貴州省貴陽市2021-2022學(xué)年高三適應(yīng)性考試一（一模）英語試題（含答案解析）

貴州省貴陽市2021-2022學(xué)年高三適應(yīng)性考試一（一模）英

語試題

學(xué)校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

AwomanandherfriendswereluckyenoughtoseewildAmurtiger,anendangered

species,fbrtwodaysduringtheNewYearholiday.Theyspottedtherareanimalswhile

drivingonmountain-climbingtripsinHunchun,NortheastChina'sJilinprovince.

Thewoman,surnamedZhao,wasdrivingwithtwofriendswhentheyfirstsawacub

tigerneartheSandaogouvillageofHunchunonJan.1st,CCTVNewsreported.Zhaosaidthe

youngtigerlookedchubbyandcute.Whenthetigersawthem,itturnedandran."Wewished

toseeawildtigeronce,andIdidn'texpectourwishwouldcometrueonthefirstdayofthe

newyear!”Zhaosaid.

Thenextday,whenZhaoandherfriendsdrovetowheretheysawtheyoungtigeraday

before,theyfoundanevenbiggerone.Comparedwiththecub,theadultdidnotrushtorun

awayafterseeingtheircarbutsatthereandwatchedthemforamomentbeforeit“walked

slowlyintothewoods”,Zhaosaid.

“Howluckytheyare!”manynetizenscommented.Theyear2022istheYearoftheTiger

intheChineselunarcalendar.

Accordingtoreports,localresidentsinHunchunhavecomeacrosswildAmurtigers

morethan30timessincethebeginningof2021.AlargeareainHunchunispartofNortheast

China'sTigerandLeopardNationalPark,whichisoneofthecountry'sfirstfivenational

parks.Theparkswillbepartlyopentothepublicandserveas“classrooms“fornature

conservationeducation.TheAmurtigerpopulationinChinasawasharpdeclineinthe1990s.

Thankstopreservationmeasures,thewildAmurtigerpopulationhasbeenexperiencingrapid

growth.

1.HowmanypeoplesawtheAmurtigerontheirtrip?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four

2.Whatdoesheunderlinedpart“acubtiger"mean?

A.anadulttigerB.acutetiger

C.ayoungtigerD.atrainedtiger

3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.ThelocalresidentsofHunchun.B.TheeffectofprotectingAmurtigers.

C.Theclassroomsofleopardeducation.D.Theconstructionofnationalparks.

The33-year-oldAustralianisactuallyastudentininternationalrelationscompletinghis

PhDthroughGriffithUniversity.HecametoBeijingforcooperativeresearchatPeking

Universitylessthantwoyearsago.Suchanacademiclifewasjustaddedcolorwithachance

offeredbytheculturalexchangesproject,'TminChina”.

Bradleywasluckytowinthemost“l(fā)ikes“forhisphotostoryabouthislifeinChinaand

becameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsafteraglobalrecruitment（招募）bytheproject

thissummer.Allthewinners'experienceswerefilmedtoproducearealityshow,MyChinese

WorkingDay,whichwillbebroadcastbymid-September.

BradleywaschosentoworkasarecreationalmanagerforaChinesewedding.Thefilm

crewtookthe20winnerstomany“amazingsites“andthestaffattheresorttaughtthemalot

abouthowto“showmodemChinesetraits（特色）whilestillkeepingtraditionalcustoms'"',

Bradleysaid."Iwouldhavetosaytwothingsstickoutasthemostmemorable:thehelicopter

rideandtalkingwiththestaffatthehotelabouthowtheyorganizeweddingshereinChina,“

hesaid.ThatwasBradley'sfirsttimetobeinahelicopter,andhewastooabsorbedwiththe

viewofthebeautifulcoastline.

“IthinkitissoimportanttoshowotherAustraliansthedifferentsceneriesinChina.I

thinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,theywillimaginethehistoricalsites

ofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaaboutotherbeautiful

placeslikeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTVseriesJ

Bradleysaid

AstotheChinesewedding,theceremonywasquitefamiliartoBradley,whichhesaid

was"verymuchlikeanyweddinghehadbeentobackinAustralia”.Butitwasstill

"interestingtoseehowChinesecouplesbalancethedesiresofamodernweddingwhile

keepingChinesetraditions^^.

4.WhydidBradleycometoChina?

A.TovisitPekinguniversity.B.Todothecooperativeresearch.

C.Toproducearealityshow.D.Toattendaweddingparty.

5.WhatmadeBradleychosenfromtheculturalexchangesproject?

A.Hisappealingphotostory.B.Hisacademiclife.

C.Hisworkingday.D.Hiscolorfulexchangeproject.

6.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?

A.Australiansdon'tknowanythingaboutChina.

B.BradleyhasbeentoBeijingandShanghaibefore.

C.AustraliansknowavarietyofbeautifulplacesinChina

D.BradleywantstobroadenAustralians'eyesofChina

7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Bradley\helicopter.B.Bradley'swedding.

C.BradleyinChina.D.BradleyinSanya.

Whodoyoucountasyourfriends?FromourBFFtoaworkmate,ifsgoodtohave

someonetochatwithoroffercomfortandsupport.Butwhenitcomestofriendship,isit

moreimportanttohavequantityorquality?

Therecentisolation（隔離）wehaveenduredduetothecoronaviruspandemichasmade

someofusquestionourfriendships.We'vefallenoutoftouchwithfriendsand

acquaintances,anditmayfeelawkward,butdoweactuallyhavetorekindle（再續(xù)）every

relationshipweoncehad?Itmightbetimetothinkaboutwhoyoukeptintouchwith,who

youmissedtalkingto,andwhoyoudidn't.Inshort,maybeit'stimetorenewyourlistofreal

mates.

“There'snoneedtostayfriends,awriterforBBCWorklife,BryanLufkinsays,"While

peoplehaveknownforyearsthatfriendshipsarecertainlygoodforyourhealth,expertssay

it'sonlynaturalforacquaintancesandevenfriendstofallbythewayside（半途而度）astime

goeson.It'snothingtofeelguiltyabout.”

Ofcourse,itcanbehardtochoosewho'sinyourfriendshipcircle.ThisiswhatSuzanne

Degges-White,professorofcounsellingatNorthernIllinoisUniversity,callsour

4friendscape9.Shesays,“inlife,aswegothroughcertainstagesandages,ourattention

changes,andwewanttobearoundpeoplewhoarelikeus.”

So,changingfriendsisnormal,butwestillneedthosespecialpalswho'veknownus

longterm.Thesearefriendshipsweinvesttimein.AccordingtoRobinDunbar,aprofessorof

evolutionarypsychologyattheUniversityofOxford,theseareyourinnercircleoffriends一

your“shoulderstocryon”—andyouhavetoseethematleastonceaweektokeepthemin

thatcircle.Headdsthatthefriendsthatdodrift（漸漸疏遠）aremostly''friendshipsof

convenience^^.Buttheadviceforkeepingagoodfriendshipistosharehowyoufeelwith

someoneyoutrust—thiscanhelpstrengthenyourfriendshipaswellasgivingyoubotha

chancetosupporteachother.

8.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Peopleshouldrethinkthefriendshiptheyhad

B.Theisolationisharmfultofriendship.

C.Weshouldkeepintouchwitheveryfriend

D.Covid-19hasmadefriendsfeelawkward.

9.WhatcanwelearnfromBryanLufkin'swords?

A.Itisnecessarytostayfriends.B.ItisgoodtowriteforBBC.

C.Changingfriendshipisquitenonnal.D.Changingfriendshipisbadforhealth.

10.WhydidtheauthorusethewordsfromSuzanne?

A.Suzannewasafriendoftheauthor.

B.Suzanneshareddifferentpointsofview.

C.Theauthorinvented“fYiendseape"withher.

D.Theauthoraimedtostresstheviewpoint

11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howtoinvesttimeinfriendship.B.Howtosupportyourfriends.

C.Howtotrustyourfriends.D.Howtokeepyourfriendship.

Nutrientshortagesmightnotbetheresultofpoordiet.Astudyfrom2004showedthat

manyfruitsandvegetablescontainlessprotein,iron,calcium,andvitaminCthantheydidin

the1950s,thoughcarbohydratelevelshaveincreasedoverthesametimelength.Whilesome

researchersthinkthisdifferenceisexplainedbyfarmersgrowingsweetercultivar,others

believeabiggerfactorisatplay—Earth'schangingatmosphere.

Earth'satmosphericcarbondioxidelevelsarerising.Withinthenext50years,carbon

dioxideconcentrationsareexpectedtoreach550partspermillion,whichisaboutdoublethe

amountmeasuredbeforethemid—19thcentury.Farmingwillbegreatlyaffected:Research

showsthatraisedcarbondioxidelevelswillaffect95percentofplantspecies—including

maincrops,suchaswheat,rice,andpotatoesbycausingessentialminerallevelstodropby6

to8percent.Thoughthisdeclinemaysoundnegligible,itwillhavefar-reaching

consequencesforglobalhealth.

Theinfluencesofanincreasinglycarbon-concentratedatmospherewerefirstobservedin

zooplankton,microscopicseacreaturesthatprimarilyfeedonalgae.Risingcarbondioxide

levelscouldalsohaveasimilareffectonlandplants9nutritionalvalue.Whentheycanmore

easilytransformsunlightintofood,plantspackinahigherconcentrationofcarbohydratesat

theexpenseofprotein,zinc,iron,andotheressentialnutrients.

Willtheincreaseofcarbohydratesandconsequentdecreaseofothernutrientsinyour

mealsmakeadifferenceforyourhealth?Accordingtosomeevidence,yes.Nutrient-rich

plantsarevitalforfightingagainsthealthproblemsaroundtheworld,andlowerlevelsin

naturalsourcesputpopulationsatrisk.Forinstance,studiesshowthat150millionpeople

maybeatriskforproteinshortageby2050,andironshortagemayaffectabillionpregnant

womenwithinthesametimeperiod.

12.Whatcausesthenutrientshortagesinfood?

A.Poordiet.B.Changingatmosphere.C.Farmproduce.

D.Timelength

13.Whatwillhappeninthenext50years?

A.Carbondioxidewillbedoublethanthatatpresent.

B.Carbondioxideofplantspecieswillincrease95%.

C.Plants'minerallevelswilldropby6to8percent.

D.Plantsspecieswillreach550timesasmuch.

14.Whatistheinfluenceofnutrient-lessplantstopeople?

A.Lackofproteinlevels.B.Lackofnaturalsources.

C.Lackofpregnantwomen.D.Lackofcarbohydrates.

15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Earth'sAtmosphericCarbonDioxideLevelB.ClimateChangeandPlantNutrient

Levels

C.MoreFoodLeadingtoBetterHealthD.NaturalResourcesandCarbohydrate

二、七選五

HowtoInspireYourselftoAchieveTopSuccess

Often,manypeoplerisetosuccessfulheightsandfall,nevertospringbackup.

16Hereareafewwaystoinspireyourselftoachievetopsuccess.

Berealisticwithyourgoals.Manypeopleacceptgoal-settingasoneoftheprimarysteps

inanysuccessfuljourney.Whilegoal-settingisthefirststeptosuccess,doingitthewrong

waycansetyouseveralstepsbackandmakeyourjourneystressful.17

18Ideation（構(gòu)思過程）involvestheformationofnewideasandconceptsand

isanessentialprocessinfindingnewwaystocompleteyoursuccessjourney.Theprocess

doesn'tendafterdreamingofnewideas.Goingfurthertowritethemdownandbrainstorming

canhelpyouadjustthem.Notethatwell-constructedideascanmakeeffortmore

manageable,especiallywhensolvingaproblem.Asexpertsalwayssay,"Definetheproblem

well,andthesolutionwillpresentitself.^^

Knowwhentomultitaskandwhentodeepfocus.It9sappealingtoengageinmultiple

taskstogetthingsdone.19However,sometasksmayrequireextremefocusing.

Seasoneddesignandwritingprofessionalsoftentakethisapproach.J.K.Rowling,for

example,spendsmanyweeksawayfromregularlifetowriteherbooks.

Meditate（冥想）whenyoucan.20.You'relikelytoproduceverylittleresults

whenyourmindisblockedandtired.Meditationisagreatwaytoregenerateandfacilitate

yourrestorationprocess.

A.Dreamoftheproblems

B.Writedownideasandbrainstorm

C.Itpaystosetrealisticandmeasurablegoals

D.That'sthereasonwhyweneedtorisetosuccess

E.Restingthemindcanbeanotherformofinspiration

F.Multitaskingmaynotbeabadwayofclearingyourdeskandgeneratingresults

G.That'sbecauserisingtosuccessisonethingandmanagingthesuccessfulstageanother

三、完形填空

Perudemandedcompensation（賠償金）WednesdayfromSpanishenergygiantRepsol

overanoilspill（石油泄漏）.Itmightbecausedbysuddenandbig21froma

volcaniceruptionnearTongaintheSouthPacificbecausevolcaniceruptioncancausewaves.

Authorities22threebeachesonMonday236,000barrels（桶）ofoil

werespilledduringthe24ofanoil-transportingshipatthePampillaoil-processing

factoryoffthecoastnearLima.TheRepsoloilspill“istheworst25disasterin

Limainrecenttimes,andhascausedserious26tohundredsof27

families.t6Repsolmustmakeanimmediate28fortheirloss,“theauthoritysaidon

Twitter."Thisterriblesituationhasputplantsandanimals29intwoprotected

areas,vitnoted.Peruvianauthoritiesfoundlotsofdeadseaanimals30inoil.The

spillhappenedonSaturdayattheoil-processingfactoryintheLimaregion,31a

3-kilometerstretchofbeaches.

Officialsofthefactory32describedthespillas“l(fā)imited“andsaiditwas

workingwithauthoritiesto33thebeaches.''Controllingbarriersthatcoverallof

theaffected34havebeensetup.Andateamof35inseaandland

havebeensent,^^saidthefactory,which36thespillonthewavescausedbythe

volcaniceruptionmorethan10,000kilometersawaybutnotabitonthemishandlingofthe

workerswhomovedtheoilbarrelsoffthe37.

Theoil-processingfactorycouldfacea38ofupto$32.3million,the

39ministryofPerusaidonMonday.Andtheprosecutors（公訴人）haveopened

an40intothecompanyforenvironmentalpollution.

21.A.fishesB.wavesC.firesD.stones

22.A.closedB.discoveredC.destroyedD.named

23.A.beforeB.unlessC.untilD.after

24.A.uploadingB.repairingC.offloadingD.supplying

25.A.agriculturalB.snowyC.ecologicalD.nuclear

26.A.wasteB.damageC.crimeD.storm

27.A.fishingB.poorC.teachingD.rich

28.A.escapeB.advertisementC.encouragementD.payment

29.A.inadvanceB.inairC.atriskD.atwork

30.A.measuringB.decoratedC.swimmingD.covered

31.A.recoveringB.affectingC.creatingD.leaving

32.A.traditionallyB.proudlyC.originallyD.honestly

33.A.cleanupB.takeupC.buildupD.cutup

34.A.animalsB.peopleC.plantsD.zones

35.A.specialistsB.studentsC.journalistsD.stars

36.A.impressedB,spentC.blamedD.put

37.A.truckB.shipC.lineD.store

38.A.failureB.fineC.prizeD.fund

39.A.environmentB.educationC.financeD.defense

40.A.organizationB.entranceC.accountD.investigation

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

閱讀下面材料?，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Thankstosmartphonesandwatches,it'sneverdifficulttofindoutwhatthetimeis

nowadays.However,inancienttimes,peopleweren'tabletofigureoutthetimeofdayso

41（easy）.

InclassicChinesemartialartsnovels,wemightseethephrase“thetimeittakestoburn

anincense(香)stick"42(use)todescribethedeadlineforacontest(比武).Indeed,

thismethodwasusedbymonks(和尚)as43waytokeeptrackoftimeduring

meditation.

However,youmaywonderhowlong44takestobumanincensestick.Of

course,itdependsonmanyfactors,suchastheairtemperatureandwindspeed.Generally,

however,thephrase“tobumanincensestick"45(suggest)onehour.

Therearealsoothersimilarphrases,suchas“thetimeittakestodrinkacupoftea”,

46meanstimeforhotteatocooldownbeforeonecandrinkit.Itisabout10to15

minutes.

Butasthe47(year)havegoneby,people48(change)thedefinitions

oftheseancienttime-tellingmethods.InancientChina,“thetimeittakestoeatameal”

49(be)aboutanhour.Thesedays,withourfast-pacedlifestyles,50

(eat)amealusuallytakesaroundhalfthattime.

五、短文改錯

51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。

文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(八)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多會的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

Recently,Itookpartabasketballcompetition.Wehadtomakesomanyshotsas

possible.Whentheotherplayersbegantoshoot,Ibecomeverynervous.Everyonewasdoing

itperfectly.Iwasworriedthatyouwouldfailtomakeanyshot.Thenitwasmyturn.My

heartwasbeatinghard.Myhandsweretrembling.Suddenly,Iheardmyclassmateshouting,

“Comeon!Go!”Theywerecheeringforme.Thatmademefeelabitmoreconfidently.I

aimedatthebasketorthrewtheballwithoutthink.Tomysurprised,Imadetheshot.Inthe

end,Igotsixpoints,whiletheotherplayersonlygotfive.Iwassoexcited!

Thisexperiencehelpedmeunderstandthatyoushouldn'tbetoomoreshywhenyou're

tryingsomething.

六、其他應(yīng)用文

52.假如你是李華，請你按照以下要點給你的英國筆友Tom寫一封信。

1.你近期所做的一個決定；

2.做出這個決定的原因；

3.你是如何執(zhí)行的。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100字左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。

DearTom,

Howiseverythinggoing?

Allthebest!

Yours,

LiHua

參考答案：

1.C

2.C

3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

這是一篇新聞報道。本文主要報道了一位女士和她的朋友們在中國東北吉林省輝春的登山

旅行中發(fā)現(xiàn)了瀕危物種野生東北虎。

1.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thewoman,sumamedZhao,wasdrivingwithtwofriendswhenthey

firstsawacubtigerneartheSandaogouvillageofHunchunonJan.1st,CCTVNewsreported.

（據(jù)央視新聞報道，1月1日，這名姓趙的女子在輝春三道溝村附近第一次看到一只幼虎

時，正和兩個朋友開車戶可知，姓趙的女子和她的兩名朋友，一共三個人看到了這只東北

虎。因此，在旅行中看到了東北虎的人數(shù)共有C項“Three（三個戶符合題意，故選C項。

2.

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文“Zhaosaidtheyoungtigerlookedchubbyandcute.（趙說這只小老虎看

起來又胖又可愛）''可推知，趙女士發(fā)現(xiàn)的是一只小老虎，劃線詞所在句子的意思是“小老

虎，幼虎”。因此，劃線部分“acubtiger”的意思是C項“ayoungtiger（小虎）”符合題意，故

選C項。

3.

主旨大意題。通讀最后一段，尤其是根據(jù)最后一句"Thankstopreservationmeasures,thewild

Amurtigerpopulationhasbeenexperiencingrapidgrowth.（由于采取了保護措施，野生東北虎

的數(shù)量一直在快速增長戶可知，本段主要闡述由于保護東北虎的措施有了效果，野生東北

虎的數(shù)量在快速增長。因此，最后一段主要講的是B項“TheeffectofprotectingAmurtigers.

（保護東北虎的效果）''符合題意，故選B項。

4.B

5.A

6.D

7.C

【解析】

答案第1頁，共16頁

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了澳大利亞學(xué)生布拉德利來北京大學(xué)進行合作研究期間，參

加了“我在中國”的文化交流項目。

4.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“HecametoBeijingforcooperativeresearchatPekingUniversityless

thantwoyearsago.（不到兩年前，他來到北京大學(xué)進行合作研究）”可知，布拉德利來中國與

北京大學(xué)進行合作研究。因此，布拉德利來中國的原因是B項“Todothecooperative

research.（進行合作研究）”符合題意，故選B項。

5.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Bradleywasluckytowinthemost“l(fā)ikes”forhisphotostoryabout

hislifeinChinaandbecameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsafteraglobalrecruitmentbythe

projectthissummer.（布拉德利很幸運地以他在中國生活的照片故事贏得了最“喜歡”的人，并

成為該項目今年夏天在全球招募的20名參觀景點的獲獎?wù)咧唬笨芍?，布拉德利以他在?/p>

國生活的照片故事成為該項目獲獎?wù)?，所以參與了該項目。因此，讓布拉德利選擇了文化

交流項目的原因是A項“Hisappealingphotostory.（他引人入勝的照片故事）”符合題意，故選

A項。

6.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“IthinkitissoimportanttoshowotherAustraliansthedifferent

sceneriesinChina.IthinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,theywillimagine

thehistoricalsitesofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaabout

otherbeautifulplaceslikeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTV

series…（我認為向其他澳大利亞人展示中國不同的風(fēng)景是非常重要的。我認為很多澳大利

亞人，當(dāng)他們想到中國時，他們會想象北京的歷史遺跡和上海令人興奮的事物，但卻不知

道其他美麗的地方，如三亞或其他許多人們?nèi)ミ^的地方）“可知，通過參加該項目，布拉德

利親身體驗了中國的風(fēng)景，深受感觸，推知此處他以澳大利亞人的視角，希望澳大利亞人

對中國的印象不能僅僅局限于北京和上海這樣的大都市，澳大利亞人應(yīng)該拓寬對中國的視

野，中國還有其他一些值得去欣賞體驗的美麗的地方，例如三亞等等。因此，我們能從第

四段中了解到的是D項“BradleywantstobroadenAustralians'eyesofChina（布拉德利想拓寬

澳大利亞人對中國的視野）”符合題意，故選D項。

7.

答案第2頁，共16頁

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段“HecametoBeijingforcooperativeresearchat

PekingUniversitylessthantwoyearsago.Suchanacademiclifewasjustaddedcolorwitha

chanceofferedbytheculturalexchangesproject,uFminChina”（不到兩年前，他來到北京大學(xué)

進行合作研究。文化交流項目“我在中國”為這種學(xué)術(shù)生活增添了色彩）''可知，本文主要敘

述了澳大利亞學(xué)生布拉德利來中國與北京大學(xué)進行合作研究期間，參與了“我在中國”的文

化交流項目。因此，這篇文章主要講的是C項“BradleyinChina.（布拉德利在中國）”符合題

意，故選C項。

8.A

9.C

10.D

11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

這是一篇說明文。本文闡述了由于冠狀病毒流行，隔離促使人們重新思考他們之間的友

誼。

8.

主旨大意題。通讀第二段尤其是根據(jù)“Inshort,maybeit'stimetorenewyourlistofrealmates.

（簡而言之，也許是時候更新你真正的伙伴名單了）“可知，本段主要討論由于冠狀病毒大流

行期間，隔離使人們失去了與朋友和熟人的聯(lián)系，這也使人們重新思考他們之間的友誼。

因此，第二段主要討論的是A項“Peopleshouldrethinkthefriendshiptheyhad（人們應(yīng)該重新

思考他們之間的友誼）”符合題意，故選A項。

9.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whilepeoplehaveknownforyearsthatfriendshipsarecertainly

goodforyourhealth,expertssayit'sonlynaturalforacquaintancesandevenfriendstofallbythe

waysideastimegoeson.It'snothingtofeelguiltyabout.（沒有必要保持朋友關(guān)系。雖然多年

來人們都知道友誼對你的健康肯定有好處，但專家表示，隨著時間的推移，熟人甚至朋友

都會棄你而去，這是很自然的事。這沒什么好愧疚的）“可知，布萊恩?盧夫金認為熟人甚至

朋友都會棄你而去，是很自然的事，沒有必要為此愧疚，可見他認為友誼改變是很正常

的。因此，我們能從布萊恩?盧夫金的話中了解到C項“Changingfriendshipisquite

normal.（友誼改變是很正常的戶符合題意，故選C項。

答案第3頁，共16頁

10.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Ofcourse,itcanbehardtochoosewho'sinyourfriendship

circle...Shesays,“inlife,aswegothroughcertainstagesandages,ourattentionchanges,andwe

wanttobearoundpeoplewhoarelikeus."（當(dāng)然，很難選擇誰是你的朋友圈中的一員...她

說：“在生活中，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷某些階段和年齡時，我們的注意力會發(fā)生變化，我們希望與我

們相似的人在一起可知，作者在本段第一句拋出觀點：很難選擇誰是你的朋友圈中的一

員，下文又引用了蘇珊娜的話，進一步解釋了人對朋友的需求會隨著某些階段和年齡而變

化，以此強調(diào)其觀點。因此，作者使用蘇珊娜的話的原因是D項“Theauthoraimedtostress

Iheviewpoint作者旨在強調(diào)觀點）”符合題意，故選D項。

11.

主旨大意題。通讀最后一段，尤其是根據(jù)最后一句"Buttheadviceforkeepingagood

friendshipistosharehowyoufeelwithsomeoneyoutrust—thiscanhelpstrengthenyour

friendshipaswellasgivingyoubothachancetosupporteachother.（但是，保持良好友誼的建

議是與你信任的人分享你的感受——這有助于加強你的友誼，并給你們雙方一個互相支持

的機會）”可知，本段提出了保持良好友誼的建議，主要闡述如何保持友誼。因此，最后一

段主要講的是D項“Howtokeepyourfriendship.（如何保持友誼）”符合題意，故選D項。

12.B

13.C

14.A

15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了大氣變化導(dǎo)致了植物缺乏營養(yǎng)，將對全球衛(wèi)生產(chǎn)生深遠

的影響。文章介紹了大氣變化是如何影響植物的以及植物缺乏營養(yǎng)會對人類造成的影響。

12.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whilesomeresearchersthinkthisdifferenceisexplainedby

farmersgrowingsweetercultivar,othersbelieveabiggerfactorisatplay-Earth'schanging

atmosphere.（雖然一些研究人員認為這種差異是由于農(nóng)民種植了更甜的品種，但其他人認為

更大的因素在起作用——地球的大氣變化）“可知，大氣變化導(dǎo)致了食物的營養(yǎng)短缺。故選

Bo

答案第4頁，共16頁

13.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Withinthenext50years,carbondioxideconcentrationsare

expectedtoreach550partspermillion,whichisaboutdoubletheamountmeasuredbeforethe

mid—19thcentury.Farmingwillbegreatlyaffected:Researchshowsthatraisedcarbondioxide

levelswillaffect95percentofplantspecies—includingmaincrops,suchaswheat,rice,and

potatoesbycausingessentialminerallevelstodropby6to8percent.（在接下來的50年里，二

氧化碳濃度預(yù)計將達到百萬分之550,大約是19世紀中期之前測量值的兩倍。農(nóng)業(yè)將受到

極大影響：研究表明，二氧化碳水平的提高將影響95%的植物物種——包括主要作物，如

小麥、水稻和土豆，導(dǎo)致必需礦物質(zhì)含量下降6%至8%戶可知，未來50年植物的礦物質(zhì)含

量將下降6%到8%。故選C。

14.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Nutrient-richplantsarevitalforfightingagainsthealthproblems

aroundtheworld,andlowerlevelsinnaturalsourcesputpopulationsatrisk.Forinstance,studies

showthat150millionpeoplemaybeatriskforproteinshortageby2050,andironshortagemay

affectabillionpregnantwomenwithinthesametimeperiod.（富含營養(yǎng)的植物對于對抗世界各

地的健康問題至關(guān)重要，而天然來源的營養(yǎng)素水平降低使人口處于危險之中。例如，研究

表明，到2050年，1.5億人可能面臨蛋白質(zhì)短缺的風(fēng)險，而鐵的短缺可能在同一時期影響

10億孕婦）“可知，缺乏營養(yǎng)的植物會造成人類蛋白質(zhì)水平缺乏。故選A。

15.

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Astudyfrom2004showedthatmanyfruitsandvegetablescontain

lessprotein,iron,calcium,andvitaminCthantheydidinthe1950s,thoughcarbohydratelevels

haveincreasedoverthesametimelength.Whilesomeresearchersthinkthisdifferenceis

explainedbyfarmersgrowingsweetercultivar,othersbelieveabiggerfactorisatplay-Earth's

changingatmosphere.（2004年的一項研究表明，與20世紀50年代相比，許多水果和蔬菜

所含的蛋白質(zhì)、鐵、鈣和維生素C都減少了，盡管碳水化合物含量在同一時期有所增加。

雖然一些研究人員認為這種差異是由于農(nóng)民種植了更甜的品種，但其他人認為更大的因素

在起作用——地球的大氣變化）''結(jié)合文章主要說明了大氣變化導(dǎo)致了植物缺乏營養(yǎng)，將對

全球衛(wèi)生產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。文章介紹了大氣變化是如何影響植物的以及植物缺乏營養(yǎng)會對

人類造成的影響?？芍?，B選項“氣候變化和植物營養(yǎng)水平”最符合文章標題。故選B。

16.G

答案第5頁，共16頁

17.C

18.B

19.F

20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

這是一篇說明文。本文作者闡述了激勵自己取得最大成功的方法。

16.

根據(jù)上——句“Often,manypeoplerisetosuccessfulheightsandfall,nevertospringbackup（通

常，許多人會成功地爬到高處，然后跌倒，再也不會振作起來廣可知，G選項“That's

becauserisingtosuccessisonethingandmanagingthesuccessfulstageanother（這是因為爬起

來走向成功是一回事，成功階段的管理是另一回事）“切題，該選項與上一句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)

系，解釋了許多人許多人爬到成功的高度又跌倒了，再也沒有振作起來的原因，是因為成

功階段需要管理，且該選項中的“rising”與上一句中的“rise”相呼應(yīng)。故選G項。

17.

根據(jù)上文“Berealisticwithyourgoals...Whilegoal-settingisthefirststeptosuccess,doingitthe

wrongwaycansetyouseveralstepsbackandmakeyourjourneystressful（對你的目標要現(xiàn)

實……雖然目標設(shè)定是通往成功的第一步，但錯誤的做法會讓你倒退幾步，讓你的旅程充

滿壓力）”可知，本段主要闡述設(shè)定的目標要現(xiàn)實，因此，C選項“Itpaystosetrealisticand

measurablegoals.（設(shè)定現(xiàn)實的、可衡量的目標是值得的）”切題。該選項中的“realistic”與上文

“realistic”相呼應(yīng)。故選C項。

18.

根據(jù)下文“Ideationinvolvestheformationofnewideasandconceptsandisanessentialprocessin

findingnewwaystocompleteyoursuccessjourney.Theprocessdoesn'tendafterdreamingof

newideas.Goingfurthertowritethemdownandbrainstormingcanhelpyouadjust