2023-2024學(xué)年浙江省寧波市高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語試題(解析版)

高中名校英語試卷PAGEPAGE2浙江省寧波市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將〖答案〗標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的〖答案〗轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話．每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital. B.Inafactory. C.Inahotel.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Excuseme,madam.Visitorsarenotallowedhere.Thisistheoperatingroom.W:I’msorry.Imusthavegotofftheliftonthewrongfloor.M:Youcangotothethirdfloorifyouwanttoseethepatients.2.Whenwillthespeakersarriveattheairportprobably?A.At3:30. B.At4:30. C.At5:30.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:It’salready2:30.Shouldwesetofffortheairportnow?W:Theplanewon’ttakeofftill5:30.Theairportisonlyaone-hourdrivefromhere,solet’ssetoffat3:30.3.Whatsuggestiondoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Avoidingworkingatnight. B.GettingallthepartsfromJapan. C.Buyinganewwashingmachine.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Mywashingmachineismorethan10yearsoldandithasworkedjustfineuntillastnight.W:You’llneverbeabletogetpartsforit,evenfromJapan.Soitmightbetimetoinvestinamorerecentmodel.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.HowtogettoNewYork. B.Howtoenterforacourse. C.Howtogetadrivinglicence.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:IneedtogetmydrivinglicensebeforenextsummerforthattriptoNewYork.W:There’sacrashcoursemydrivingschooloffers.Youcandoyourtheorytestonthecomputer,haveaclasseverydayfortwoorthreeweeksandtakeyourtestattheend.5.Whatkeptthewomanawakelastnight?A.Theheat. B.Therepairsofthepower. C.Thestorm.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:I’msotiredtoday.Mypowerwentoutlastnightduringthestorm,andIcouldn’tfigureouthowtofixit.M:Thatseemslikeanannoyingtask.Didyoustayuptryingtofindoutwhattheproblemwas?W:No.Itwasjusttoohottosleepafterthat.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tocanceltheirplan. B.Tomakeaninvitation. C.Toaskforinformation.7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodothisevening?A.Seeabandshow. B.Buyticketsonline. C.Accompanyhisparents.〖答案〗6.B7.B〖解析〗W:Hi,Mike.Doyouhaveanyplansfortheweekend?IhaveanextraticketfortheDawsonTrio’sliveperformanceatCapitalStadium.Wouldyouliketojoinme?M:Idon’tknowifIcan.Myparentsarecomingtotownthisweekend,soIneedtospendtimewiththem.W:Well,iftheylikejazz,theymightenjoytheshowaswell.Whydon’tyougototheband’swebsiteandseeiftherearemoreticketsavailable?Theirshowsoftensellout,butyoumightbelucky.M:Allright,I’lldothatthisevening.Thanksfortheinformation.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Howisthehouseusuallyheated?A.Bycoal. B.Byelectricity. C.Bywood.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Makeaphonecall. B.Buyaheater. C.Cooksupper.〖答案〗8.A9.C〖解析〗W:Whyisitsocoldinthishouse,Dad?M:Weweresupposedtogetsomecoalforthefire,butithasn’tarrivedyet.W:Well,weneedit.Can’tweburnsomewood?M:No,wedidn’thaveany.YoucouldusethelittleelectricheaterIboughtlastweek.I’llphonethecoaldealernowandaskwhatishappening.W:OK.IthinkI’llstarttomakedinnernow.Wemightfeelwarmerifweeatsomefood.M:Yes,Ithinkthatisagoodidea.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Colleagues. C.Husbandandwife.11.Whatdidthemandothisafternoon?A.Hedidhiswork.B.Hefixedhiscomputer.C.Hetooksomeexercise.12.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Stopplayingamusicalinstrument.B.Gooutsomewhere.C.Helpherwiththepaper.13.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman’srequest?A.Embarrassed. B.Astonished. C.Angry.〖答案〗10.A11.C12.A13.B〖解析〗W:Haveyoufinishedwork?M:Actually,Ihavefinishedatlunchtimetodaybecausethey’rereplacingourcomputers.SoIwasatthegymthisafternoon.W:Areyougoingouttonight?M:No,Idon’tthinkso.Why?Areyouinvitingmesomewhere?W:Oh,no.Ihavelotsofworktodo.I’veactuallyspentalldaytryingtowriteahistorypaper.Ihavetohanditintomorrow.M:Well,sorry,Ican’thelpyouwiththat.IneverenjoyedstudyinghistoryatschoolandIwasn’tverygoodatiteither.W:Idon’tneedanyhelpwiththeessay.Butyoucanhelpmebynotplayingyourpiano.I’msorry.Ijustcan’tstanditanymore.I’velivedheresinceJuneandyou’veplayedthepianoeverynight.M:ButIthoughtyoulikedit.I’velivedherefortwoyears.Nobody’severcomplainedbeforesoI’mreallysurprised.Youshouldhavetoldmeearlier.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.What’stheconversationmainlyabout?A.Fightingfire. B.Detectingfire. C.Preventingfire.15.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A.Australialost4%ofitstrees.B.ThesystemisusedinAmerica.C.Thesystemwilluseheatcameras.16.Whatsizeoffirecanthenewsystemdiscover?A.Thesizeofacar. B.Thesizeofaplane. C.Thesizeofafootballfield.17.Whatisthewoman’sconcernbesidestrees?A.Protectinghumans. B.Purifyingtheair. C.Savinganimals.〖答案〗14.B15.C16.A17.C〖解析〗W:We’redevelopinganewtechnologythatcandetectforestfiresassoonastheystart.M:Thatsoundsamazing.Givenhowmanyfirestherehavebeenrecently,it’ssomethingtheworldextremelyneeds.W:Indeed.In2020alone,Californiahadover8,000fires,losingroughly4%ofthestate’strees.M:Thatistrulysurprising.W:Yes.TheotherplacewhereitwillbeusefulisAustralia.Atthestartoftheyear,therewere50separateforestfiresburningacrossthecountry.M:Sohowwillyournewdetectionsystemwork?W:We’regoingtouseanewrangeofsatelliteswhichhaveheatcameras.M:Don’tothersatelliteshavethose?W:Yes,butnoneissoadvanced.Theycandetectafirethesizeofafootballfield.Thenewsystemcansenseafirethesizeofacar.M:Andwillthatbeenoughofadifferencetostopthefirefromspreading?W:Webelieveso.Hopefullyitwillgivefirefightersenoughtimetostopitbeforeitgetstoobig.Iftheygettheplaneupintime,theywillputoutthefirequickly.M:Ifitworks,Ireallyhopeyougetrecognitionforit.W:Ijustwanttotryandstoptreesfromburning,andmoreimportantly,protectthepooranimalsthatliveinthem.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Teachingaclass. B.Reportingastudy. C.Chairingameeting.19.Whatisthemostimportantpartoftakingnotes?A.Reading. B.Listening. C.Writing.20.Whatisoneoftheadvantagesofusingsymbols?A.Itkeepsinformationsecret. B.Itleavesspaceforfutureuse. C.Itmakeskeywordsnoticeable.〖答案〗18.A19.B20.C〖解析〗W:Today,let’sbeginwithnote-takingtechniques.Note-takingisanimportantskillnotonlyfortakingclasses,butalsofordoingyourjobinthefuture.I’dliketodrawyourattentiontocertainpointsabouttakingnotes.First,rememberthatnote-takingshouldbe75%listeningandonly25%writing.Sodon’ttrytowritedowneverysinglewordtheteachersays.Ignorewhatisunimportantandwriteinphrasesnotcompletesentences.Second,leavespacesandlinesbetweenmainideas.Youmaywanttoaddsomeinformationlater.Ifindthatsomeofyouaregoodatmakinguseofcolor,mappingwebandsymbolssuchasarrows,circlesandboxes.Ihighlyrecommendthesetoolstoallofyou,becausetheuseofthemmakestheoutlinemoreeasilyreadableandinterestingthantheblocksoftext.Italsomakessurethatimportantwordsstandout.Herearesomeexamples…第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳〖答案〗。ABritishcinemaboastsarichdiversityoffilmsthatweaveappealingnarrativeswithstunninglandscapesandfascinatingcharacters.ThesefilmscelebratethediversebeautyandculturalheritageofBritain.LocalHeroLocalHerodigsintotheconflictbetweenagiantUSoilcompanyandaremoteScottishvillagewhentheformerplanstobuildarefinery.However,theexceptionallybeautifullandscapesandthefirmattitudeofthevillagersswaythecompany’sdecision.Thestoryhasbeenalastingappealtoaudiences,evenafteroverfourdecades.KesBritishdirectorKenLoach’sfirsttriumph,Kes,describesthetouchingnarrativeofayoungYorkshireboytakingthejourneyofcapturingandtraininganeagle.ThefilmoffersararedescriptionofYorkshire,filledwithatenderlensthatcelebratesitsessence.TheDigThedelightfulcountiessurroundingLondonarevividlydepictedinTheDig,setagainstthepeacefulcountrysideofSuffolkbeforeWorldWarⅡ.RalphFiennes,afamousactor,playstheroleofaself-taughtarchaeologistunearthingthemysteriesofanAnglo-Saxongraveyard,addingtoitsfun.CalvaryIrishdirectorMichaelMcDonagh’sfilmssetinIrelandareundoubtedlyattractive,oftenintegratingIreland’spicturesquesceneryintothestory.Amongthese,Calvary,standsout.Itrecordsthedifficultandtiringjourneyofamoralpriest,dealingwiththeevilforceswithinhisarea.21.Whichofthefollowingfilmswillappealtocurioushistorylovers?A.TheDig. B.LocalHero. C.Kes. D.Calvary.22.WhatisthesettingofthefilmLocalHero?A.AYorkshirevillage. B.AremoteScottishvillage.C.ThecountrysideofSuffolk. D.TheAnglo-Saxongraveyard.23.WhatisthethemeoftheBritishfilmsmentionedinthetext?A.ThemoraldilemmaofanIrishpriest.B.ThenationalandculturalheritageofBritain.C.ThebeautyanddiversityofBritishlandscapesandcharacters.D.TheadventuresofYorkshireboyscapturingandtrainingeagles.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四部英國電影?！即鸢浮?1.A22.B23.C【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheDig部分中“ThedelightfulcountiessurroundingLondonarevividlydepictedinTheDig,setagainstthepeacefulcountrysideofSuffolkbeforeWorldWarⅡ.RalphFiennes,afamousactor,playstheroleofaself-taughtarchaeologistunearthingthemysteriesofanAnglo-Saxongraveyard,addingtoitsfun.(《TheDig》生動地描繪了倫敦周圍宜人的鄉(xiāng)村，背景是二戰(zhàn)前薩?？丝さ膶庫o鄉(xiāng)村。著名演員拉爾夫·費因斯飾演一位自學(xué)成才的考古學(xué)家，發(fā)掘盎格魯-撒克遜人墓地的奧秘，為影片增添了樂趣)”可知，TheDig會吸引好奇的歷史愛好者。故選A?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LocalHero部分中“LocalHerodigsintotheconflictbetweenagiantUSoilcompanyandaremoteScottishvillagewhentheformerplanstobuildarefinery.(《LocalHero》深入探討了一家美國巨型石油公司和一個偏遠(yuǎn)的蘇格蘭村莊之間的沖突，前者計劃建造一座煉油廠)”可知，電影《LocalHero》的背景是一個偏僻的蘇格蘭村莊。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Britishcinemaboastsarichdiversityoffilmsthatweaveappealingnarrativeswithstunninglandscapesandfascinatingcharacters.ThesefilmscelebratethediversebeautyandculturalheritageofBritain.(英國電影擁有豐富多樣的電影，這些電影用令人驚嘆的風(fēng)景和迷人的人物編織出吸引人的敘事。這些電影頌揚了英國多樣的美景和文化遺產(chǎn))”可知，文章提到的英國電影的主題是英國風(fēng)景和人物的美麗和多樣性。故選C。BThedayImetHaniIrmawati,shestoodaloneintheparkinglotoftheInternationalschool,ashyseventeen-year-oldinwornclothing.Despitetheschool’spolicyagainstIndonesianstudents,sheapproachedme,beggingtoimproveherEnglish.WhenIinquiredabouthermotivation,expectingalocaljobsearch,shequietlyexpressedherdreamofattendinganAmericanuniversity.Movedbyherdetermination,Ivolunteeredtohelpherafterschool.Eachday,Haniwokeatdawn,studyingonthebustoherpublichighschool,thenjoiningmeintheafternoon,exhaustedbuteagertolearn.Despiteherstruggleswithcollege-levelEnglish,herperseveranceamazedme.Hani’sfamilylivedmodestly,herparentsworkingasacustodianandamaid.Theirincomecouldn’tsupportherAmericanuniversityaspirations,dampeningmyinitialoptimism.InDecember1998,ascholarshipopportunityarose,butuponreviewingtherequirements,Idespaired.Hanilackedtheextracurricularexperienceandstandardizedtestscorestypicalofapplicants.Despitemydiscouragement,sheremainedresolute,askingmetosubmitherapplication.Unabletorefuse,Icompletedtheapplication,highlightinghercourageandperseverance.Iwarnedherofslimacceptanceodds,butsheremainedsteadfast.Inthefollowingweeks,HaniintensifiedherEnglishstudies,andIarrangedforhertotaketheTestofEnglishFluency.Thecomputerizedtestposedasignificantchallengeforher.Justbeforedepartingforthetest,shereceivedaletterfromthescholarshipassociation.Ibeganreadingtheletterwithher,onlytodiscovershe’dbeenaccepted.Overjoyed,IcelebratedwhileHanistoodquietly,perhapsbewilderedbymyshock.Inthatmoment,IrealizedwhatHanihadknownallalong:successrequiresnotjustintelligence,butalsothedrivetopersevereandthecouragetobelieveinoneself.24.WhatmotivatedHanitoimproveherEnglish?A.Pressurefromfamilymembers. B.Curiosityaboutforeignlanguages.C.Jobprospectsinthelocalcommunity. D.AmbitionofenteringanAmericanuniversity.25.WhatcanweinferaboutthedifficultiesthatHanihad?A.Hani’sparentswereunsupportiveofherdream.B.Haniwasuninterestedinextracurricularactivities.C.Hani’sapplicationformwasnotsubmittedontime.D.Haniwasnotacademicallyqualifiedforthescholarship.26.HowdidtheauthorlikelyfeelupondiscoveringHani’sacceptancetothescholarship?A.Surprisedandproud. B.Relievedbutenvious.C.Touchedandhonored. D.Shockedbutconcerned.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FromShynesstoSuccess B.AScholar’sJourneyC.ThePowerofPerseverance D.Hani’sUnrealisticDream【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了17歲女孩HaniIrmawati為了自己上大學(xué)的夢想，努力學(xué)習(xí)英語，最終獲得了獎學(xué)金被大學(xué)錄取的故事?！即鸢浮?4.D25.D26.A27.C【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIinquiredabouthermotivation,expectingalocaljobsearch,shequietlyexpressedherdreamofattendinganAmericanuniversity.(當(dāng)我詢問她的動機(jī)時，她希望在當(dāng)?shù)卣夜ぷ?，她平靜地表達(dá)了她上美國大學(xué)的夢想)”可知，進(jìn)入美國大學(xué)這一抱負(fù)促使哈尼提高她的英語水平。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Hanilackedtheextracurricularexperienceandstandardizedtestscorestypicalofapplicants.(哈尼缺乏申請者典型的課外經(jīng)驗和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試成績)”可知，哈尼在學(xué)術(shù)上不符合獲得獎學(xué)金的條件。故選D?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Overjoyed,IcelebratedwhileHanistoodquietly,perhapsbewilderedbymyshock.Inthatmoment,IrealizedwhatHanihadknownallalong:successrequiresnotjustintelligence,butalsothedrivetopersevereandthecouragetobelieveinoneself.(我喜出望外地慶祝，而哈尼靜靜地站在那里，也許被我的震驚弄糊涂了。在那一刻，我意識到哈尼一直都知道的事情：成功不僅需要智慧，還需要堅持不懈的動力和相信自己的勇氣)”可知，當(dāng)作者得知哈尼獲得獎學(xué)金時，他感到驚訝和自豪。故選A。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Overjoyed,IcelebratedwhileHanistoodquietly,perhapsbewilderedbymyshock.Inthatmoment,IrealizedwhatHanihadknownallalong:successrequiresnotjustintelligence,butalsothedrivetopersevereandthecouragetobelieveinoneself.(我喜出望外地慶祝，而哈尼靜靜地站在那里，也許被我的震驚弄糊涂了。在那一刻，我意識到哈尼一直都知道的事情：成功不僅需要智慧，還需要堅持不懈的動力和相信自己的勇氣)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了17歲女孩HaniIrmawati為了自己上大學(xué)的夢想，努力學(xué)習(xí)英語，最終獲得了獎學(xué)金被大學(xué)錄取的故事?？芍?，C選項“毅力的力量”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。CLaughtercomesinmanyforms,fromapolitechuckletoaninfectioushowlofamusement.ScientistsarenowdevelopinganAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughteraccurately.Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.Dr.KojiInoue,leadauthoroftheresearchfromKyotoUniversity,highlightsempathy(共情)asacrucialaspectofconversationalAI,suggestinglaughtersharingasameansforrobotstoconnectwithusers.Toachievethis,Inoueandhisteamgathereddatafromover80speed-datingdialoguesbetweenmalestudentsandErica,initiallyoperatedbyamateuractors.Dialoguedatalabeledforindividual,social,andjoyfullaughterwasusedtotrainanAIsystemtoidentifyandproducefittinglaughterresponses.Basedontheaudiofiles,thealgorithm(算法)learnedtheirsubtledifferences,aimingtoimitatesociallaughssubtlyandheartylaughsempathetically.“Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,”explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.Erica’s“senseofhumor”wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn’tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercouldimbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.However,Inoueacknowledgeditcouldtakeover20yearstohavea“casualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”ProfessorSandraWachter,oftheOxfordInternetInstituteattheUniversityofOxford,said,“OneofthethingsI’dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn’tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat’sgoingon.”28.WhydoscientistsdeveloptheAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughter?A.Tomakerobotssoundmorehuman-like.B.Tohelprobotsunderstandhumanemotionsbetter.C.Toenablerobotstohaveasenseofhumorlikehumans.D.ToenhancetheemotionalinteractionbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.29.WhatwasthechallengeInouefacedwhileworkingonthisproject?A.Creatinganalgorithmthatcangenuinelyfeelamusement.B.Identifyingthesituationswherelaughteristrulyunderstood.C.Distinguishingbetweendifferenttypesoflaughteraccurately.D.Collectingsufficientdatafortrainingthemachinelearningsystem.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imbue”meaninParagraph5?A.Equip. B.Inspire. C.Engage. D.Influence.31.WhatisProfessorSandraWachter’sviewonlaughingrobots?A.Theyarenotcapableofcapturinghumanlaughter.B.Theycanimitatelaughterbutlackthoroughcomprehension.C.Itispossibleforthemtoplaytricksonhumansoccasionally.D.Itwilltakelongbeforehumanshavecomfortableconversationswiththem.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹科學(xué)家正在研究的一款可以笑的機(jī)器人。〖答案〗28.D29.B30.A31.B【28題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.(大笑機(jī)器人背后的團(tuán)隊Erica表示，該系統(tǒng)可以改善人與人工智能系統(tǒng)之間的自然對話。)”可知，科學(xué)家開發(fā)了一種可以復(fù)制各種笑聲的人工智能系統(tǒng)，以增強(qiáng)人與人工智能系統(tǒng)之間的情感互動。故選D項。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“‘Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,’explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.(Inoue解釋道：“我們在這項工作中最大的挑戰(zhàn)是識別共同大笑的實際案例?！彼麖?qiáng)調(diào)了仔細(xì)分類的必要性。)”以及“Erica’s‘senseofhumor’wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn’tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.(Erica的‘幽默感’通過四個對話進(jìn)行了測試，整合了新的共享笑聲算法。將這些與Erica在檢測到笑聲時不笑或發(fā)出社交笑聲的情況進(jìn)行了比較。)”可知，Inoue在這個項目中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是確定笑聲的情況是否真正理解。故選B項?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。由文章第五段“Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercould

imbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.

(這些片段被播放給了130名志愿者，他們對共享笑聲算法的同理心和自然度給予了高度評價。研究小組認(rèn)為，笑聲可以imbue機(jī)器人獨特的性格特征，包括大笑、眼神凝視、手勢和說話風(fēng)格等對話行為。)”可推測，這里表示笑聲可以賦予機(jī)器人獨特的性格特征，所以猜測imbue表“使……具備”的意思。故選A項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“OneofthethingsI’dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn’tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat’sgoingon.(我要記住的一件事是，機(jī)器人或算法永遠(yuǎn)無法理解你。它不理解笑的含義。他們沒有感覺，但他們可能會非常善于讓你相信他們了解發(fā)生了什么。)”可知，SandraWachter認(rèn)為會笑的機(jī)器人可以模仿笑聲，但缺乏全面的理解能力。故選B項。DInaworldofmusicstreamingservices,accesstoalmostanysongisjustafewclicksaway.Yet,theliveperformanceliveson.Peoplestillfillsweatybasements,muddyfieldsandgildedconcerthallstoheartheirfavouritemusiciansplay.Andnowneuroscientistsmightknowwhy—livemusicengagesthebrain’semotioncentresmorethanitsrecordedcounterpart.Concertsareimmersive(沉浸式的)socialexperiencesinwhichpeoplelistentoandfeelthemusictogetherthroughcrescendos,keychangesandrhythmicdrops.Moreover,theyaredynamic—artistscanadapttheirplayingaccordingtothecrowd’sreaction.Itwasthislastdifferencethatledneuroscientists,basedattheUniversitiesofZurichandOslo,tostudythebrainresponsesofpeoplelisteningtomusic.Inthe“l(fā)ive”experiment,participantslayinanMRIscannerlisteningtothemusicthroughearphones,whileapianistwaspositionedoutsidetheroom.Thepianistwasshowntheparticipant’sreal-timebrainactivityasaformoffeedback.Intherecordedcondition,participantslistenedtopre-recordedversionsofthesametunes.Thescientistswereinterestedinhowlivemusicaffectedtheareasofthebrainresponsibleforprocessingemotions,particularlytheamygdala,anareadeepinsidethebrain.Theresults,justpublishedinthejournalPNAS,revealedthatlivemusichadasignificantlygreateremotionalimpact.Whetherthemusicconveyedhappinessorsadness,dynamicliveperformancesledtoincreasedactivitynotonlyintheamygdalabutalsootherpartsofthebrain’semotionprocessingnetwork.Theresearchersalsofoundthatparticipants’brainactivitytrackedtheacoustic(聲學(xué)的)featuresofthemusic,liketempoandpitch,farmorecloselywhenitwasplayedlive.Whilethestudydidn’tfullyrecreatetheliveconcertexperience,thefindingssuggestthatartists’abilitytoadjusttheirperformanceinrealtimecontributestotheemotionalresonance(共鳴)oflivemusic.Somemusicalactsnowattempttorecreateliveconcerts,suchasABBAVoyage,animmersivepre-recordedVRconcert,butwithoutartists’capacitytoreadaudience’smoodandrespondaccordingly,itwillneverquitematchtherealthing.32.Whydopeopleattendliveshowsdespitemusicstreamingservices?A.Becausetheypreferbeingwithfriendsataconcert.B.Becausetheyenjoytheprocessoffindingpopularmusic.C.Becausetheyintendtomeettheirfavoritemusiciansinperson.D.Becausetheyvaluetheemotionalconnectionlivemusicbrings.33.Theroleofthepianistplayinthe“l(fā)ive”experimentisto_______.A.observetheparticipants’brainactivityasfeedbackB.comparetheeffectivenessofliveperformancesandrecordedonesC.provideliveaccompanimenttoparticipantsinsidetheMRIscannerD.demonstratetheirabilitytoreadandrespondtotheaudience’smood34.WhatdidthestudypublishedinPNASfindabouttheimpactoflivemusiconthebrain?A.Livemusicaffectedonlytheamygdalaofthebrain.B.Thebrainrespondedmoreintenselytoacousticfeaturesoflivemusic.C.Livemusichadareducedemotionalimpactcomparedtorecordedmusic.D.Theparticipants’brainactivitywasespeciallysensitivetodynamicmusic.35.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioningABBAVoyageinthelastparagraph?A.Itfailstocreateaperfectperformingatmosphere.B.Itmatchesthesoundqualityofliveperformances.C.Itgreatlystirsuptheaudience’semotionalresponse.D.Itlacksartists’responsebasedonaudience’sfeedback.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了盡管有音樂流媒體服務(wù)，人們還參加現(xiàn)場演出，因為他們重視現(xiàn)場音樂帶來的情感聯(lián)系。文章介紹了與之有關(guān)的研究和研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！即鸢浮?2.D33.C34.B35.D【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplestillfillsweatybasements,muddyfieldsandgildedconcerthallstoheartheirfavouritemusiciansplay.Andnowneuroscientistsmightknowwhy—livemusicengagesthebrain’semotioncentresmorethanitsrecordedcounterpart.(人們?nèi)匀粩D在悶熱的地下室、泥濘的田野和鍍金的音樂廳里聽他們最喜歡的音樂家演奏?，F(xiàn)在神經(jīng)科學(xué)家可能知道了原因——現(xiàn)場音樂比錄音音樂更能調(diào)動大腦的情緒中樞)”可知，盡管有音樂流媒體服務(wù)，人們還參加現(xiàn)場演出是因為他們重視現(xiàn)場音樂帶來的情感聯(lián)系。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthe“l(fā)ive”experiment,participantslayinanMRIscannerlisteningtothemusicthroughearphones,whileapianistwaspositionedoutsidetheroom.Thepianistwasshowntheparticipant’sreal-timebrainactivityasaformoffeedback.Intherecordedcondition,participantslistenedtopre-recordedversionsofthesametunes.(在“現(xiàn)場”實驗中，參與者躺在核磁共振掃描儀中，戴著耳機(jī)聽音樂，而鋼琴家則被安排在房間外面。作為一種反饋，鋼琴家被展示了參與者的實時大腦活動。在錄音條件下，參與者聽預(yù)先錄制的相同曲調(diào))”可知，鋼琴家在“現(xiàn)場”實驗中扮演的角色是為MRI掃描儀內(nèi)的參與者提供現(xiàn)場伴奏。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theresults,justpublishedinthejournalPNAS,revealedthatlivemusichadasignificantlygreateremotionalimpact.(剛剛發(fā)表在《美國科學(xué)院院刊》上的研究結(jié)果顯示，現(xiàn)場音樂對情緒的影響要大得多)”可知，關(guān)于現(xiàn)場音樂對大腦的影響，發(fā)表在PNAS上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦對現(xiàn)場音樂的聲學(xué)特征反應(yīng)更強(qiáng)烈。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Somemusicalactsnowattempttorecreateliveconcerts,suchasABBAVoyage,animmersivepre-recordedVRconcert,butwithoutartists’capacitytoreadaudience’smoodandrespondaccordingly,itwillneverquitematchtherealthing.(現(xiàn)在，一些音樂表演試圖重現(xiàn)現(xiàn)場音樂會，比如ABBAVoyage，這是一場身臨其境的預(yù)先錄制的VR音樂會，但如果藝術(shù)家沒有能力讀懂觀眾的情緒并做出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)，它就永遠(yuǎn)無法與真實的音樂會媲美)”可知，作者在最后一段提到ABBAVoyage意思是缺乏藝術(shù)家基于觀眾反饋的回應(yīng)。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項.Thesolutiontoanydespairmightbehope,expertssay.It’sbelievinginabrighterfutureandactingtowardsit.____36____Herearestrategiesthatcanhelpcultivatehope.AsHellman,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatSuffolkUniversityinBoston,pointsout,“Hopebegetshope,andithassuchasignificantprotectivefactor.”____37____Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat’smeaningful,Hellmanadvises.Inotherwords,itshouldn’tbesomethingyouhavetodobutsomethingyouwanttodo.“Goalscanbeanythingthat’simportanttous,”hesays.Brainstormsolutions.Ifyou’vesetagoalthat’smeaningfultoyou,butyoucan’tfigureoutawaytoachieveit,you’llprobablyfeelprettyhopeless.Peoplewhoarehighinhope,meanwhile,tendtogeneratelotsofways.____38____Ifyou’restrugglingtomakeaplan,Hellmansuggestssittingdownwithapenandpaperandgivingyourselfanhourtobrainstormsolutions.Seekoutsuccessstories.It’ssaidthatpeoplecultivatehopebyseekingsupportfromtheirparentsandspecificteachers.Buttheyalsogotalotoutoflearningaboutotherpeoplewhohavedonewellforthemselves.Hellmansays,“____39____”Tapintoyourimagination.Hellmanthinksofimaginationas“theinstrumentofhope”.Let’ssayyousetagoalfortheweek.Spendafewminutesreflectingonortalkingaboutwhatwouldhappenifyouachievedit.“Howdoesitimpactyou,orhowwoulditbenefitothers?”hesays.“____40____Andwhenyoucanseeyourselfinthefuture,thatistheveryessenceofhope.”A.Dosomethingmeaningful.B.Itcanbetaughtandnurtured.C.Thinkinagoal-orientedway.D.Withthesegoodexamples,peopleareboundtobesuccessful.E.So,ifonedoesn’tworkout,theyhaveanalternativeattheready.F.Byseeingotherpeoplesucceed,theyfeelliketheycouldsucceed.G.YouandIhavethisw