中外文化比較專題智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年

中外文化比較專題智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年中外文化比較專題Inuncertaintyavoidancesociety,()

A:PeoplehaveahighdegreeofdemocraticneedforsecurityB:CompaniesencourageemployeestobecreativeC:PeoplebelieveinabsoluteloyaltyandexpertiseD:Corporateactivitiesarestronglystructuredandtherearemanywrittenregulations答案:CompaniesencourageemployeestobecreativeLongtermorientationstandsforthefosterinasocietyofpragmaticvirtuesorientedtofuturerewards.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確Alegalprecedentinonedistrictcourtisnotbindinginanothercourt.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確Accordingtosurveyin2002,theimageoflawyersintheUSisnotquitepositive.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確WesternmedicineisaNaturalScience.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確TheaverageincomeoflawyersinBeijingisabouttwiceasmuchasthatofalloccupationsin2019.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Comparedwithwesternmedicine,traditionalChinesemedicinepaysmoreattentiontothepreventionofdisease.（

）

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確Ajudgeisachiefinvestigatorbothincivillawcourtandcommonlawcourttrials.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯Syndromedifferentiationandtreatment(辯證論治)isoneoftheoreticalcharacteristicsofTCM.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確IndividualismvscollectivismistheculturaldimensionthatcanbemeaningfullyusedtodistinguishAmericanculturefromChineseculture.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確InTCM,peoplebelieve“Seeingisbelieving”,andthatexperimentisbetterthanexperience.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯誤Inwesternmedicine,peopleordoctorspaymuchattentiontothemicroandisolatedelements.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Inancienttimes,itwasmainlythroughthepulsediagnosisofTCMtoseewhetherafemaleispregnantornot..()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確Inthehighpowerdistancesocieties,theyhavespontaneousinnovations.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯誤Cultureisaverylargeandevasiveconceptandthatthereisnotoneaspectofhumanlifethatisnottouchedandalteredbyculture.(）

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Interculturalcommunicationjustreferstothecommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcountries,likeonebetweenaChineseandanAmericanperson.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯誤Thehighertheindividualismvscollectivismscore,themoreinclineditistocollectivism.()

A:錯B:對答案:錯“Fiveprinciplesofpeacefulcoexistence“isthefoundationofChina’sforeignpolicy.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Infemininesocieties,workisanacceptableexcusetoneglectsthefamily.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:錯誤LawyersinEnglandareeithersolicitorsorbarristers.（

）

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確BookofPunishment(Xingshu)isthefirstwrittenlawinChinesehistory.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確Askingandcomparingeachother’sageonsomeinformaloccasionsisstillacceptableinChinanow.（）

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確ThedifferentnationalheroesrespectivelypraisedinChinaandAmericaindicatethecontrastiveculturalvaluesinthetwocultures.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確TraditionalChinesemedicinesuggeststhatdiseasesarecausedbyinharmonybetweenhumanbodyandtheenvironmentortheirdisequilibriumbetweeninternalorgans.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Evennow,collectivismisbelievedtobethecorevalueofChineseculture.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確MorethanhalfofthepresidentsinthehistoryoftheUShavealaw-relatedbackground.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Incollectivisticcultures,individualsarerequiredtobeloyaltothegroupandthegroupisnotsupposedtotakecareoftheindividualmembers.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:錯誤Inindividualisticcultures,peopleemphasizeaweconsciousnessandasenseofbelonging.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯Culturalvalueshelpshapepeople’spersonalities,andeveninfluencethewaypeoplespeak.()

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Precisionmedicine(精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療)isamethodofdiseasepreventionandtreatmentthattakesintoaccountthedifferencesofindividualgenes,environmentandlivinghabits.()

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確WhichisthecharacteristicofWesternmedicine().

A:evidence-basedreasoning(循證推理)B:personalizeddiagnosisandtreatmentC:empiricalintuition(經(jīng)驗(yàn)直覺)D:broadbranches答案:AI參考:正確答案是B:personalizeddiagnosisandtreatment。\n\n選項(xiàng)A和D與西方醫(yī)學(xué)的特點(diǎn)無關(guān)，選項(xiàng)C是中醫(yī)的特點(diǎn)。西方醫(yī)學(xué)的特點(diǎn)是針對個體化的診斷和治療，即根據(jù)病人的具體情況制定個性化的治療方案，因此選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。'（)requirethatindividualsbeloyaltothegroup,andinturn,thegroupistotakecareoftheindividualmembers.Inthesecultures,peopleemphasizeaweconsciousnessandasenseofbelonging.

A:IndividualisticculturesB:Status-orientedculturesC:Person-orientedculturesD:Collectivisticcultures答案:AI參考:正確答案是D：Collectivisticcultures。\n集體主義文化強(qiáng)調(diào)的是個體對群體的忠誠，同時群體也照顧個體成員，這種文化中，人們強(qiáng)調(diào)一種我們意識及歸屬感。因此，選項(xiàng)D“集體主義文化”是正確答案。選項(xiàng)A個人主義文化、選項(xiàng)B以地位為導(dǎo)向的文化和選項(xiàng)C以人為導(dǎo)向的文化均與題干中描述的文化特征不符。'（）istheextenttowhichthemembersofacultureofanationalsociety,afeelthreatenedbyambiguousandunknownsituations.

A:IndividualismB:LongtermorientationC:UncertaintyavoidingD:Powerdistance答案:AI參考:C:Uncertaintyavoiding\n\nUncertaintyavoidingreferstotheextenttowhichpeopleinacultureperceiveanddealwithambiguityandunknownsituationsinafearfulornervousmanner.Inotherwords,itreferstotheextenttowhichmembersofaculturalornationalsocietyfeelthreatenedbyambiguousandunknownsituations.答案是C不確定回避，指的是文化或民族社會中的成員以恐懼或緊張的方式感知和處理模糊和未知情況的程度。它衡量的是一個人對模糊和未知情況的處理方式，而不是個人的性格特征。因此，選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。'Commonlawsystemisalsocalled（

）？

A:Anglo-AmericanlawsystemB:continentallawsystemC:RomanlawsystemD:civillawsystem答案:AI參考:正確答案是【A:Anglo-Americanlawsystem】。\n\n普通法系又稱英美法系，以英國普通法為基礎(chǔ)發(fā)展起來的法律的總稱，主要包括英國、美國和加拿大等國家的法律。故答案為A。'WhocannotbeconsideredinlegalprofessioninChina?()

A:NotariesB:CityMayorC:ProsecutorD:Lawyers答案:AI參考:正確答案是D:Lawyers。\n律師屬于法律職業(yè)，而A選項(xiàng)公證人不是法律職業(yè)；B選項(xiàng)市長是公務(wù)員；C選項(xiàng)檢察官是公務(wù)員的一種。只有D選項(xiàng)符合。所以選D，中國不認(rèn)可“notaries”（公證人）、“citymayor”（市長）、“Prosecutor”（檢察官），但是認(rèn)可“l(fā)awyers”（律師）的職業(yè)地位。\n\n這個問題不用做復(fù)雜的背景分析，只要了解每個選項(xiàng)的具體含義就可以輕松選擇出正確答案。'WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?()

A:People’sjurorsinChinaserveafive-yeartermwithnoconsecutiveservices(不連任)B:ThecommonlawsystemisalsocalledcaselawsystemorRomanlawsystem.C:providedlegalserviceforpeopleandstartedthecareerof“zhuangshi”inancientChina.D:Theadversarialsystemandtheinquisitorialsystemappliedincourttrialsadoptdifferentapproachesbutpursuethesamepurpose.E:DengXi(770BC-501B答案:AI參考:正確答案是E:DengXi(770BC-501B)。\n這道題考察的是對中國法律制度的了解，其中A、B、C、D選項(xiàng)都是關(guān)于中國法律制度的正確描述，而E選項(xiàng)關(guān)于DengXi的時間描述有誤，所以E選項(xiàng)是唯一不正確的選項(xiàng)。'（）isthewriterofthebookWhenChinaRulesTheWorld:TheRiseOfTheMiddleKingdomAndTheEndOfWesternCivilization(2010).

A:GeertHofstdedB:MarioMontiC:EdwardHallD:MartinJacques答案:AI參考:正確答案是D:MartinJacques。\n\n根據(jù)題目中的信息，該書作者是MartinJacques，因此D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)中，GeertHofstded、MarioMonti和EdwardHall都不是該書的作者。'Whichofthefollowingisnotafruitinabotanical(植物學(xué)的)sense?()

A:CabbageB:PumpkinC:TomatoD:Cucumber答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:cabbage。\n\n在植物學(xué)的意義上，蔬菜通常不被視為水果，而cabbage（卷心菜）屬于蔬菜，因此不是水果。而pumpkin（南瓜）、tomato（西紅柿）和cucumber（黃瓜）都是常見的水果。因此，答案是A。'Inthe()societies,bothfatherandmothershoulddealwithfactsandfeeling.

A:FeminineB:uncertaintyavoidingC:uncertaintyacceptingD:masculine答案:AI參考:正確答案是C:uncertaintyaccepting。\n\n在不確定性接受的社會中，父親和母親都應(yīng)該處理事實(shí)和情感。選項(xiàng)A和D都與問題無關(guān)，選項(xiàng)B與問題相反，因此可以排除。因此，答案為C。'InaclassicalworkofConfucianism，（），thevisionofstategovernanceisadvocated---民為邦本，本固邦寧---peoplearethefoundationofastate,whichcanenjoypeaceonlywhenitsfoundationisfirm.

A:BookofChanges《易經(jīng)》B:BookofRites《禮記》C:BookofSongs《詩經(jīng)》D:BookofDocuments《尚書》答案:AI參考:正確答案是B:BookofRites《禮記》。\n\n在儒家經(jīng)典著作中，民為邦本，本固邦寧是治理國家的理念，強(qiáng)調(diào)人民是國家的基礎(chǔ)，只有基礎(chǔ)穩(wěn)固才能實(shí)現(xiàn)國家的安寧。選項(xiàng)中，《禮記》是最符合描述的書籍。其他選項(xiàng)中的《易經(jīng)》《詩經(jīng)》《尚書》雖然在某些方面有重要價值，但并未涉及治國理念的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。因此，正確答案為B：BookofRites《禮記》。'Ina（）society,individualsfrombirthonwardsareconsideredamemberofthegroup.

A:collectivismB:higherpowerdistance.C:individualism.D:lowerpowerdistance.答案:AI參考:正確答案是C:individualism.。\n\n在個人主義社會中，從出生開始就被視為群體成員的個人。因此，選項(xiàng)C“individualism”是正確答案。collectivism（集體主義）強(qiáng)調(diào)集體利益高于個人利益，而higherpowerdistance（更高的權(quán)力距離）和lowerpowerdistance（較低的權(quán)力距離）與個人主義無關(guān)。'WhichofthefollowingisNOTgoodforclearingthe“fire”oftheheart？()

A:greenbeansporridge（綠豆粥）B:Bittergourd(苦瓜)C:lotusseedsoup(蓮子湯)D:Ginger（生姜）答案:AI參考:選項(xiàng)C:lotusseedsoup(蓮子湯)不利于清“心火”。\n\n蓮子心是寒性的，具有降火作用，但是主要是針對“腎火”“肝火”，對于“心火”效果一般，所以對于清“心火”最好的食物是苦瓜、綠豆、生姜等。蓮子心雖然也有一定的降心火的作用，但是并不適合所有人群，特別是體質(zhì)偏寒、脾胃虛寒的人群不適合服用。因此，蓮子湯并不能很好地清“心火”，所以不是最佳選擇。'In（）,individualautonomyisregardedinanextremelyfavorableway.Inthesecultures,individualsareencouragedtobeuniqueandindependentratherthan