzymesandbacteriaforyears.(聚苯乙烯是當(dāng)今最常用的塑料之一。但它的化學(xué)反應(yīng)性不強(qiáng)，用工業(yè)回收方法分解它需要很高的熱量。因此，研究人員多年來(lái)一直在尋找塑料降解酶和細(xì)菌)”可知，本文主要講述了聚苯乙烯的工業(yè)回收方法成本很高，所以研究人員多年來(lái)一直在尋找塑料降解酶和細(xì)菌，所以本段主要講述找到一種方法來(lái)降解塑料的必要性。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ResearchersinAustraliahaveidentifiedenzymes(酶)inthebodyofcertainbeetlelarvae(甲蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng))thatcandegradeorbreakdownplastic.InastudypublishedinMicrobialGenomics,theywritethatthese“superworms”couldhelpreduceplasticwasteinthefuture.(澳大利亞的研究人員已經(jīng)在某些甲蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng)體內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)了可以降解或分解塑料的酶。在發(fā)表在《微生物基因組學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)研究中，他們寫(xiě)道，這些“超級(jí)蠕蟲(chóng)”未來(lái)可以幫助減少塑料垃圾)”以及縱觀前文可知，本文主要澳大利亞研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種能夠降解塑料的甲蟲(chóng)幼蟲(chóng)體內(nèi)的酶，所以本文的目的是介紹一項(xiàng)新研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。DThereisnodoubtthatwhenyoureceiveapliment,youfeelgoodandwhenyoureceiveacriticism,youfeelupsetandwanttorefuseit.Youshouldn’tbesurprisedbyyourreactiontothenegativement,asit’shuman’ssurvivalmechanismtoavoidbeingcriticized.Clearly,wedon’twanttobeseenasfailures,sowe’drathershutoureyesandcoverourearsthanhavetotakeanycriticismsfromothers.Imagineyou’relearningtoplaytheguitar,andyouhavejustdoneyourfirstpublicperformance.Yourteachersays,“Youdidwell,”whichmaynotbeasusefulinhelpingyouimproveyourperformanceskillsas“Yourtimingneedssomework.”SoIbelievethatcriticismsarebetterthanpliments.Noonewouldarguethathealthynutritionisabadthing.However,toomuchfoodordrink—nomatterhowhealthytheymaybe—canmakeusill.Toomanyplimentstakeusawayfromouroriginalenthusiasmofenjoyinganactivity.Westartdoingtheactivityonlyforthesakeofreceivingselfsatisfyingpraise.Withouttheexpectationofpraise,ourenthusiasmtopletethingsbeginstobelost.Launchedin2010,MicrosoftKINonlylastedonthemarketfor48days.Itwasveryobviousthatmost15to30yearoldspreferredAndroids,BlackBerrysandiPhonestotheMicrosoftKIN.Ifcriticismandfeedbackfromthetargetgrouphadbeenreceivedwhilethephonewasindevelopment,MicrosoftKINcouldhaveavoidedthehugeembarrassmentanditsfinalfailure.Justtobeclear,I’mtalkingaboutconstructivecriticism,whichIliketothinkofas“healthycriticism”.Therightkindofcriticismishonestfeedbackthatwillbenefityou.Feedbackforcesyoutoreconsideryouractionsandthewayyouwork.Ifyouuseconstructivecriticismwisely,itcanguideyouawayfrombadpractices,givingyousupportandcouragetomoveforwardtobeabetterpersoninthefuture.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutplimentandcriticisminParagraph1?A.People’sresponsetothem. B.People’swaystoexpressthem.C.People’sunderstandingofthem. D.People’sdifferentopinionsonthem.13.Howwouldpeoplebewhenreceivingtoomanypliments?A.Moreannoyed. B.Moresatisfied. C.Lessworried. D.Lessinterested.14.Howcanhealthycriticismbehelpfulaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Toencouragegrowth. B.Todevelopintelligence.C.Toavoidembarrassment. D.Toreduceenthusiasm.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Criticismsarebetterthanpliments.B.Constructivecriticismcontributestobetterfuture.C.Honestfeedbackesfromhealthycriticism.D.Enoughenthusiasmisvitalforfurtherdevelopment.【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了人們對(duì)贊美和批評(píng)有不同的反應(yīng)，但是太多的贊美會(huì)讓人們失去興趣，因此建設(shè)性的批評(píng)才有助于成為更好的人?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thereisnodoubtthatwhenyoureceiveapliment,youfeelgoodandwhenyoureceiveacriticism,youfeelupsetandwanttorefuseit.(毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，當(dāng)你收到贊美時(shí)，你會(huì)感覺(jué)很好，當(dāng)你收到批評(píng)時(shí)，你會(huì)感到沮喪，想要拒絕它)”可知，第一段說(shuō)明了人們對(duì)贊美和批評(píng)反應(yīng)。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Toomanyplimentstakeusawayfromouroriginalenthusiasmofenjoyinganactivity.(太多的贊美會(huì)讓我們遠(yuǎn)離最初享受一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的熱情)”可知，當(dāng)人們收到太多的贊美時(shí)會(huì)不那么感興趣了。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therightkindofcriticismishonestfeedbackthatwillbenefityou.Feedbackforcesyoutoreconsideryouractionsandthewayyouwork.Ifyouuseconstructivecriticismwisely,itcanguideyouawayfrombadpractices,givingyousupportandcouragetomoveforwardtobeabetterpersoninthefuture.(正確的批評(píng)是對(duì)你有益的誠(chéng)實(shí)反饋。反饋會(huì)迫使你重新考慮自己的行為和工作方式。如果你明智地使用建設(shè)性的批評(píng)，它可以引導(dǎo)你遠(yuǎn)離不良習(xí)慣，給你支持和勇氣，讓你在未來(lái)成為一個(gè)更好的人)”可知，健康的批評(píng)可以鼓勵(lì)成長(zhǎng)。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Justtobeclear,I’mtalkingaboutconstructivecriticism,whichIliketothinkofas“healthycriticism”.Therightkindofcriticismishonestfeedbackthatwillbenefityou.Feedbackforcesyoutoreconsideryouractionsandthewayyouwork.Ifyouuseconstructivecriticismwisely,itcanguideyouawayfrombadpractices,givingyousupportandcouragetomoveforwardtobeabetterpersoninthefuture.(澄清一下，我說(shuō)的是建設(shè)性的批評(píng)，我認(rèn)為這是“健康的批評(píng)”。正確的批評(píng)是對(duì)你有益的誠(chéng)實(shí)反饋。反饋會(huì)迫使你重新考慮自己的行為和工作方式。如果你明智地使用建設(shè)性的批評(píng)，它可以引導(dǎo)你遠(yuǎn)離不良習(xí)慣，給你支持和勇氣，讓你在未來(lái)成為一個(gè)更好的人)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了人們對(duì)贊美和批評(píng)有不同的反應(yīng)，但是太多的贊美會(huì)讓人們失去興趣，因此建設(shè)性的批評(píng)才有助于成為更好的人?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)“建設(shè)性的批評(píng)有助于更美好的未來(lái)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ambitiouspeopleinthebusinessmunitystronglydesireacplishmentsandarewillingtotakemorerisksandspendmoreeffortstogetthem.Overall,thisisapositivequality,especiallyforpeopletryingtobuildtheirownbusinesses.____16____Actually,thisisn’talwaysthecase.____17____Onemajorsideeffectofextremeambitionisthetendencytofocustoomuchonanendgoaltoadapttonewcircumstances.Ifanewpetitoremergestothreatenyourbusiness,youmayneedtochangedirection,evenifthatmeansgettingawayfromyouroriginalvision.Ifyouhavetoomuchambition,you’llfindthishard,ifnotimpossible.Fewpeoplearesuccessfulwhentheytrytobuildtheirfirstbrand.Unfortunately,forthemostambitiousbusinessmen,afailureisseenasdisastrous.andimpossibletorecoverfrom.____18____Remember:failureisunavoidableandeveryfailureyousurviveisalearningexperience.____19____However,they’reonlyslightlyhappierthantheirnonambitiouspeers,andtendtolivesignificantlyshorterlives.Thisimpliesthateventhoughambitiouspeoplearemorelikelytoachieveconventional“success”,suchsuccessmeansnothingfortheirhealthandhappiness.Clearly,someamountofambitionisgoodforyourmotivation.____20____Buttoomuchambitioncanalsobedangerous,puttingyouatriskofburnout,stubbornnessandevenashorterlife.A.It’sacleardeparturefromtheintendedplantowardtheintendedgoal.B.Ambitiouspeopletakehealthandhappinessforgrantediftheydon’thavethem.C.Infact,insomecases,extremeambitionmayendupdoingmoreharmthangood.D.Ambitiouspeopletendtobemoresuccessfulinwealththantheirnonambitiouspeers.E.Apparently,ifyou’remorenaturallydriventosetgoals,youaremorelikelytosucceed.F.Forpeoplewithlimitedambition,however,failureisviewedassomethingclosertoreality.G.Withoutanyambition,youwouldn’tstartyourownbusiness,setorachievegoalsandgetfarinlife.【答案】16.E17.C18.F19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了有抱負(fù)的人的特點(diǎn)以及有抱負(fù)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ambitiouspeopleinthebusinessmunitystronglydesireacplishmentsandarewillingtotakemorerisksandspendmoreeffortstogetthem.Overall,thisisapositivequality,especiallyforpeopletryingtobuildtheirownbusinesses.(在商界，雄心勃勃的人強(qiáng)烈渴望成就，愿意承擔(dān)更多的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，付出更多的努力來(lái)獲得成就?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，這是一種積極的品質(zhì)，尤其是對(duì)那些試圖建立自己的企業(yè)的人來(lái)說(shuō))”可知，上文提到有抱負(fù)的人渴望成功，本句為本段最后一句，故總結(jié)這些人能取得成功的特質(zhì)。故E選項(xiàng)“顯然，如果你更自然地去設(shè)定目標(biāo)，你就更有可能成功”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Actually,thisisn’talwaysthecase.(事實(shí)上，情況并非總是如此)”以及后文“Onemajorsideeffectofextremeambitionisthetendencytofocustoomuchonanendgoaltoadapttonewcircumstances.Ifanewpetitoremergestothreatenyourbusiness,youmayneedtochangedirection,evenifthatmeansgettingawayfromyouroriginalvision.Ifyouhavetoomuchambition,you’llfindthishard,ifnotimpossible.(極端野心的一個(gè)主要副作用是傾向于過(guò)分關(guān)注最終目標(biāo)而不去適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。如果一個(gè)新的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手出現(xiàn)威脅到你的業(yè)務(wù)，你可能需要改變方向，即使這意味著要離開(kāi)你最初的愿景。如果你野心太大，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這很難，如果不是不可能的話)”可知，后文提到了極端野心的弊端，故主要是說(shuō)明極端野心的缺點(diǎn)。故C選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，在某些情況下，極端的野心可能最終弊大于利”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Fewpeoplearesuccessfulwhentheytrytobuildtheirfirstbrand.Unfortunately,forthemostambitiousbusinessmen,afailureisseenasdisastrous.andimpossibletorecoverfrom.(很少有人在嘗試建立自己的第一個(gè)品牌時(shí)取得成功。不幸的是，對(duì)于大多數(shù)雄心勃勃的商人來(lái)說(shuō)，失敗被視為災(zāi)難性的，而且無(wú)法恢復(fù))”以及后文“Remember:failureisunavoidableandeveryfailureyousurviveisalearningexperience.(記?。菏∈遣豢杀苊獾?，每一次失敗都是一次學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)歷)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出失敗對(duì)有抱負(fù)的人的消極影響。故F選項(xiàng)“然而，對(duì)于野心有限的人來(lái)說(shuō)，失敗被視為更接近現(xiàn)實(shí)的事情”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“However,they’reonlyslightlyhappierthantheirnonambitiouspeers,andtendtolivesignificantlyshorterlives.Thisimpliesthateventhoughambitiouspeoplearemorelikelytoachieveconventional“success”,suchsuccessmeansnothingfortheirhealthandhappiness.(然而，他們只比沒(méi)有野心的同齡人稍微快樂(lè)一點(diǎn)，而且往往壽命短得多。這意味著，盡管雄心勃勃的人更有可能獲得傳統(tǒng)意義上的“成功”，但這種成功對(duì)他們的健康和幸福毫無(wú)意義)”可知，后文與本句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明有野心的人成功的方面，后文則指出失敗的方面。故D選項(xiàng)“有野心的人往往比沒(méi)有野心的人在財(cái)富方面更成功”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Clearly,someamountofambitionisgoodforyourmotivation.(顯然，一定程度的野心對(duì)你的動(dòng)力是有好處的)”以及后文“Buttoomuchambitioncanalsobedangerous,puttingyouatriskofburnout,stubbornnessandevenashorterlife.(但野心太大也可能是危險(xiǎn)的，它會(huì)讓你精疲力竭、變得固執(zhí)，甚至壽命更短)”可知，本句承接上文，說(shuō)明一定程度野心的具體好處。故G選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有雄心壯志，你就不會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)，不會(huì)設(shè)定或?qū)崿F(xiàn)目標(biāo)，也不會(huì)在生活中走得更遠(yuǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。BriePetershadapassionformusic.Shegrewupsinginginschoolchoirs,learningpianoand____21____peoplewithhermusicalabilities.Itwasalmosta____22____forhertopursueadegreeinmusic,althoughsherecallsnowthatshealsothoughtaboutgoinginto____23____atthattime.Butmanypeopleinherlife____24____hertomajorinvocalperformance,soshedid.“IalwaysfeltlikeIwastoldwhattodo,neverhavingachoiceformyself,”sherecalls.Hermusiccareershowedinstant____25____aftershegraduatedfromcollege.Shesanginfrontofthousandofpeopleworldwide.Butsoonshebegantofeelthattherewasmoreshecoulddo.“Workingwiththousandsofpeopleinlargegroups____26____atimewasn’t____27____enoughforme,”shesays.“I____28____theeyecontactandthepersonalcarethattrulymakesadifference,”Sheadds.Shewastednotimeandbegan____29____herdegreeinnursingrightaway.Petersisnowcelebratingher____30____intotheMasterofNursingprogramattheUniversityofMinnesota.She’s____31____beginninghernursingjourneylater.Sheadmitsthatnursingishardworkandcanbe____32____,buthas____33____doubtedthatit’sworthit.“Peopleeintoahospital____34____forhelp.Itissuchan____35____tobeapartofthatandspendmylifecaringforthoseinneed,”shesays.21.A.stimulating B.motivating C.convincing D.astonishing22.A.noexcuse B.nobrainer C.nomotivation D.noexpectation23.A.nursing B.singing C.dancing D.performing24.A.permitted B.helped C.urged D.allowed25.A.effect B.promise C.response D.reaction26.A.for B.in C.at D.on27.A.interesting B.curious C.encouraging D.personal28.A.missed B.resisted C.escaped D.rejected29.A.finding B.investing C.pursuing D.applying30.A.preference B.acceptance C.application D.preparation31.A.lookingforwardto B.lookingupto C.lookingbackon D.lookingdownupon32.A.exciting B.embarrassing C.innovating D.exhausting33.A.ever B.never C.forever D.nevertheless34.A.desperate B.depressed C.deliberate D.nervous35.A.aim B.opportunity C.honor D.inspiration【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了BriePeters雖然有音樂(lè)天賦，但是她渴望個(gè)性化的工作，于是選擇了護(hù)理行業(yè)，期待著以后開(kāi)始她的護(hù)理之旅。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她從小在學(xué)校唱詩(shī)班唱歌，學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴，并以她的音樂(lè)才能震驚人們。A.stimulating促進(jìn)；B.motivating激勵(lì)；C.convincing說(shuō)服；D.astonishing使震驚。根據(jù)后文“peoplewithhermusicalabilities”以及后文人們勸說(shuō)她主修聲樂(lè)，說(shuō)明她的音樂(lè)才能震驚人們。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)，攻讀音樂(lè)學(xué)位幾乎是不假思索的事，盡管她現(xiàn)在回憶說(shuō)，她當(dāng)時(shí)也考慮過(guò)進(jìn)入護(hù)理行業(yè)。A.noexcuse沒(méi)有借口；B.nobrainer無(wú)需用腦的事；C.nomotivation沒(méi)有動(dòng)力；D.noexpectation沒(méi)有期待。根據(jù)上文“BriePetershadapassionformusic.(布里·彼得斯酷愛(ài)音樂(lè))”以及她很有音樂(lè)才能，所以對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)，攻讀音樂(lè)學(xué)位幾乎是不假思索的事。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)，攻讀音樂(lè)學(xué)位幾乎是不假思索的事，盡管她現(xiàn)在回憶說(shuō)，她當(dāng)時(shí)也考慮過(guò)進(jìn)入護(hù)理行業(yè)。A.nursing照顧；B.singing唱歌；C.dancing舞蹈；D.performing表演。根據(jù)后文“herdegreeinnursingrightaway”可知，她考慮過(guò)進(jìn)入護(hù)理行業(yè)。故選A。24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但她生活中的許多人都勸她主修聲樂(lè)表演，所以她這樣做了。A.permitted允許；B.helped幫助；C.urged力勸；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)后文“hertomajorinvocalperformance,soshedid”可知，她生活中的許多人都勸她主修聲樂(lè)表演，所以她這樣做了。故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，她的音樂(lè)事業(yè)立刻有了希望。A.effect影響；B.promise前途；C.response回答；D.reaction反應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“Shesanginfrontofthousandofpeopleworldwide.(她在全世界成千上萬(wàn)的人面前唱歌)”可知，她的音樂(lè)事業(yè)很有前途。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：“一次與成千上萬(wàn)的人一起工作對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)不夠個(gè)人化，”她說(shuō)。A.for為了；B.in在里面；C.at在（表示存在或出現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)、場(chǎng)所、位置、空間）；D.on在上面。根據(jù)上文“Shesanginfrontofthousandofpeopleworldwide.(她在全世界成千上萬(wàn)的人面前唱歌)”可知，此處指一次與成千上萬(wàn)的人一起工作，短語(yǔ)atatime表示“一次”。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“一次與成千上萬(wàn)的人一起工作對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)不夠個(gè)人化，”她說(shuō)。A.interesting有趣的；B.curious好奇的；C.encouraging鼓舞人心的；D.personal個(gè)人的。根據(jù)后文“thepersonalcare”可知，她喜歡個(gè)人化的工作，所以從事了護(hù)理行業(yè)。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我懷念那種真正起作用的眼神交流和個(gè)人關(guān)心，”她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)。A.missed懷念；B.resisted反抗；C.escaped逃走；D.