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Unit2
TextITheFineArtofPuttingThingsoff1/54putoffdelay
delayerpostpone
postponerprocrastinate
procrastinator2/54QuestionsAreyouaprocrastinator?Whendoyouprocrastinate?Why?3/544style:
inaformalstylewithahumoroustone
serioushumourous,sarcasticwritingmethods:examplesquotationsplayingonwordsuseofformalwordsinarestrainedexaggeration4/545StructureI.(p1-2)Procrastinationisacommonscene.II.(p3-8)Manypeopleprocrastinateandwhy theyprocrastinate.III.(p9)Conclusion:manyideasanddecisions maywellimproveifpostponed.5/546PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneP14examples:famouspeople’sprocrastinationLordChesterfield
twofaults:1)nevermarriedhisson’smother2)keptDr.JohnsonwaitingforalongtimeQuintusFabiusMaximusMosesHamlet6/547PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneMoses
摩西
aBiblicalHebrewreligiousleader,aprophetMoses’lifeinEgypt--IsraeliswereslavesofPharaohforabout400years.--PharaohtriedtokillallthemaleIsraelibabiesbydrowningintheriver.--raisedbyPharaoh’sdaughter--killedanEgyptianwhowasbeatingaHebrew--leftEgyptandwenttoMidiantobeashepherd7/548PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneMosesbecame“themessengerfromGod”--GodtoldhimtobethepersontofreetheHebrewsfromEgypt.--Mosesbeggednottobethespokesman.--GodhadMosespracticetransforminghisrodintoaserpentandinflictingandhealingleprosy,andtoldhimthathecouldalsochangewatertoblood.--MosesbeggedGodfurther,soGodallowedhisbrother,Aarontobethespokesman.--wenttoPharaohandrequestedthattheHebrewsbeallowedtoworshipGodfor3daysinthewilderness.--demonstratedthepowerofGodwith10plagues8/549PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscenePassover(latemarchorfirstofApril)逾越節(jié)
Godsendthe“Destroyer”tokillthefirstbornsoninEgyptianfamilies.Israelifamiliesweretoldtocoattheirdoorwithlambblood,sothe“Destroyer”wouldpassovertheirhomes.TheExodusfromEgypt(around1250B.C.)出埃及記--PharaohlettheHebrewsgobutthenwentafterthem--TheRedSeaopenedupfortheHebrewsandclosedontothefollowingEgyptianarmy.--MosesledtheHebrewstothepromisedland–Canaan,alandflowingwithmilkandhoney.9/5410PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneAanimatedfilmaboutMoses:
thePrinceofEgypt10/5411PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneLord:amanwitharankinthearistocracyinBritainLadyaristocratictitles:duke公爵
marquis侯爵
earl伯爵
viscount子爵 baron男爵
duchess公爵夫人 marchioness侯爵夫人 countess伯爵夫人
viscountess子爵夫人 baroness男爵夫人11/5412PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneexhort:trytopersuadesb.todosth.e.g.富蘭克林在他《自傳》里力勸讀者要勤儉。FranklinexhortedreaderstobediligentandthriftyinhisAutobiography.getaroundtodoingsth.:finallydosth.youhavebeenintendingtodoforalongtime來得及做,找到時間做e.g.WhenIfinallygetaroundtobuyingChristmascards,itwastoolate.worthy:n.animportant,respectableperson
12/5413PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneattestto:prove,show,testifytoe.g.Theluxuriousfurnishingsattesttothefamily’swealth.
誰能證實(shí)這個署名無訛。
Whocanattesttotheauthenticity/genuinenessofthesignature?well-intentioned:trytobehelpfulbutfailingormakingthingsworse善意,好心13/5414PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneFabianism:
費(fèi)邊主義
agradualorcautiouspolicy慎重持久消磨策略dub:givesb.ahumorousnamee.g.人們給他起了個“小家伙”綽號,因?yàn)榫退昙o(jì)而言,他看上去長得很小。
Heisdubbed“Tiny”becausehelookssmallforhisage.cunctation,cunctatorthelast/best/biggest/fastestpossible…最…14/5415PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneplead:v.toaskearnestlyandinanbeggingwaygive…asanexcuse提出…為借口pleadsth.asthereasonfor…speechdefect:stammer,slowofspeechedict:officialorder15/5416PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneP2twokindsofpeopledelayersdo-it-nowersHowmanyofthemrespectively?Whatarethetwokindsofpeoplelike?16/5417PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonsceneungodly:
infmlunreasonable,annoying不可思議extension:anadditionalperiod延期a,poca’lyptic:catastrophic,foreboding,indicatingimminentdisasterorfinaldoom預(yù)示世界末日threatendoom:threatendeath/theendFaustianencounters
withthedevil:undesirablemeetings17/5418PartII(p3-8)Whypeopleprocrastinatep3procrastinationamongwritersp4procrastinationinthemilitary,diplomacyandlawp5procrastinationinbusinessp6procrastinationinthegovernment,economicinstitutionsandlanguagesp7procrastinationinacademep8procrastinationamongpsychologistsandreasonsofprocrastinationgivenbypsychologists18/5419p3WritingmethodExamplesJeanKerrmanyawriterToneseriouswords–exaggeration,overstatement–humor,sarcasm19/5420p3forall:inspiteofe.g.Forallhisefforts,hestillfailedtheexam.Shestillloveshimforallthat.incur:cause,leadtoe.g.incurloss受損
incurdanger遭受危險(xiǎn)
incurdebt負(fù)債
incurgreatexpense產(chǎn)生很大花費(fèi)20/5421p4WritingmethodExamplesaBritishproconsulaU.S.generalinWWIIattorneyswhodiewithoutawillQuotationToneseriouswords–exaggeration,overstatement–humor,sarcasm21/5422p4monopoly:sth.belongtoonepersononly壟斷,獨(dú)有proconsul:administratorofacolony
殖民地總督ruminate:thinkforalongtimeruminateover/on/aboutcf.ponder,muse,meditate,reflect,speculate,contemplate,brood,deliberatenattering:noisy22/5423p5WritingmethodQuotationRhetoricdevicesWherethereisnowill,thereisaway.punparody23/5424p5pun:
aformofwordplaythatdeliberatelyusesambiguitybetweensimilar-soundingwords,whichiscausedbyintentionalmisuseofhomophonical(同音或同形異義詞)andpolysemicwords一詞多義雙關(guān)Heisnotagravemanuntilheisagraveman.Timeflieslikeanarrow,fruitflieslikeabanana.Wemusthangtogether,orweshallallhangseparately.Whyarelawyersalluneasysleepers?Becausetheyliefirstononeside,andthenontheother,andremainwideawake.24/5425p5諧音雙關(guān)Theyprayforyoutodayandpreyonyoutomorrow.HedrovehisexpensivecarintoatreeandfoundouthowtheMercedesbends(Benz).Abicyclecan’tstandonitsownbecauseitistwo-tiered.25/5426p5parody:apieceofwritingintendedtoamusebyimitatingthestyleofwritingusedbysomebodyelse仿擬仿詞,仿句,仿篇球籍–whitecollar,gray-collar,goldencollar,pink-collar–FirstMother–cold-line–學(xué)海無涯,諾亞舟–Togoornottoto?Thatisthequestion.–Awordintimesavesnine--國籍bluecollarFirstLady,FirstFamilyhot-line學(xué)海無涯苦作舟Toornottobe?Thatisthequestion..Astitchintimesavesnine.26/5427parodyTwinkle,twinkle,littlebat!HowIwonderwhereyou’reat!Upabovetheworldyoufly,Likeatea-trayinthesky.--AliceinWonderlandTwinkle,twinkle,littlestar,HowIwonderwhereyouare!Upabovetheworldsohigh,Likeadiamondinthesky.27/5428p5echelon:rankfortify:tobuildwallsaroundatown/citytodefendit;tostrengthen,supporte.g.afortifiedcityfortifyyourargumentwithstatisticsGoodeatinghabitshelptofortifythebodyagainstdiseases.delicateedge:subtleline/difference28/5429p6Hispointiswelltaken:Manypeopleagreewithhim.takeone’spointe.g.Itakeyourpoint.bureaucratization
官僚主義化bureaubureaucracybureaucratbureaucraticbureaucratese官腔29/5430p6 smother:killsb.byputtingsth.overhisface;restrainbeyond:outofeconomicinstitutionsbestuddedwith:coverasurfaceorareawithmanysmallthings點(diǎn)綴e.g.Thefieldisstuddedwithdaisies.30/5431p6AnyChinesesayings?心急吃不了熱豆腐磨刀不誤砍柴工慢工出細(xì)活31/5432p7academe:theacademiccommunity,college,universitytakehighhonorsin:takepridein,beproudofbeing…churnout:toproducelargequantitiesofsth.withoutcaringaboutquality艱難地寫出,擠出32/5433p7gothroughagonies:haveahardtimewhentheyfaceablandpage:whentheycannotwriteanything,sotheywouldpostponeit.rationalizations:reasons33/5434p8Quotations:Dr.RalphGreenson,JoenFaganmaintain:expressstronglyassiduous:industrioustakeagentleviewof:donotthinksth.isverybadamomentoftruth:atimetomakeadecision,tofaceacrisis34/5435p8subliminal:subconscioussort:separatedragone’sfeet:slowdown,hesitatetotakeaction35/5436p9maywell:verylikelytruism:anundoubtedandself-evidenttruthdeliberation:carefulandlong-timethinkingmellowandmature:becomeripeandmatureassassin:killer36/5437p9manyideasanddecisionsmaywellimproveifpostponedbemeantto:shoulde.g.Thepoliceismeanttoprotectpeople.YouaremeanttotakeoffyourshoesbeforeenteringaHindutemple.devour:eatalotofsth.fast;wasteconsume:eatordrinksth.slowly;enjoyAMetaphor
37/5438p9pace[‘peisi:]:I’msorry,but…byallmeans:
1)ofcourse當(dāng)然能夠e.g.–CanIborrowyourbicycle?--Byallmeans.Ifyouwanttousethephone,byallmeansdo.2)務(wù)必,不論怎樣Arrivethereontimebyallmeans.38/5439Expressions平分習(xí)慣性拖延倉促行事微妙界限推崇采取溫和態(tài)度面對真相時刻甄別事情輕重緩急不無道理一樣evenlydividedchronicprocrastinationspeedyactionadelicateedgetakehighhonoursintakeagentleviewofthemomentoftruthsorttheimportantfromthetrivialitissomethingofatruismforthatmatter39/5440Coherence連貫cohesivedevices銜接手法Conjunctionyet(P3)also(P7)Lexicalcohesion(repetitionofwords,synonyms)Cunctator(P1,4)will(P4,5)procrastination,delay,postponementpostponers,delayers,procrastinatorsReference指稱
hispoint
(P6)40/54seriouswordshumor=playingonwordsexaggeration(hyperbole)++41/5442exaggeration(hyperbole)夸大thefineartofputtingthingsoffraiseprocrastinationtoanartformTheworldisprobablyaboutevenlydividedbtwdelayersanddo-it-nowers.theapocalypticvoiceofDinersasFaustianencountersLawyerareamongthemostaddictedpostponers.makingprocrastinationaworldwidewayoflifethemostassiduousprocrastinatorsarewomen42/5443SayingsaboutprocrastinationProcrastinationisthethiefoftime. Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.Procrastinationisthebadhabitofputtingofuntilthedayaftertomorrowwhatshouldhavebeendonethedaybeforeyesterday. -NapoleonHillIfyouarenotreadytoday,youwillbeevenlesssotomorrow. -Ovid Idon'twaitformoods.Youaccomplishnothingifyoudothat.Yourmindmustknowithasgottogetdowntowork. -PearlS.BuckDon'twait.Thetimewillneverbejustright. -NapoleonHill43/5444
明日歌明日復(fù)明日,明日何其多。我生待明日,萬事成蹉跎。世人若被明日累,春去秋來老將至。朝看水東流,暮看日西墜。百年明日能幾何?請君聽我《明日歌》!—清
錢鶴灘(1461—1504)
44/54SongoftomorrowTomorrowupontomorrow,Somanytomorrowshavegone!Ifweonlyeyeontomorrow,Nothingintheworldcanbedone!Peoplearecumberedbytomorrow,Asseasonsalternate,oldtheygrow.Inmornings,weseeriverseastwardflow.Atnightfalls,weseesunsetswestwardglow.Thislife,howmanytomorrowsdoyouknow?Pleaselistentomy“SongofTomorrow”.4545/54DiscussionHowcanwecureprocrastination?Listallthewaysyoucanthinkof.Isprocrastinationalwaysbad?Canprocrastinationbegoodsometimes?Ifyes,givesomeexamples.46/5447Homework
ReadTextIIandwriteasummaryofabout200words.Youshouldsumupthemessagesinthearticlefullyandclearly,avoidlistingtoomanyexamples,tryuseyourownwordsinsteadofquotingsentencesfromthearticle.47/54ExercisesTranslation1.1)FranklinexhortedreaderstobediligentandthriftyinhisAutobiography.2)Whocanattesttothegenuinenessofthesignature?3)Heisdubbed“Tiny”becausehelookssosmallforhisage.4)Hetriedtorationalizehisrefusaltotaketheadvice.5)Hiswordsincurredourdispleasure.6)Itisvirtuallyimpossibleforustofinishtheworkwithinsuchashorttime.7)Heruminatedoverthelikelyconsequencesoftheoperation.8)Ittakesmanyyearsofassiduousefforttoreachthatlevelofproficiencyininterpretation.4848/54Exercises2.實(shí)際上,辦事拖延有悠久光榮歷史,標(biāo)明有許多想法和度額定假如擱一擱不馬上定下來話結(jié)果會更加好。推遲做決定本身就是一個決定,這句話有點(diǎn)道理。議會那一套工作體制基本上就是一個再等等、再研究過程。一樣,畫一副巨作、設(shè)計(jì)一道主菜、寫一本書、造一幢像布倫海姆宮那樣房子也都要經(jīng)歷這么過程,這座宮殿抹布羅工以為建筑師和工匠花了整整十五年才建成,在此期間,設(shè)計(jì)方案漸漸成熟。說實(shí)在,趕時間往往會扼殺優(yōu)雅。正如《石中劍》一書作者懷特所言,時間“不是讓我們在一個小時或一天里大口吞下去,時間應(yīng)該是讓我們從容不迫、一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)慢慢消耗”。換句話說–并非對切斯特菲爾德大人不敬–不是今天非要做事大可留到明天去做。4949/54ExercisesGrammar1.predominantly,prevailingpreferentialinadvisable,shrinkagemagnifyingunapproachable,fictitiousunbecoming/becomingunaccountabledisorientationpersuasion,entreatiesirremediable5050/54ExercisesVocabularyB,21-l 2-h 3-k 4-g 5-b 6-j 7-c 8-d9-f 10-i 11-e 12-a5151/54(1)
legal主要有兩層意思:
(a)
oforpertainingtolaw,authorizedorrequiredbylaw法律(上);相關(guān)法律方面;法律要求;法定。如:legalaction訴訟;legaladviser法律顧問;legalaffairs法律事務(wù);legaloffence違法行為;legal-size(紙張)大小適于書寫法律文件;legalrepresentative法定代表人;legalprocedur
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