上海市八校2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二模試卷含解析

上海市八校2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二模試卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。

2.答題時(shí)請(qǐng)按要求用筆。

3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。

4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫(huà)出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。

5.保持卡面清潔，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1.Pelehadbagsofnaturaltalent,buthewithoutthedeterminationtodealwithalltheproblemslifethrewinhis

path.

A.wouldneversucceedB.neversucceeded

C.wouldneverhavesucceededD.haveneversucceeded

2.Theshockingnewsmademerealizeterribleproblemswewouldface.

A.whatB.how

C.thatD.why

3.---Therewon'tbeanywheretopark.

--Oh,,Lefstrythesubway.

A.thafsarealbargainB.thafsagoodpoint

C.thafsreallysomethingD.thafsallsettled

4.Wesellalotofproductsoffshoreandtheopportunitytoopenupmarketsinregionswedon*tcurrently

sellalottoisagreatone.

A.whereB.that

C.whatD.when

5.一Iwonderwhatmakesyouagoodsalesperson.

一Iasawaiterforthreeyears,whichcontributesalottomytoday'swork.

A.serveB.served

C.haveservedD.hadserved

6.HadMarynotbeenhurtinthecaraccident,thenextweek'smarathon.

A.shewouldrunB.shewouldhaverun

C.shewillrunD.shemusthaverun

7.Whatisyourmainreasonforchoosingonerestaurantanother?

A.overB.of

C.fromD.for

8.Itwaswarmandnicethatevening.Istayedawakeuntileleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonby

myself.

A.onaverageB.onpurpose

C.onbusinessD.ontime

9.Shemusthaverankedherbirthdaypresentsinorderofbecausethetoponeisherfavorite.

A.valueB.timeC.interestD.preference

10.--WhereismyChinesebook?IrememberIputithereyesterday.

--Youitinthewrongplace.

A.mustputB.shouldhaveput

C.mighthaveputD.mightput

11.Don'tleavematchesorcigarettesonthetablewithinofchildren.

A.stretchB.expandC.reachD.extend

12.一IspendtwoweeksinBeijinglastyear.

—ThenyoumusthavevisitedtheGreatWallduringyourstay,you?

A.mustn'tB.didn't

C.haven'tD.hadn't

13.ThemainissueattheAPECmeetingwasaclimate-changeplanbyAustralia'sHowardandbackedbyBush.

A.putoutB.putoff

C.putawayD.putforward

14.—John,doyouknowwhythesuspectwassetfree?

一Forlackofevidence.

A.solidB.apparent

C.ambiguousD.concrete

15.yourecognizeanidiomwhenitisbeingused,itiseasytomisunderstandwhatyoureadorhear.

A.UnlessB.After

C.OnceD.Since

16.IthinkTomwillmakeagoodmonitor,I'dliketovoteforhim.

A.butB.for

C.orD.so

17.Youreadabookinthesun——it*lldoharmtoyoureyes.

A.couldn*tB.wouldn*tC.needn*tD.mustn*t

18.一Youshouldn'thavetreatedmethatway.Myheartisbroken.

一I'msorry,PauLIdidn'tmeanyou.

A.hurtingB.tohurtC.hurtD.havinghurt

19.Everythingisamazing.Thankyouall.Wewithoutyourhelp.

A.can9tmakeitB.mustn'thavemade

C.won9tmakeD.couldn91havemadeit

20.Hewasforcedtospendanothernightattheairportforhisplane.

A.waitingB.beingwaitedC.waitedD.tobewaited

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

21.（6分）Thepopularwisdomforyearshasbeenthatdrinkinginmoderation（適度）一thafsone“standard”

drinkadayforwomenandtwoformen-islinkedtoalowerriskofcardiovascular（心血管的）disease.Butrecentstudies

arecastingsomedoubtonthatlong-heldlearning.Sciencenowsaysitdependsonyourageanddrinkinghabits.

A2013studyofnearly2millionBritishwithnocardiovascularriskfoundthattherewasstillamodestbenefitin

moderatedrinking,especiallyforwomenover11whodrankfivedrinksaweek.Whythatage?Alcoholcaninfluence

thesubstanceinthebloodinpositiveways,expertssay,andthat'sabouttheagewhenheartproblemsbegintooccur.

Also,a2014studyfoundthatdrinkingmorethan100gramsofalcoholperweek-equaltoroughlysevenstandard

drinksintheUnitedStatesorfivetosixglassesofwineintheUK-increasesyourriskofdeathfromallcausesandin

turnlowersyourlifeexpectancy.Linkswerefoundwithdifferentformsofcardiovasculardisease,withpeoplewho

drankmorethan100gramsperweekhavingahigherriskofstroke,heartfailure.

Another2014studyfoundthatconsistentlydrinkingamoderateamountofalcohol,withinrecommended

guidelines,hadaprotectiveeffectontheheartovertime.Unstabledrinkinghabitswereassociatedwithahigherriskof

heartdisease,whichtheauthorsreflectedmightindicatebroaderlifestylechanges,suchaspoorhealthorstress.Former

drinkerswerealsoatgreaterrisk.

Overall,however,thelatestthinkingisthatanyheartbenefitmaybeoutweighedbyotherhealthrisks,suchashigh

bloodpressure,certaincancersandliverdamage.

Womenwhodrinkareatahigherriskforbreastcancer;alcoholcontributesabout2%oftheoverallrisk,possibly

becauseitraisescertaindangeroushormonesintheblood.Drinkingcanalsoincreasethechanceyoumightdevelop

liver,mouthandoralcancers.Onepotentialreason:Alcoholweakensourimmunesystems,makingusmorelikelyto

inflame（發(fā)炎）一adrivingforcebehindcancer.

1、Whydoesmoderatedrinkingbenefitwomenover11?

A.Ithelpsthemlivelongerthanmen.

B.Itreducesthechanceofsomeheartproblems.

C.Itdestroystheharmfulchemicalsintheirblood.

D.Ithelpsthemrecoverfromcardiovasculardisease.

2、Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?

A.Drinkingmorethan10gramsofalcoholperweekissurelyharmful.

B.Solidlinkswerefoundbetweenthediseaseandtheamountofalcohol.

C.Thelifespanvariesaccordingtoamountofconsumedalcohol.

D.SevenstandarddrinksaretherecommendedamountofdrinkingintheUK.

3、Whowillbeatalowerriskaccordingtothe2014study?

A.Consistentdrinkerswithlifestylechanges.

B.Unstabledrinkerswithlifestylechanges.

C.Consistentdrinkerswithinrecommendedamountofalcohol.

D.Unstabledrinkerswithinrecommendedamountofalcohol.

4、Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Moderatedrinkinghabitsbenefittheheart.

B.Moderatedrinkingweakensourimmunesystems.

C.Moderatedrinkingcanpreventcancer.

D.Moderatedrinkingdoesmoreharmthangoodtohealth.

22.（8分）Ifyourdoglookspleasedtoseeyou——itisprobablybecauseitlovestheparticularwayyousmell.

Thescent（氣味）ofafamiliarhumanapparentlylingerslikeperfumeintheanimaPsbrain—whereitcausesan

instinctiveemotionalresponse,researchreveals.

Ourscentactsonapartofthecanine（犬科的）brainassociatedwithrewardandthestrongestreactionsare

producedbyhumansthatpetsknowbest,sayscientistsinAmerica.

GregoryBern,ofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,said,“Whilewemightexpectthatdogsshouldbehighlytunedto

thesmellofotherdogs,itseemsthatthe6rewardresponse9isreservedfortheirhumans.Whenhumanssmellthe

perfumeofsomeonetheylove,theymayhaveanimmediate,emotionalreactionthafsnotnecessarilycognitive（認(rèn)識(shí)的）.

Soisitindogs.Butsincedogshaveamoresensitivesmellthanhumans,theirresponseswouldlikelybeevenmore

powerfulthantheoneswemighthave.Inourexperiment,however,theownersofthedogwerenotphysicallypresent.

Thecaninebrainresponseswerebeingcausedbysomethingdistantinspaceandtime.Itshowsthatdogsbrainshave

thesementalrepresentationsofusthatpersistwhenwe'renotthere.”

Theexperimentinvolved12dogsofvariouskindsbybrainscanswhilefivedifferentscentswereplacedinfrontof

them.Thescentsamples（樣本）camefromthesubject（接受試險(xiǎn)者）itself,adogthesubjecthadnevermet,adogliving

inthesubject'shousehold.Thefamiliarhumanscentsamplesweretakenfromsomeoneelsefromthehouseotherthan

thehandlersduringtheexperiment,sothatnoneofthescentdonorswerephysicallypresent.

Theresultsshowedallfivescentsgainedasimilarresponseinpartsofthedogsbrainsinvolvedindetectingsmells.

Responsesweresignificantlystrongerforthescentoffamiliarhumans,followedbythatoffamiliardogs.TheHndings

showeddogsreactedstrongesttothescentoffamiliarhumansevenwhentheywerenotthere.Petstrainedas

helportherapydogsshowedgreaterbrainactivitythantheotherdogsinthetest.

Researcherssaythefindingscouldimprovethewaytoselectanimalshelpingwoundedoldsoldiersordisabled

people.

1、Whafsthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Thescentofthedogs.

B.Theemotionsofanimalsinfluencedbythescent.

C.Thedifferencesbetweenanimalsandhumansinscent.

D.Thesensitivescent.

2、Accordingtotheexperiment,adogwillbemostinterestedin.

A.familiardogs

B.ahumanthedoghadnevermet

C.adogthedoghadnevermet

D.familiarhumans

3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Animalscancurewoundedoldsoldiers.

B.Animalscanhelpdisabledpeople.

C,Theexperimentiscomplex.

D.Theexperimentisveryvaluable.

4、Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanwereadthispassage?

A.Science.

B.Education.

C.Culture.

D.Entertainment.

23.（8分）“AreyougoingtoSeattle?59ananxious—lookingwomanaskedafemaletravelerattheAmtrakStationin

Sacramento.66No,I'mgoingtoEugene,"thetravelerreplied.uOh,Iwashopingyoucouldwatchoutformydaughter,

she'sneverbeenonatrainbefore.”

SinceIamaseasonedtraintraveler,Iknowthatseatsandcarsareassignedbydestination.SoIapproachedthe

womanandherfrightened——lookingdaughterandtoldthemthatherdaughtercouldsitwithmeandthatIwouldtake

careofherforthedurationofthejourney.

Thetrainhadarrived25minuteslate,andpeoplerushedtogettheirseatassignments.Theconductorwantedto

knowiftherewerepeopletravelingtogether,soIpushedmywaytothefrontofthelinewiththegirlandwewere

arrangedtositnexttoeachother.Onceonboard,Ishowedherwheretoputherluggage,andtookhertothebathroom

area.Wesettleddowntosleep.Inthemorning,shebecamecomfortableenoughtodowhatmost15—yearoldsdo;talk

andtextonhermobilephone.

Throughoutthetrip,ImadesureshepickedupherID,whichhadfallenoutofherbackpack,andgenerallykept

aneyeonherinanon——intrusiveway.Ihopesomeonetakesherundertheirwingwhensheflies（another

anxiety—producingfirst）backtoSacramento.

Idohopethatkindnesswillspreadaroundtheworldthroughtheseways.We'reconditionedtothinkthatourlives

revolved（旋轉(zhuǎn)）aroundgreatmoments.Butgreatmomentsoftencatchusunaware,beautifullywrappedinwhatothers

mayconsiderasmallone.

1、Wherewastheauthorgoingbytrain?

A.SeattleB.Eugene.

C.Sacramento.D.Amtrak.

2、Whydidtheauthorpushtothefrontoftheline?

A.Togethisseatassignment.

B.Togetaseatinthefront.

C.Tohelpthegirlfindherseat.

D.Toaskforthetwoseatsnexttoeachother.

3、Whatcanbelearntfromthetext?

A.Thegirlhasnevertravelledbyairbefore.

B.ThegirlhasneverbeentoSeattlebefore.

C.Themotheranddaughterhavenevertakenthetrainbefore.

D.Thegirlwastoonervoustodonothingalonethroughoutthetrip.

4、Whatdoestheauthor'sstoryintendtotellus?

A.Experienceisthebestteacher.

B.Youneverknowtillyouhavetried.

C.Happinessliesingivinghelptoothers.

D.Dosomethinggoodeventhoughitmaybetiny.

24.（8分）Theregularworldpresentedtousbyourfivesenses—youcouldcallitreality1.0—isnotalwaysthe

mostuser-friendlyofplaces.Wegetlostinunfamiliarcities;wemeetpeoplewhoselanguagewedon'tunderstand.So

whynottrytheimprovedversion:augmentedreality（AR）orreality2.0?ARtechnologyaddscomputer-produced

images（圖像）ontherealworldviaamobilephonecameraorspecialvideoglasses.

EarlyformsofARarealreadyhere.Withtherightdownloads,smartphonescandeliverinformationaboutnearby

ATMsandrestaurantsandotherpointsofinterest.Butthafsjustthebeginning.Afewyearsfromnowthequantityof

informationavailablewillhaveincreasedhugely.Youwillnotonlyseethatthere'saChineserestaurantonthenext

block,butyouwillbeabletoseethemenuandreadreviewsofit.

Thisiswherethenextrevolutionincomputingwilltakeplace:intheinterface（界面）betweentherealworldand

theinformationbroughttousviatheInternet.Imaginebubblesfloatingbeforeyoureyes,Hlledwithcoolinformation

aboutanythingandeverythingthatyouseeinfrontofyou.

Lefsjumpaheadtotenyearsfromnow.Apersontryingtofixtheircarwon'tbereadingabookwithpictures;they

willbewearingadevicethatprojectsanimated3-Dcomputergraphicsontotheequipmentunderrepair,labellingparts

andgivingstep-by-stepguidance.

ThewindowontotheARworldcanbeasmartphoneorspecialvideoglasses.Butintenyears'timethesewillhave

beenreplacedbycontactlenses（隱形眼鏡）withtinyLEDs,whichpresentsomethingatareadabledistanceinfrontof

theeye.Soadeafpersonwearingtheselenseswillbeabletoseewhatpeoplearesaying.

Thequestionis,whileweareallabsorbedinournewaugmentedrealityworlds,howwillwebecommunicating

witheachother?

1、Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A,Thenextinformationtechnologyrevolution.

B.Earlyformsofaugmentedrealitytechnology.

C.Thedifferencesbetweenreality1.0andreality2.0.

D.Therelationshipbetweenpeoplelivinginreality2.0.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"refertoinParagraph2?

A.Themenu.B.Theblock.

C.Therevolution.D.Therestaurant.

3、WhataretinyLEDsusedtodo?

A.Protectpeople'seyes.B.Showtextandimages.

C.Warnusersofdangers.D.Replacevideoglasses.

4、Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardsARtechnology?

A.Doubtful.B.Disapproving.

C.Favourable.D.Ambiguous.

25.（10分）Manyyouthswanttoleanhowtodrivecars.ThisyearonesixthofundergraduatesinBeijinghave

registeredatdrivingschool.Thestudents,mostlyfrommajorssuchasbusinessmanagementorimitationaltrade,will

finishtheirdrivingcourseswithin20daysorso.

Trainingcostshavedroppedto4,500yuanforstudents,accordingtotheHaidianDrivingSchoolinBeijing.The

priceisnotreallylow,butstudentswillacceptit,seeingitasaninvestment（投資）intheirfuture.Familiaritywiththe

operationofcomputersandfluentEnglisharethebasicskillsgraduatingstudentsneedtoHndajob.Butadrivers

permithasbecomeanotherfactor（因素）.

“Inthejobmarket,owningadriver'spermitsometimesstrengthensagraduatingstudenfscompetitivenessfora

goodposition,99saysLiHua,anundergraduateattheChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandlaw.

Carswillbecomeanecessarypartofmanypeople'slivesinthecomingyears,anditisdifficulttogetapermitout

ofcampusbecauseofthepressuresonworkingpeople'stime."Havingafull-timejobaftergraduationofferslimited

timetolearntodrive.Weseniorstudentshaveplentyofsparetime,plentyofoppurtunitytolearn,55saysanother

undergraduateattheuniversity.

WuDong,anofficialatthedrivingschool,saidundergraduateswereveryableandserious,andcouldgraspinan

hourwhatordinarypeopletookfourhourstolearn.Inthisdrivingschool,middle-agedpeople,youngwomenand

collegestudentsarethemaincustomers.

FromMarch1,2018,togetadriver'spermit,abeginnerisnowrequiredtohaveatleast86hours'practicebefore

thefinalroadtest.

1、Whydotheundergraduateslearntodrive?

A.Theyarethestudentsfromspecialsubjectorcourse.

B.Theyliketodrivecarsverymuch.

C.Theywantybecomefulltimedriversaftergraduation.

D.Theyneedthisskilltofindagoodjobinthefuture.

2、WhatisWuDong'sopinionofstudentslearningtodrive?

A.Itwouldmakethelifemoreinteresting.

B.Youthswouldhaveanadvantageinlearningtodrive.

C.Itisawasteofmoneyandtimetolearntodrive.

D.Itwouldbebettertolearnitatcollegethanatwork.

3、Togetthepermit,thestudent.

A.requiressometimetopracticebeforethefinalroadtest

B.mustpaymoremoneybeforethefinalroadtest

C.mustpracticemoretolearntodrivewhenhavingajob

D.requirestolearnsomemoreothersubjectstodrive

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).

26.（30分）Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks1thanwords.

Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore2thanwerealize.Infact,non-verbal（非言語(yǔ)）communication

takesupabout50%ofwhatwereally3,Andbodylanguageisparticularly4whenweattemptto

communicateacrosscultures.Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageisso5apartofusthatifsactuallyoften

unnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.6,differentsocietiestreatthe7betweenpeople

differently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving8contact（接觸）evenwithfriends,andcertainlynot

with9PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,10,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossible

thatin11,itmaylooklikeaLatinois12aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpress

friendship,willkeepmoving13TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep14-

whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas15.

Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople16,Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhen

partiesarefrom17cultures,there'sastrongpossibilityof18Butwhateverthesituation,thebest19

istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe20

1、A.straighterB.louderC.harderD.further

2、A.soundsB.invitationsC.feelingsD.messages

3、A.hopeB.receiveC.discoverD.mean

4、A.immediateB.misleadingC.importantD.difficult

5、A.wellB.farC.muchD.long

6、A.ForexampleB.ThusC.HoweverD.Inshort

7、A.tradeB.distanceC.connectionsD.greetings

8、A.eyeB.verbalC.bodilyD.telephone

9、A.strangersB.relativesC.neighborsD.enemies

10、A.inotherwordsB,ontheotherhandC.inasimilarwayD.byallmeans

11、A.troubleB.conversationC.silenceD.experiment

12、A.disturbingB.helpingC.guidingD.following

13、A.closerB.fasterC.inD.away

14、A.steppingforwardB,goingonC.backingawayD.comingout

15、A.weaknessB.carelessnessC.friendlinessD.coldness

16>A.talkB.travelC.laughD.think

17、A.differentB.EuropeanC.LatinoD.rich

18>A.curiosityB.excitementC.misunderstandingD.nervousness

19>A.chanceB.timeC.resultD.advice

20、A.noticedB.treatedC.respectedD.pleased

第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.（15分）UnlikesomeotherEuropeanlanguages,Englishisalittletrickywhenitcomestowriting.Howaword

L（pronounce）andhowitisactuallyspeltcanbeverydifferentthings.Taketwosimple2,（verb）like“have"and

“save”Thouldn'ttheybepronouncedthesame?Whydo“sir”“her”and“fur”allrhyme,but“fork”and“work”

don't?

Imagine,then,asituation3.twowordsarespeltandpronouncedexactlythesameway,buthave4.（complete）

differentmeanings.Welcometotheworldofhomonyms（同形同音異）?52_（take）,forexample,theword"fair"—itcan

beakindoffestivaloranadjectivetodescribethecolorofyourhair.

Sohowdoyouknowwhich6,（mean）someoneisreferringto?—Youdon't,exceptbythecontext.Obviously,if

someoneasksyouto“givethemahand"，theydon'twantyoutoremove7.isattheendofyouram.

Sometimeseventhecontextdoesn'thelpmuch--theresultcanbe8?（amuse）.Thesesentencesplaywiththe

doublemeaningofanoun.

Iusedtobeabanker,9,Ilostinterest.

Asmallboyswallowedsomecoinsandhadtogotohospital.Whenhisgrandmotherphoned10.（ask）howhewas,

thenursesaid,“Nochangeyet”.

第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）

28.（10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。

2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

TodayImetmyfirstfriend,Gonzalo>Hehadalreadybeenhereforafewdaysbutofferedmesomehelp、Idon'tthink

Iwouldmanagedeverythingsoquicklywithouthim、Heshowedmewheretoeatdeliciousandcheapmealsandhelped

uswithmysearchformymissedbike>Wealsoexploredthecampus>Ittakesus10minutestocrossitonbike、The

buildingsandsportsfacilitieswereamazedus、Manyteenagerwerehavingsports>Wehappilyjoinedthemtoplay>

IwassotiredwhenIfellintosleepdirectIwenttobed>

第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿分25分）

29.（25分）根據(jù)下面的提示，以“Travel”為題用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文。

1.當(dāng)工作勞累時(shí)，你可以旅游。這樣既可以領(lǐng)略大自然的美麗風(fēng)光、呼吸新鮮空氣，還可以交友。

2