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中考復(fù)習(xí)策略4

摘要:中考復(fù)習(xí)策略4四、形容詞、副詞?(一)知識概要?形容詞的用法很活躍,在英語中用

處也很多,但英語中修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的修飾語和詞組有時不同,要特別加以注意。

下面將初中學(xué)習(xí)階段中遇到的修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞和詞組

中考復(fù)習(xí)策略4

四、形容詞、副詞?

(一)知識概要?

形容詞的用法很活躍,在英語中用處也很多,但英語中修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的修

飾語和詞組有時不同,要特別加以注意。下面將初中學(xué)習(xí)階段中遇到的修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞和

詞組歸納如下:many,no,several,some,afew,alot,lots,plenty,plentyof,a

lotof,alargenumberof,enougho而修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或詞組如下:much,no,som

e,alot,agreatdeal,lots,plenty,alotof,plentyofo?其中some,no,alot

of,plentyof既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。?英語中形容詞與副詞有原級、比

較級、最高級之分,其規(guī)則如下:?

構(gòu)詞法原級比較級最高級加er,或estTall

youngtaller?

younger

tallest

youngest

只加r或stnice?

large

nicer

larger

nicest?

largest

重讀閉音節(jié)末尾只有一個輔音字母時雙寫該字母加er、estbig?

fat?

hot

bigger

fatter

hotter

biggest?

fattest

hottest

不規(guī)則變化的形容詞或副詞:?

原級比較級最高級

goodbetterbest

Wellbetterbest

badworseworst

badlyworseworst

manymoremost

mostmoremost

littlelesslest

farfarther

further

farthest

furthest

oldolder?

elder

oldest?

eldest

要注意的是許多形容詞同時又是副詞,如:back,all,alone,either,far,high,s

low等。而有些形容詞則要經(jīng)過一定變化才能轉(zhuǎn)為副詞,其規(guī)律如下:?

構(gòu)詞法形容詞副詞

一般加lyCareful

kind

carefully

kindly

尾是y時將y變成i力I」lyHappy

busy

easy

Happily

busily

easily

其他true

terrible

full

possible

shy

whole

truly

terribly

fully

possibly

shyly

wholly

在學(xué)習(xí)過程中要注意其變化。?

此外并不是所有副詞都可以修飾比較級和最高級形容詞。能修飾比較級的有:much,y

et,far,still,agreatdeal,even和alittle.能修飾最高級的有:thevery,much

the,far等。?

(二)正誤辨析?

[誤]Theyounglikesplayingfootballverymuch.?

[正]Theyounglikeplayingfootballverymuch.?

[析]定冠詞加形容詞表示一類人,應(yīng)作復(fù)數(shù)看待。而定冠詞加形容詞表示抽象事物時

則要看作單數(shù),如:Thebeautifulisnotalwayskindness.美麗并不總代表善良。?

[誤]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstareover.?

[正]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstisover.?

[析]意為:〃危險已經(jīng)過去,最困難的狀況已結(jié)束?!ㄓ枚ü谠~加最高級形容詞作主語時

應(yīng)看作單數(shù)形式。?

[誤]Itisthegoldageoftheyoung.?

[正]Itisthegoldenageoftheyoung.?

[析]golden在英語中多用于比喻,如:goldenhair金發(fā),guldenvoice金嗓子。而g

old多用于表達(dá)金質(zhì)的,如:agoldbar金條,agoldcoin金幣,但goldfish金魚例外。

[誤]Sheisawarmheartwoman.?

[正]Sheisawarm?heartedwoman.?

[析]英語形容詞的構(gòu)詞法很多,其中之一是由形容詞,或數(shù)詞,加名詞加ed構(gòu)成,如:?

warm?hoarted熱心腸的,white?haired白毛的?

[誤]Thereisanalivefishinthepool.?

[正]Thereisalivingfishinthepool.?

[析]在初中范圍內(nèi)所學(xué)到的以a字母開頭的形容詞--般不能作定語,只能作表語。如:

Thefishisalive.(魚還活著)這樣的形容詞有:alive,alike,alone,asleep,afraid,

awake等。?

[誤]Theillmannearlydied.?

[正]Thesickmannearlydied.?

[析]ill一般不作定語來形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表語時則都可以。如:Hei

sillsick,ill作定語時則另有他意,如:illluck(厄運(yùn)),illnature(天性惡劣),ill

temper(心緒不好)?

[誤]Ihaveimportantsomethingtotellyou.?

[正]Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.?

[析]不定代詞something,anyone,somebody…在用形容詞修飾時,形容詞應(yīng)放其

后。但要注意thing則不是不定代詞,不符合上述規(guī)律。如:Ihaveanimportantthingt

otellyou.?

[誤]r11befreeonnextSunday.?

[正]r11befreenextSunday.?

[析]在表達(dá)將來時的時候:nextSunday,nextweek,nextyear或lastSundayla

stweek,lastyear前都不加介詞。?

[誤]Thegirlistwo?yearold.?

[正]Thegirlistwoyearsold.?

[正]Sheisatwo?year?oldgirl??

[析]山連字符連接若干名詞、數(shù)詞……組成的形容詞,在學(xué)習(xí)時要記住兩點(diǎn),其一是這

些詞中的名詞都不要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:two?thousand?wordreport(兩千字的報(bào)告);其二是這

樣構(gòu)成的形容詞只能作定語,即用于名詞之前,而不能作表語。?

[誤]TheforeignerslikethoselittlebeautifulChinesepaintings.?

[正]TheforeignerslikethosebeautifullittleChinesepaintings.?

[析]在名詞前若有幾個形容詞作修飾語時,其順序如下。?

1.指示代詞,定冠詞2.數(shù)量詞3.性質(zhì)詞4.大???5.形狀6.老少,新舊7.顏

色8.材料?

但要注意的是英語的習(xí)慣是一個名詞前的形容詞一般不要多于三個。?

如:Whataprettylittlewhitehorse!?

ThosefirstfewshortEnglishstorieswerenotdifficulttounderstand.?

[誤]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishgoodistospeakwithEnglishmanevery

day.

[正]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishwellistospeakwithEnglishmanevery

day.

[析]good是形容詞,這里是修飾動詞speak的,所以應(yīng)用副詞well,但well作形容詞

講時只作身體好。如:Heiswell.(他身體很好)。Heisgood.(他是個好人)。?

[誤]Thechildrenplayonthegrassnappyly.?

[正]Thechildrenplayonthegrasshappily??

[析]多音節(jié)y結(jié)尾的形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~時應(yīng)將y變?yōu)閕再加ly.?

[誤]Theteacherlookedangryatthestudents.?

[正]Theteacherlookedangrilyatthestudents.?

[析]英語中感觀動詞后面要接形容詞,這時它是修飾主語的,如:Thefoodsmellsgo

od.食物聞起來很香。Theteacherlookedangry老師看起來很生氣。?而此句的意思為:

〃老師生氣地看著學(xué)生〃,所以應(yīng)用副詞形式。?

[誤]Heworkedwithmefriendly.?

[正]Hewasfriendlytome.?

[析]不是所有結(jié)尾是ly的詞都是副詞,但friendly是形容聞這樣的詞還有l(wèi)ovely,

lonely,costly,lively…monthlyweekly…。但其中有些詞既是副詞,又是形容詞,如:e

arly,hourly,monthly***?

[誤]Youcanspeakfreeinfrontofyourfriends.?

[正]Youcanspeakfreelyinfrontofyourfriends.?

[析]free作為形容詞意為〃自由的,有空閑的,免費(fèi)的〃。作為副詞講則是〃免費(fèi)〃之意。

而freely作為副詞則是〃自由的,隨便的"。這些要注意的詞還有:?hard努力,艱苦hardly

兒乎不late遲,晚?lately最近的,最新的near近nearly幾乎?like像likely幾乎?

[誤]Theymusthavearrivedtillnow.?

[正]Theymusthavearrivedbynow.?

[析]bynow是用于表達(dá)到目前為止某一動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生,所以應(yīng)用瞬間動詞。而till

now是強(qiáng)調(diào)某一動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,所以一定要用持續(xù)性動詞。?musthave+過去分詞是對

過去某一事情所作的肯定推測。?

[誤]Someonecalledyourightnow.?

[正]Someonecalledyoujustnow.?

[析]justnow有兩個意思,其一是〃剛才〃,其二是〃現(xiàn)在〃,而rightnow只能用于現(xiàn)在

的狀態(tài)。just則用于完成時態(tài),如:Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.?

[誤]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericaatpresent.?

[正]MyfatherwillbebackfromAmericapresently.?

[析]presently有兩個意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美語中是現(xiàn)在之意,與atpres

ent相同。而forthepresent為暫時,如:IteachEnglishintheschoolforthepre

sent.

[誤]r11bebackatthemoment.?

[正]I'llbebackinamoment.?

[析]atthemoment其意為〃現(xiàn)在,當(dāng)時〃,而inamoment意為〃馬上過一會",與ina

minute意思相近。?

[誤]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereintime.?

[正]ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrivehereontime.?

[析]ontime為“準(zhǔn)時〃,而intime有兩個含意。其一是"及時",如:Thedoctorarri

vedintimeo其二是〃將來,終究〃。?

[誤]Imetanoldfriendsometimeslastmonth.?

[正]Imetanoldfriendsometimelastmonth.?

[析]Sometime過去,或者將來某時。?Sometimes有時?

如:SometimesIgotoschoolbybus.?Sometime一些時間?

如:Ineedsometimetodomyhomework.?Sometimes幾次?

如:IwenttoShanghaisometimesthismonth.?

attimes有時,偶爾?

atalltimes經(jīng)常?

someothertime改天?

[誤]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?

[正]Ihadmetanoldfriendthreedaysbefore.?

[正]Imetanoldfriendthreedaysago.?

*ago用在時間狀語中時,主句中謂語動詞一般用過去時,而before用于時間狀語時

則主句的謂語動詞宜用完成時態(tài)。?

[誤]Hestudiedveryhard,andattheendhepassedtheexam.?

[正]Hestudiedveryhard,andintheendhepassedtheexam.?

[析]intheend二atlast意為〃最終,終于〃,表達(dá)經(jīng)過若干努力而達(dá)到的結(jié)果。而at

theend是在某事的結(jié)束時如何如何,如:Attheendofclass,theteachergaveuss

omestorybookso?

[誤]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueachthreedays.?

[正]Iwillcomeheretohelpyoueverythreedays.?

[析]everythreedays為"每三天”,即每隔二天,而everyotherday為每隔一天。

[誤]Hedidn'tgotothecinemayesterday,andIdidn'tgo,too.?

[正]Hedidn,tgotothecinemayesterdayandIdidn,tgoeither.?

[析]英語中表示"也”,有4個字,also,aswell,too,either,但either用于否定句

中,而前3個用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too與aswell一般要用在句尾,而also則可用于

句中。$11:Shewenttothepartyandherboyfriendwenttheretoo.又如:I'veal

soreadherothernovels.?

[誤]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?

[正]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.?

[析]anyway為"不管怎么"講,"無論如何",如:Whataterribleaccident,anyway

noonewashurt.?

anyway為〃任何方式〃。這種常見的錯誤還發(fā)生在以下幾組詞中,如:?

everyday日常的everyday每天?

faraway遙遠(yuǎn)的faraway遠(yuǎn)離?

altogether總計(jì)alltogether一塊,大家一起?

already已經(jīng)allready全準(zhǔn)備好了?

[誤]Youcancometothedoctor,satanytime.?

[正]Youcancometothedoctor*satanytime.?

[析]anytime是副詞而anytime中的time是名詞。?

[誤]Shesaidnearlynothing.?

[正]Shesaidalmostnothing.?

[析]nearly與almost的含意相近,在很多場合可以互換,但在否定詞前用almost。

[誤]Therearetoomuchmistakesinyourhomework.?

[正]Therearetoomanymistakesinyourhomework.?

[析]toomuch后接不可數(shù)名詞,如:Thereistoomuchwaterfortheflowers.

而toomany后加可數(shù)名詞,muchtoo后面加形容詞,如:Itismuchtoodifficultto1

earnEnglishwell.?

[誤]Itislateenoughthatwecangohomenow.?

[正]Itislateenoughforustogohomenow.?

[析]要注意的是enough后面一般不接從句而接不定式,或不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):forso

mebodytodosomethingo?

[誤]Thetwinsareveryalike.?

[正]Thetwinsaremuchalike.?

[析]用a為首字母的形容詞不能用v^y修飾,一般要用much來修飾。?

[誤]-Howlongdoeshewritetohisparents??

-Onceaweek.?

[正]-Howoftendoeshewritetohisparents??

-Onceaweek.?

[析]英文與中文表達(dá)法不同,隔多長時間辦?次某事,實(shí)際上問的是該事發(fā)生的頻率,

所以要用howofteric?

[誤]Assoonas1arriveinNewYork,I'llcallupyou.?

[正]AssoonasIarriveinNewYork,I'llcallyouup.?

[析]當(dāng)動詞詞組的賓語是人稱代詞時則一定要放于動詞之后,如果是名詞則可以放在

詞組其后。?如:1wanttowatchTV.PleaseturnontheTV.也可以講:Pleaseturn

theTVon.?

[誤]Hedrovequicklyhisnewcar.?

[IE]Hedrovehisnewcarquickly.?

[析]副詞在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下幾種用法:①實(shí)意動詞之前,如:Hequickl

ygivemetheanswer.②在be動詞之后,如:The1ittleboyisoftenlateforclas

s.③第一助動詞之后,如:Thisbookhasalmostbeenfinished.(4)在單獨(dú)使用的be

動詞和助動詞之前,如:Canyouhelpmethisafternoon??Icertainlycan.?但是無論

如何也不能將副詞置于動詞與賓語之間,如果是賓語從句或是很長的名詞

詞組作賓語則才可以這樣用:?

Heheardclearlywhattheteachersaid.?

[誤]Thechildrencamelateyesterdaytothecinema.?

[正]Thechildrencamelatetothecinemayesterday.?

[析]表示一定長度的時間的副詞不應(yīng)放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示強(qiáng)調(diào)則可放于

句首。

[誤]Youhavefewnewbooks,haven,tyou??

[正]youhavefewnewbooks,haveyou??

[析]英語中的數(shù)量形容詞有兩組。修飾可數(shù)名詞的有few(很少,幾乎沒有),afew(有

一些,幾個);修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有l(wèi)ittle(很少,幾乎沒有),alittle(有一點(diǎn),有一些)。要

注意的是當(dāng)few和little用于句中時應(yīng)看作否定句,而afew和alittle用于句中時則

應(yīng)看作是肯定句。

[誤]Hespentquitelittlemoneyonhisfood.?

[正]Hespentquitealittlemoneyonhisfood.?

[析]quitea為一固定用法,其意為“十分,相當(dāng),所以quiteafew=many,quite

alittle=muchJfijonlyalittle=little,onlyafew=few.?

[誤]Doyouwanttohavemanybread??

[正]Doyouwanttohavesomebread??

[析]some與any都可以用作形容詞、副詞或代詞,在一般情況卜,some用于肯定句,a

ny用于疑問句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答復(fù)時,應(yīng)用someo其次是some可以用來修飾

可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。?

[誤]Pleasetellmewheretheshoesshopis??

[正]Pleasetellmewheretheshoeshopis.?

[析]在用名詞作修飾詞來修飾另一名詞時,這個作修飾詞的名詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,如:?

ashoeshop鞋店

afruitshop水果店

abookshop書店?

apostoffice郵局

apolicestation警察局

abusstop汽車站?

[誤]Heisweakatphysics.?

[正]Heisweakinphysics.?

[析]在表達(dá)擅長于作某事時用begoodatsomething,而其反意詞為bebadatso

mething,但beweakinsomethingo?

[誤]Thisdictionaryisworthtobuy.?

[正]Thisdictionaryisworthbuying.?

[析]beworth后可接動、名詞表達(dá)值得作某事,又可接價格、金錢表示值多少錢。?

[誤]Don'tafraidofthat.?

[正]Don,tbeafraidofthat.?

[析]afraid在英文中是形容詞而不是動詞。這樣的詞組還有:?

beafraidof害怕becarefulof小心?

becertainof有把握,確定besureof確信?

begladof高興besickof厭惡?

befondof喜歡?

[誤]Theworkhasalreadybeendonewell.?

[IE]Theworkhasalreadybeenwelldone.?

[析]well與badly作副詞時,表示好壞,如果句子是被動語態(tài),則應(yīng)放在過去分詞之

前,如:Thismachinehasbeenbadlydamaged.如果句子是主動語態(tài),則應(yīng)放于句末,如:I

didmyhomeworkwell.?

[誤]Weareyetintheclassroomnow.?

[正]Wearealreadyintheclassroomnow.?

[析]already主要用于肯定句,而yet多用于否定句和疑問句中,如:

Didyoufinishit?No.notyet.?

[誤]Look.Herecomeshe!?

[正]Look!Herehecomes!?

[誤]Look!Herethebuscomes!?

[正]Look!Herecomesthebus!?

[析]在句子開頭用Here時,如主語是人稱代詞則不要用倒裝語序,如果主語是名詞則

要用倒裝語序。?

[誤]Sheismyoldersister.?

[正]Sheismyeldersister.?

[析]elder和eldest是用來指家庭中兄弟姐妹的長幼關(guān)系,而older,oldest則是

指歲數(shù)大多少,如:SheisthreeyearsolderthanI.?

[誤]rmtired.Ican'tgofurther.?

[正]I'mtired.Ican,tgofarther.?

[析]far有兩個比較級farther較遠(yuǎn)的,further進(jìn)一步的,如:Doyouneedanyf

urtherexplanation?你需要進(jìn)一步的解釋嗎?當(dāng)然它也有兩個最高級。farthest^11furth

est.?

[誤]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsbefore.?

[正]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsago.?

[析]ago常與過去時連用,而before則多與完成時連用。?

[誤]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??

-No,notalready.?

[正]-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework??

-No,notyet.?

[析]仍然有三個英文字可以表達(dá)它們是already,yet與stillo要注意的是alre

ady經(jīng)常用于肯定句中,如Thebushasalreadygone。而yet多用于疑問句和否定句中,

如:Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?而still則常用于主語與謂語動詞之間,如:W

estillcan,tdecidewhattodo.但也有時用于be動詞之后,如:Heisstillhere.?

[誤]HeisveryhigherthanIam.?

[正]HeismuchhigherthanIam.?

[析]much可以用來修飾比較級,而very則用來修飾形容詞原級,如:I'mverytired.

[誤]一CanIwalktothestation??-You'dbetternot.Itisveryfar.?

[正]-CanIwalktothestation??

-You*dbetternot,Itisalongway.?

[析]for-'般用在疑問句與否定句中,如:Howfarisitfromheretothestatio

n?又如:Itisntfar.?

[誤]I'veeverbeentoAmerica.?

[正]rvebeentoAmericaonce.?

[析]once多用于肯定句,而ever則用于疑問句,否定句,及條件狀語從句中,如:Have

youeverbeentoLondon??

[誤]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??

-No,Iamnotafraidso.?

[IE]-Couldyoupasstheexamthistime??

-No,rmafraidnot.?

[析]在肯定的答語中我們可以用so來代替上句所講的事件,如:Doyouthinkshei

sagoodstudent?YesIthinkso,/Ihopeso,/Ibelieveso/I'mafraidso,但在

否定的答語中,英語口語的習(xí)慣用法則有所不同,如,Idon'tthinkso而在hope,belive

與afraid后則常用not,如:Ihopenot.?

[誤]Shedidn,tworkenoughhard,soshecouldn,tpasstheexam.?

[正]Shedidn,tworkhardenough,soshecouldn,tpasstheexam.?

[析]enough可以作名詞用,如:EnoughhasbeensaidforhowtolearnEnglish

well.(對于如何學(xué)好英語已經(jīng)講的足夠多了。)?另外它可以作為形容詞,如:Ihaveenoug

hmoney(ormoneyenough)tobuythisdictionary.注意enough作為形容詞時即可

放于名詞前又可放于名詞后,在初中范圍的考題中多用于名詞之前。如果enough作為副詞

用,那么它一定要放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞之后。?

[誤]Youcan,tbeverycareful.?

[正]Youcan'tbetoocareful.?

[析]此句話的含意是你如何小心也不過分。t。?!璽。的用法是〃太……以至于不能作

某事〃。但在實(shí)際應(yīng)用時也常常將后面的to省去,如:Itistooexpensiveforme.那對我

來講是太貴了。?

[誤]Heisgoodpastfifty.?

[正]Heiswellpastfifty.?

[析]well作為副詞用時除用于〃好〃之外還有〃大大地、遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地〃,等意。往往有人對下

面兩句的對或錯有爭議;?

Heiswell.?

Heisgood.?

其實(shí)這兩句都是正確的表達(dá)法,只不過其含意不同。Heiswell是〃他身體不錯〃,而H

eisgood則為〃他是個好人〃。?

[誤]Sheisnotashalfcleverasherbrother.?

[正]Sheisnothalfascleverasherbrother.?

[析]在as…as結(jié)構(gòu)中要將修飾形容詞的數(shù)量詞倍數(shù)及nearly,almost,exactly*--

等置?于第一?個as之前。?

[誤]HeissameageasTom.?

[正]HeisthesameageasTom.?

[析]thesame…as是固定的用法,其中定冠詞the是不可省也不能換成別的詞的。?

[誤]Motherandherdaughterareexactlylike.?

[正]Motherandherdaughterareexactlyalike.?

*like作為介詞,其意為〃像〃,應(yīng)用于looklike,belike,soundlike,其后要加

賓語。而?alike?是形容詞,或副詞,如:YouandIthinkalike.Thetwinsaredress

edalikeo但alike僅作表語而不能用于名詞前作定語。?

[誤]Whoistallerofthetwo??

[正]Whoisthetallerofthetwo??

[析]兩者的比較級之前要加定冠詞。?

[誤]IhavelessbooksthanTom.?

[正]IhavefewerbooksthanTom.?

[析]less是little的比較級,而fewer是few的比較級。less后應(yīng)加不可數(shù)名詞而

fewer后是可數(shù)名詞。?

[誤]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.TheclevererisMary.?

[正]Therearethreegirlsinmygroup.ThecleverestisMary.?

[析]在兩者之間應(yīng)用比較級,在三者之間或三者以上的范圍內(nèi)應(yīng)用最高級。?

[誤]Theboysatthereasquietashissister.?

[正]Theboysatthereasquietlyashissister.?

[析]as…as的用法要注意的是:①在其中間應(yīng)加形容詞或副詞的原級,而不可加比較

級,也有的語法書中稱為同級比較。②要根據(jù)句意決定是加形容詞還是副詞,這要看它具體是

修飾動詞還是名詞而定,如:Heisasgoodashisfriend.?

[誤]Theharderyoustudy,andyoucanlearnmore.?

[正]Theharderyoustudy,themoreyoucanlearn.?

[析]英文中如果要表達(dá)越來越怎樣,在初中范圍有兩種表達(dá)法:①比較級+and+比較

級。②定冠詞+比較級...,如:Thenightsaregettinglongerandlongero要注意的是

多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級前要加more,這樣的用法是:moreandmore加形容詞,如:Thegirl

isgrowingmoreandmorebeautiful.?

[誤]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingastolearnEnglish.?

[正]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingaslearningEnglish.?

[析]在作比較時,英語一般要求對比的兩部分結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)一致。如用動名詞,應(yīng)都用動名詞,

用不定式時則都用不定式。但有時在后一個不定式前的符號to可以省略。如:Torepairt

heoldoneisasmuchexpensiveas(to)buyanewone.?

[誤]Thegirlismoreclevererthantheboy.?

[正]Thegirlismuchmoreclever(muchcleverer)thantheboy.?

[析]clever有兩個比較級:cleverer和moreclever,要注意的是不能用比較級來修

飾比較級。?clever的兩個比較級也各有不同之處,如用在兩種不同性質(zhì)的比較時多用more

clever,如:Heismorecleverthanhonest.(他的聰明要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過其誠實(shí)。)?

[析]Theboyisthetallesttothethree.?

[正]Theboyisthetallestofthethree.?

[析]最高級的范圍要用。f加復(fù)數(shù)形式或加集合名詞。?

[誤]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionary.?

[正]Thisbookisoneofthemostusefuldictionaries.?

[析]在。neof后面最高級形容詞后要加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。?

[誤]ThisdictionaryisthemuchbestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionar

ies.

[正]ThisdictionaryismuchthebestoneoftheEnglish?Chinesedictionar

ies.

[析]在修飾最高級時應(yīng)用far/byfar/much加the加最高級。但very例外,如:H。

istheverybestplayerintheteam.?

[誤]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercitiesinChina.?

[正]ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.?

[析]在比較級中表示比較對象時如用anyother其后一般要加單數(shù)名詞。?

[誤]MostofstoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[IE]MostofthestoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[正]MoststoriesinthisbookarewritteninEnglish.?

[析]〃大多數(shù)”一詞的表達(dá)法有mostofthe+名詞,或most+名詞。當(dāng)用前一種結(jié)構(gòu)時,

其后面的定冠詞不可少。?

[誤]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthisroom.?

[正]Thetemperatureofthatroomishigherthanthatofthisroom.?

[析]比較級用于兩句話之間時.,比較的部分不可省略掉,但為了避免重復(fù),一般都要用

Ihat代替前面的單數(shù)名詞,而用those代替前面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,如:Thebooksinthatboxar

ebiggerthanthoseinthisbox。?

[誤]Heisnomorehere.Maybeheisathome.?

[正]Heisnolongerhere.Maybeheisathome.?

[析]nomore在現(xiàn)代英語中多譯為:〃從此再也不會了〃,如:Hisvoiceisnomoreh

ere.他已經(jīng)去世了,他的聲音不可能再出現(xiàn)了。而用nolonger表達(dá)目前的狀態(tài)。要注意

下面幾組句子的實(shí)際含意:?Thisroomisnocleanerthanthatone.即兩間屋子都不干

凈。(兩者都不干凈)Thisroomisnotcleanerthanthatone,即這屋子不如那間干凈。

(前者不如后者干凈。即一間干凈,一間不干凈。)?

(三)例題解析?

1?IthinkChineseis___thanmaths.?

A.interestingB?moreinteresting?

C.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting?

[答案]B.?

[析]在有than作比較的句子中應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級。?

2?-WhatdoesLucylikebetter,singingordancing??

-Singing,ofcourse.She'sknownto___it.?

A.begoodatB.begoodfor

C.bebadatD.bebadfor?

[答案]A.?

[析]begoodat為固定搭配,意為〃擅長作某事〃。初中英語中有些這樣的固定用法應(yīng)

記牢,而不能似是而非。如:?begoodat,bebadat,bepoorin,beweekin,befit

for?

3?TheHuangHeRiverisoneof___inChina.?

A.ThelongriverB.thelongestriver?

C.thelongestriversD.thelongerriver?

[答案]C.?

[析]在oneof+定冠詞+最高級之后的名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。?

4?Thegirlwas___afraidshethrewherbagaway.?

A.so,thatB.too,toC.too,thatD.enough,to?

[答案]A.?

[析]so-that為〃如此怎樣以至于如何〃,此句意思是:小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包

跑掉了。而too…to的意思為〃如何如何,以至于不能作某事〃。但to的后面是動詞原形,而

不是從句。?

5?Itwas___yesterdaythantoday.?

A.hotB.hoter

C.hotterD.thehottest?

[答案]C.?

[析]用than表達(dá)比較的句中應(yīng)用比較級。?

6?Whichsubjectdoyoulike___,EnglishChineseormaths??

A.bestB.well

C.betterD.good?

[答案]A.?

[析]在兩者之間應(yīng)用比較級,而在三者之間或三者以上用最高級。?

7?Noneofthestudentswatchedit___.?

A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefully

C.carefullyenoughD.enoughcareful?

[答案]C.?

[析]首先應(yīng)判定是選用用來修飾名詞的形容詞還是用來修飾動詞的副詞。這里是修飾

watch這一動詞,應(yīng)選用副詞。當(dāng)enough用來修飾副詞或形容詞時應(yīng)放于被修飾的形容詞或

副詞之后。?

8?___sheeats,___she*11be.?

A.More***fatB.Themoree**fatter?

C.More???thefatterD.Themore***thefatter?

[答案]D.?

[析]the+比較級表示〃越來越……〃本句應(yīng)譯為:她吃得越多,她就會越胖。?

9?Idon'tthinkEnglishis___Chinese.?

A.asimportantasB.notimportantas?

C.notsoimportantD.importantas?

[答案]A.?

[析]think+賓語從句時,應(yīng)采用否定主句的形式,如:中文講,〃我認(rèn)為你不對〃,英文應(yīng)

為:〃我不認(rèn)為你對Idon'tthinkyouareright.所以不能選答案B。而C、D均為不

正確的表達(dá)法。?

10?MissGaoisagoodEnglishteacher.Thestudentsinherclass___Engl

ish.?A.areinterestedinB.areinterestingin?

C.areinterestedatD.areinterestingto?

[答案]A.?

[析]過去分詞常用來修飾人,而現(xiàn)在分詞常用來修飾物,如:aninterestingbook,

實(shí)際上過去分詞含有被動之意,如:interested其含意是“被...所吸引,感動〃。而interes

ting則為〃使人感興趣的〃,如:aninterestingman一個有趣、風(fēng)趣的人。?

11?Thetwinsaretogethermostofthetime.Sotheyneverfeel___.?

A.aloneB.lonely

C.happilyD.friendly?

[答案]B.?

[析]alone意為〃獨(dú)自的,一個人的〃,它只能作表語不能作定語。Iamnotalonein

doingsuchathing.而lonely意為〃寂寞的,孤單的“,如:Theoldmanfeltlonely.要

體會兩個詞的區(qū)別,如:Theoldmanlivedalone,buthedidn'tfeellonely.?

12?Whata___cough!Youseem___ill.?

A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terrible?

C.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly?

[答案]A.?

[析]terrible是形容詞,而terribly是副詞,第一個空是修飾名詞的,所以應(yīng)填入形

容詞。第二個空ill是形容詞,這里terribly是用來修飾ill的。?

13?Thetwofriendswere___pleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgotev

erything.?A.soB.too

C.veryD.much?

[答案]A.?

[析]這里用的是so…that的固定搭配。?

14?Whichis___,LiLei'sboxorHanMeimei*sbox??

A.heavyB.heavier

C.moreheavierD.theheaviest?

[答案]B.?

[析]兩者之間用比較級,三者或以上用最高級。?

15?Youdon,tlikethesamecoloursandIdon'tlikethem,___.?

A.tooB.also

C.eitherD.neither?

[答案]C.?

[析]在否定句中也應(yīng)用either,而不要用too,因too用于肯定句中。?

16?Jimisatallhislessons.AndI'msurehe*11dovery___inthee

xams.?

A.well,goodB.good,well

C.well,wellD.good,good?

[答案]B.?

[析]good為形容詞,如:Heisgood.他是個好人。而well作為身體狀況的好壞講時

是形容詞,如:Heiswell為他身體不錯,而作為其他意思時為副詞,如:HespeaksEnglish

well.?

17?Youlook___thanbefore,why??

A.morethinB.morethinner

C.muchmorethinD.muchthinner?

[答案]D.?

[析]多音節(jié)形容詞才用more或most加形容詞來表示其比較級或最高級,而thin的比

較級為thinnero?

18?Let'sgooutforsuppernow.Vmvery___.?

A.hungryB.angry

C.tiredD.thirsty?

[答案]A.?

[析]hungry-餓,angry-生氣,tired-緊,疲勞,thirsty-口渴。要注意名詞的詞義。?

19?-Canyouunderstandme??

-Sorry,Ican___understandyou.?

A.hardlyB.almost

C.evenD.ever?

[答案]A.?

[析]hardly為一否定詞,用在句中時應(yīng)被看作是否定句。在答語H」Sorry決定了其意

為〃聽不明白",所以只能選hardlyo?

20?〃___doyouwritetoyourpenfriend?”?

Abouttwiceamonth.,z?

A.HowoftenB.Howsoon

C.HowmuchD.Howlong?

[答案]A.?

[析]howoften用來提問某一動作經(jīng)多久就要發(fā)生一次,也就是提問發(fā)生的頻率。how

soon是問從現(xiàn)在起還有多久。?

21?ChangjiangRiveris___riverinChina??

A.longB.longer

C.longestD.thelongest?

[答案]D.?

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