湖南省部分學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一年級(jí)上冊(cè)期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

英語(yǔ)

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在

本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Daydreaming.B.Makingatravelplan.C.Describingherdreamjob.

2.Whosespiritisworthylearningaccordingtotheman'swords?

A.Thewoman's.B.Theman's.C.Sam's.

3Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theman'suncle.B.Ananimal.C.Agoodluck.

4.Whatdoesthewomandislike?

A.Thesoupmadebyhermother.

B.Thefriedricemadebyhermother.

C.Thedumplingsmadebyherfather.

5.Whatdoesthemar1wantLilytodo?

A.Finishanartassignment.

B.MakeacardforMary.

C.Prepareforanexam.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Onthephone.B.Atthecinema.C.Inacar.

7.Whatkindofmoviedothespeakersdecidetosee?

A.Anactionmovie.B.Acartoonmovie.C.Aedy.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Brotherandsister.B.Auntandnephew.C.Motherandson.

9.Howoldistheman'smothernow?

A.55yearsold.B.56yearsold.C.57yearsold.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whydoesthewomandothepresentjob?

A.Shelivesnearherworkplace.

B.Herpanypaysverywell.

C.Shecanlearnsomeskills.

11.Whichstrangejobdoesthewomanprefer?

A.Ahoteltestsleeper.B.Anicecreamtaster.C.Adogfoodtaster.

12.Howmanystrangejobsdoesthemanmention?

A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatdidthewomandowiththethief?

A.Shepretendednottoseehim.

B.Shefoughtwithhim.

C.Shedidasheasked.

14.Whatdidthethiefsteal?

A.Anecklace.B.Somemoney.C.Nothing.

15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?

A.Fitahomealarmsystem.B.Callthepolice.C.Keepadog.

16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?

A.Sheispuzzled.B.Sheisbrave.C.Sheisfrightened.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WheredidGeorgeparkhiscar?

A.Atasquare.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Onanarrowstreet.

18.Whatwasthetimewhenhegotoutofhiscar?

A.At4:20pm.B.At4:40pm.C.At5:00pm.

19.WheredidGeorgeputhiskeys?

A.Inhispocket.B.Inhiscar.C.Onthebench.

20WhywasGeorgeunabletoseehiscaratfirst?

A.Someonestoleit.

B.Itwasbehindanothercar.

C.Hewenttoawrongplace.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Paris,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:

someiniconic（標(biāo)志'性的）placesyou'veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou'lldelightin

discovering.

PontdesArts

ConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonaparte

in1804andreconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocals

alike.Inthespringandsummermonths,ParisiansandvisitorsehereforlazypicnicsoverlookingtheSeine.

PontMarie

ThislovelybutlittleknownbridgeisagatewaybetweentheMaraisdistrictontherightbankandanatural

islandontheSeineRiver.Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670,followingafireonitswoodenstructure

thatdestroyedmuchoftheoriginalbridgeandthehousesthatoncestoodonit.Ithasremainedmuchthesame

sincethe18thcentury,makingitoneofParis?oldestbridges.

PontAlexandreIII

ThePontAlexandreIIIisprobablythemostattractiveofParis9manybridges.Builtbetween1896and1900,it

connectsthedesInvalideswiththegardensofthePetitPalais.It'safterdarkthatyoucanbestappreciateitsdelicate

statuesandotherdecorativeelements.

PontNeuf

Firstbuiltin1578byKingHenryIII,PontNeufhasseennumerousreconstructionsandchangesoverthe

centuries.ButitconservesitsRomaninspiredarch（拱形）structures.Thisisalovelybridgethatofferseasyand

picturesqueaccesstotheleftandrightbank.Havesomeicecream,explorethelovelyriversidepathsandenjoy

viewsofNotreDameCathedral.

1.WhatisspecialaboutthePontdesArts?

A.Ithasbeenrebuiltmanytimes.B.ItisoneofParis5oldestbridges.

C.Itisabridgeonlyforpeoplewalking.D.ItisthemostattractivebridgeinParis.

2.Whichistheoldestamongthefourbridges?

A.PontdesArts.B.PontMarie.

C.PontAlexandreIIID.PontNeuf.

3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Aguidebook.B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Anewsreport.D.Abookreview.

【答案】l.C2.D3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了法國(guó)首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的橋梁。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章PontdesArts段講至"ConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdes

Arts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804andreconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalking

thatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.（連接盧浮宮和法蘭西學(xué)院的藝術(shù)橋（PontdesArts）是1804年由拿破

侖?波拿巴（NapoleonBonaparte）建造的，在20世紀(jì)70年代重建，是一座僅供行人行走的橋，受到游客和當(dāng)

地人的喜愛(ài)。）”可知，藝術(shù)橋的特別之處是這是一座供人行走的橋。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章PontdesArts部分講到“firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804（1804年由拿破侖?波拿

巴首次建造）"、PontMarie.部分講到“Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670（目前的石頭結(jié)構(gòu)可以追

溯到1670年左右）”、PontAlexandreIII部分講到“Builtbetween1896and1900（建于1896年至1900年）”

以及PontNeuf部分講到“Firstbuiltin1578byKingHenry111（始建于1578年，由國(guó)王亨利三世建造）”可知，

四座橋中最古老的是PontNeuf。故選D。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題o文章第一段講到“Paris,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.Thesearefourofthemost

beautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic（標(biāo)志性的）placesyou'veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplaces

thatyouHldelightindiscovering.（法國(guó)首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的橋梁。這是巴黎最美麗的四座橋：一些在

你在電影中看到的標(biāo)志性地方，另一些在你樂(lè)于發(fā)現(xiàn)的安靜地方。）”可知，本文大概出自一本指南。故選

Ao

B

EverydayJuanitaMengel,a67yearoldwomanfromthestateofOhio,wakesupandputsonherprosthetic（假

體的）leg.

Then,MengeldoesthesameforLolaPearl,herfiveyearoldcat.LolaPearlalsomissedherbackleftleg.Mengel

hasmanycats.Mostofthemhavedisabilities.ButLolaPearlisspecial.Sheisatherapy（治療）cat.And,sheand

Mengelarepartnersofakind.Theyareamong200therapycatteamsregisteredintheUnitedStatesbythenonprofit

group,PetPartners.

Thegrouphelpshumansandpetsalikebysettingthemupintoteamstoprovideanimalassisted（幫助）therapy.

Theteamsvisithospitals,nursinghomesandschoolsandassistthoseinneed.Besidesdogsandcats,PetPartners

registersotherspeciesastherapyanimals,includinghorses,rabbits,rats,guineapigs,birdsandminipigs.

TaylorGriffinisnationaldirectoratPetPartners.Shesaid,“Therapyanimalsareanimalswho'vebeengauged

whethertheyaresuitableforassistingsomepeople,andarebasedontheirabilitytomeetnewpeopleandenjoythe

process.”

MengelsaidLolaPearlshowedsignsthatshewouldmakeagoodtherapycatsoonaftertheanimaljoinedher

family.justknewshewouldbeagoodtherapybecauseshewassogoodwithpeople.Peoplereallywereattracted

toher,too,^^Mengelsaid.

Mengelwasatravelingnursewhenshewasinacaraccidentthatalmostkilledher.Oneofherlegscouldnot

besaved.Later,sheconnectedwithafriendinthestateofMissouriwhohadaseverelyinjuredkitten.Thecafslegs

weretwistedtogether.Ananimalmedicalspecialistworkedtorepairthedamage,butintheend,theyhadtoremove

oneofthebabycat'slegs.ThatkittenwasLolaPearl.

MengeltookLolaPearlashercataftertalkingwithherfriend.DespitethedifficultiesMengelhasfaced,sheis

gratefultoLolaPearlandtheirworkinPetPartners.

"It'sareallyrewardingexperience,9,shesaid.t4IgetjustasmuchoutofitasthepeoplethatIvisit.”

4.WhatcanweknowaboutPetPartners?

A.Itmainlyprovidesanimalassistedtherapy.B.ItisanonprofitgroupfoundedbyTaylorGriffin.

C.Itonlyoffershelptopatientsinhospitals.D.Itdoesn'tregisterbirdsastherapyanimals.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gauged“meaninparagraph4?

A.Guessed.B.Designed.C.Explained.D.Measured.

6.HowdidJuanitaMengelgettoknowLolaPearl?

A.ByworkinginPetPartners.B.Throughoneofherfriends.

C.ByrepairingLolaPearrsleg.D.ThroughmovingtoMissouri.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJuanitaMengel?

A.Optimisticandhelpful.B.Proudandhumorous.

C.Talkativeandthoughtful.D.Honestandtalented.

【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了非營(yíng)利組織PetPartners通過(guò)將人類和寵物組成團(tuán)隊(duì)提供動(dòng)物援助,

來(lái)自俄亥俄州的JuanitaMengel與治療貓LolaPearl成為伙伴,從中受益。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thegrouphelpshumansandpetsalikebysettingthemupintoteamstoprovide

animalassisted（幫助）ther叩y.（該組織通過(guò)組建團(tuán)隊(duì)提供動(dòng)物輔助治療來(lái)幫助人類和寵物）”可知，Pet

Partners這一組織主要提供動(dòng)物輔助治療。故選A。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“Shesaid,"Therapyanimalsareanimalswho'vebeengaugedwhethertheyare

suitableforassistingsomepeople,andarebasedontheirabilitytomeetnewpeopleandenjoytheprocess.''（她

說(shuō)：“治療動(dòng)物是經(jīng)過(guò)gauged它們是否是適合幫助一些人的動(dòng)物，這是基于它們結(jié)識(shí)新朋友和享受這個(gè)過(guò)

程的能力。"）”可知，基于它們結(jié)識(shí)新朋友和享受這個(gè)過(guò)程的能力，治療動(dòng)物需要被衡量它們是否適合幫

助人，推測(cè)劃線單詞表示“衡量”，與measured同義。故選D。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Mengelwasatravelingnursewhenshewasinacaraccidentthatalmostkilledher.

Oneofherlegscouldnotbesaved.Later,sheconnectedwithafriendinthestateofMissouriwhohadaseverely

injuredkitten.Thecafslegsweretwistedtogether.Ananimalmedicalspecialistworkedtorepairthedamage,but

intheend,theyhadtoremoveoneofthebabycafslegs.ThatkittenwasLolaPearl.（Mengel是一名旅行護(hù)士，她

遭遇了一場(chǎng)差點(diǎn)喪命的車禍。她的一條腿無(wú)法挽救。后來(lái)，她與密蘇里州的一位朋友取得了聯(lián)系，這位朋

友養(yǎng)了一只嚴(yán)重受傷的小貓。貓的腿扭在一起了。一位動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)專家努力修復(fù)損傷，但最終，他們不得不

切除這只小貓的一條腿。那只小貓叫LolaPearl）”可知，JuanitaMengel是通過(guò)密蘇里州的一位朋友認(rèn)識(shí)

LolaPearl的。故選B。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theteamsvisithospitals,nursinghomesandschoolsandassistthoseinneed.（這些

團(tuán)隊(duì)訪問(wèn)醫(yī)院、療養(yǎng)院和學(xué)校，并幫助那些需要幫助的人）”以及第七段"DespitethedifficultiesMengelhas

faced,sheisgratefultoLolaPearlandtheirworkinPetPartners.（盡管Mengel遇至!J了困難，但她還是感謝Lola

Pearl和它們?cè)赑etPartners中的工作）”可知，JuanitaMengel與自己的治療動(dòng)物團(tuán)隊(duì)去幫助那些需要幫助的

人，在自己遇到困難時(shí)仍然感激治療貓和他人所做的工作，可推測(cè)JuanitaMengel是樂(lè)觀且樂(lè)于助人的。

故選Ao

C

RhoughtemperaturerecordsfromDecemberhaveyettobefinalized,climatescientistsattheNationalOceanic

andAtmosphericAdministrationhavefoundthere?samorethan99%chancethat2023willhavethehottestrecorded

globalaveragetemperature,beatingout2016,thepreviousleader.Theyearwillbethehottestin174yearsof

secondkeepingwherehumanshavedirectlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.Ifsalsolikelytobethehottest

inthelast125,000years,whichscientistsmeasurebyrebuildingtemperaturerecordsfromphysicalevidencelike

treeringsandlayersofpolaricethathavegrownovertime.

TherecordbreakingyearcausedfuelclimatedrivendisastersaroundtheglobefromextremeheatthathitArizona

forweekstofloodsinLibyaandrecordhotoceansthatcausedcoraltobleach（變白）offFlorida.

Scientistssaytheextremetemperaturesareinlinewithforecasts（預(yù)測(cè)）forhowtheplanetwillcontinueto

warm.Thebiggestdriveroftheheatisthebuildupofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere（大氣層）fromburning

fossilfuels（化石燃料）.“Weknowwhythisishappening/saysZekeHausfather,climatescientistatBerkeleyEarth,

anonprofitorganizationthatstudiesclimatetrends."Ayearlikethiswouldnothaveoccurredwithoutthetrillion

tonsofcarbonwe'veputintotheatmosphereoverthelastcentury.^^

Evenwiththecharttoppingheatthisyear,nextyearcouldbeequallyashot.AstrongElNinohasalreadybegun,

whereoceantemperatureswarmupintheeasternPacific.ElNinoyearsaretypicallyhotter,becausealargeamount

ofheatthafsstoredintheoceanissenttotheatmosphere.atThere5sabsolutelystilltimetoact,“anexpertsays.

""Everythingwedotochangecoursetodaywillmakethingsbetterinthefuture.

8.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?

A.2016islikelytohavethehottestglobaltemperature.

B.Thetemperaturerecordsof2023havebeenfinished.

C.Humansbegantodirectlymeasureglobaltemperature174yearsago.

D.Treeringsarebadforrecordingtemperature.

9.Whatisthemainreasonfortherecordbreakingheat?

A.Thelackoffossilfuels.B.Theincreaseofgreenhousegases.

C.Coralsbleachedintheocean.D.Driversputtingmuchwasteintotheair.

10.Whycouldthenextyearbeequallyhotaccordingtothetext?

A.ElNinotendstocooldowntheatmosphere.

B.OceanpollutionleadstoawarmingPacific.

C.AstrongElNifiohasbeguninthewesternPacific.

D.Alotofheatstoredintheoceangoesintotheatmosphere.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.2023HasSufferedfromaStrongElNino

B.2023MayBetheHottestYearonRecord

C.ClimatedrivenDisastersInfluenceDailyLife

D.TheOceanPlaysaKeyRoleinCoolingEarth

【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局的氣候科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)2023年有99%以上

的可能性將成為有記錄以來(lái)最熱的一年。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段"Theyearwillbethehottestin174yearsofsecondkeepingwherehumanshave

directlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.（這一年將是人類直接測(cè)量地球溫度的174年來(lái)最熱的一

年.）”可知，人類直接測(cè)量地球溫度已有174年，即174年前，人類開(kāi)始直接測(cè)量全球溫度。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Scientistssaytheextremetemperaturesareinlinewithforecasts（預(yù)測(cè)）forhowthe

planetwillcontinuetowarm.Thebiggestdriveroftheheatisthebuildupofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere

（大氣層）fromburningfossilfuels（化石燃料）.（科學(xué)家表示，極端溫度與地球?qū)⑷绾纬掷m(xù)變暖的預(yù)測(cè)一致。

熱量的最大驅(qū)動(dòng)力是燃燒化石燃料在大氣層中積聚的溫室氣體。）”可知，創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的高溫出現(xiàn)的主要原因是

燃燒化石燃料在大氣中積聚的溫室氣體，即溫室氣體的增加。故選B。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Evenwiththecharttoppingheatthisyear,nextyearcouldbeequallyashot.Astrong

ElNinohasalreadybegun,whereoceantemperatureswarmupintheeasternPacific.ElNinoyearsaretypically

hotter,becausealargeamountofheatthat'sstoredintheoceanissenttotheatmosphere.（即使今年的熱度高居榜

首，明年也可能同樣熱。強(qiáng)烈的厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，東太平洋的海洋溫度上升。厄爾尼諾年通常更

熱，因?yàn)閮?chǔ)存在海洋中的大量熱量被輸送到大氣中。）”可知，推測(cè)明年可能同樣熱是因?yàn)槎驙柲嶂Z現(xiàn)象已

經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，儲(chǔ)存在海洋中的大量熱量會(huì)被輸送到大氣中。故選D。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第~■段“RhoughtemperaturerecordsfromDecemberhaveyettobefinalized,climate

scientistsattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationhavefoundthere'samorethan99%chancethat

2023willhavethehottestrecordedglobalaveragetemperature,beatingout2016,thepreviousleader.Theyearwill

bethehottestin174yearsofsecondkeepingwherehumanshavedirectlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.

（12月的Rhough溫度記錄尚未最終確定，美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局的氣候科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)2023年有99%以

上的可能性將成為有記錄以來(lái)最熱的全球平均溫度，擊敗之前的領(lǐng)先者2016年。這一年將是人類直接測(cè)

量地球溫度的174年來(lái)最熱的一年。）”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局的

氣候科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)2023年有99%以上的可能性將成為有記錄以來(lái)最熱的一年，所以“2023年可能是有記錄

以來(lái)最熱的一年”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

D

SusanRingwoodgreetsallguestswithasimpleinvitation:tojoinherinswimmingincoldwaterinthe

swimmingpool.Herofferisn'tlimitedtothesummermonths,either.RingwoodandherhusbandGaryswimincold

waterintheswimmingpoolallyearround.uTome,ifsnotjustaboutswimming.It'sauniqueexperience,shesays.

Ringwoodsimplycallsherhobby“swimming”,butsomewinterfanshavebeguntopromotecoldwater

swimmingasatreatmenttoavarietyofdiseases.

Whilecoldwaterswimmingisanewfoundpassion,scientistssaythatthere9snotmuchevidencesupportingthe

claimsofthesehealthbenefits.Noristheactivitywithoutrisk.""Extremetemperaturechangescanpotentiallycause

heartattacks,evendeath,“saysFrancoisHaman,ascientistattheUniversityofOttawainCanada.

Whenyourbodymeetscoldwater,itcanbeshocking.Scientistscallthisthe“coldshock“response（反應(yīng)）.

Whenyourskinsensesthefreezingwater,itcausesyoutotakeaquickdeepbreathforairandyourheartratetorise

quicklytoaveryhighlevel,whichleadstoanincreaseinheartrateandbloodpressure.

Hamansaysthatbeingincoldwaterismoredangerousthanincoldair.Waterconductsheatmuchmore

effectivelythanair,meaningthatitcandrawtheheatfromyourbodymorequicklyandefficiently.Forthosenewto

thesport,Hamansuggestsstartingslowly,gettingusedtocolderwaterduringthefall,especiallypayingattentionto

safety.

Accordingtosupporters,coldwaterswimmingcanimprovehealthandimmunity（免疫力），andhelprelieve

pain.Butwhilethereissomepreviousscientificresearchtobackuptheseclaims,DenisBlondin,aprofessoratthe

UniversityofSherbrookeinQuebec,saysthatmanyofthesestudiesincludedonlyasmallnumberofpeopletaking

partinsurveywhoweremainlyyoungmenfromEuropeancountries,whichlimitswhatscientistscansaymore

broadlyandinotherpopulations.

12.WhydoestheauthortellRingwood'sstory?

A.Toattractvisitorstoswimming.B.TocallongueststojoinRingwood.

C.Tostressthebenefitsofswimming.D.Tointroducethetopicofcoldwaterswimming.

13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.The"coldshock“responseisn'tunmon.

B.Swimmingincoldwatercanbeadangerforsomereason.

C.Heartrateandbloodpressuretendtoincreaseinwinter.

D.Somepreparationscanbemadebeforeacoldwaterswim.

14.WhatmightHamanagreewithaccordingtothetext?

A.Thehealthbenefitsofcoldwaterswimmingshouldbeshowed.

B.Extremetemperaturechangesaredangerousbutnotdeadly.

C.Stayingincoldairislessdangerousthanincoldwater.

D.Coldwaterswimmingisn'tsuitableforthosenewtothesport.

15.WhatisBlondin'sattitudetopreviousresearch?

A.Doubtful.B.Uncaring.C.Supportive.D.Uncertain.

【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了冷水游泳及其可能存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段uSusanRingwoodgreetsallguestswithasimpleinvitation:tojoinherinswimmingin

coldwaterintheswimmingpool.（蘇珊?林伍德向所有客人發(fā)出了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的邀請(qǐng)：和她一起在游泳池的冷

水中游泳）”以及第三段“Whilecoldwaterswimmingisanewfoundpassion,scientistssaythatthere5snotmuch

evidencesupportingtheclaimsofthesehealthbenefits.（雖然冷水游泳是一種新發(fā)現(xiàn)的熱情，但科學(xué)家們表

示，沒(méi)有太多證據(jù)支持這些健康益處的說(shuō)法）”可知，作者講述林伍德的故事，是為了引入文章的主題一一

冷水游泳。故選D。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenyourbodymeetscoldwater,itcanbeshocking.Scientistscallthisthe"cold

shock^^response（反應(yīng)）.Whenyourskinsensesthefreezingwater,itcausesyoutotakeaquickdeepbreathforair

andyourheartratetorisequicklytoaveryhighlevel,whichleadstoanincreaseinheartrateandblood

pressure.（當(dāng)你的身體遇到冷水時(shí)，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致休克?？茖W(xué)家稱之為“冷休克”反應(yīng)。當(dāng)你的皮膚感覺(jué)到冰

冷的水時(shí)，它會(huì)讓你快速深呼吸得到空氣，你的心率會(huì)迅速上升到很高的水平，從而導(dǎo)致心率和血壓升

高）”可知，本段主要介紹了冷水中游泳可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致冷休克，心率和血壓升高，出現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)，即由于某些原

因，在冷水中游泳可能會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)。故選B。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段"Hamansaysthatbeingincoldwaterismoredangerousthanincoldair.（哈曼說(shuō)，待

在冷水中比在冷空氣中更危險(xiǎn)）”可知，哈曼認(rèn)為待在冷空氣中比待在冷水中危險(xiǎn)性小。故選C。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Butwhilethereissomepreviousscientificresearchtobackuptheseclaims,Denis

Blondin,aprofessorattheUniversityofSherbrookeinQuebec,saysthatmanyofthesestudiesincludedonlya

smallnumberofpeopletakingpartinsurveywhoweremainlyyoungmenfromEuropeancountries,whichlimits

whatscientistscansaymorebroadlyandinotherpopulations.（但是，盡管之前有一些科學(xué)研究支持這些說(shuō)法，

但魁北克舍布魯克大學(xué)教授DenisBlondin表示，許多這些研究只包括一小部分參與調(diào)查的人，他們主要是

來(lái)自歐洲國(guó)家的年輕男性，這限制了科學(xué)家在更廣泛和其他人群中的說(shuō)法）”可知，DenisBlondin認(rèn)為之前

研究的被調(diào)查對(duì)象有限制，對(duì)其研究結(jié)果持懷疑的態(tài)度。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

BenefitsOfColdWeather

There?snodoubtaboutit_coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.16Soifyou'refeelingdownabout

thecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasonstobehappyaboutthem!

Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreaterclarityof

thought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.17

Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfatcells.

18.Notonlydotheyhelpusstayfortablywarmincoldtemperaturesbuttheymayalsoevenpromote

weightlossovertime.

19Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight'srest.Asourbodies

trytokeepwarmwhenit'scoldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamore

relaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthan

thosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.

Itimprovesskinhealth.20Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingto

protectionagainstenvironmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.

Allinall,therearemanybenefitstospendingtimeoutsideincoldweather!Nexttimeyouwanttostayinside

andavoidthecold,keepthesebenefitsinmindandconsidergettingoutsideforafewminutes!

A.Ithelpsyousleep.

B.Itraiseshealthawareness.

C.Thus,thecentralnervoussystemcanperformatincreasedlevels.

D.Coldweatherexposureisahelpfulcontributiontoourwellbeing.

E.Theyareimportantforcontrollingbodytemperaturebyproducingheat.

F.Coldweathercanbegoodforkeepingourskinlookingandfeelinghealthy.

G.Whileitmakesuswanttostayindoors,coldweatherhassomemajorbenefits.

【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了寒冷天氣的一些好處。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“There'snodoubtaboutit_coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.（毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),寒冷的天氣會(huì)讓人很

不舒月艮。）”以及后文aSoifyou'refeelingdownaboutthecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasons

tobehappyaboutthem!（所以，如果你對(duì)外面的寒冷天氣感到沮喪，那就往下讀，看看有什么理由讓你開(kāi)心

起來(lái)吧?。笨芍?，后文提到了寒冷的天氣也有理由開(kāi)心，說(shuō)明寒冷的天氣也有好處。故G選項(xiàng)“雖然它

使我們想呆在室內(nèi)，但寒冷的天氣也有一些主要的好處”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreater

clarityofthought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.（它能增強(qiáng)你的大腦。低溫可以刺激你的

大腦，讓你的注意力更集中，思維更清晰。寒冷的氣候增加了大腦的氧氣流量。）”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成

因果關(guān)系，指出寒冷的氣候增加了大腦的氧氣流量所帶來(lái)的積極影響。故C選項(xiàng)“因此，中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)可

以在更高的水平上工作?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfat

cells.（它增加棕色脂肪的含量。寒冷的天氣有增加棕色脂肪細(xì)胞數(shù)量的獨(dú)特能力。）”以及后文“Notonly

dotheyhelpusstayfortablywarmincoldtemperatures,buttheymayalsoevenpromoteweightlossovertime.（Ts

們不僅能幫助我們?cè)诤涞奶鞖饫锉３质孢m溫暖，而且隨著時(shí)間的推移，它們甚至還能促進(jìn)減肥。）”可

知，本句承接上文，解釋棕色脂肪細(xì)胞的作用，E選項(xiàng)中They指代上文brownfatcells。故E選項(xiàng)“它們

通過(guò)產(chǎn)生熱量對(duì)控制體溫很重要。”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight?srest.Asourbodies

trytokeepwarmwhenifs"coldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamore

relaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthan

thosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.（在寒冷的天氣里，穩(wěn)定的體溫有助于晚上睡個(gè)好覺(jué)。當(dāng)外面很冷的時(shí)

候，我們的身體會(huì)試圖保持溫暖，血管會(huì)變窄，幫助控制你的睡眠溫度，從而獲得更放松、更安寧的睡

眠。睡在寒冷環(huán)境中的人醒來(lái)時(shí)通常比睡在溫暖環(huán)境中的人更神清氣爽。）”可知，本段的主旨是寒冷的天

氣有助于睡眠。故A選項(xiàng)“它有助于睡眠?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選A。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingtoprotectionagainst

environmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.（低溫迫使我們穿上暖和的衣服來(lái)抵御

寒冷，從而保護(hù)我們免受環(huán)境因素的影響，否則會(huì)使皮膚失去水分。）”可知，后文提到低溫會(huì)避免皮膚失

去水分，即寒冷天氣對(duì)皮膚有好處。故F選項(xiàng)“寒冷的天氣可以使我們的皮膚看起來(lái)和感覺(jué)健康。”符合

語(yǔ)境，故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalforChinese.Thisyear,Idecidedtoparticipateinallthe

activitiesorganizedfor21studentstocelebratetheSpringFestival.

Thepreparationbeganamonthago,22ourroomswithSpringFestivalcouplets（對(duì)聯(lián)）andNewYear

paintings.Laterwe23anactivitytowriteSpringFestivalcouplets.WhenIsawmyteacherbringaspecial

kindofpen,Ibecame24toknowwhatitwascalled.Inaddition,weweregoingtouseabrushto

25Chinesecharactersonredpaper.Besides,therewasanother26thingcalledink.After

27thetoolsneededforSpringFestivalcouplets,westartedour28journey.Theteachertaughtus

howtoholdawritingbrush.Itriedtoholdit,29itintheink,andstartwritingcarefully,butthe

30ofthepenwastoosoftandIcouldn't31itatall.IwasdisappointedbutIdidnotgive

up.Icarefullystudiedtheteacher5s32.Afterseveral