四川省瀘縣2023-2024學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期10月月考試題含解析

2023年秋期高二第一學(xué)月考試

英語試題

本試卷共8頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考號(hào)等信息2.請(qǐng)將答案正確填寫在答題卡上

第I卷（選擇題95分）

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、

B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。

每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whycouldn'tthewomanhearthemanclearly?

A.Themanwaseating.B.Themanwasintheshower.C.Thewomanhasbadhearing.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Sorry,couldyourepeatwhatyousaid?Ididn'thearyouveryclearly.Didyousay

youarecomingoverinanhour?

M:No,IsaidIjustgotoutoftheshower.Sorry,Iwasjustchewingonsomething.

2.［此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatdidthewomanforget?

A.Hergloves.B.Herscarf.C.Hercoat.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:It'ssocoldtoday.IrememberedtowearmycoatbutIreallyshouldhaveputona

scarf.

M:Yes,it'sfreezing,butatleastyouhaveyourgloveswithyou.Idon'thaveapair.Ishould

getsome.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?

A.Getsomepaint.B.Haveacupoftea.C.Paintthehouse.

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【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Howabouthavingacupofteabeforewepaintthehouse?msotired.

M:Well,that,sjustwhatIwasthinking.

4.［此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看］

HowdidJohndointheexam?

A.Hefailedintheexam.B.Hegotthehighestmark.C.Hedidworsethanlasttime.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:What'stheresultoftheexam?I'msureJohnhasgotthehighestmark,becausehe

hasbeenstudyinghardthisterm.

W:Asamatteroffacthedidn'tpasstheexamthistime.

M:Really?Ididn'texpectthat.

W:Ididn'teither.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatdidthemandolastnight?

A.Hewatchedaplay.B.Hedidsomeshopping.C.Herelaxedathome.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Didyougotothetheaterlastnight?

M:Yes,Idid.

W:Whatdidyouthinkoftheplay?

M:Itwasexcellent.

第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題15分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間,

每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friends.B.Motherandson.C.Strangers.

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7.Whydidbakersputanextrapieceofbreadinabaginthepast?

A.Therewasmorespaceinthebag.

B.Theywantedtomakethecustomershappy.

C.Theywereafraidtobepunishedforgivingtoolittle.

【答案】6.A7.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Howmanyeggscomeinadozen?

M:Adozenis12.

W:Really?Ithoughtitwas13butthinkingaboutitnow,itwouldn,tmakesenseforthebox

tohaveanunevennumberofspaces.

M:Thereissomethingcalledabaker,sdozen.Alongtimeago,givingasmalleramountofbread

thanapersonpaidforwasillegal.Sothenbakersbegantoputoneextrapieceintheirbags

sotheywouldnotbefined.

W:Wow!Thatisinteresting!Howdoyouknowsomuchaboutoldbakers?

M:Mygrandfatherownedabakery.Hemadebreadallthetime!Itwassodelicious.

W:Thatdoessounddelicious.Doyouknowhowtobakebread?

M:No,IwishIhadlearnedproperly.Mygrandfathertriedtoshowmeonce,butIwastooyoung

tounderstand.

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

8.WhywasJanelateforschool?

A.Shemissedthesubway.B.Shelefthomealittlelate.C.Shegotuplate.

9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.HeisJane'sclassmate.B.HeisstrictwithJane.C.Hedoesn'tbelieveinJane.

【答案】8.B9.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Jane,youwerelateforschooltoday.What'sthematter?

W:Sorry,Mr.White.Imissedmybus.

M:Whydidyoumissyourbus?

W:BecauseIlefthomealittlelaterthanusual.

M:Didyougetuplateorsomething?

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W:No,Ireceivedacallfrommyauntbeforegoingtoschool.I'mreallysorryforbeinglate.

M:Ifyou'relateagain,Ican'tletyoupassthisclass.

W:Ipromiseitwon'thappenagain.

M:Allright.Gobacktoyourseat.Theclassisbeginning.

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

10.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?

A.Thenoise.B.Theweather.C.Thetraffic.

11.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherlivingconditions?

A.Theflatistooold.B.Theflatistoodirty.Theflatisovercrowded.

12.Whatisthewomangoingtodonextyear?

A.Movetoanewhouse.B.Changeherjob.C.Buyanewcar.

【答案】10.All.C12.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodmorning.I'mJohnBrown一I'mareporter.Wouldyoumindansweringafew

questions?

W:No,goahead.

M:MayIaskyourname,please?

W:MynameisAliceCassin.

M:Mrs.Cassin,howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?

W:Thereare5peopleinmyfamily.

M:Andhowlonghaveyoulivedhere?

W:Since1990.

M:Doyouthinkthenoiseisaprobleminthisarea?

W:Yes,ofcourse.Theneighborsmakeallsortsofnoisedayandnight.It'sdrivingmemad.

M:Doyouthinkyourlivingconditionsaresatisfying?

W:No,definitelynot!Myflatisextremelysmallforfivepeople.It'sovercrowded.

M:Doyouplantoimproveyourlivingconditions?

W:Ofcourse.Actually,wewillbemovingtothenewhouseatthistimenextyear.

M:Congratulations.Thankyouforyourtime.

W:You'rewelcome.

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聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

13.HowdoesJohngotoworkonrainydays?

A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.

14.WhatdoesJohnusuallydoonweekends?

A.Hebakessomething.B.Helearnscooking.C.Hebuyssweets.

15.WhendoesCaroleatout?

A.Whenshehasabusydayatwork.

B.Whenshedoesn,tknowwhattoeat.

C.Whenherhusbandistoobusytocook.

16.WhatdoesCarolthinkoftherestaurants?

A.Theyarepopular.B.Theyarediverse.C.Theyareexpensive.

【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Thisisalovelyhouse!John.Thanksforhavingmeover.

M:Thankyou,Carol.

W:It'sveryclosetowork,isn'tit?

M:Yes,itis.Ialwayswalktowork一evenwhenitrains!Thecrowdednessonthebusisadeal

breakerforme.

W:Iusuallydrivemycar.Ittakessolong!

M:Howlongdoesittake?

W:Oh,ittakesabout20minutes.

M:Thatisalongtime.Well,havesomecake.Iusuallybakesomethingattheweekend.Ilike

havingsweetsinthehouse.

W:Thisisdelicious!You'reawonderfulcook!

M:Thankyou,it'snothingreally.Doyoucookathome?

W:Inevercook.I'mjusthopeless.Myhusband,David,usuallydoesallthecooking.

M:Doyouoftengoouttoeat?

W:Yes,whenhedoesn'thavetimetocook,wegoouttoeatsomewhere.

M:Therearesomewonderfulrestaurantsinthecitythatarenotthatexpensive.

W:Yes.Somany!Youcaneatatadifferentrestauranteveryday.Monday一Chinese,Tuesday一

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Italian,Wednesday一Mexican,onandon...

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

17WheredoesThomasManningwork?

A.IntheGuinnessCompany.

B.Ataradiostation.

C.Inamuseum.

18.Wheredidtheideaofabookofrecordscomefrom?

A.Abird-shootingtrip.

B.AvisittoEurope.

C.Atelevisiontalkshow.

19WhendidSirHugh'sfirstbookofrecordsappear?

A.In1875.B.In1950.C.In1955.

20.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtotalkaboutnext?

A.Morerecordsofunusualfacts.

B.Thefounderofthecompany.

C.Theoldestpersonintheworld.

【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

COVID-19vaccinations（接種）areunderway.AnthonyFauci,directoroftheNationalInstitute

ofAllergyandInfectiousDisease,hassaidthatabout75%to90%ofAmericanswillneedtobe

vaccinatedtoreachherdimmunity（群體免疫）intheUnitedStates.Publichealthexperts

recommendedastagedapproachtovaccination.Demandforthevaccineexceededcapacityinthe

beginning.Vaccinemanufacturersincreasedproductiontomeetthedemand;however,publicinterest

ingettingvaccinatedhasbeenwaning.TheU.S.adoptedthefollowingstagedapproach,butby

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May1,2021,mostofthecountryhadalreadyreachedstage2.

Stagelaincludeshealthcarepersonnelandresidentsofnursinghomesandassistedliving

facilities.StagelavaccinationsbeganinDecember2020.Stagelbincludesfrontlineessential

workers:policeofficers;foodandagricultural,postal,daycare,grocerystore,publictransit,

andmanufacturingworkers;teachers;andpeopleaged75andolder.Somestatesareallowingpeople

aged65andoldertosignupforthevaccine.SmestatesbeganStagelbvaccinationsduringthe

secondfullweekofJanuary2021.

Stage1cincludespeopleaged65.to74andpeopleaged16to64whohavepotentialhealth

conditionsthatincreasetheriskofCOVIDcomplications.Essentialworkersofanyageinthe

transportation,logistics,foodservice,construction,communications,informationtechnology,

energy,law,media,publicsafety,andpublichealthsectorsarealsoinStage1c.Manystates

wereabletovaccinateStage1cinMarchandApril.

Stage2includesallotherpeopleaged16andolder.ACOVID-19vaccineisnowauthorized

forteensaged12andolder.

Formoreinformationaboutvaccineinjection,youmaycontact415-578-7342.

21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“waning“inparagraph1mean?

A.Increasing.B.Decreasing.C.Changing.D.Improving.

22.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.ManystatesoftheU.S.areabletoreachstage1cbeforeJanuary,2021.

B.TheU.S.planstovaccinateallpeopleaged12andolderattheendofthetwostages.

C.Toreachherdimmunity,morethan90%ofAmericanswillneedtobevaccinated.

D.Instagelbamanaged66cangetvaccinatedinsomestatesofAmerica.

23.Whereisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Anannouncement.B.Abiologytextbook.

C.Anewsreport.D.Amedicaljournal.

【答案】21.B22.D23.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要講的是美國分階段接種新冠疫苗的相關(guān)信息。

[21題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的“Vaccinemanufacturersincreasedproductiontomeetthedemand（疫苗

制造商增加生產(chǎn)以滿足需求）”及后面的however表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，疫苗制造商增加生產(chǎn)以滿足需求；然而，公

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眾對(duì)接種疫苗的興趣正在減弱。由此推知，劃線詞waning的意思是“減少”，即Decreasing。故選B。

[22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Stagelbincludesfrontlineessentialworkers:policeofficers;food

andagricultural,postal,daycare,grocerystore,publictransit,andmanufacturingworkers;

teachers;andpeopleaged75andolder.Somestatesareallowingpeopleaged65andoldertosign

upforthevaccine.（第lb階段包括前線的重要工作人員：警務(wù)人員；食品和農(nóng)業(yè)、郵政、日托、雜貨店、

公共交通和制造業(yè)工人；教師；以及75歲以上的人。一些州允許65歲及以上的人注冊(cè)接種疫苗）”可知，

在1b階段，在美國的一些州，66歲的男子可以接種疫苗。故選D。

[23題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Formoreinformationaboutvaccineinjection,youmaycontact

415-578-7342.（有關(guān)疫苗注射的更多信息，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系415-578-7342）”可知，主要講的是美國分階段接種新冠

疫苗的相關(guān)信息。由此推知，本文來自于一份公告。故選A。

B

Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.

Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolfor

genius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthat

somepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?

Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropean

origin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,and

thosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremade

bygeniusesoutsidetheclub一women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief一theywere

unacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.

AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikely

thanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender（性另lj）are“really,reallysmart."Evenworse,the

studyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaid

tobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart."Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkers

becomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn,ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.

Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reall

positionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewill

seethatsocialfactors（因素）likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.

Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith^intelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅

8

力），andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.

24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?

A.They'reunfair.B.They,reconservative.

C.They'reobjective.D.They'restrict.

25.Whatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudy-inScience

A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.

B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.

C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.

D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs

26.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?

A.Improvedglobalcommunication.

B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.

C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.

D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GeniusesThinkAlikeB.GeniusTakesManyForms

C.GeniusandIntelligenceD.GeniusandLuck

【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章由問題“誰是天才？”引入，論述了世人對(duì)天才的狹隘定義，提出事實(shí)上

“天才”有很多種形式，不要讓思維限制了我們的“天才”能力。

【24題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的"Itissaidthathistoryiswrittenbyvictors,andthosevictorsset

thestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutside

theclub-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejected

byothers.（據(jù)說歷史是由勝利者書寫的，而那些勝利者為進(jìn)入天才俱樂部設(shè)定了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。當(dāng)俱樂部以外的天

才一一女性或不同膚色或信仰的人一一做出貢獻(xiàn)時(shí)，他們不會(huì)被承認(rèn)并且被其他人拒絕。）”可知，作者認(rèn)

為那些“勝利者”對(duì)進(jìn)“天才俱樂部”設(shè)置的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是不公平的，因?yàn)榕曰蛘卟煌w色或信仰的人做出的

成就是得不到承認(rèn)的。故選A。

【25題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief.Aroundage

9

sixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.（更

糟糕的是，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)女孩們是按照這個(gè)信念行事的。六歲左右，她們開始避免那些據(jù)說是“非常非常聰明”

的孩子參加的活動(dòng)可推知，女孩容易受到社會(huì)信仰的影響，認(rèn)為自己不適合做“聰明孩子”做的事情。

故選Do

[26題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reall

positionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.（在一個(gè)擁有持續(xù)的全球交流的聯(lián)網(wǎng)的世

界里，我們隨時(shí)隨地都能看到天才的出現(xiàn)。）”可知，進(jìn)步的全球通訊讓更多的天才被公眾所知道。故選A。

[27題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，結(jié)合文章第一段提出問題“Whoisagenius?（誰是天才）”和最后一

段的“Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors（因素）likegender,race,and

classdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthose

withintelligence,creativity,perseverance,andsimplegeniuses,whoareabletochangethe

world.（我們看得越多，就越會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，像性別、種族和階級(jí)這樣的社會(huì)因素并不能決定天才的外表。正如一

位作家所說，未來的天才來自那些具有“智慧、創(chuàng)造力、毅力和那些能夠改變世界的簡單天才。”'可知，

天才不一定是那些有巨大貢獻(xiàn)的人，他們也可以是某一方面比較突出的普通人。由此可知B項(xiàng)“天才有多

種形式”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。

C

Reflecting（0ft）onthepastaboutthosedecisionsoractionsthatcan，tbereversed（tBfS）and

beingoccupiedwiththoughtsof“Whatif?”isnowaytolive.Butthereareafewthingsin

lifeI'dprobablydodifferentlyifIhadthechance.

Ioncemajoredinarchitecture一somethingIhadbeencrazyaboutforaslongasIcouldremember

一andthenIsuddenlyhadachangeofheart.Imadeanappointmentwithmyadviser,andtold

himIwasnolongercertainIwantedtopursueacareerinarchitecture.

“Don'tgiveuponyourchildhooddream!"He'sright,“Ithought."Ishouldjuststick

itoutandIshouldn'tdisappointthelittlegirlwhooncelovedarchitecture.”

Itwasawful.Iwasagonized,holdingontoachildhooddreamthathadlongsincefaded.When

Italkedwithafriendaboutitayearlater,heasked:"Rightnow,whatdoyouwanttodowith

yourlife?"That'swhenIcametotherealizationthatdreamschangeovertimeandthatyou

shouldgiveupthechildhooddreamifit'snotwhatyouwantasanadult.Luckily,itwasn,t

toolate.Aftersomeseriousthought,Ichangedmymajortojournalism.Itwasn'tsomethingI

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hadalwaysimaginedmyselfpursuing一butatthatmoment,itwaswhatIwanted.

Wegrowup,andsometimesourdreamschange一andthat'sperfectlyOK.Youjustneedtoask

yourselfeveryonceinawhile,“IsthisstillwhatIwant?”Iftheanswerisno,moveonand

startchasinganewone.

28.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestinParagraph1?

A.Pastactionsshouldbetreasured.

B.It'sunwisetoregretallthetime.

C.Lifewouldbedullwithout“Whatif?”

D.Wemakebetterdecisionsbylookingback.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“agonized“inParagraph4mean?

A.ProudB.DeterminedC.UnregretfulD.Painful

30.Whydidn'ttheauthorchangehermajorimmediately?

A.Changingamajorwasuncommon

B.Heradvisorforcedhernottodothat

C.Shethoughtitabetrayal（背叛）ofheryoungerself

D.Shedidn'twantherchildhooddreamtofade.

31.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?

A.Don'tfollowothers,careeradvice

B.It'sOKtoswitchtoourreallove.

C.Improveusbeforerealizingourdream

D.Childhooddreamsarehardtoinsiston

【答案】28.B29.D30.C31.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是夾敘夾議文。本文講述后悔是沒有什么用的，如果這樣的生活或?qū)I(yè)不是你所想要的，大

膽選擇你愛的。

[28題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段提到“Reflecting（回憶）onthepastaboutthosedecisionsoractionsthat

can'tbereversed（推翻）andbeingoccupiedwiththoughtsof“Whatif?”isnowaytolive（反

思過去那些無法逆轉(zhuǎn)的決定或行為，并滿腦子都是“如果……會(huì)怎么樣？”這不是生活的方式。）”可知，

作者認(rèn)為總是后悔是不明智的，故選B項(xiàng)。

[29題詳解】

11

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段提到的“Aftersomeseriousthought,Ichangedmymajortojournalism（經(jīng)

過一番認(rèn)真的思考，我改學(xué)新聞專業(yè)了。）”可知，經(jīng)過慎重的思考我改變的專業(yè)，可知我現(xiàn)在很痛苦，劃

線詞與D項(xiàng)意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)。

[30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Don'tgiveuponyourchildhooddream!”"He'sright,"Ithought.

“IshouldjuststickitoutandIshouldn'tdisappointthelittlegirlwhoonceloved

architecture（"不要放棄你童年的夢想！”“他說得對(duì)，"我想?！拔覒?yīng)該堅(jiān)持下去，我不應(yīng)該讓曾經(jīng)熱

愛建筑的小女孩失望?！埃笨芍髡咴诼犃藢?dǎo)師的話之后覺得他（導(dǎo)師）是對(duì)的，她應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持下去,不應(yīng)該

讓那個(gè)曾經(jīng)熱愛建筑學(xué)的小女孩失望。故可推斷出，作者不喜歡學(xué)習(xí)建筑學(xué)卻不立即換專業(yè)的原因是她認(rèn)

為換專業(yè)就是放棄了童年的夢想，背叛了童年時(shí)的自己，故選C項(xiàng)。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段提到“Wegrowup,andsometimesourdreamschange一andthat?sperfectly

OK.Youjustneedtoaskyourselfeveryonceinawhile,“IsthisstillwhatIwant?”Ifthe

answerisno,moveonandstartchasinganewone.（我們長大了，有時(shí)我們的夢想會(huì)改變這完全

沒問題。你只需要時(shí)不時(shí)問問自己，“這還是我想要的嗎？”如果答案是否定的，那就繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，開始追求

新的目標(biāo)。）”可知，最后一段說到我們?cè)诔砷L，有時(shí)我們的夢想也會(huì)改變，那完全正常。你只需要偶爾問問

自己“這還是我想要的嗎？"，如果答案是否定的,那么我們就應(yīng)該放手并開始追尋我們真正的愛，故選B項(xiàng)。

D

LifeintheClear

Transparentanimalsletlightpassthroughtheirbodiesthesamewaylightpassesthrough

awindow.Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3

300feet--asfarasmostlightcanreach.Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamaged

byasimpletouch.SonkeJohnsen,ascientistinbiology,says,“Theseanimalslivethroughtheir

lifealone.Theynevertouchanythingunlessthey'reeatingit,orunlesssomethingiseating

them.”

Andtheyareasclearasglass.Howdoesananimalbecomesee-through?Itstrickierthan

youmightthink.

Theobjectsaroundyouarevisiblebecausetheyinteractwithlight.Lighttypicallytravels

inastraightline.Butsomematerialsslowandscatter（散射）light,bouncingitawayfromits

originalpath.Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.Bothscatteringandabsorption

12

makeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.

Butatransparentobjectdoesn'tabsorborscatterlight,atleastnotverymuch.Lightcan

passthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping.Thatmeansatransparentobjectdoesn'tlookvery

differentfromthesurroundingairorwater.Youdon'tseeityouseethethingsbehindit.

Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.

Livingmaterialscanstoplightbecausetheycontainpigments（色素）thatabsorbspecificcolors

oflight.Butatransparentanimaldoesn'thavepigments,soitstissueswon'tabsorblight.

AccordingtoJohnsen,avoidingabsorptionisactuallyeasy.Therealchallengeispreventinglight

fromscattering.

Animalsarebuiltofmanydifferentmaterialsskin,fat,andmoreandlightmovesthrough

eachatadifferentspeed.Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsand

scatters.Transparentanimalsusedifferenttrickstofightscattering.Someanimalsaresimply

verysmallorextremelyflat.Withoutmuchtissuetoscatterlight,itiseasiertobesee-through.

Othersbuildalarge,clearmassofnon-livingjelly-like（果凍狀的）materialandspreadthemselves

overit.

Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthe

differenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.Theyneedto

lookuniform.Buthowthey'redoingitisstillunknown.Onethingisclear:fortheselarger

animals,stayingtransparentisanactiveprocess.Whentheydie,theyturnanon-transparent

milkywhite.

32.AccordingtoParagraph1,transparentanimals.

A.stayingroupsB.canbeeasilydamaged

C.appearonlyindeepoceanD.arebeautifulcreatures

33.Theunderlinedword"dead”inParagraph3means.

A.silentlyB.gradually

C.regularlyD.completely

34.Onewayforananimaltobecometransparentisto.

A.changethedirectionoflighttravelB.gathermaterialstoscatterlight

C.avoidtheabsorptionoflightD.growbiggertostoplight

35.Thelastparagraphtellsusthatlargertransparentanimals.

A.movemoreslowlyindeepwater

13

B.staysee-throughevenafterdeath

C.producemoretissuesfortheirsurvival

D.takeeffectiveactiontoreducelightspreading

【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章解釋了生活在海洋的透明生物的特點(diǎn)，透明原理，以及形成機(jī)制。

[32題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三行"Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimple

touch”可知，透明動(dòng)物是很容易受傷。故選B。

[33題詳解】

詞義猜測題。該詞出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物體一種是對(duì)光線進(jìn)行了散射；而

另外一種是對(duì)光線的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的傳播過程中就完全阻止了，因此這里dead是完全的意思。

故選Do

[34題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句"Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfrom

absorbingorscatteringlight."可知，想變透明就要避免散射或吸收光線，因此其中的一個(gè)方法是C

選項(xiàng)，避免光線的吸收。故選C。

[35題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的"Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,

becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyas

muchaswaterdoes.”可知，體型較大的透明動(dòng)物面臨的挑戰(zhàn)最大，因?yàn)樗鼈儽?/p>