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ThinkingintheBox
ArtificialIntelligenceforCyberT&E
PresentedbyTurinPollard,EvelynRockwell,andChrisMilroyAlionScienceandTechnology
Roadmap
WhatismodernAi?
Whyiscybersohard?
HowcanAihelp?
SLIDE2
What?|ErasofAi
ArtificialIntelligence
Rules
1950
MachineLearning
Models
1980
DeepLearning
Networks
2010
SLIDE3
What?|WorkingDefinitions
Artificialintelligence(Ai):doingwithcomputerstaskscommonlybelievedtorequireintelligence
Machinelearning(ML):Aisystemsthatprogressivelyimprovetheirperformancewithdata
Training:runningdatathroughanMLsystemuntilitreachesstableandacceptableperformance
SLIDE4
What?|MachineLearning
Coregoal:generalizefromtrainingdatatomissiondata
Distinctfrompureoptimization
Designedtobeexecutedbymachines
Manyfunctions
Classification:decisiontree
Clustering:nearestneighbors
Valueprediction:regression
SLIDE5
What?|WorkingDefinitions
Neuralnetwork(NN)/artificialneuralnetwork(ANN):analgorithmstructurelooselyinspiredbyneuronsinthebrain
Deepneuralnetwork(DNN):aneuralnetworkwithmanylayers—atleastfive,butoftentensorhundreds
Deeplearning(DL):MLsystemsthatuseDNNs
SLIDE6
What?|DeepLearning
Machinelearning:
engineeredfeatures,learnedparameters
Deeplearning:
learnedfeatures,learnedparameters
SLIDE7
What?|GenerativeAdversarialNetworks
Learnshowtocreatenewexampleslikethoseinagivendataset
Competingsubnetworks
Generator(forger)
Discriminator(detective)
SLIDE8
What?|GenerativeAdversarialNetworks
Realvsgenerated
Output
Generator
Random
Discriminator
Example
Dataset
SLIDE9
What?|GenerativeAdversarialNetworks
SLIDE10
Why?|Workingwithmagic
magic
powerwithoutexplanation
^
guaranteed,human-level
SLIDE11
Roadmap
WhatismodernAi?
Whyiscybersohard?
HowcanAihelp?
SLIDE12
Why?|Asymmetric
AnAsymmetricDomain
Favoringtheattacker
Adversarieswillingtotestonlivesystems
Arapidlymovingtarget
InanunknownN-Dimensionalspace
NotpartoftraditionalDevelopmentProcesses
SLIDE13
Why?|Requirements
Aretherequirementssufficientforthemissionneed?
Aretherequirementssufficienttobuildthesystem?
Aretherequirementssufficienttoagainst?
Doesthedesignmeettherequirements?
Whatisthelevelofconfidenceintheresult?
SLIDE14
Why?|Requirements
Whatisthecyberrequirement?
SLIDE15
Why?|Whatwedoinstead
Fightthelastwar
Compromisethenfix
Signaturesbasedblacklists
Compliancebasedengineering
RedTeamAssessment
SLIDE16
Why?|InSearchofSunrise
Quantifiablecybersecurity
DurableandResilienttounknownattacks
Notsubjecttocatastrophiccompromise
Asymmetricinfavorofthedefender/developer
Clearlylocatedinthesystemlifecycle
SLIDE17
Roadmap
WhatismodernAi?
Whyiscybersohard?
HowcanAihelp?
SLIDE18
How?|AiforCyberT&E
Aretheresultsactionable?
Aretheresultsrepeatable?
Dotheresultsprovideadditionalinsights,comparedtotraditionalcyberT&Emethods?
SLIDE19
How?|Automation
MLand“shallow”DLbringmachinespeed
Whatwedotoday,onlyfaster
Signatures,Profiles,Actorsbasedrulesets
Blacklistbased
SLIDE20
How?|AnomalyDetection
“Real”DeepLearning
Whitelistbased
Firstdefinewhatisnormal
Second,identifydeviations
Withouthavingtoexplainwhy
SLIDE21
How?|TestingandEvaluation
Testsystemsfor“zeroday”vulnerabilities
Wedon’tknowabout
Wedon’thavetoenumerate
Provideactionableresultstodevelopers
Andvectorstoouroffensivecybercapabilities
SLIDE22
How?|Vignette
MLautomationofknownattacks
GANstosimulateactivity
UsersandAttackers
RNNtomonitorHealth
Expectedsystemstateprogr
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