2020年度大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題模擬答案

大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題答案

資料僅供參考

12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題

Part

Writing(30

minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30

minutestowriteanessayentitledManand

Computerbycommentingonthesaying,“The

realdangerisnotthatthecomputerwillbeginto

thinklikeman,butthatmanwillbegintothink

likethecomputer."Youshouldwriteatleast150

wordsbutnomorethan2。。words.Writeyour

essayonAnswerSheet1.

PartIIListening

Comprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youmilhear8short

conversationsand2longconversations.Atthe

endofeachconversation,oneormorequestions

willbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththe

資料僅供參考

conversationandthequestionsmilbespoken

onlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbea

pause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefour

choicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecide

whichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1witha

singlelinethroughthecentre,

1.A)Shecancountonthemanforhelp.

B)Shecanlendthemanasleepingbag.

C)Shehasotherplansforthisweekend.

D)Shehasgotcampinggearforrent.

2.A)Themanshouldkeephiswords.

B)Karencantakehertotheairport.

C)Karenalwayssupportsheratwork.

D)Sheregretsaskingthemanforhelp.

3.A)HistriptoHawaiihasusedupallhis

money.

B)Heusuallycheckshisbrakesbeforea

trip.

C)HistriptoHawaiiwasnotenjoyable.

D)Hecan'taffordtogotravelingyet.

資料僅供參考

4.A)Therewasnothingleftexceptsomepie.

B)Thewomanisgoingtopreparethe

dinner.

C)Themanhastofindsomethingelseto

eat.

D)Juliehasbeeninvitedfordinner.

5.A)SendProfessorSmithaletter.

B)Applytothreegraduateschools.

C)Presentanewletterofreference.

D)Submitnomorethanthreeletters.

6.A)Heisaprofessionalgardenerintown.

B)Hedeclinestojointhegardeningclub.

C)Hepreferstokeephisgardeningskillsto

himself.

D)Hewishestoreceiveformaltrainingin

gardening.

7.A)Manypeopledonotappreciatemodern

art.

B)Therecentsculptureexhibitwasnotwell

organized.

C)Modernartcannotexpresspeople'strue

feelings.

資料僅供參考

D)Sculptureisnotatypicalformof

modernart.

8.A)Bobcannotcountonhervote.

B)Shewillvoteforanothercandidate.

C)Bobdoesnothavemuchchancetowin.

D)Sheknowstherightpersonforthe

position.

Questions9to12arebasedontheconversation

youhavejustheard.

9.A)Poormanagementofthehospital.

B)Theoutdatedmedicaltesting

procedures.

C)Decisionsmadebytheheadtechnician.

D)Thehealthhazardatherworkplace.

10.A)Cutdownherworkload.

B)Repairthex-rayequipment.

C)Transferhertoanotherdepartment.

D)Allowhertogoonleavefortwomonths.

11.A)Theyarevirtuallyimpossibletoenforce.

B)Neitherisapplicabletothewoman's

case.

資料僅供參考

C)Theirrequirementsmaybedifficultto

meet.

D)Bothofthemhavebeensubjectto

criticism.

12.A)Organizeamassstrike.

B)Trytohelphergetitback.

C)Compensateforherloss.

D)Findherabetterpayingjob.

Questions13to15arebasedontheconversation

youhavejustheard.

13.A)Inthepreparatoryphase.

B)Intheconcludingpart.

C)Instatingyourterms.

D)Ingivingconcessions.

14.A)Heuseslotsofgesturestohelpmakehis

pointsclear.

B)Hepresentshisargumentsina

straightforwardway.

C)Herespondsreadilytotheotherparty's

proposals.

D)Hebehavesinawaycontrarytohisreal

資料僅供參考

intention.

15.A)Bothcansucceeddependingonthe

specificsituation.

B)Thehonesttypeismoreeffectivethan

theactortype.

C)Bothmayfailwhenconfronting

experiencedrivals.

D)Theactortypeworksbetterintough

negotiations.

SectionB

PassageOne

Questions16to19arebasedonthepassageyou

havejustheard.

16.A)Theweightoftheboxesmovingacrossthe

stage.

B)Thenumberoftimesofrepeatingthe

process.

C)Thesizeoftheobjectsshown.

D)Theshapeofthecubesused.

17.A)Girlsseemtostartreasoningearlierthan

資料僅供參考

boys.

B)Girlstendtogetexcitedmoreeasilythan

boys.

C)Boysenjoyplayingwithcubesmorethan

girls.

D)Boyspaymoreattentiontomoving

objectsthangirls.

18.A)Itisabreakthroughinthestudyofthe

nervesystem.

B)Itsfindingsarequitecontrarytoprevious

research.

C)Itsresulthelpsunderstandbabies'

languageability.

D)Itmaystimulatescientiststomake

furtherstudies.

19.A)Theytalkatanearlierage.

B)Theirbonesmatureearlier.

C)Theyarebetterabletoadapttothe

surroundings.

D)Thetwosidesoftheirbraindevelop

simultaneously.

資料僅供參考

PassageTwo

Questions20to22arebasedonthepassageyou

havejustheard.

20.A)Thecity'sgeneralbudgetforthecoming

year.

B)Theblueprintforthedevelopmentofthe

city.

C)Thecontroversyoverthenewoffice

regulations.

D)Thenewsecurityplanforthemunicipal

building.

21.A)Whetherthesecuritycheckswerereally

necessary.

B)Whetherthesecuritycheckswould

createlongqueuesatpeakhours.

C)Howtocopewiththehugecrowdsof

visitorstothemunicipalbuilding.

D)Howtotrainthenewlyrecruited

securityguards.

22.A)Confrontational.

C)Ridiculous.

B)Straightforward.

資料僅供參考

D)Irrelevant.

PassageThree

Questions23to25arebasedonthepassage

youhavejustheard.

23.A)Heconsidershimselfablessedman.

C)HeusedtoworkasaminerinNevada.

B)Heworkshardtosupporthisfivekids.

D)Heoncetaughtatalocalhighschool.

24.A)TobenearertoZac'sschool.

C)Tolookafterhergrandchildren.

B)Tocuttheirlivingexpenses.

D)Tohelpwiththehouseholdchores.

25.A)Skeptical.

C)Indifferent.

B)Realistic.

D)Optimistic

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheara

資料僅供參考

passagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisread

forthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyfor

itsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadfor

thesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillinthe

blankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.

Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethird

time,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.

Mountainclimbingisbecomingapopular

sport,butitisalsoa(26)

dangerousone.Peoplecanfall;theymayalso

becomeill.Oneofthemostcommondangersto

climbersisaltitudesickness,whichcanaffect

evenvery(27)climbers.

Altitudesicknessusuallybeginswhena

climbergoesabove8,000or9,000feet.The

higheroneclimbs,thelessoxygenthereisinthe

air.Whenpeopledon'tgetenoughoxygen,they

oftenbeginto(28).Theymay

alsofeel(29).Besidesthese

symptomsofaltitudesickness,otherssuchas

headacheand(30)mayalso

資料僅供參考

occur.Atheightsofover18,000feet,peoplemay

beclimbingina(31)daze(恍

惚),Thisstateofmindcanhavean(32)

effectontheirjudgment.

Afew(33)canhelpmost

climbersavoidaltitudesickness.Thefirstisnot

togotoohightoofast.Ifyouclimbto10,000feet,

stayatthatheightforadayortwo.Yourbody

needsto(34)ahighaltitude

beforeyouclimbtoanevenhigherone.Orif

youdoclimbhighersooner,comebackdownto

alowerheightwhenyousleep.Also,drink

plentyofliquidsandavoidtobaccoandalcohol.

Whenyoureachyourtopheight,dolight

activitiesratherthansleeptoomuch.You

breathelesswhenyousleep,soyougetless(35)

PartIIIReading

Comprehension(40

minutes)

資料僅供參考

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassage

withtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectone

wordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiven

inawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthe

passagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyour

choices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedby

aletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterfor

eachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthe

wordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowing

passage.

Akeyprocessininterpersonalinteractionis

thatofsocialcomparison,inthatwe36

ourselvesintermsofhowwecomparetoothers.

Inparticular,weengageintwotypesof

comparison.First,wedecidewhetherweare

superiororinferiortoothersoncertain

資料僅供參考

37,suchasattractiveness,intelligence,

popularity,etc.Here,theimportantaspectisto

comparewithanappropriatereferencegroup.

Forexample,38joggersshouldnot

comparetheirperformancewithOlympic

standardmarathon（馬拉松）runners.Second,

wejudgetheextenttowhichwearethesameas

ordifferentfromothers.Atcertainstagesoflife,

39adolescence,thepressuretobeseenas

40topeersisimmense.Thus,wearingthe

rightbrandofclothesorshoesmaybeofthe

utmostimportance.Wealsoneedtoknow

whetherourthoughts,beliefsandideasarein

linewiththoseofotherpeople.Thisispartof

theprocessofself-validationwherebywe

41self-disclosurestoseeksupportforour

self-concept.

Peoplewhodonothave42toagood

listenermaynotonlybedeniedtheopportunity

toheightentheirself-awareness,buttheyare

alsodeniedvaluablefeedbackastothevalidity

andacceptabilityoftheirinnerthoughtsand

資料僅供參考

feelings.By__43thesewithothers,we

receivefeedbackastowhethertheseare

experienceswhichothershaveaswell,or

whethertheyareless44.Furthermore,

by45thereactionstoourself-disclosures

welearnwhattypesareacceptableor

unacceptablewithparticularpeopleandin

specificsituations.

A)rashlyI)discussing

B)dimensionsJ)gauging

C)commonK)comparing

D)especiallyL)modest

E)similarM)different

F)accessN)features

G)evaluateO)appreciate

H)employ

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoread

apassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

資料僅供參考

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgivenin

oneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraph

fromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmay

chooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Each

paragraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthe

questionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet2.

TacticstoSparkCreativity

A)Whyisitthatsomepeopleracktheirbrains

fornewideas,onlytocomeupemptywhile

othersseemtoshakethemalmosteffortlessly

outoftheirsleeves?Whethercreativityisan

innategiftoracognitiveprocessthatanyone

canjump-startisaquestionsointriguingthat

researcherskeepstudyingitfromdifferent

anglesanddiscoveringnewandsurprising

techniques.

B)Severalrecentstudiessuggestthatthebest

routetoan“ahamoment“involvesstepping

awayfromdailychores—whetherifstakinga

daydreambreak,havingadrinkortwoafter

資料僅供參考

workorsimplygazingatsomethinggreen.Of

course,personalitycanmakeadifference.

Peoplewhoratehighinopennesstonew

experiencesinpersonalitytestsalsomaybe

moredistractibleandcurious,accordingtoa

studyinCreativityResearchJournal.

C)Butopenpersonalityisn'ttheonlypathto

inspiration,researcherssay.Walkingawayfrom

aproblemtodosimple,routinetasks,and

lettingthemindwanderintheprocess,can

sparkcreativenewconnectionsorapproachesto

solvingdilemmas,saysastudyin

PsychologicalScience.Thathelpsexplainwhya

lotofgreatideasoccurattransitiontimes,when

peoplearewakinguporfallingasleep,bathing,

showeringorjogging.

D)Foryears,AmyBaxter,aphysicianandpain

researcher,lookedforwaystousecoldtorelieve

children'spainfromvaccinationshots(疫苗接

種).Butherlightbulbmomentdidn'tcome

untilshewasdrivinghomefromwork,tired

afteranall-nightshiftintheemergencyroom.

資料僅供參考

Thesteeringwheelonhercarwasvibrating

becausethetireswerepoorlyaligned,andshe

noticedasshepulledintoherdrivewaythatthe

vibrationhadmadeherhandsnumb.Withhelp

fromherhusbandLouis,shemadethe

connection:Combiningvibrationandcold

mightbeenoughtoeasethepainofashot.

E)Sheappliedavibratingmassagerandabag

offrozenpeastothearmofher7-year-oldson

Max,thenrolledoverhisskinasmallmetal

wheelusedbyneurologiststotestsensitivity.

Maxfeltnothing.Thatdiscoverysparkedthe

developmentof“Buzzy”,atoylikevibratingbee

fittedwithatinyicepack.Withhelpfroma

federalgrant,sheproducedthedeviceand

beganmarketingitonline.Buzzyisnowbeing

usedin500hospitalstoeasepatients9painfrom

injectionsandinfusions.

F)Dr.Baxter'sgroggy,wee-hour(凌晨)

insightwasn'tastrokeofluck.Studentsina

studysolvedmoreproblemsrequiringfreshnew

insightswhentheytackledthematoff-peak

資料僅供參考

timesofday—intheeveningformorningpeople,

andinthemorningfornightowls,saysthestudy,

publishedinThinking&Reasoning.Such

advicerunscountertotheconventionalwisdom

thatsolvingproblemsrequiresfocusinga

person'sattentionandblockingoutdistractions.

G)Viewingthecolorgreenmayhelpmake

thoseideasmoreapparent,accordingto

researchpublishedinPersonalityandSocial

PsychologyBulletin.Whenstudentsweregiven

creativitytests,thosewhosetest-coverpageshad

agreenbackgroundgavemorecreativeanswers

thanthosewhosepageswerewhite,blue,redor

gray.Manyseegreenasasymboloffertility,

growthandrenewal,triggeringthepositive

moodandstrivingforimprovementthatfosters

creativity,saysthestudy.

H)Mind-wandering,oftenseenas

daydreaming,allowsthebraintoincubatenew

approachestofamiliarproblems,servingas”a

foundationforcreativeinspiration”,saysthe

studyinPsychologicalScience.Inatestof

資料僅供參考

creativity,researchersdivided145students

randomlyintofourgroups.Threegroupswere

givena12-minutebreakwithdifferent

assignments;afourthgroupkeptstudying.

Whenallthestudentstackledthesame

problemsasecondtime,thosewhohaddonea

simple,boringtaskduringabreakhadmore

creativeideasthanthosewhowereassigneda

toughcognitivepuzzle,thosewhorested,or

thosewhodidn'ttakeabreak.

I）Anothertactic:Buildtimeformind

wanderingintodailyroutines,breakingaway

fromtasksrequiringconcentrationtotakea

walkorrun,lookoutawindowordosome

relaxing,routinephysicaltask.Atlantaad

executiveJohnStapletonhadbeentryingfor

threeweekstocomeupwithadvertisingideas

foraclient,theCostaRicaTourismBoard,to

encouragepeopletovisittheCentralAmerican

nation.Butitwasn'tuntilhegotoutofhis

Atlantaoffice,traveledtotheCostaRicanrain

forestandrelaxedonhispatio（露臺(tái)）ataresort.

資料僅供參考

Thenastormwasapproaching.Anideacrept

intohismind:allthehowlermonkeysstarted

woofinglikedogs,andtherainforestcameto

life.

J）HeandhiscolleaguesdevelopedaniPad

appenablinguserstocreatetheirownjungle

music,syncingthesoundsofhowlingmonkeys,

frogs,rain,fishandstreamsintoarhythmic

symphony,freeforchildrenandpotentialadult

visitorstodownloadasawindowintoCosta

Rica'sbiodiversity.Akeytohatchingtheideaof

illustratingbiodiversityviamusicwastoget

awayfromjugglingaccountsandbeing

constantlydistracted,jumpingfromonetaskto

thenext,Mr.Stapletonassumes.

K）Moderatedrinkingcanalsorelax

inhibitions（抑郁）inawaythatseemstoletthe

mindrangeacrossawidersetofpossible

connections.Itcanalsohelpapersonnotice

environmentalcuesorchangesthatasober

brainwouldblockout,Dr.Wileysays.

L）Priming（填充）themindwithawiderange

資料僅供參考

ofexperiencesandinformationalsohelps.Tor

Myhren,anadexecutive,saysheuses“massive

creativestimulusfollowedbytotalsolitary

confinement"tostartideasflowing.

Anticipatingaperiodofhardworkrecently,he

readWiredmagazinecovertocover,thenwent

toseeDjangoUnchained.Whenhesethisbrain

upproperlyforit,whenhe'dfedhisbrain

properly,hecoulddoit.

M)Entrepreneurialpeoplehaveideasabout

everythingallthetime,saysJonathanKaplan,

inventoroftheFlippocketcamcorder,anidea

thatsparkedaboominpersonalvideosafew

yearsago.Wealwaysthinkwe'rerightand

alwaysthinkifspossibletodothem,says

Kaplan,whoisnowchiefexecutiveofa

companybasedonhislatestidea,TheMelt,San

Francisco.

N)Strayingfromyourfieldofexpertisecan

help,studiesshow.Market-researchexecutive

SterlingLanierwaslookingforsuccessfulnew

ideasafewyearsago."IwasinDeathValley

資料僅供參考

fromto,thinkingmaybeIlostit/,hesays.

“ThenIrelaxedalittle,wentouttolunch,

startedtellingstorieswhiledrinkingbeerwitha

friend,acancerepidemiologist（流行病學(xué)專

家）?"Hisfriendstartedcomplainingaboutall

theproblemsshehadofgettingresearch

subjectstofilloutarduous,400-question

medicalsurveys.

O）Thencamehislight-bulbmoment:"You

havetomakeitentertaining.Whydon'tyoujust

makeitsuperfunandfriendlyontheiPad?”he

asked.Byapplyingmarket-researchtechniques

toanewfield,hecameupwithacolorful,

gamelikemedicalquestionnairethatbecamethe

basisforthenewcompanyheheads;the

productisbeingusedatagrowingnumberof

researchhospitalsandclinics.

46.Combiningvibrationandcoldmaybe

helpfultolessenkids'sufferingsfrom

vaccinationshots.

47.Greencolorcanstimulateone'soptimistic

資料僅供參考

emotionandhighspiritsinpursuitofprogress,

therebyenhancingcreativepower.

48.Userscanmaketheirownjunglemusic

withthehelpofaniPadappdevelopedbyan

Atlantaadexecutive.

49.Theissueaboutwherenewideascome

frominterestedresearcherstostudyitfrom

differentangles.

50.Informationfromthemagazineandmovie

wasstuffedintoTorMyhren'smindandthis

gavehimthegreatpowerofcreativity.

51.Aninterestingmedicalquestionnaire

becamethebasisforthefoundationofanew

company,whoseproductisbeingusedbymany

hospitals.

52.Drinkinganappropriateamountofalcohol

isconducivetoone'smentalandphysical

relaxation.

53.Astudyshowsthatmind-wanderingcan

helptoinspirepeople'sabilitytoovercome

similardifficulties.

54.Creativityisnotonlyrelatedwithopen

資料僅供參考

personalitybutalsoconnectedwithdoingsimple

dailyworkandflyingthemindfreely.

55.Itisatoff-peaktimesofdaythatnewideas

canbesparkedtocopewithtoughproblems.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.

Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare

fourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowing

passage.

Amidallthejoblosses,there'sonecategory

ofworkerthattheeconomicdisruptionhasbeen

goodfor:nonhumans.

資料僅供參考

Fromself-servicecheckoutlinesatthe

supermarkettoindustrialrobotsarmedwith

sawsandtaughttocarveupanimalbodiesin

slaughter-houses,theseever-more-intelligent

machinesarenownotjustassistingworkersbut

actuallykickingthemoutoftheirjobs.

Automationisn'tjustaffectingfactory

workers,either.Somelawfirmsnowuse

artificialintelligencesoftwaretoscanandread

mountainsoflegaldocuments,workthat

previouslywasperformedbyhighly-paid

humanlawyers.

aRobotscontinuetohaveanimpacton

blue-collarjobs,andwhite-collarjobsareunder

attackbymicroprocessors,sayseconomics

professorEdwardLearner.Therecession

permanentlywipedout2.5millionjobs.U.S.

grossdomesticproducthasclimbedbackto

pre-recessionlevels,meaningwe'reproducingas

muchasbefore,onlywith6%fewerworkers.To

besure,roboticsarenottheonlyjobkillersout

there,withoutsourcing（夕卜包）stealingfarmore

資料僅供參考

jobsthanautomation.

JeffBurnstein,presidentoftheRobotics

IndustryAssociation,arguesthatrobotsactually

saveU.S.jobs.Hislogic:companiesthat

embraceautomationmightusefewerworkers,

butthafsstillbetterthanfiringeveryoneand

movingtheworkoverseas.

Ifsnotthatrobotsarecheaperthan

humans,thoughoftentheyare.It'sthatthey9re

better."Insomecasesthequalityrequirements

aresoexactingthatevenifyouwantedtohavea

humandothejob,youcouldn't,"Burnstein

says.

Samegoesforsurgeons,who'reusing

roboticsystemstoperformanever-growinglist

ofoperations—notbecausethemachinessave

moneybutbecause,thankstothegreater

precisionofrobots,thepatientsrecoverinless

timeandhavefewercomplications,saysDr.

MyriamCuret.

Surgeonsmaysurvivetherobotinvasion,

butothersatthehospitalmightnotbesolucky,

資料僅供參考

asiRobot,makeroftheRoomba,arobot

vacuumcleaner,hasbeenshowingoffAva,

whichcouldbeusedasamessengerinahospital.

Andonceyou'rehome,recovering,Avacouldlet

youtalktoyourdoctor,sothere'snoneedto

sendsomeonetoyourhouse.That“mobile

telepresence99couldbeusefulattheoffice.If

you'reawayonatrip,youcanstillattenda

meeting.Justconnectviavideoconferencing

software,soyourfaceappearsonAva'sscreen.

Isanyjobsafe?Iwashopingtosay

66journalist,99butresearchersarealready

developingsoftwarethatcangatherfactsand

writeanewsstory.Whichmeansthatafew

yearsfromnow,arobotcouldbewritingthis

column.Andwhowillreadit?Well,theremight

bealotofushangingaroundwithlotsoffree

timeonourhands.

56.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstfew

paragraphs?

A)Theover-useofrobotshasdonedamageto

資料僅供參考

Americaneconomy.

B)Itishardforrobotstoreplacehumansin

highlyprofessionalwork.

C)Artificialintelligenceiskeytofuture

technologicalinnovations.

D)Theroboticindustryhasbenefitedfromthe

economicrecession.

57.Whatcausedthegreatestlossofjobsin

America?

A)Usingmicroprocessorsextensively.

B)Movingproductiontoothercountries.

C)Thebankruptcyofmanycompanies.

D)Theinvasionofmigrantworkers.

58.WhatdoesJeffBurnsteinsayaboutrobots?

A)Theyhelpcompaniestorevive.

B)Theyarecheaperthanhumans.

C)Theypreventjoblossesinaway.

D)Theycompetewithhumanworkers.

59.Whyareroboticsystemsreplacingsurgeons

資料僅供參考

inmoreandmoreoperationsaccordingtoDr.

MyriamCuret?

A)Theysavelotsofmoneyforthepatients.

B)Theybeathumansinprecision.

C)Theytakelesstimetoperformasurgery.

D)Theymakeoperationslesspainful.

60.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutrobotics?

A)Itwillgreatlyenrichliterarycreation.

B)Itwillstartanewtechnologicalrevolution.

C)Itwillrevolutionizescientificresearch.

D)Itwillbeappliedinanyfieldimaginable.

PassageTwo

Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowing

passage.

You'venowhearditsomanytimes,youcan

probablyrepeatitinyoursleep.President

Obamawillnodoubtmakethepointpublicly

whenhegetstoBeijing:theChineseneedto

consumemore;theyneed—believeitornot—to

becomemorelikeAmericans,forthesakeofthe

資料僅供參考

globaleconomy.

Andit'salltrue.Buttheothersideofthat

equationisthattheU.S.needstosavemore.For

themoment,Americanhouseholdsactuallyare

doingso.Afterthepersonal-savingsratedipped

tozeroin,theshockoftheeconomiccrisislast

yearpromptedpeopletosnapshuttheirwallets.

InChina,thehousehold-savingsrate

exceeds20%.Itispartlyforpolicyreasons.As

we'veseen,wageearnersareexpectedtocare

fornotonlytheirchildrenbuttheiraging

parents.Andthereis,todate,onlytheflimsiest

（脆弱的）ofpublicly-fundedhealthcareand

pensionsystems,whichincreasesincentivesfor

individualstosavewhiletheyareworking.But

Chinaisasocietythathaslongesteemed

personalfinancialprudence（謹(jǐn)慎）.Thereisno

chancethatwillchangeanytimesoon,evenifthe

governmentcreatesabettersocialsafetynetand

successfullyencouragesgreaterconsumer

spending.

WhydoestheU.S.needtolearnalittle

資料僅供參考

frugality（節(jié)儉）？Becausehealthysavingsrates

areoneofthesurestindicatorsofacountry9s

long-termHnancialhealth.Highsavingslead,

overtime,toincreasedinvestment,whichin

turngeneratesproductivitygains,innovation

andjobgrowth.Inshort,savingsaretheseed

cornofagoodeconomicharvest.

TheU.S.governmentthusneedstoactas

well.Byrunningconstantdeficits,itis

dis-saving,evenashouseholdssavemore.Peter

Orszag,Obama'sBudgetDirector,recently

calledtheU.S.budgetdeficitsunsustainableand

he'sright.Todate,theU.S.hasseemedunable

toseetheconsequencesofspendingsomuch

morethanistakenin.Thatneedstochange.

AndthoughHuJintaoandtherestofthe

Chineseleadershiparen'tinclinedtolecture

visitingPresidents,hemightgentlyhintthat

Beijingisgettingalittlenervousaboutthevalue

ofthedollar—whichhasfallen15%since

March,inlargepartbecauseofincreasingfears

thatAmerica'sdebtloadisbecoming

資料僅供參考

unmanageable.

Thafswhathappenswhenyou'rethe

world'sbiggestcreditor:yougettodrophints

likethat,whichwouldbeenoughbythemselves

tocreateinternationaleconomicchaosifthey

wereeverleaked.(Everytimeanyofficialin

Beijingdeliberatespubliclyaboutseekingan

alternativetotheU.S.dollarforthe$2.1trillion

Chinaholdsinreserve,currencytradershavea

heartattack.)If