2024屆高三英語二輪復習翻譯練習課件(共53張)

高中英語翻譯一、邏輯重建試比較：下雨了。Itisraining.結論：漢語邏輯比較松散英語邏輯比較嚴密

邏輯差異對漢譯英的負面影響：語法錯誤中式英語2一、邏輯重建解決邏輯差異的方法：邏輯重建（按照正常邏輯對句子，尤其是主干，進行改寫）邏輯重建方式：句內邏輯：句間邏輯：有重復找重復，無重復找邏輯3一、邏輯重建我看見一座房子。房子里住著一位老人。句內重建：Isawahouse.Anoldmanlivedinthehouse.句間重建：Isawahouse,inwhichanoldmanlived.Isawahouse,whereanoldmanlived.Isawahouse,wherelivedanoldman.注意：要優(yōu)先判斷謂語，再根據(jù)謂語確定主語4一、邏輯重建今天天氣很糟糕。很多人遲到了。句內重建：Theweatheristerrible.Manypeoplearelate.句間重建：Theweatherissoterriblethatmanypeoplearelate.Soterribleistheweatherthatmanypeoplearelate.5一、邏輯重建張家界風景優(yōu)美。人見人愛。句內重建：TheviewinZhangjiajieisbeautiful.Everyonelovesitatthefirstsight.ThereisabeautifulviewinZhangjiajie.Everyonelovesitatthefirstsight.句間重建：TheviewinZhangjiajieissobeautifulthateveryonelovesit.ThereisabeautifulviewinZhangjiajie,

whicheveryonelovesatthefirstsight.6一、邏輯重建上海是一座朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力、多姿多彩的國際化大都市，改革開放以來，上海變化之大令世人矚目。句內重建：Shanghaiisa...city.Shanghaihaschangedso...that...句間重建：Shanghai,whichisa...city,haschangedso...that...Shanghai,a...city,haschangedso...that...7二、語序調整thecollegestudentsintheclassroom教室里的大學生結論：定語修飾名詞英語中定語分前置后后置，通常簡單的前置，復雜的后置漢語中只有前置定語8二、語序調整英語中定語位置及基本形式（前二后六）：前置定語：形容詞、名詞后置定語：介詞詞組、-ing分詞詞組、-ed分詞詞組、不定式、形容詞詞組、定語從句定語的翻譯方法：一數(shù)：數(shù)清定語數(shù)量二放：決定前后位置9二、語序調整Hereachedthestationquickly.Quickly,hereachedthestation.（主語前）Hequicklyreachedthestation.（動詞前）Hereachedquicklythestation.（動詞后）Hereachedthestationquickly.（賓語后）1、他很快就到了車站。（動詞前）2、很快，他就到了車站。（主語前）10二、語序調整英語中狀語的基本形式：副詞、介詞詞組、-ing分詞詞組、-ed分詞詞組、不定式、形容詞詞組、狀語從句狀語的翻譯原則：先首尾，再中間，復雜結構加逗號先時間，后地點，再其他11二、語序調整可是會議室里的手機鈴聲仍然響成一片。簡易翻譯：Butthephonesringhereandtherethroughouttheroom.對等翻譯：Butincessantringskeepstrikingourears.12二、語序調整我們都是普通人，并沒有多少重要的事情。簡易翻譯：Weallarecommonpeoplewhodon’thavemanyimportantthingstodealwith.對等翻譯：Weallarecommoncitizenswhoareseldomengagedinsignificantmatters.13二、語序調整古來一切有成就的人，都很嚴肅地對待自己的生命，當他活著一天，總要盡量多勞動、多工作、多學習，不肯虛度年華，不讓時間白白地浪費掉。簡易翻譯：Allthesuccessfulpeopleinhistorytreatedtheirlifeseriously.Aslongastheylived,theytriedtheirbesttoworkmoreandstudymore,unwillingtowastetheirtime.對等翻譯：Alltheaccomplishedindividualsinthehumanhistorytreatedtheirlifeseriously,tryingtheirbest,aslongastheywerealive,toworkmoreandstudymore,unwillingtodreamawaytheirdaysandidleawaytheirlife.14二、語序調整人和動物的區(qū)別，除了眾所周知的諸多方面，恐怕還在于人有內心世界。簡易翻譯：The

differences

between

man

and

animals,

besidesthoseinmanywell-knownaspects,Iamafraid,lieintheinnerworld.對等翻譯：Thedistinctionsbetweenhumansandanimals,apartfromthosewell-knownones,maywelllieinthefactthattheformerhastheinnerworld.15二、語序調整心不過是人的一個重要臟器，而內心世界是一種景觀，它是由外部世界不斷地作用于內心漸漸形成的。簡易翻譯：Theheartisnomorethananimportantinnerorganwhiletheinnerworldisaview,whichisgraduallyformedbytheconstantinfluenceoftheouterworld.對等翻譯：Heartbeingnomorethananimportinnerorgan,theinnerworldservesasalandscape,whichisgraduallyshapedbytheconstantimpactoftheouterworld.16二、語序調整釣魚是一項能夠陶冶性情的運動，有益于身心健康。簡易翻譯：Fishingisasportwhichcancultivateone’spersonalityandbenefithisbodyandmind.對等翻譯：Fishingconstitutesasportconducivetothecultivationoftemperamentandbeneficialtobothphysicalandpsychologicalhealth.17二、語序調整也就在這一幅絢爛的圖畫旁邊，在河灣之畔，一群羊正在低頭覓食。它們幾乎沒有一個顧得上抬起頭來，看一眼這美麗的黃昏。簡易翻譯：Just

beside

thissplendidpicture,aflockofsheeparefeedingbytheriverbend.Noneofthemhavetimetoraisetheirheadtoenjoythisbeautifuldusk.對等翻譯：Justbesidethissplendidpicture,aflockofsheep,bytheriverbend,areburyingthemselvesinfeedingtoobusilytofindtimetoraisetheireyesforaglimpseofthisbeautifuldusk.18二、語序調整也許它們要抓緊時間，在即將回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。簡易翻譯：Perhapstheyareseizingtimetohaveonemorebite/chewbeforegoinghome.對等翻譯：Perhapstheyareseizingeverysecondtoenjoythelastbite/chewbeforegoinghome.19二、語序調整所以人們對于大自然全部一致并深深地依賴著。尤其在鄉(xiāng)間,上千年來人們一直以不變的方式生活著:種植莊稼和葡萄,釀酒和飲酒,喂牛和擠奶,鋤草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈禱和做禮拜,在節(jié)日到廣場拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。簡易翻譯：Therefore,peopleallrelyonnaturedeeply.Especiallyinthecountryside,peoplehavelivedthesamelifeforthousandsofyears:growingcropsandgrapes,makinganddrinkingwine,feedingandmilkingcows,removinggrassandplantingflowers,goingtochurchonweekends,playingmusic,dancingandsingingonthesquareduringfestivals.20二、語序調整所以人們對于大自然全部一致并深深地依賴著。尤其在鄉(xiāng)間,上千年來人們一直以不變的方式生活著:種植莊稼和葡萄,釀酒和飲酒,喂牛和擠奶,鋤草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈禱和做禮拜,在節(jié)日到廣場拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。對等翻譯：Therefore,peoplerely,unanimouslyandprofoundly,onnature,whichisespeciallytrueofthecountryside,wherepeoplehavelivedthesamelifeforthousandsofyears:growingcropsandgrapes,brewinganddrinkingwine,feedingandmilkingcows,removingweedsandplantingflowers,goingtochurchonweekends,playingmusic,dancingandsingingonthesquareduringfestivals.21二、語序調整中國民族自古以來從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬物占著一個比例較為恰當?shù)牡匚唬墙^對統(tǒng)治萬物的主宰。簡易翻譯：TheChinesenationhasneverregardedmanasthehigherbeingthanothers.對等翻譯：TheChinesenationhasneverdeemedmanthesupremebeinginnature.22二、語序調整在哲學文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬物占著一個比例較為恰當?shù)牡匚?，而非絕對統(tǒng)治萬物的主宰。簡易翻譯：Itisreflectedinitsphilosophy,artandliteraturethatman,innature,takesapositioninaproperproportionwithotherbeingsinsteadofbeingtheirabsoluteruler.對等翻譯：Itisreflectedinitsphilosophy,artandliteraturethatmantakesapositioninaproperproportionwithotherbeingsinsteadofplayingGod.23三、無主句試分析：下雨了。花園種了許多花。結論：動詞開頭（顯性無主）。狀語開頭（隱性無主）。注意：漢語中有大量的無主句。24三、無主句下雨了。It’sraining.花園種了許多花。Therearemanyflowersinthegarden.Manyflowersareplantedinthegarden.Someoneplantsmanyflowersinthegarden.無主句的翻譯方法：形式主語Therebe結構被動語態(tài)

補主語

25三、無主句一個人的生命究竟有多大意義，這有什么標準可以衡量嗎?

Isthereanystandardtomeasurethemeaningofone’slife?Whatstandardcanbeusedtomeasurethemeaningofone’slife?26三、無主句提出一個絕對的標準當然很困難;但是，大體上看一個人對待生命的態(tài)度是否嚴肅認真，看他對待勞動、工作等等的態(tài)度如何，也就不難對這個人的存在意義做出適當?shù)墓烙嬃?。簡易翻譯：Itisdifficulttohaveanabsolutestandard,butitisnotdifficulttomakeaproperestimationofthemeaningofone’sexistencebyconsideringwhetherhetreatshislifeseriouslyandhowhetreatshiswork.對等翻譯：Itisdifficulttohaveanabsolutecriterion,butitisfarfromhard/comparativelyeasytomakeanappropriateestimationofthesignificanceofone’sexistencebyconsideringwhatattitudehetakestowardshislifeandwork.27三、無主句手機刷新了人與人的關系。簡易翻譯：Mobilephoneshaveupdatedtherelationshipofpeople.對等翻譯：Mobilephoneshavealteredtheinterpersonalrelationship.28三、無主句會議室門口通常貼著一條通告：請與會者關閉手機。簡易翻譯：Anoticeisusuallypastedonthedoorofthemeetingroom:pleaseturnoffyourphone.對等翻譯：Onthedoorofthemeetingroomisusuallypastedanoticewhichreads:pleaseturnoffyourphone.29無主句盡管如此，我們也不會輕易關掉手機。打開手機象征我們與這個世界的聯(lián)系。簡易翻譯：Inspiteofthis,it’snoteasyforustoturnoffourphoneforitsymbolizesourconnectionwiththeworld.對等翻譯：Still,it’snoteasyforustoswitchoffourphone,whichservesasasymbolofourconnectionwiththeworld.30三、無主句如果走近了，會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們那可愛的神情，潔白的牙齒，那豐富而單純的表情。Ifyouwalkclose,youwillseetheircutelook,whiteteethandrichbutinnocentexpressions.Walkcloseandyouwillseetheircutelook,whiteteethandrichbutinnocentexpressions.Walkingclose,youwillhaveaclearviewoftheircutelook,whiteteethandrichbutinnocentexpressions.31三、無主句晚年的喬羽喜愛垂釣，他說：“有水有魚的地方大都是有好環(huán)境的，好環(huán)境便會給人好心情。簡易翻譯：QiaoYulovesfishinginhislateyears.He

said,

“Inaplacewithwaterandfish,thereisgoodenvironment,whichcreatesgoodmood.”對等翻譯：QiaoYu,wholovesfishinginhistwilightyears,said,“Wherethereiswaterandfish,thereisgoodenvironment,whichinturnevokesgoodmood.”32三、無主句喬羽說：“釣魚可分三個階段：第一階段是吃魚；第二階段是吃魚和情趣兼而有之；第三階段主要是的趣，面對一池碧水，將憂心煩惱全都拋在一邊，使自己的身心得到充分休息?！焙喴追g：Hesaid,“Fishingcanbedividedintothreestages...”對等翻譯：Hesaid,“Fishingfallsintothreephases...”33三、無主句喬羽說：“釣魚可分三個階段：第一階段是吃魚；第二階段是吃魚和情趣兼而有之；第三階段主要是的趣，面對一池碧水，將憂心煩惱全都拋在一邊，使自己的身心得到充分休息?！焙喴追g：Inthefirst,oneenjoyseatingfish;inthesecond,oneenjoyseatingfishandfishingpleasure;inthethird,onemainlyenjoysfishingpleasure.對等翻譯：Inthefirst,oneenjoysfish;inthesecond,bothfishandfishing;inthethird,mainlyfishing.34三、無主句喬羽說：“釣魚可分三個階段：第一階段是吃魚；第二階段是吃魚和情趣兼而有之；第三階段主要是的趣，面對一池碧水，將憂心煩惱全都拋在一邊，使自己的身心得到充分休息?！焙喴追g：Facingapondofclearwater,oneleavesbehindallhisworries,givinghisbodyandmindafullbreak.對等翻譯：Facingapondofclearwater,onecastsoffallhisangerandanxiety,renderinghisbodyandmindafullrepose.”35四、并列和連動連動：老師拿著包，走進了教室。Theteachercarriedabagandwalkedintotheclassroom.Carryingabag,theteacherwalkedintotheclassroom.注意：延續(xù)性動詞和瞬間動詞構成連動時，延續(xù)性動詞用非謂語動詞表示更好。

36四、并列和連動連動：他離開了學校，讓我大吃一驚。Helefttheschoolandsurprisedmegreatly.Helefttheschool,surprisingmegreatly.注意：連動中有主次之分時，重點部分用主干，次要部分用非謂語動詞。37四、并列和連動牧羊人不見了，他不知在何處歇息。只有這些美生靈自由自在地享受著這個黃昏。簡易翻譯：Theshepherdisgoneandnooneknowswhereheisresting.Onlythesebeautifulcreaturesareenjoyingtheduskfreely.對等翻譯：Theshepherdisgoneandmustberestingsomewhere,leavingonlythesebeautifulcreaturesenjoyingtheduskfreely.38四、并列和連動手機反映出我們的“社交饑渴癥”。簡易翻譯：Mobilephonesreflectour“socialthirst”.對等翻譯：Itisour“socialthirst”thatmobilephonesembody.39四、并列和連動最為常見的是，一個人走著走著突然停下來，眼睛盯著手機屏幕發(fā)短信。他不在乎停在馬路中央還是廁所旁邊。簡易翻譯：Itismostcommonlyseenthatonesuddenlystopswalkingandbeginstosendmessageswithhiseyesfixedonthescreen.Hedoesnotcarewhetherheisinthemiddleoftheroadorbesidethetoilet.對等翻譯：Itismostcommonlyseenthatonesuddenlystopswalkingandbeginstotextwithhiseyesfixedonthescreen,notcaringwhetherheisinthemiddleoftheroadorbesidethetoilet.40五、主動與被動試比較：我被打了。衣服洗好了。結論：漢語中有被動語態(tài)，但更多的是主動表被動。英語中被動比例高于漢語的被動比例注意：要通過邏輯重建判斷漢語中隱藏的被動?？梢詫h語中的一些主動轉成被動。41五、主動與被動人的智力需要開發(fā)，人的內心世界也是需要開發(fā)的。簡易翻譯：Humanintelligenceneedstobedevelopedandsodoestheinnerworld.對等翻譯：Theinnerworld,justlikehumanintelligence,needstobetapped.42五、主動與被動往日的田園依舊是今日的溫馨家園。這樣,每個地方都有自己的傳說,風俗也就衍傳了下來。簡易翻譯：Thepastfieldremainsthepresentcozyhome.Inthisway,legendsarecreatedineveryplaceandcustomsarepasseddown.對等翻譯：Thepastfieldremainsthepresentcozyhome,asaresultofwhichlegendsarecreatedandcustomspreserved.43六、比較級和最高級警察比小偷跑得快。Thepolicemanranfasterthanthethief.這座摩天大樓是世界第一高樓。Theskyscraperisthetallestbuildingintheworld.注意：中文一般先比較對象，再比較結果；英文相反。中文一般先范圍，再最高級；英文相反。44六、比較級和最高級因此我們的苦悶，基本上比西方人為少為小;因為苦悶的強弱原是隨欲望與野心的大小而轉移的。簡易翻譯：Therefore,ourworriesarebasicallylessthantheWesterners’forthedegreeofworryisdecidedbythatofdesireandambition.對等翻譯：Therefore,wehavelessfrustrationsthantheWesternersfortheintensityofworryandfrustrationissubjecttothemagnitudeofdesireandambition.45六、比較級和最高級農業(yè)社會的人比工業(yè)社會的人享受差得多;因此欲望也小得多。簡易翻譯：Thepeopleintheagriculturalsocietyenjoymuchlessthanthoseintheindustrialsociety,sotheyhavelessdesire.對等翻譯：Thepeopleintheagriculturalsocietyareendowedwithmuchlessenjoymentandthuslessdesirethanthoseintheindustrialsociety.46六、比較級和最高級我認為最好的釣魚場所不是舒適的、給你準備好餓魚的垂釣園，而是那極其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的場所。簡易翻譯：Ithinkthebestfishingplaceisnotthecomfortablefishingpondwithhungryfishesbuttheattractivenaturalplace.對等翻譯：Ithinkthebestfishingplaceisnottheman-madefishingpondwithhungryfisheswhichofferscompletecomfort,butthenature-formedplacewhichholdsastonishingappeal.47七、同位語我想，其實誰都有一個小小花園，這便是我們的內心世界。簡易翻譯：Ibelievethateveryone,infact,hasasmallgarden,whichishisinnerworld.對等翻譯：Ibelievethateveryone,ineffect,isendowedwithasmal