2022北京東城區(qū)高二下學期期末英語試題和答案

2022北京東城高二（下）期末英語一、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Amotherherfouryoungchildrenwereasleepwhenafireeruptedthehome.RamonPasborgwashomewhenhesmelledsmokeandsawflames火焰)comingfromaPasborgdecided___2___thewhereheayounggirlandboysleavingthehouse.TheytoldPasborgthattheirmother4-year-oldbrotherwereinside—andwithout___3___heenteredthehouse.couldnotseeanythinginsidebecauseofheavysmokes,sohecrawled爬行)onhishandsandkneesonfloorseveralfeetintothekitchenbeforehefoundthesmallchild.Heimmediately___4___thearoundthewaist,pickedhimupandcarriedhim,outside.atemperaturebelowzero,Pasborgquicklyputallfourchildrentruckkeepthem___5___beforeenteringtheburninghomeasecondtime,thiscrawlingthroughthekitchen___6___intothehousesearchofthechildren'smissingMomentsPasborgfoundthewomanlyingonthebadlyburnedandstrugglingbreathe.Afterdraggingheroutside,henoticedthatshewas___7___andnolongerbreathing,sohebeganperforminglifesavingmeasuresuntilshesuddenlytookadeepbreath.Pasborgdrovethefamilytheendofthedrivewaynearthehighwayandawaitedthe___8___ofemergencyfirstresponders.Thefamilyweretouchedbythe___9___selflessnessPasborgdisplayed.Thehero'swillingness___10___hisownrescuethisfamilywasthebetweenanddeaththisyoungmotherandherchild.1.A.staying2.A.pullinto3.A.question4.A.touched5.A.warmB.movingB.runintoB.hesitationB.surroundedB.calmC.walkingC.breakintoC.permissionC.grabbedC.cleanD.drivingD.lookintoD.expectationD.shookD.awake6.A.lowerB.closerC.higherD.deeper7.A.discouraged8.A.entryB.unresponsiveB.returnC.impatientC.arrivalD.unpleasantD.guide9.A.loyalty10.A.riskB.courageB.sustainC.generosityC.adjustD.humblenessD.save二、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。A閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DimsumoneofthemostpopularChinesedishes.It(originate)Guangzhoucitymorethanathousandyearsago.PeopleGuangdongarefondofdrinkingteathemorningorlunch.theyofteneatdimsumduringtheirteapartiesbreakfastandlunch.ACantonesechef’sgoal____12____(preserve)theoriginalUnlikeotherChinesestylesofcookingasSichuanstyle,wherecookburiesthefoodaofspicesandoil,aCantonesechefaimsbringorhighlighttheoriginalflavorofthevegetable,meat,orfruit.Sospiceorsugar____13____(general).B閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。KateElkinsoftheEmergencyMedicalServices(EMS)and____14____(specialist).Asanactiveparamedic,Elkinsalsorespondscallsandservesanurbansearchrescueteam.First-handexperiencehasshownher____15____importanthavingawell-stockedandmaintainedfirst-aidkitcanbe."Therearecertainthingsyouneedhaveathandthemoment.Inacrisis,you'regoinghavegothestoreget____16____youneed,"Elkinspointsout.C閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Studieshavevideogamersoftenhavehighlevelsofdopamine多巴胺)thebrain.Theprospectof____17____(gain)rewardsprizescancausegamersbecomeexcited,____18____causestheproductionofunnecessarydopamine.Justasanaddictionalcoholwillcausepeople____19____(consume)morealcohol,playerscanaddictedgaming.Gamingcancertainlybefun____20____(relax)butexcessivegamingleadadolescentswithnearsightednessandhaveanegativeeffectonsociallivesofchildren.三、閱讀理解（共三節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共9小題；每小題2分，共18分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Aourfull-daysightseeingtourtheRockyMountains,whichboastsomeofmostspectacularDuringtheyouenjoyround-triptravelfromBanffreachremoteattractionincludingLakeMinnewankaandLakeLouisecomfort,stopatpicturesqueincludingfallsandlakes,enjoypersonalattentionfromyourguideonthissmall-group15people.IncludedDriver/tourguidePickupBottledwaterFoodarenotrequired.Departure9:00AMPickupPleasearrive10minutesbeforeyourselectedstarttimeforpickup.PleaseNotepickatallofBanff-hotels,hostelsandevencampgrounds!IftravellingoutsidepleaseconfirmpickuplocationwiththePleasenotewedonotpickupLakeLouise.WhatExpect?LakeMinnewankaThisthelargestlakeparkandactuallyusedbehomeasmallsummervillage.thevillageliesbeneaththepurebluewatersofLakeMinnewanka.ThisstopprovidessomeinterestinghistoryofhowthingshavechangedNationalParkovertheyears.2hours?LakeLouiseFirstopenedtheworldfamousLakeLouisehasbeenbringingguestsexperiencetheclearwatersformanyyears.Thisstopwilloffertheopportunityexplorethehistorichotel.3hoursIncludedCancellationPolicy?Forafullrefund,mustcancelatleast24hoursbeforethestarttime.?Anychangesmadeless24hoursbeforethestarttimewillnotbeaccepted.?ThisexperiencerequiresgoodIfcanceledadvanceduepooryou’llbeadifferentdateorgetthefeeyou’vepaid.?Thisexperiencerequiresaminimumnumberoftravelers.canceledyou’llbeadifferentorafullrefund.Readaboutthetourat21.enjoythisfulldayyouneed______.A.takeyourselfB.preparetipsfortheguideC.arriveat9:00amforpickupD.waitforpickupLakeLouise22.Whatwillyouexperiencethistour?A.Payavisitthesummervillage.C.LivethehistorichotelbyLakeLouise.23.Onegetfullrefundif______.A.thetourarrangedanotherdayC.thetravelersfailreachacertainnumberB.LearnthehistoryofNationalPark.D.SwimbluewatersofLakeMinnewanka.B.he/shechangestheroutebeforethetourD.he/sheexperiencesbadweatherduringtheBIfyouneedaninspiringtalkfromathere'sahotlineforthat.Thisfreecalled"Joy4allHotline".Ifcalltheyou'llhearrecordingsofkidssharingwordsofencouragement.TheJoy4allHotlineaschoolprojectcreatedatanelementaryschoolCalifornia.runbyanartteacherMaggieClancystartedthehotlinebecauseshewasconcernedaboutthestressfulthingsthatherstudentshadgonethrough.aimsbringsomejoybackintolivesofherstudents,whorangeagefrom5createthehotline,Clancyrecordedstudents.instructedthekidssaysomethingthathadhelpedthemduringadifficulttime.Thehotlineprojectalsoincludedthecreationofposters.Thesepostersdisplayedmotivationalphrasesandwereplacedaroundtown.ThespreadjoytheWhencallersdial707-968-8510,theyaregreetedbyClancy'sThewelcomesthemwiththefollowingmenu:“Ifyou'refeelingmad,frustratedornervous,press1.Ifyouneedwordsofencouragementandadvice,press2.youneedaninspiringtalkfromkindergartners,press3.youneedhearlaughingwithdelight,press4,andforencouragementSpanish,press5.”Whentheprojectfirststarted,ClancyhopedthehotlinewouldreceivecallsanButwithindaysthehotlinewasgettingover500callsanpeoplewithconqueringanxietyandgivepeoplehopewillbegoodhappeningmoretheworld.Theproject'ssuccessproveshowmuchtheworldcurrentlyneedsthiskindofpositivemessaging.“Ithinkpeoplearejustlookingforwaysfeelconnected,”Clancysaid.“Ithinkthishotlinedoesthataverypure,sweet24.WhydidClancystartthehotline?A.spreadjoyfulnewsreports.B.supporthomeschoolingD.liftherstudents'spiritsupC.introduceencouragingposters25.Throughthishotline,callerscan______.A.getClancy'sadviceB.talkwithClancy'sdaughterC.listenthesoundofkids'laughter26.WhatwelearnaboutJoy4allHotline?A.ItenjoysanincreasingC.Itprovestheimportancehappiness.D.heartherecordingsofinspiringsongsB.Itarousespeople'sconcernforkidsD.Itchangespeople'sopinionsonhotlines.CtheofsenioryearEngland,IwatchedmypeerslineupfrontoftheCareerServicesbuilding.fortheirinterviewsforjobs,allseemedbedressedthesame—themenwearingnavyjackets,thewomendarkdresses.Ithoughtbackmyfirstdaycampusyearsearlierwhenweallworedifferentcolorsanddreamedofdifferentfutures.Itwasasouryearsofinsteadofenhancingourindividualitiesandimaginations,hadreducedsameness.Itwasnotauniquescene.Allovertheworld,educationsuppliestheeconomywithworkerswhowillincreaseButthisthreatensourverysurvival.Iftheentireworldreachesthelevelsofconsumptionseenhigh-incomecountrieswe’llneedplanetEarthssupplytheresources.Thesustainabledevelopmentgoalscallforturningeducationintoaforceforsustainabilitybuttheoppositeoftentrue:thewaysthinkabouteducationundermineourabilitydealwiththeenvironmentalcrisis.AsaneducationImanychildrengoingthroughlearning—Indianpupilsrepeatingthesentenceswrittenbytheirteacherblackboard,aSouthAfricanchildyelledatbyteacherforfailingrecitethetext.Rotelearningdiscouragingindividualitychildrenareattherootofwhatmeansbeeducatedacrossmuchoftheworld.Ontheotherhand,ourfocusontechnologicalsolutionstheenvironmentalcrisisdrivingourapproacheducation.MorestudentsatBritishuniversitiesarestudyingscience,engineeringandmathematics(STEM)everbefore,includingapercentincreaseenrollmentAIcoursesoverthelast10years.ComparedtoSTEM,socialsciencesandhumanitiesareunderfundedseenaslessimportant.Butthisapproachcounterproductivebecausenon-STEMsubjectsarecrucialdevelopourreimaginetheworld.evenputourhopetheenvironmentalcrisisonAI.makegooduseofnetworkstracklandusethroughsatelliteimageryandpredictextremeButAI,likeourothertechnologies,onlytreatthesymptoms癥狀)oftheenvironmentalcrisis,notthecauses.Theselackofsensitivityourimpactontheplanet.UnlikeAI,childrenarenaturallyimaginative.Nurturingimaginationmeansseeinginspirationimaginations.aneducationsystemthatcelebratesimagination,artsandcreativityasimportantasmathandscience.Theenvironmentalcrisisnotacrisisoftechnologyorscience,acrisisofimagination.Ifweletchildrenbeourguides,wemightjustbeableimaginewaysurvival.27.Whatmainlytalkedthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Theresolutionofsurvivalproblems.C.Theadverseimpactofoverconsumption.B.Thenegativeofpresenteducation.D.Theconstantthreateconomic28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“undermine”Paragraph3probablymean?A.Change.B.Resist.C.Recall.D.29.Theauthormayagree______.A.theapplicationofAIneedsbelimitedC.creativitydominatedsciencesB.emphasisshouldbelaidsocialsciencesD.technologythefortheenvironmentalcrisis第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Peopleconnecttheirculturalorethnicgroupthroughfoodpatterns.Peopledifferentculturalbackgroundseatfoods.____30____Thesefoodpreferencesresultpatternsoffoodchoiceswithinaculturalorregionalgroup.Regionalfoodhabitsdobuttheyalsochangeovertime.____31____Theymayusetheiroldrecipeswithingredients,orexperimentwithrecipesmatchtheirowntastes.Becausepeopleandfoodaremobile,attemptscharacterizeacountryorpeoplebywhattheyeatareofteninaccurate.Inadditionimpactingfoodchoices,culturealsoplaysarolefood-relatedetiquette禮節(jié)).Forexample,theamountpeopleeatleaveuneatenvariesfromcultureculture.SomepeopleMiddleEasternSoutheastAsiancountriesmightleaveabitoffoodtheirplatesorderindicatethattheirhungerhasbeensatisfied.____32____acleanplatemightsignifyeithersatisfactionwiththemealordesireformorefood.____33____Manyfamiliesbelievethatmealtimeagoodtimecommunicate“catchup”onthelivesoffamilyandfriends.Amongotherfamilies,talkingduringamealacceptable,butthetopicsarelimited.InsomeSoutheastAsiancountries,consideredpolitekeepsilentduringaEvenamongpeoplewhosharesimilarculturalbackgrounds,eatingpatternsareidentical.eatdifferentlyfromwomen.____34____mostoftheworld,foodassociatedwithexpressionoffriendship.Therefore,sensitivityfoodcustomsimportantcross-culturalcommunication.A.PeopledifferentgroupseatB.Aspeopleimmigrate;foodpreferencesareexported.C.Fooditemsthemselveshavemeaningattachedthem.D.Theareaswhichfamiliesliveinfluencefoodlikesdislikes.E.Oneofthereasonsthatfooditselfbroughtothercountries.Besides,theroleofconversationduringmealtimevariesfromplaceplace.G.cooksfromotherlocationsmightbedispleasedfoodleftontheplate.閱讀下面短文并回答問題。請將答案書寫在答題卡相應位置。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。Doyouthinkyou’reagoodlistener?Chancesaredo.Butstudiesshowthatmostpeopleseriouslyoverestimatetheirabilitylisten.Thetruthwegenerallynotgoodatlistening,ourlisteningcomprehensiondeclinesasweage.Whywegoodatlistening?Onereasonconcernsspeedatwhichwethink.Theadultbrainprocessuparound400wordsperminute.Thismeansduringaconversationanaveragepersonthinksmorethanthreetimesfasterthanhespeaks.Therefore,wecanthinkaboutsomethingelsewhilesomeonetalkingus,allowingourmindwanderorgetsidetracked.Thinkingaboutyouwillreplywhilesomeonetalkingoneofthemostcommonbarrierseffectivelistening.Anotherfactorthatcontributesourpoorlisteningourever-decreasingattentionspan持續(xù)時間).AccordingstudyconductedbyMicrosoft,—aroundthetimetherevolutionbegan—theaveragehumanattentionspanwas12seconds;by2013,hadfallen8seconds!Ourmobiledevicesprovideconstantdistractions,whichbeverydestructivelistening.resultshaveshownthatbeinginterruptedbyacellphonelowerslisteningcomprehensionby20percent.Interruptionsanddistractionscancauseadramaticdeclinelisteningability—buttheyhaveMoreandmorepeoplerealizethatlisteningaskillthatcanbedevelopedthroughpractice.Learningobserveaspeaker’sbodylanguageandemotions,forexample,canimproveouractivelistening.Eventhesimpleactofnote-takingormakingcontactcanhelpusstayfocusedwhilelistening.TherewardsofeffectivelisteningareResearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhoaregoodlistenersmakebetterleaders.Andarecentstudyindicatesthatemployeeswhodon’tbelievetheirbosseslisteningthemarelesslikelyofferhelpfulsuggestionsandideas.AsRalphNicholsoncesaid,mostbasicofallhumanneedstheneedunderstandandbeunderstood.Thebestwayunderstandpeoplelistenthem.”35.AccordingParagraph2,whyeasyforusgetdistractedduringaconversation?36.Whathascauseddecreaseofourattentionspan?37.Pleasedecidewhichpartfalsethefollowingstatement,thenunderlineandexplainThedeclineoflisteningcausedbydistractionssharp,ithardprevented.38.Pleaseintroducetherewardsthateffectivelisteningbringsyou.四、翻譯句子（共5小題；每小題2分，共分）請使用括號中所給的單詞或詞組的適當形式將下面的句子翻譯成英文，并將答案書寫在答題卡相應的位置。39.convey）(漢譯英)40.makeupmind）(漢譯英)41.regardlessof）(漢譯英)42.看到有人窒息，Kathychoke）(漢譯英)43.onbehalfof）漢譯英)五、書面表達（20分）44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學高二學生李華。你的美國筆友Jim明年將參加美國大學入學考試，發(fā)來郵件說感覺壓力大。請你給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.如何緩解壓力；2.暑期生活建議。注意：1.字左右；2.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,LiHua參考答案一、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.CAD7.B8.CB10.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了帕斯博格在回家的路上遇到火災，毫不猶豫地進入火海并成功救出一家人的事跡?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：拉蒙·帕斯博格開車回家時聞到了煙味，看到一家房子窗外有火焰。A.staying停留；B.moving移動；C.walking散步；D.driving駕駛。根據(jù)第三段的“Pasborgdrovethefamilytheendofthe的路上遇到了這起火災。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：帕斯博格決定把車駛?cè)胍慌缘乃郊臆嚨劳Ｏ?，在那里他看到一個小女孩和兩個男孩離開了房子。A.pull停車；B.run遇見；C.breakinto強行進入；D.lookinto調(diào)查。根據(jù)后文的“heenteredthe（他進了屋）”可知，帕斯伯格將車停好準備接下來的救人。故選A【3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們告訴帕斯伯格，他們的母親和4歲的弟弟還在里面，然后他毫不猶豫地進入了屋內(nèi)。A.question問題；B.hesitation猶豫不決；C.permission允許；D.expectation期望。根據(jù)后文的“Pasborgcouldnotanythinginsidebecauseofsmokes.（帕斯博格因為濃煙而看不到里面的任何東withouthesitation：毫不猶豫。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他立即摟住少年的腰，將他抱起來，往外走。A.touched接觸；B.surrounded包圍；C.grabbed抓住；D.shook搖擺。發(fā)現(xiàn)男孩后他要救孩子出去，grabsb.aroundthewaist：抓住某人的腰部。故選C項。【5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：溫度低于零下，帕斯博格迅速將四個孩子全部送進卡車取暖，然后第二次進入著火的家，這次他是從廚房爬到屋子更深處，尋找孩子們失蹤的母親。A.warm溫暖的；B.calm的；C.cleanD.awake清醒的。根據(jù)“atemperaturebelowzero（溫度低于零下）”可知，戶外很冷，帕斯博格將四個孩子送進卡車取暖。故選A項。【6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：溫度低于零下，帕斯博格迅速將四個孩子全部送進卡車取暖，然后第二次進入著火的家，這次他是從廚房爬到屋子更深處，尋找孩子們失蹤的母親。A.lower更低地；B.closer地；C.higher更高地；D.deeper更深地。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知，帕斯博格第一輪救人沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們的母親，因此帕斯博格第二輪救人就要更加深入屋內(nèi)。故選D項。【7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：將她拖到外面后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)她已經(jīng)沒有反應，沒有呼吸了，于是他開始采取救生措施，直到她突然深吸了一口氣。A.discouraged泄氣的；B.unresponsive無反應的；C.impatient沒有耐心的；D.unpleasant不愉快的。根據(jù)“nolongerbreathing（不再呼吸）”可知，這位母親暫時沒有了反應。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帕斯博格隨后開車將一家人送到靠近高速公路的車道盡頭，在那里等待急救人員的到來。A.entry進入；B.return返回；C.arrival到達；D.guide導游。根據(jù)“firstresponders（急救人員）”可知，帕斯博格救出一家人后開車將他們送到高速公路的車道盡頭是為了“等待”急救人員的到來。故選C【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：家人被帕斯博格所表現(xiàn)出的勇氣和無私所感動。A.loyalty忠誠；B.courage勇氣；C.generosity慷慨；D.humbleness謙遜。由第3題的分析可知，帕斯博格毫不猶豫地進入火海去救他人，看得出他很勇敢和無私。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位英雄愿意冒著生命危險拯救這個家庭，這對這個年輕的母親和她的孩子來說是生死攸關(guān)的大事。A.冒險；sustain維持，支撐；C.adjust調(diào)整；D.save挽救。由上一題的分析可知，帕斯博格勇敢地進入火海救人，這是冒著生命危險的。故選A二、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】originated12.preserve13.generally【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了點心的起源和制作過程?！绢}詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：它起源于一千多年前的廣州城。根據(jù)時間狀語“thanathousandyears”可知，句子的謂語動詞使用一般過去時。故填originated。【12題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：粵菜廚師的目標是保持食物的原汁原味。此處為動詞不定式作表語，說明主語的具體內(nèi)容或表示目的。故填preserve?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：通常使用很少的香料或糖。使用副詞作狀語修飾謂語“used”。故填generally?！敬鸢浮縮pecialists15.whatever【解析】【導語】本文為一篇新聞報道。文章簡介了緊急醫(yī)療服務(wù)和專家之一凱特·埃爾金斯，以及她的經(jīng)驗之談?！?4題詳解】考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：凱特·埃爾金斯是緊急醫(yī)療服務(wù)和專家之一。oneof后接名詞復數(shù)，EmergencyMedicalServices(EMS)為該名詞的前置定語，設(shè)空處應填復數(shù)specialists，意為“專家們”。故填specialists。【15題詳解】考查感嘆句。句意：第一手的經(jīng)驗告訴她，擁有一個儲備充足、維護良好的急救箱是多么重要。此處考查感嘆句，因設(shè)空處后為形容詞important，應用引導感嘆句。故填?！?6題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：在危機中，你不會有時間去商店買你需要的任何東西。設(shè)空處在動詞get后，引導賓語從句，并在從句中作賓語，此處應用whatever，意為“任何……的事物”，表強調(diào)。故填whatever?！敬鸢浮縢aining18.which20.relaxing【解析】19.comsune【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹電子游戲玩家的大腦中多巴胺含量往往很高，過度游戲會對兒童的社會生活產(chǎn)生負面影響?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：獲得獎勵和獎品的前景可能會使玩家變得興奮，從而產(chǎn)生不必要的多巴胺。分析句子可知，介詞of后應接動名詞作賓語。故填gaining?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：獲得獎勵和獎品的前景可能會使玩家變得興奮，從而產(chǎn)生不必要的多巴胺。分析句子可知，這里考查非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指代前面整個主句內(nèi)容。故填which。【19題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：正如對酒精上癮會導致人們喝更多的酒一樣，玩家也會對游戲上癮。分析句子可知，這里考查causesbsth表“使某人做某事”，為固定搭配。故填comsune?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：游戲當然是有趣和放松的，但過度的游戲會導致青少年近視，并對兒童的社會生活產(chǎn)生負面影響。分析句子可知，此空應填形容詞和前面fun并列作表語，修飾Gaming應用relaxing，表“令人放松的”。故填relaxing。三、閱讀理解（共三節(jié)，40分）【答案】C22.B23.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了落基山脈的全日觀光游并提供了詳細的旅游指南信息。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Departure(離開時間)部分的“9:00AM”（上午九點）可知，要享受這個全日游，游客需要上午9點鐘到達接送點。故選C項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LakeMinnewanka部分的“ThisstopprovidessomeinterestinghistoryofhowthingshavechangedNationalParkovertheyears.”（這里提供了這些年來有關(guān)于班夫國家公園變化的有趣歷B項。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CancellationPolicy部分的“Thisexperiencerequiresaminimumnumberoftravelers.canceledyou’llbeadifferentdateorafull”（這種體驗需要旅行者達到最低人數(shù)標準。如果它故選C項?！敬鸢浮緿25.C26.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了加利福尼亞一所小學的藝術(shù)老師克蘭西開通了熱線電話來幫助學生減壓，現(xiàn)在它越來越受到人們的歡迎。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Clancystartedthehotlinebecauseshewasconcernedaboutthestressfulthingsthatherstudentshadgonethrough.Sheaimsbringjoybackintolivesofherstudents,whorangefrom512.（克蘭西開通熱線電話是因為她擔心她的學生經(jīng)歷的那些帶來很大壓力的事情。她的目標是為5至12難時能夠振奮自己的精神狀態(tài)。故選D【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Ifyouneedhearkidslaughingwithdelight,press4.（如果你需要聽到孩子們開心的笑聲，請按4）”可知，通過該熱線，來電者可以聆聽孩子們的笑聲。故選C【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Whentheprojectfirststarted,ClancyhopedthehotlinewouldreceivecallsanButwithindaysthehotlinewasgettingover500callsan（項目剛開始時，克蘭西希望熱線每小時能接到個電話。但在兩天內(nèi)，這條熱線每小時接到超過500來越受人歡迎。故選A【答案】B28.D29.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了當前教育削弱了學生的想象力和創(chuàng)造力以及對于社會科學和人文學科的不重視所帶來的負面影響，進而提出要重視培養(yǎng)學生的想象力和創(chuàng)造力?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Itwasasouryearsofinsteadofenhancingourindividualitiesandimaginations,hadreducedsameness.”（就好像我們多年的學習并沒有增強我們的個性和想象力，而Alloverworld,educationsuppliestheeconomywithworkerswhowillincreaseButthisthreatensourverysurvival.”（在世界各地，教育為經(jīng)濟提供了可Thesustainabledevelopmentgoalsforturningeducationintoaforceforbuttheoppositeoftentrue:thewayswethinkabouteducationundermineourabilitydealwiththeenvironmentalcrisis.”（可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標要求將教育轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭扇沃v了當前教育削弱了學生的想象力、威脅到了人類的生存和削弱了人類應對環(huán)境危機的能力，即前三段主要講述了當前教育帶來的負面影響。故選B【28題詳解】詞句猜測題。由上一題的分析可知，教育雖然為提高生產(chǎn)力起到了積極的作用，但是卻威脅到了人們的生存，因此才會有可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標的提出。再根據(jù)第三段的“Thesustainabledevelopmentgoalscallforturningeducationintoaforceforbuttheoppositeoftentrue:thewaysthinkabouteducationundermineourabilitydealwiththeenvironmentalcrisis.”（可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標要求將教育轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展的力量，但事實往往恰恰相反：我們對教育的看法undermine育沒能為可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供力量，卻是相反的作用，即教育削弱了人類應對環(huán)境危機的能力，因此weaken可以解釋劃線詞。故選D項?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“UnlikeAI,childrennaturallyimaginative.Nurturingimaginationmeansseeinginspirationchildren'simaginations.aneducationsystemthatcelebratesimagination,artsandcreativityareasimportantasmathandscience.Theenvironmentalcrisisnotacrisisoftechnologyorscience,acrisisofimagination.Ifweletchildrenbeguides,wemightjustbeableimaginewaysurvival.”（與人工智能不同，孩子們天生具有想象力。培養(yǎng)想象力意味著從孩子的想象力中看到靈感。在一個崇尚想象力的教育體系中，藝術(shù)和創(chuàng)造力與數(shù)學和科學一樣重要。環(huán)境危機不是技術(shù)或科學的危機，而是想象力的危于兒童，兒童的創(chuàng)造力也許會帶來解決危機的辦法，因此創(chuàng)造力源于兒童所受到的科學教育。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）【答案】D31.B32.GFA【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在不同的文化中飲食模式不同的原因。【30題詳解】根據(jù)“Peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundseatdifferentfoods.不同文化背景的人吃不同的食物)”以及“Thesefoodpreferencesresultpatternsoffoodchoiceswithinaculturalorregionalgroup.(這些食物偏好導致了文化或區(qū)域群體內(nèi)的食物選擇模式”可知，不同文化背景的人吃不同的食物，而家庭所居住的局域也會對食物的偏好有所影響。由此可知，D項“家庭居住的地區(qū)影響食物的好惡”符合語境，和前一句話共同解釋了造成飲食偏好的原因。故選D?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“Theymayusetheirrecipeswithingredients,orexperimentwithrecipesmatchtheirowntastes.Becausepeoplearemobile,attemptscharacterizeacountryorbywhattheyeatareofteninaccurate.(他們可能會用他們的老食譜搭配新的配料，或者嘗試新的食譜來滿足自己的口味。因為人和食物是流動的，所以試圖通過吃什么來描述一個國家或一個人往往是不準確的”可知，因為人口和食物都是流動的，所以人們吃的食物也會因為人口和食物的流動而改變。由此可知，B項“隨著人們的移民，食物偏好被輸出”符合語境。B項中的immigrate和下文中“peoplefoodare”相呼應。故選B?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)“additionimpactingfoodchoices,culturealsoplaysarolefood-relatedetiquette禮節(jié)).(除了影響食物選擇外，文化也在與食物相關(guān)的禮儀中發(fā)揮作用)”以及“SomepeopleMiddleEasternandSoutheastAsiancountriesmightleaveabitoffoodtheirplatesorderindicatethattheirhungerhasbeensatisfied.(一些來自中東和東南亞國家的人可能會在盤子里留下一點食物，以表明他們的饑餓得到了滿足)”可知，文化的不同也在與食物相關(guān)的禮儀中發(fā)揮作用，而且文中舉了幾個不同的飲食習俗。由此可知，G項“然而，如果食物留在盤子里，其他地方的廚師可能會不高興”符合語境。G項中的however和前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而且也是在舉例說明不同的飲食習俗。故選G?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)“Manyfamiliesbelievethatmealtimeagoodtimecommunicate“catchup”onthelivesoffamilyandfriends.(許多家庭認為，進餐時間是溝通和“趕上”家人和朋友生活的好時機)”可知，本段主要講述進餐時間是和家人溝通的好時機。由此可知，F(xiàn)項“此外，在進餐時間交談的作用因地而異”符合語境。F項中的conversation和下文中的communicate相呼應。故選F?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“Evenamongpeoplewhosharesimilarculturalbackgrounds,eatingpatternsnotidentical.meneatdifferentlyfromwomen.(即使在文化背景相似的人群中，飲食模式也不盡相同。此外，男性的飲食與女性不同”可知，本段主要講述即使在文化相同的人群中，飲食習慣也會不同。由此可知，A項“不同年齡段的人吃得不同”符合語境。和前一句話共同構(gòu)成了“即使在文化相同的人群中，飲食習慣也會不同”的兩個方面。故選A。閱讀下面短文并回答問題。請將答案書寫在答題卡相應位置。【答案】Becauseduringaconversationanaveragepersonthinksthanthreetimesfasterthanhespeaksandhemaythinkabout36.Ourdevices37.Thedeclineoflisteningcausedbydistractionssharp,andbe.BecauseMoremorepeoplerealizethatlisteningaskillthatcanbedevelopedthroughpractice.38.參考答案:Firstofall,goodlistenersmakebettermoreallowsusunderstandothers’views,taketheirstrengthsandunderstandtheirlogicalthinking.Inaddition,beingalistenergoodforusdealwithindividualproblemsandimproveourpersonalqualities!【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述我們通常不擅長傾聽，隨著年齡的增長，我們的傾聽理解能力會下降，并分析我們不擅長傾聽的原因?！?5題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。由文章第二段“Onereasonconcernsthespeedatwhichwethink.Theadultbraincanprocessuparoundwordsperminute.Thismeansduringaconversationanaveragepersonthinksmorethanthreetimesfasterthanhespeaks.Therefore,wecaneasilyaboutsomethingelsewhilesomeonetalkingus,allowingourmindwanderorgetsidetracked.(一個原因與我們思考的速度有關(guān)。成年人的大腦每分鐘可以處理大約個單詞。這意味著在談話中，一個普通人的思考速度是他說話速度的三倍以上。因此，當有人和我們說話時，我們可以很容易地想到其他事情，讓我們的思想四處游蕩或偏離方向。)”和“Thinkingabouthowyouwillreplywhilesomeonetalkingoneofthemostcommonbarrierseffectivelistening.(當別人還在說話時思考你會如何回答是有效傾聽最常見的障礙之一。)”可知，是因為我們思考的速度比我們說話的速度快很多和思考你會如何回答，導致我們會分心。故答案為Becauseduringaconversationanaveragepersonthinksmorethanthreetimesfasterthanhespeakshemaythinkabout【36題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。由文章第三段“AccordingconductedbyMicrosoft,2000—aroundthethemobilerevolutionbegan—theaveragehumanattentionspanwas12seconds;by2013,hadfallen8seconds!Ourmobiledevicesprovideconstantdistractions,whichcanbedestructivelistening.根據(jù)微軟的研究，2000年移動革命開始前后，人類的平均注意力跨度為12秒；到2013年，它已經(jīng)下降到8秒！我們的移動設(shè)備會不斷分散注意力，這會對聽力造成很大破壞。)”可知，我們的移動設(shè)備會讓我們降低注意力時長。故答案為Ourdevices.【37題詳解】考查推理判斷。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Interruptionsdistractionscancauseadramaticdeclinelisteningability—buttheydon'thaveMoremorepeoplerealizethatlisteningathatcanbedevelopedthroughpractice.Learningobserveabodylanguageandemotions,forexample,canimproveouractivelistening.Eventhesimpleofnote-takingormakingcontactcanhelpusstayfocusedwhilelistening.(干擾和分心可能會導致聽力能力急劇下降，但并非必須如此。越來越多的人現(xiàn)在意識到傾聽是一種可以通過練習來改善的技能。例如，學習觀察說話者的肢體語言和情緒可以提高我們的積極聽力。即使是簡單的記筆記或眼神交流也能幫助我們在聽的時候保持專注。”可知，聽力能力下降是可以防范的，我們可以練習來改善聽力技能。因此原句中的“hardbeprevented.”是錯誤的，故答案為Thedeclineoflisteningabilitycausedbydistractionssharp,andhardbeprevented.BecauseMoremorepeoplerealizethatlisteningaskillthatcanbedevelopedthroughpractice.【38題詳解】開放題。根據(jù)最后一段“TherewardsoflisteningareResearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhoaregoodl