非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之過(guò)去分詞

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之過(guò)去分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞doingdonetodo主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Ving時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)Vingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonetodo時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendonedone時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)done非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞Therobbersareusingastolencar.Thefiremenwererescuingthepeopletrappedinthefire.Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.Thecupisbroken.5.Hemanagedtomakehimselfunderstood.6.Theyconsideredthemattersolved.7.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.8.Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.9.Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood!10.Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.以上劃線部分在句中的成分（主、謂、賓、表、定、狀、補(bǔ)）在句1&2中充當(dāng)：______________在句3&4中充當(dāng)：_____在句5&6&7中充當(dāng)：_____在句8&9&10中充當(dāng)：____________________定語(yǔ)（前置/后置）表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)（時(shí)間/原因/伴隨等）過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)①單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞，常放在被修飾詞的前面,作前置定語(yǔ)Thelostchildwasfoundatlast.Theexcitedpeoplerushedintobuilding.Losttimecanneverbefoundagain.②過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的后面，作后置定語(yǔ)Thechildlostintheparkwasfoundatlast.Themeeting,attendedbyalotofpeople,wasasuccess．動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)：1、位置③如果單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞所修飾的詞是代詞those或是不定代詞時(shí)，通常過(guò)去分詞要放在被修飾的詞之后。ThereisalmostnothingchangedsinceIleftthetowntwoyearsago.自從我兩年前離開(kāi)以來(lái)，這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)幾乎沒(méi)有什么變化。Everythingusedshouldbemarked．所有用過(guò)的東西應(yīng)該做好標(biāo)記。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)：1、位置①及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示被動(dòng)的、完成adamagedbridge一座被毀壞的橋

icedbeer冰凍啤酒___________________被污染的空氣和水___________熟食②不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，只表示完成，不表示被動(dòng)意義therisensun升起的太陽(yáng)aretiredteacher一位退休的教師___________落葉___________開(kāi)水動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)：2、使用意義cookedfoodpollutedairandwaterfallenleavesboiledwater①及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)用來(lái)表示被動(dòng),可改為帶被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句Hedidn’tturnupatthemeeting

held

yesterday.IfoundithardtounderstandtheEnglishspokenbynativevillagers.②不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(僅限于不能后置的單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞)則表示完成,可改為帶有完成時(shí)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句Wedranksomeboiledwaterandwentonwithourwork.(whichwas)(thatwas)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)：3、可轉(zhuǎn)換成定語(yǔ)從句(=whichhadboiled)Thesefemalepigsarecloned.Sowecallthem_______pigs.Thesefemalepigsarecloned.Sowecallthempigs___________________.that/whichareclonedclonedScientificexperiments

whicharecarriedout

bystudentscanbedangerous.Scientificexperiments____________bystudentscanbedangerous.carriedout1.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，可以看作是過(guò)去分詞的形容詞化，說(shuō)明的是主語(yǔ)在該動(dòng)作完成后所處的狀態(tài)，也有一定的被動(dòng)意味。其前可有quite,very,rather等修飾詞。常見(jiàn)的作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞如:closed(關(guān)閉的)；lost(丟失的)；known(著名的)married(已婚的)；gone(遺失的)；worried(擔(dān)憂的)；interested(感興趣的)tired(疲勞的)pleased(高興的)；surprised(吃驚的);動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)He_____________afterreadingtheletter．看完信后,他看起來(lái)?yè)?dān)憂。He___________________attheidea．聽(tīng)到這個(gè)想法,他似乎相當(dāng)高興。I_____________atthenews．聽(tīng)了這消息我非常高興。lookedworriedseemedquitedelightedwasverypleased動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞：表示保持：感官系動(dòng)詞：表象系動(dòng)詞：變化系動(dòng)詞：終止系動(dòng)詞：am,is,are,was,were,beenkeep,rest,remain,stay,lie,standseem,appear,lookfeel,smell,sound,tastebecome,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,prove,turnout●能用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞,表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成意義,有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之?！褡髻e語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,即賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.介詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)with,without+n.+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞Withmanyflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.周?chē)N了許多花,他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花園。Theyleftwithoutadishtouched.他們離開(kāi)時(shí)一盤(pán)菜都沒(méi)碰。The__________________hisworks_________.這位偉大的作家逝世時(shí)作品未完成。________________________hishands____behindhisback.小偷被帶進(jìn)來(lái)了,雙手被反綁在后面。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)greatwriterdiedwithunfinishedThethiefwasbroughtinwithtied2.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞和它前面的賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。如果這種句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變成了主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)1.表“希望”、“意愿”、“愛(ài)憎”、“要求”的動(dòng)詞：want,wish,expect,like,hate,order+賓語(yǔ)+(tobe)doneI_____________________onSunday.我想在星期天完成工作。I________________________beforefiveo’clock.我希望在5點(diǎn)之前完成我的作業(yè)。Hewon’t____such________________atthemeeting.他不喜歡這樣的問(wèn)題在會(huì)上討論。Jim______________________.Jim要求房間被打掃。能接過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有wanttheworkfinishedwishmyhomeworkfinishedlikequestionsdiscussedorderedtheroomcleaned2.表感覺(jué)或思維活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))：feel,hear,listento,see,watch,lookat,observe,notice,find,think,consider+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞____________________________.我們看到小偷被警察抓。__________________________.人們發(fā)現(xiàn)水被污染了。___________thematter______．他們認(rèn)為這問(wèn)題解決了。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))WesawthethiefcaughtbythepolicePeoplefoundthewaterpollutedTheythoughtsettledget,have,make,keep,leave3.表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞_____________________________.他昨天拔了牙。______________onceamonth．我每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。______________________________________.你應(yīng)該說(shuō)大聲點(diǎn)讓別人聽(tīng)到。Hecouldn’tkeephiseyesshuttoallthis.他無(wú)法無(wú)視對(duì)這一切。Don’tleavethosethingsundone.不要留那些事情不處理。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))HegothistoothpulledoutyesterdayIhavemyhaircutYoushouldspeakloudertomakeyourselfheard動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1).AsheknowsverylittleEnglish,hefindsitdifficulttomakehimself__________.(understand)2).I________________________yesterday.(寄信）3).Youmustmakeyourself＿＿＿＿whenyoutalkinfrontoftheclass.（hear)4).Aftertherobbery,theyfoundthewindows________.(break)5).Youmustn’tmakethesecretbetweenus________tothepublic.(know)understoodhadmyletterdeliveredheardbrokenknownThemanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.

A．carryout B．carryingout C．carriedout D．tocarryoutHelenhadtoshout_____abovethesoundofthemusic.(2004高考廣西卷)makingherselfhear B.tomakeherselfhear C.makingherselfheard D.tomakeherselfheard過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等，表示被動(dòng)或完成。①表示時(shí)間Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.②表示條件Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)③表示原因Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.④表示伴隨情況⑤表示讓步Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.有些過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表動(dòng)作而表狀態(tài)。這樣的過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))常見(jiàn)的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);absorbedin(全神貫注于);dressedin(穿著);tiredof(厭煩)等。Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.

因?yàn)槌两谒伎贾?所以他沒(méi)聽(tīng)到那個(gè)聲音。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)時(shí)間，條件或讓步的意味，還可保留連詞，構(gòu)成“連詞+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)__________amedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.當(dāng)你做體格檢查時(shí)要保持鎮(zhèn)定。______________theoppositeteam,theplayersdidn’tloseheart.盡管這些球員被對(duì)方球隊(duì)打敗了，但他們并沒(méi)有灰心。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)WhengivenThoughbeatenby過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是主句的主語(yǔ)。邏輯主語(yǔ)與分詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.①表示時(shí)間,可換成when,while,after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.②表示條件,可換成if,once或unless等引導(dǎo)的條件主語(yǔ)從句Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.Iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞與狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換③表示原因,可換成because,as,since等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句④表示伴隨情況,可換成and連接的并列句⑤表示讓步,可換成although/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,andwasfollowedbyherlittledaughter.Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.Althoughhewasbeatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞不定式的區(qū)別作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞：過(guò)去分詞：不定式：doing:表示主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示被動(dòng)，完成將要發(fā)生的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作；作狀語(yǔ)表示主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行表示被動(dòng)，完成表示目的現(xiàn)在分詞：過(guò)去分詞：不定式：beingdone:表示被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別Whenfirst____________(introduce)myselftomyparents-in-law,Ifeltabitnervous.Whenfirst____________(introduce)tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess._________(catch)thefirsttrainforShanghai,IgotupearlythismorningintroducedintroducingTocatchItshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen___atthemeetingbymyboss.Aquestioning Bhavequestioned Cquestioned DtobequestionedWheneverIamintrouble,Iwilllockmyselfaloneathome,always_______________myselfmanywhys.(question)questioning1).＿＿＿＿bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.2)._______alargenumberofpeople,theshowwasindeedagreatsuccess.A．Attracting B．Attracted C．Tobeattracted D．HavingattractedBAboilingwaterboiledwaterfallentrees/leavesescapedanimalsaretiredpresidentfallingleavesanescapingcriminalaretiringpresident比較比較_______yesterdayThemeeting___________now(hold)__________tomorrowisofgreatimportance.