英語(yǔ)教案句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)_第1頁(yè)
英語(yǔ)教案句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)_第2頁(yè)
英語(yǔ)教案句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)_第3頁(yè)
英語(yǔ)教案句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)_第4頁(yè)
英語(yǔ)教案句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩12頁(yè)未讀 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

星海教育2016年暑假雙流校區(qū)

目標(biāo)滿分班名師培優(yōu)精講

第JJ井

【教學(xué)標(biāo)題】

英語(yǔ)句子成分

【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】

讓學(xué)生完全掌握英語(yǔ)句子的成分問(wèn)題,使學(xué)生能夠更好的理解句子結(jié)

構(gòu)

【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)】

1.句子成分的劃分

2.句子的主要成分

3.句子的次要成分

4.作各個(gè)成分相應(yīng)的詞性

【教學(xué)難點(diǎn)】

1.句子的主要成分

2.狀語(yǔ)的識(shí)別

3.定語(yǔ)的識(shí)別

4.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

【教學(xué)內(nèi)容】

句子成分的定義:構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分:主要成分有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ);次要成分有表語(yǔ)、賓

語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。

A.主語(yǔ):主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、

疑問(wèn)句(當(dāng)主語(yǔ)不疑問(wèn)詞時(shí))和倒裝句中,主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后

面。主語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語(yǔ)從句

等表小。

一句話語(yǔ)法:主語(yǔ)由名詞性的詞來(lái)充當(dāng).

例如:

Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreand

morepopular.(名詞)

ThestudentsalllovetheirEnglishteacher.

WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)

Theygotoschoolbybus.

One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.(數(shù)詞)

Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)

Toseeistobelieve.

Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(動(dòng)名詞)

WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.

It'snouseregrettingit.

Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名詞化的形容詞)

WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主

語(yǔ)從句)

Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主

語(yǔ)為后面的不定式)

B.謂語(yǔ):謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ),一

般放在主語(yǔ)之后。注意動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞為非謂語(yǔ),不能作謂語(yǔ)。

一句話語(yǔ)法:謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)。

有很多同學(xué)在寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候||就是要么亂用be動(dòng)詞,要么句子沒(méi)

有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.

1、可作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞一般為行為動(dòng)詞(表動(dòng)作)和連系動(dòng)詞(表狀態(tài)),行為

動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否可直接接賓語(yǔ),又可分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。

(1)、及物動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)

Weshouldhelpeachother

Theyrespectoneanother.

Allofthestudentslikethenovel.

Didyouseemanypeoplethere

(2)、不及物動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)

Helefthereyesterday.

You'redrivingtoofast.

Theteachercamein,bookinhand.

HewentabroadintheSeptemberof1988.

(3)連系動(dòng)詞表狀態(tài)

Heisanexcellentteacher.

Hersonisafriendofours.

Oursisagreatcountry.

Theboxitselfisnotsoheavy.

2、謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成如下:

(11簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ):由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如:Hepracticesrunning

everymorning.

(2\復(fù)合謂語(yǔ):(a)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。注意:這

里面的動(dòng)詞原形非常重要.如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.He

hascaughtabadcold.(b)由系動(dòng)詞加表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如:Wearestudents.

C.表語(yǔ):表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞(如be,

become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、形

容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞及表語(yǔ)從句表示。

一句話語(yǔ)法:表語(yǔ)使用形容詞,不用副詞!例如:

OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名詞)

Theyarebrotherandsister.

Johniscaptainoftheteam.

Isityours(代詞)

WhatIwanttosayisthis.

Thepoorboywasmyself.

Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)

Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)

Threetimessevenistwentyone(數(shù)詞)

Herfatherissixty-five.

HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)

Allyouneeddoistotakeataxifromtheairport.

Hishobby(爰好)isplayingfootball.(動(dòng)名詞)

Myfavouritesportisswimming.

Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語(yǔ))

注意:副詞可以做表語(yǔ)的只有幾個(gè),非常簡(jiǎn)單,考試不考,所以上面說(shuō):表語(yǔ)使

用形容詞,不用副詞!我們所復(fù)習(xí)的語(yǔ)法直接針對(duì)高考,不是搞語(yǔ)法研究,這點(diǎn)請(qǐng)大

家一定要記住。例如:

Timeisup.Theclassisover.(副詞)

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語(yǔ)從句)

D.賓語(yǔ):賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承爰者,一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。充當(dāng)賓

語(yǔ)的可以是名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或整個(gè)句子。

一句話語(yǔ)法:賓語(yǔ)由名詞性的詞充當(dāng),賓語(yǔ)分為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ),分別構(gòu)

成動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)和介詞結(jié)構(gòu),這點(diǎn)非常重要,務(wù)必要牢記.例如:

Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)

Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)

HowmanydictionariesdoyouhaveIhavefive.(數(shù)詞)

Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)

Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語(yǔ))

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))

Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語(yǔ)從句)

賓語(yǔ)種類:(1)雙賓語(yǔ)(間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,

please.如果同學(xué)搞不清楚什么是雙賓語(yǔ),記下下面這個(gè)句子:givemeabook.

一人一物做賓語(yǔ)就是雙賓語(yǔ).說(shuō)得白一點(diǎn),雙就是兩個(gè)的意思.

(2)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.

E.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞,除有一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)以外,還要有一個(gè)賓

語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ),才能使句子的意義完整,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系

或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的一般句型為:某些及物動(dòng)詞如make等+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)\

賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句充當(dāng)。

一句話語(yǔ)法:賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)使用形容詞,不用副詞.例如:

HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名詞)

Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容詞)

Youmustkeepitclean.

Tomfoundtheclimbquiteeasy.

Letthefreshairin.(副詞)

Youmustn1tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短語(yǔ))

Ihavealotofworktodo.

Shehasplentyofclothestowear.

Hemademerepeatthestory

Wesawherenteringtheroom.(現(xiàn)在分詞)

Ihavethecarwaiting.

Whydon'tyouhaveyourhaircut(-ed分詞)

Wehadthemachinerepaired.

Ihadmywatchstolenyesterday

Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介詞短語(yǔ))

Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(從句)

(注意:后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有call,name,think,make,choose

等;后跟形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有keep,find,get,think,

make等;

動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為感官動(dòng)詞如feel,see,hear,notice,

watch,observe,listentojookat等,使役動(dòng)詞如let,have,make等,動(dòng)詞不

定式不帶t。。)

F.定語(yǔ):修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句稱為定語(yǔ),是句子中的次要成

分??煞譃榍爸枚ㄕZ(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)。一般有形容詞,形容詞性物主代詞、副詞、數(shù)

詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞(短語(yǔ))或句子充當(dāng)。

一句話語(yǔ)法:定語(yǔ)使用形容詞例如:

Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容詞)

Mr.Greenhastwosons.(數(shù)詞)

Themandownstairscouldn'tsleepwell.(副詞)

Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分

詞)

Amangoingtodieisalwayskind-hearted.

Thesuggestionsenttothecommitteewasadopted.

Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名詞)

Canyoufindouttheanswertothequestion.

HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)

Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短語(yǔ))

Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink

Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動(dòng)名詞)

Abarkingdogseldombites.

HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介詞短語(yǔ))

ThegirlunderthetreeisKate.

DoyouknowthemanwhoisstandingnexttoMr.Green(從句)

G.狀語(yǔ):修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。

一句話語(yǔ)法:狀語(yǔ)用副詞,不用形容詞,說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫

做狀語(yǔ)??捎筛痹~、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞或狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)充當(dāng)。

例如:

Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)

Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語(yǔ))

Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentrance

examination.(不定式短語(yǔ))

Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語(yǔ))

Waitaminute.(名詞)

Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語(yǔ)從句)

H.句子結(jié)構(gòu)

(S=主語(yǔ);V=謂語(yǔ);P=表語(yǔ);。=賓語(yǔ);01=間接賓語(yǔ);。2=直接賓

語(yǔ);C=賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))

一.S十V主謂結(jié)構(gòu)I(vi.)

Iswim.

主謂

Theylistenedcarefully.Myhomeworkhasfinished.

二.S十V十。主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)(vt.)

Isawafilmyesterday.

主謂賓

Theyfoundtheirhomeeasily.Theyhavetakengoodcareofthe

children.

=.S十V十F主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(系動(dòng)詞)

Be,系動(dòng)詞+形容詞

Heisold.

主系動(dòng)表語(yǔ)

Thestorysoundsinteresting.

主系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)

ThedeskfeelshardHebecomesateacher.

Thetreesturnyellowintheautumn.

四.S十V十01十02主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)

give,asksbsth

Hegavemeabook.

主謂賓1賓2

Hebroughtmeapen.Heofferedmehisseat

Hegotmeachair

五.S十V十。十c主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)

Theymadethegirlangry.

主謂賓賓補(bǔ)

Theyfoundherhappythatday.

Iheardtheglassbrokenjustnow.

【過(guò)手練習(xí)】

一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分:

1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.

2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.

3.1shallansweryourquestionafterclass.

4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!

5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.

6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.

7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijicg.

8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.

9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.

10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.

11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.

12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.

13.Hefound_rLimportanttomasterEnglish.

14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay

15.Tobehonnst,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.

16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress

17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.

18.Jtisourdutytokeepourclassroomdeanandtidy.

19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.

20.Theapplestastedsweet.

【拓展訓(xùn)練】

1、選擇填空:

()1.____willleaveforBeijing.

A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow

C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow

()2.Theweather____.

A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold

()3.Theappletasted____.

A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet

()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.

A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter

()5.Theactorattheageof70.

A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded

()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.

A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we

()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch.

A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly

()thinknecessarytolearnEnglishwell.

A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis

()9.Thedog____mad.

A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked

()willneverforgetthedayIjoinedthearmy.

A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where

2.閱讀理解:

LittleTomdownthestreetcallsourdog"Thekeepdog".Zipisasheepdog.But

whenTomtriestosay"Seep",itcomesout"keep".AndinawayTomisright.Zipis

alwaysbringingthingshoemforustokeep!I'lltellyouaboutsomeofthem.

Zip'sfirstpresentwasashoe.Itwasmadeofgreensilk.

Wedidn'tknowhowZipfoundtheshoe.ButafteramomentMaryzmybig

sister,toldmetheshoehadastrangesmell.Inodded(點(diǎn)頭)andheldmynose.

"Whatdoyouthinkitis"

"Itsmellslikesomethingforcleaning.Ithinksomeonetriedtocleanaspot(污

點(diǎn))offtheshoe.Thenheputitatthedoortodry."

"AlongcameZip.Andgood-byeshoe!"Isaid."Weshouldtakeitback."

"Wecan't".saidmysistter.

"MaybelittleTomisright,"Marysaid."MaybeZipisakeepdog!"

writerandMarydidn'tknow.

A.whatZip'sfirstpresentwasB.howZipcarrieditsfirstpresent

home

C.whoownedZip'sfirstpresentD.whatZip'sfirstpresentwas

madeof

callsZip"thekeepdog"because.

A.thedoglikeskeepingthingsB.thedoglikesplayingwith

shoes

C.hedoesn'tknowthedog'snameD.hecan'tpronouncetheword

"sheep"well

madetheshoestrangewas.

A.itscolourB.itssmellC.itssizeD.thatitwasasilkone

word"keep"inthelastsentencemeans"'

A.keepingthingsforitselfB.bringingthingsforothertokeep

C.notlettingitrunaboutD.takingcareofasmallchild

canknowfromthereadingthatthedog.

A.likestogivepresentstopeopleB.hasbeenkeptinatthe

writer'shome

C.hasbroughtsometroubleD.likestobecalled"thekeep

dog"

3.閱讀短文,根據(jù)首字母提示填空,每空一詞。

MostAmericanfamiliesaresmallerthanthefamiliesino81countries.

MostAmericanfamiliese82haveoneortwochildren.

C83intheUSwillleavetheirparents'homewhentheygrowup.They

usuallylivefarf84theirparentsbecausetheywanttofindgoodjobs.

Theyoftenw85totheirparentsortelephonethem.Andtheyoftengoto

visittheirparentsonh86.

Parentsusuallylettheirchildrenchoosetheiro87jobs.Americansthink

itimportantforyoungpeopletodecideontheirlivesbythemselves.

Childrenareaskedtodosomeworkaroundtheirhouse.Andinmany

families,childrenarepaid(付錢)ford88somehouseworksothatthey

learnhowtomakemoneyfortheirownuse.

Doyouoftenhelpy89parentsdohouseworkDoyouwanttolivewith

yourparentsw90yougrowup

【課后作業(yè)】

一、選擇填空

基礎(chǔ)題組訓(xùn)練(五題)

1、Theoldmanfeedsfour_.

A.piggsB.pigesC.pigsD.pig

2、Pleaseremembertogivethehorsesometree—.

A.leafsB.leavesC.leafD.leave

3、Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink,_orcoffee

A.teaB.fruitC.breadD.meat

4、Mr.Whitehasabeautifulgardenwithmany__init.

A.flowersB.grassC.villagesD.water

5、Thereareseven_inaweek.

A.dayesB.daysC.dayiesD.day

拔高題組訓(xùn)練(十題)

1、一Mom,couldyoupassmesome_It'sdelicious.

—OK,butonlyalittle.

A.butterB.applesC.tomatoesD.sandwiches

2、一What'sinthecupboard

—Afew_,butlittle_.

A.apples;coffeeB.coffee;apples

C.apple;coffeesD.coffees;apples、

3、Hegaveus_onhowtoprotecteyes.

A.someadvicesB.someadvice

C.anadviceD.aadvice

4、Thereare_onmydesk.

A.threepaperB.threepiecesofpapers

C.threepiecesofpaperD.threepapers

5、Agroupof__willvisitthemuseumtomorrow.

A.EnglishmanB.American

C.AustralianD.Chinese

6、Thefarmerraisedten_.

A.sheepsB.deersC.horseD.cows

7、WhynotgiveLindasome_ShehasfailedinChineseseveraltimes.

A.noticeB.suggestionC.adviceD.warning

8、WhenwesawLiuXiang'sface,weknew_wasbad.

A.somenewsB.anewsC.thenewsD.news

9、Iwonderwhy_areinterestedinactionfilms.

A.peopleB.peoplesC.thepeopleD.thepeoples

10、Thereisgood_foryou.Fvefoundthewatch.

A.newsB.ideasC.messagesD.thoughts

疑難題組訓(xùn)練(五題)

1、Ithinktheteenagersshouldtrytoimprovetheirliving_.

A.activitiesB.skillsC.memoryD.success

2、一Mum,somethingiswrongwithmyteeth.Ican1t

eatanything.

一Whataboutseeinga_atonce

A.designerB.dentistC.directorD.detective

3、Mikeandhisfriendaregoingtothe_toseethe

newactionmovietonight.

A.bookshopB.restaurantC.concertD.cinema

4、Theygotmuch__fromthosenewbooks.

A.ideasB.photosC.informationD.stories

5、Weoftenusethemobilephonetosendtext__toourfriends.

A.menusB.messagesC.adviceD.warning

2.閱讀理解

Anoldladyinaplanehadablanket(毯子)overherheadandshedidnotwantto

takeitoff.Theairhostessspoketoher,buttheoldladysaid,"Iha

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論