2024年高考英語一輪復習第15講形容詞和副詞的比較等級（核心考點）（原卷版）

第15講形容詞和副詞的比較等級（核心考點精講精練）1.三年真題形容詞和副詞的比較等級考點細目表時間卷次語法填空/短文改錯/單項選擇2023年新高考I卷語法填空:/新高考=2\*ROMANII卷語法填空:/全國甲卷語法填空:/短文改錯：/全國乙卷語法填空:/短文改錯：/北京卷語法填空:/浙江卷(1月)語法填空:/(6月)語法填空:/天津卷單項選擇：2022年新高考I卷語法填空:/新高考=2\*ROMANII卷語法填空:/全國甲卷語法填空:__highest_______(high)短文改錯：/全國乙卷語法填空:____largest_____(large)短文改錯：/北京卷語法填空:____19worse____(bad)浙江卷(1月)語法填空:/(6月)語法填空:/天津卷單項選擇：/2021年新高考I卷語法填空:/新高考=2\*ROMANII卷語法填空:/全國甲卷語法填空:

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(small)天津卷單項選擇:/（第二次）單項選擇:/2.命題規(guī)律及備考策略【命題規(guī)律】近3年對于形容詞和副詞的比較等級主要考查：給出形容詞和副詞提示詞，考查形容詞和副詞的比較級；形容詞和副詞的比較級句型?！緜淇疾呗浴空莆招稳菰~、副詞比較級和最高級的規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化；掌握修飾比較級和最高級的標志詞和相關(guān)句式?！久}預測】語法填空對形容詞和副詞的比較等級考查仍然會成為高考的重點，主要集中在考查形容詞和副詞的比較等級形式與比較級固定句型的用法。考點一形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級一、形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成法原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞末一般直接加-er和-estgreatgreatergreatest單音節(jié)詞以-e結(jié)尾，只加-r和-stbravewidebraverwiderbravestwidest閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔音字母，需先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-er和-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞，先變-y為-i，再加-er和-esthappyhappierhappiest多音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在前面加more和mostdifficultexpensivemoredifficultmoreexpensivemostdifficultmostexpensive少數(shù)以-er，-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，加-er和-estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest有少數(shù)幾個雙音節(jié)形容詞，既可以加-er和-est，又可以加more和most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。這些雙音節(jié)詞是：mon,handsome,polite,quiet,wicked,pleasant,cruel,stupid,tired和以-ow，-er結(jié)尾的詞。有些形容詞沒有程度可分，或形容詞本身就表示某種程度，因此沒有比較級和最高級。這類形容詞有：right(正確的)，wrong(錯誤的)，excellent(優(yōu)秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favorite(最愛的)，perfect(完美的)等。不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good,wellbetterbestbad,illworseworstmany,much許多的moremostlittlelessleastfarfarther距離遠的farthest距離最遠farfurther距離更遠；程度更勝furthest距離最遠；程度最深oldolder/elderoldest/eldestelder不能與than連用，只能用作定語修飾名詞，僅用于同輩之間的排行，即家庭成員的長幼關(guān)系，如：eldersister(姐姐)，elderbrother(哥哥)二、比較級、最高級標志詞和相關(guān)句式一比較級和最高級的標志詞修飾形容詞/副詞比較級的詞有：rather，much，still，even，far，byfar(后置)，alot，alittle，agreatdeal，abit,any等。Thestudentsstudyevenharderthanbefore.學生們甚至比以前學習更努力了。ThebookisfarmoreinterestingthanthebooksIhaveeverread.這本書比我以前讀的書有趣多了。最高級可用byfar，almost，nearly，oneof及序數(shù)詞修飾，表示程度或順序。ThebridgebeingbuiltnowisbyfarthelongestacrosstheYellowRiver.目前正在建的那座橋是橫跨黃河之上的橋當中最長的。比較級+than...(比......更......)Herisesearlierthananyoneelseinhisclass.他比班里其他人都起得早。less+than多音節(jié)或某些雙音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞+than...(不如......)Thisbookislessamusingthanthatone.這本書不如那本書有趣。the+比較級+of(兩者中更......的)Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.他是兩個男孩中較高的。the+比較級+主語+謂語，the+比較級+主語+謂語（越......就越......）Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.你越認真，犯的錯誤就越少。the+最高級，副詞最高級前通常不用the.OfallthemobilephonesIlikethisonebest.在所有中，我最喜歡這個。（7）“形容詞/副詞比較級＋and＋形容詞/副詞比較級”表示“越來越……”在“比較級＋and＋比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)中，單音節(jié)形容詞或副詞用“形容詞/副詞-er＋and＋形容詞/副詞-er”結(jié)構(gòu)，多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞常用“moreandmore＋形容詞或副詞原級”結(jié)構(gòu)。Thingsaregettingbetterandbetterdaybyday.情況正在一天天好起來。It'sbeingmoreandmoredifficulttofindarewardingjob.找一份令人滿意的工作越來越困難了。（8）否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.我從來沒有聽過比這更好聽的聲音。類似用法的結(jié)構(gòu)：can't/couldn't...too＋adj./adv.＝can't/couldn't...＋adj./adv.＋enough表示“無論……也不為過”。英語中有些詞沒有比較級，但仍可表示比較級的意思，通常與介詞to連用，不與than共同使用，如：senior,junior,superior,inferior等。三、倍數(shù)表達法Ais＋倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than＋BAis＋倍數(shù)＋as＋原級＋as＋BAis＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size,length,height等)＋of＋BThe＋名詞(size,length,height等)＋of＋Ais＋倍數(shù)＋that＋of＋BAis＋倍數(shù)＋what引導的名詞性從句①ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbethreetimesasbigasthepresentone.為迎接下一屆亞運會而正在修建的體育場將是現(xiàn)在的三倍大。②Smokingisharmfultopeople'shealth，killingseventimesmorepeopleeachyearthantrafficaccidents.吸煙有害健康，每年因抽煙而喪命的人是死于交通事故的7倍多。③Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新擴建的廣場是未擴建時的4倍大。④Thepriceistentimeswhatitnormallyisandtotallybeyondthereachofordinarypeople.這個價格是平時的10倍，一般人根本買不起。（2023·1月新高考浙江卷語法填空）Fartherfromthecenterlivedthemonersandlaborers.Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand________(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.1.【2023屆湖南省長沙市湖南師范大學附屬中學高三下學期模擬】IowebigthankstoBaduajinsinceitgivesmeamuch39(healthy)lifestyle,”ayoungnetizenmentedbelowthevideo.2.【2022屆廣東省高三綜合能力測試（三）】TheShenzhou13crewexitedthereturncapsuleonehourand10minutesaftertheirtouchdown,64(fast)thanthatforShenzhou12crewwhichtookonehourand40minutes.3.【2023屆廣西南寧市高三上學期畢業(yè)班摸底】AfterAutumnEquinox,thelocationofdirectsunlightmovestothesouth,makingdaysshorterandnights___65___(long)inthenorthernhemisphere(半球).InancientChina,peoplethrewarrowsintopotstoweleAutumnEquinox.過關(guān)檢測(2023屆湖北省圓創(chuàng)聯(lián)考高三下學期五月聯(lián)合測評試題)Wordsbeefilledwithmeaningforusbyexperience;andthe____64____(long)welive,themorecertainwordsrecalltousthehappyandsadeventsofourpast;andthemorewereadandlearn,themorethenumberofwordsthatmean....2．(2023·山西省太原市高三模擬二)Norwegians,bytheway,alwayseattheskinofthefish,whichtheysayisthe________(tasty)ofall.3．（2023·安徽省蚌埠市第一次教學質(zhì)量檢查）TheperiodofhotdaysafterStartofAutumn,usuallylastingfor30days,iscalled“AutumnTiger"or“IndianSummer".Becauseofdecreasingrainfall,itiseven________（hot）duringthisperiodthanduringMajorHeat.4.【江蘇省蘇州市20222023學年高三上學期期中調(diào)研】OnAutumnEquinoxday,therearethousandsofpeopleintheworldtryingtomakeeggsstandonend.Accordingtoexperts,ontheSpringEquinoxandAutumnEquinox,theearth’saxis(軸),onits66.5degreetilt,isinarelativebalanceofpowerwiththeearth’sorbitaroundthesun.Thusitisan____45____(easy)timeforpeopletopracticethegame.5.（2023·江蘇省連云港市調(diào)研）______(early),sealcarvingwasacplishedonlybyworkers.DuringtheSongDynasty,scholarsandartistsbegantogetinvolvedinit.Theybinedsealcarvingwithcalligraphyandpainting,

makingthistraditionalartmorepopularinChina.6.（2023屆四川省綿陽市高三上學期一診試題）Thespacelab,whichweighs23tonsandis17.9meterstall,isthecountry’slargestand______(heavy)spacecrafttodate.7.（2023屆哈爾濱師范大學附屬中學高三第三次模擬考試）WhethertheyouthinChinaorGenZers(Z世代人)abroad,theyarejumpingonthefashionwagon.JongMayisoneofthemandtherisehasbroughtherdreamwithinmuch________(easy)reach.8.（2023屆山東省齊魯名校大聯(lián)盟高三下學期三模試題）Beccasaid.InIndia,whichhadthe________(high)participationoutsidetheUSlastyear,tensofthousandsofpeoplesubmittedbirdchecklists.9．(2023·山東省濟寧市高三檢測)Mid-AutumnFestivalisoneof________(important)festivalsinChinesecalendar.10.（2023·江蘇省揚州市高郵市第一中學等2校聯(lián)考）Thesuccessfulapplicationcanfurtherhelpimprovetea’sinfluenceglobally.Itwillnotonlypromotemorerespectforculturaldiversityandhumancreativitybutalsowillencouragepeopletopursue________(healthy)lifestylesbyintegratingteacultureintotheirdailylives.11.（2023·江蘇省淮安市高中校協(xié)作體期中）A2009studyfoundthatpeopleare“far________(little)willingtokeepmanychoicesopen”whensomehavebiggerrewardsthanothers.12.Inthefinalofthemen’s100metersprintatthisyear’sTokyoOlympicGames，LamontMarcelJacobsran（the）_________（fast）ofall.真題演練2023年【2023年浙江卷1月】Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand____62____(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.2022年1.【2022全國甲卷...andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s_________(high)mountain.2.【2022全國乙卷】“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe_________(large)teaproducingcountry,Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.3.【2022年北京卷】Moretakeoutandmorefooddeliveryequalmorewaste,especiallyplasticwaste.Thatincludescups,bottles,andbags,mostof____18____areonlygoodforoneuse.That’sabigproblemanditisgettingeven____19____(bad).2021年1.【2021全國甲卷】Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

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