新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit3ConservationSectionⅤWriting課件北師大版選擇性

Unit3

ConservationSectionⅤ

Writing寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)概要寫(xiě)作概要寫(xiě)作首先考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力,其次考查學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作應(yīng)用能力。其要求是將一篇350詞左右的文章,通過(guò)提煉關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),用自己的語(yǔ)言濃縮成60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。概要寫(xiě)作分以下4步:Step1:通讀全文,把握文體:記敘文、說(shuō)明文還是議論文?Step2:將文章分成幾個(gè)部分,并找出每部分的中心(要點(diǎn)):看看有沒(méi)有中心句,高頻重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞。Step3:替換每段的中心句:不能照抄原句,所以,我們可以用以下方法,改寫(xiě)已經(jīng)找出的中心句。1.同義替換:將關(guān)鍵詞匯替換成同義詞、同義詞組或者改換詞性。2.主被動(dòng):將原文的主動(dòng)句變成被動(dòng)句。3.從句與非謂語(yǔ):可以將兩種語(yǔ)法互換。例如原句如果是定語(yǔ)從句,則改寫(xiě)的時(shí)候換成非謂語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。Step4:加入句子與句子之間的關(guān)系詞。在概要寫(xiě)作中,一定要牢記以下幾點(diǎn):1.不照抄原文;2.不要加入文章提到的例子或者具體的數(shù)據(jù);3.不給予個(gè)人評(píng)價(jià);4.詞數(shù)在40~80之間;5.用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞;6.不要分段。常用句式1.定語(yǔ)從句Althoughitisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therateatwhichthisisnowhappeningiscauseforconcern.雖然物種的自然滅絕并不罕見(jiàn),但現(xiàn)在滅絕的速度讓人擔(dān)憂。針對(duì)訓(xùn)練Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestionmark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.參考范文Itisbelievedthatduringhunter-gatherers’time,therewereabout12,000languages.Withthesepeoplesettlingdowntobefarmers,languagesbecamefewerandmorefixed.Recently,manyfactorsinsocialchangeledtothedisappearanceoflanguagesandmajorlanguageslikeEnglishbegantotakecontrol.Currently,thereareapproximately6,800languagesunevenlydistributedglobally,someofwhicharedyingoutbecauseoffewerspeakers.Itisunlikelythattheywillsurvive.寫(xiě)作提示必備詞匯:表達(dá)上下文聯(lián)系的詞:時(shí)間先后:later,soon,then,withtimegoingby,currently,presently,eventually因果或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:so,therefore,asaresult,nevertheless,instead,however,suddenly(allofasudden)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:what’smore,wha