2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)摸底考試英語試題（含答案）

2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)摸底考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題1分，滿分4分）聽下面4段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一個(gè)小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillthemandoonFridaymorning?A.Givealecture. B.Goonabusinesstrip. C.Attendaparents’meeting.2.Whatcausedthewomantocomehomelate?A.Attendinganinterview.B.Seeingadoctor.C.VisitingPeter.3.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Tothewoman’shouse. B.Totheman’scompany. C.Toarestaurant.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.William’stravelexperiences.B.Thewoman’sviewsontravelling.C.Theimportanceofmakingtravelplans.第二節(jié)（共11小題；每小題1分，滿分11分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從所聽到的內(nèi)容中獲取信息，回答相應(yīng)小題。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第5段材料，回答第5、6題。5.WhendidJackbeginreading?A.At4:40. B.At5:00. C.At5:30. 6.WhatdoesthewomanwantJacktodo?A.Relaxhiseyes. B.Readmorebooks.C.Goshoppingwithher. 聽第6段材料，回答第7至9題。7.Whatdisasterstrucktheforestnearthemountaintown?A.Anearthquake.B.Aflood. C.Awildfire.8.WhatdoesDavidthinkofthosemotorcyclists?A.Braveandresponsible.B.Strongandsuccessful.C.Smartandkindhearted.9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Ateacher. B.Areporter. C.Afilm-maker. 聽第7段材料，回答第10至12題。WhatwillthemandoinMiami?Giveaperformance.Attendamusicfestival.Meethiscousin.11.Whydoesthemanchoosetotakeatrain?A.Itisfast. B.Itischeap. C.Itisenjoyable. 12.WhatdoesDaisyoffertodofortheman?A.Bookahotelroom.B.Introduceafriendtohim.C.Findaplacetolivein.聽第8段材料，回答第13至15題。13.WheredidJamesgetthenewsabouttheCityKitchenprogram?A.FromtheInternet. B.Fromafriend. C.Fromhisboss. 14.HowoftendoesJamesdovolunteerwork?A.Threetimesaweek.B.Fivetimesaweek.C.Seventimesaweek.15.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenJamesandEmma?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Husbandandwife. C.Colleagues.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhiletheclassicsandwichwillalwayshaveitsplace,thereareplentyofexcitinglunchboxideasthatwillsatisfybothkidsandparentsalike.Whenkidsjoininplanningandpackingtheirlunches,they’remorelikelytoenjoyandfinishtheirmeals.So,whynotgivetheseideasatry?BentoBoxBlissBentoboxlunchesaregainingpopularity.Thesecontainersallowyoutomakeamealwithavarietyoffoods.Fillonesectionwithcolorfulfruitslices,anotherwithbite-sizedvegetables,andtheremainingoneswithproteins(蛋白質(zhì))likechickenandeggs.Finishwithasmalltreatlikeahandfulofberries.Thepossibilitiesareendless,andkidswilllovethesedifferentkindsoffood.DIYLunchablesHomemadeLunchablesoffersahealthierchoicethanstore-boughtfood.Packaselectionofwhole-grainbiscuits,slicesofcheese,andahandfulofcherrytomatoes.Kidscanmaketheirownsandwichesbyaddingtheirfavoritefoodtoroundoutthemeal.Itmakeslunchtimeanenjoyableexperience.Wrap(包)itUpTryusingwrapsinsteadofregularsandwiches.Itisadvisedtousetheflatbread(扁面包)insteadofbread.Itcanbefilledwithlotsofdifferentthings.Youcanmakeaturkeywrapwithcreamcheese,oravegetablewrapifyoupreferaplant-basedoption.Wrapsarenotonlyeasytogetreadybutalsoeasyforlittlehandstohold.MiniPancakeStacksWhosayspancakesarejustforbreakfast?Minipancakescanbeapleasantlunchboxsurprise.Makesmallpancakesandsandwichthemwithcocoabutterandslicedbananas.Addalittlehoneyformoresweetness.Withjustafewsteps,youcancompletethem.Thesecutestacksarenotonlytastybutalsofuntoeat.16.What’sanadvantageofBentoboxlunches?A.Offeringmanysandwichoptions.B.Usingsimplematerialsasfoodsources.C.Helpingstrictlycontrolhowmuchkidseat.D.Enablingkidstoenjoyawell-balancedmeal.17.WhatdoweknowabouthomemadeLunchables?A.Itcostsmuchtimeandeffort.B.Itallowskidstoshowcreativeideas.C.Itismuchtastierthantakeawayfood.D.Itmakeskidsincreasetheirfoodintakeeasily.18.Whatdothelasttwolunchboxchoiceshaveincommon?A.Bothareeasytoprepare.B.Botharepopularwithlittlekids.C.Bothsuitkidsenjoyingsweettreats.D.Bothfeaturefastfoodwithhighcalories.BZandraCunninghamisthefounderofaskincarebrand.ShehasbeenrecognizedbythemediaasoneoftheyoungestandmostsuccessfulbusinessownersinAmerica.Whenshewasakid,Zandraalwayslovedlipbalms(護(hù)唇膏)andboughtalotofthem.Butshefoundtheyeventuallyhurtherlipsinsteadofrelievingthedrynessbecauseofallthechemicalsinthem.Shethenstartedexperimentingwithdifferentingredients(成分)togetherwithhermom.Theytriedalotoftimesuntiltheyfoundthenaturalandhealthycombinationstheyliked.Slowly,Zandrabegansellingherproductsatlocalfarmers’marketsandtradeevents.Beforeher10thbirthday,shelaunchedherbrandandhopeditwouldempowerotheryounggirls.Soon,itbecameachallengeforZandratoseparateherpersonalinterestsfromwhathercustomersactuallywanted.“TherearealotofideasthatIfeelareexcellentbutwouldn’tfitintothemarket,”shesaid.Beingpartoftheyoungermarketherself,Zandrarecognizedtheissueandimprovedherproductsaftertrulylisteningtocustomers.“Therearesomanybrandsdoingsimilarthings,butthere’sstillsomuchroomtogrow.Yourcustomersareoutthere,andyoujusthavetoreachouttothem.That’swhatwillsetyouapart,”the23-year-oldshared.Whenaskedaboutherexperienceasapromisingyoungbusinesswoman,Zandrasaid,“Itwasn’tfrightening.Whenyou’reyoung,feardoesn’thaveastrongholdonyourmindset.‘Maybeit’snotgoingtowork’neverreallycrossedmymind.”Characterizedbyencouragingstatementsandfeaturingaplayfulcolorcombination,thepackaging(包裝)isabigpartofwhyZandra’sbusinesshasbeensoimpressive.“Therearealotofproductsonthemarketthatseemnatural,buttheyactuallyaren’t,”shesaid.“Imakesuremypackagingcanhelppeopleunderstandwhateachtermmeans,andhowtoreadandcheckingredients.”19.WhatpushedZandratogetintotheskincarebusiness?A.Herdesiretocreateskin-friendlyproducts.B.Herinterestindoingchemicalexperiments.C.Herwishtosetanexampleforotheryounggirls.D.Hergoalofprovidinglocalpeoplewithcheapskinproducts.20.HowdidZandradealwiththetroubleinherbusiness?A.Shecooperatedwithpowerfulbrands.B.Shestoodbyherownbusinessdecisions.C.Shemadeanefforttomeetrealmarketneeds.D.Shetookinspirationfromsuccessfulbusinesswomen.21.WhatplaysaroleinherbusinesssuccessaccordingtoZandra?A.Herworkexperience.B.Herparents’support.C.Hercreativethinking.D.Heryouthfulpositivity.22.WhatdoesZandraexpecttoachievewithherpackaging?A.Tocatchcustomers’attention.B.Tocollectcustomers’opinionsonskincare.C.Toeducatecustomersaboutproductknowledge.D.Toencourageenvironmentalawarenessincustomers.CThewallsofancientEgyptiantombs(墳?zāi)?canteachusmuchabouttheancientEgyptians’life.However,manypaintingsinthetombsweredamagedbyunlawfultombdiggers.NowanewstudyshowshowatechnologycalledportableX-rayfluorescence(pXRF)canbeusedtobetterstudythepaintings.Developedintheearly20thcenturybyphysicistHenryMoseley,XRFandpXRFcanbeusedtodecidematerials’elementalcomposition(元素組成).Ratherthanthehugeandimmovabletooloftenusedtostudyhistoricalobjectsinlabs,thetoolneededinthepXRFstudyweighsonlyafewkilogramsandcanbetakenintothefield.TheresearchteamheadedbyPhilippeMartinezfromSorbonneUniversityusedthenewtooltoperformchemicalimagingonpaintingsonsite,allowingforthestudyofpaintcomposition.AstheancientEgyptiansusedpaintsmadefromminerals(礦物),thepaintshavespecificchemicalmarkers.ByusingpXRF,scientistscanusethechemicalmarkerstocreateamapofdamagedareas.TheteamusedthepXRFtoolinthestudyofapaintingofRamessesIIfoundinthetombofNakhtamun,whichhastraditionallybeendatedatthe19thdynastyofancientEgypt.Andtheydiscoveredthenecklacewornbythekinginthepaintingmayhavebeenchanged.Thekingwasfirstpaintedtobewearingashebyunecklace,whichwastrendyduringthe20thdynasty,someyearsafterRamessesII’sdeath.Anditappearsthatthenecklacewaslaterchangedtoawesekhnecklace,whichusuallyappearsinpaintingsduringhistime.Thismeansthetombpaintersatfirstpaintedthis19th-dynastyrulerwearinga20th-dynastynecklace,realizedtheirmistakeandthencorrectedit.Thetechnologyenabledtheteamtolearnthatthetombowner,Nakhtamun,mayactuallyhavelivedinthe20thratherthanthe19thdynasty,andthatthepaintingisnotofalivingking,butratherofaformerruler.Accordingtotheresearchers,thepXRFtechnologyallowsin-depthstudieswhilehelpingpreventfurtherdamage.AnditpresentsimportantdetailsaboutthetechnologicalandartisticachievementsoftheancientEgyptians.23.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthepXRFtechnologyfromParagraph2?A.Itonlyworksinlaboratorysettings.B.Itrequiresalargeandfixedtooltooperate.C.Itwasdevelopedtopreventpaintingstealing.D.Itismoreconvenientthantheearliertechnology.24.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theprocessofrepairingthetombs.B.Theresearchers’workingmethods.C.Theintroductiontothetechnology’sinventor.D.Thevaluablematerialsofthepaintsusedinthepaintings.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trendy”inParagraph5mean?A.Confusing.B.Acceptable.C.Popular.D.Expensive.26.WhatdoestheresearchonthepaintingofRamessesIIshow?A.RamessesIIpaidgreatattentiontohisappearance.B.AncientEgyptianpainterswerecarelessaboutdetails.C.Thenewtoolwasimportanttothedatingofhistoricalobjects.D.TechnologydevelopedveryquicklyduringRamessesII’stime.DChancesarethatyoucannameafewanimalsthatarefacingextinction.Butwhataboutplants?Withsome40%ofplantspeciesunderthreatofextinction—andgivenhumankind’sdependenceontheplantworld—onemightthinktheyshouldbeprotectedassoonaspossible.However,somanypeoplesufferfromplantblindnesswhichreferstotheinabilitytoseeornoticetheplantsinone’sownenvironment,leadingtotheinabilitytorecognizetheimportanceofplants.NowapaperpublishedbyOxfordUniversityPressmighthavefoundasolutionforthat.That’swatchingnaturedocumentaries.HavingnoticedthatTVshowslikeSevenWorlds,OnePlanet,PlanetEarthII,andBluePlanetIIincreasedviewers’interestintheanimalsontheshows,theresearcherssetouttodiscoverifTVshowscoulddothesameforplants.Forthepaper,theyfocusedonTheGreenPlanet.Theshowwaswatchedbynearly5millionpeopleintheUnitedKingdom.Itfeaturesvariousplantspeciesanddoesn’tshyawayfromenvironmentalconcerns.Tofigureoutifthedocumentaryattractedviewersenoughtomakethemwanttolearnmore,theresearchersnotedwhichspeciesappearedontheshowandthenlookedatdataonGoogleTrendsandWikipediapagehitsforthosesamespeciesbeforeandaftertheepisodes(劇集)ofthedocumentaryaired.Actually,some28.1%ofsearchtermsrepresentingplantsmentionedinTheGreenPlanethadpeak(高峰時(shí)期的)popularityintheUK,measuredusingGoogleTrends,theweekafterthebroadcastoftherelevantepisode.Wikipediadatashowedthisaswell.Almostathird(31.3%)oftheWikipediapagesrelatedtoplantsmentionedinthedocumentaryshowedincreasedvisitstheweekafterthebroadcast.TheresearchersalsonotedthatpeopleweremorelikelytodoonlinesearchesforplantsthatenjoyedmorescreentimeonTheGreenPlanet.“Ourresultssuggestthattheviewersfoundcertainplantspeciesparticularlyattractive.Theseplantscouldbeusedforpromotingplantconservationefforts,”saidthepaper’sleadauthor,JoannaKacprzyk.27.Whatistheproblemmentionedatthebeginningofthetext?A.Theharmofintroducedplantspeciestonativeplants.B.LimitededucationaboutlocalwildlifeprotectionC.Thelackofpublicawarenessaboutplants.D.People’sincreasinglypooreyesight.28.Howdidtheresearchersstudyviewers’interestinTheGreenPlanet?A.Byshowingnewsaboutextinctplantspecies.B.BycomparingitspopularitywithotherTVshows’.C.Bymeasuringpeople’sonlinebehaviortowardsit.D.Byrecordingviewers’preferencesforsocialmediasites.29.WhateffectdidTheGreenPlanetcause?A.Bettersalesofnaturalproducts.B.Ariseinonlinesearchesforspecificplants.C.Growingpublicinterestinoutdooractivities.D.Moreeducationalwebsitesrelatedtowildlife.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AneffectivesolutiontoanimalprotectionB.ThechangingviewsaboutnatureprogramsC.Plantblindness:awidespreadphenomenonD.Naturedocumentaries:ahiddenguardianofplants第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weliveinaworldwhereweareusuallyexposedto(接觸)newsonsocialmediathatcanbescary,upsetting,orconfusing.31However,asMr.Rogers,thebelovedhostofachildren’sshow,oncesaid,“WhenIwasaboyandIwouldseescarythingsinthenews,mymotherwouldsaytome,‘Lookforthehelpers.Youwillalwaysfindpeoplewhoarehelpful.’”O(jiān)neoftheplaceswherewecanlookfor“thehelpers”isonsocialmediaplatforms.32Forexample,RyanKajiisa9-year-oldboywhorunsthechannelRyan’sWorld.Hemakesvideosaboutscienceexperimentsandgamesthatarefunandeducationalforkids.Healsodonatestocharitiesandcausesthathecaresabout.33Oneproblemisfindingreliable(可靠)andexactsourcesofinformation.Notallcontentonsocialmediaplatformsistrustworthy.Somecontentcreatorsmayjustwanttomakemoneyfromads.Therefore,itisimportanttojudgethereliabilityofthesourcesbeforewetrusttheircontent.Anotherchallengeiskeepingahealthybalancebetweenonlineandofflineactivities.Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinecandoharmtoourphysicalhealth,suchascausingheadachesorsleepproblems.Therefore,itisimportanttolimitourscreentimebydoingotheractivities.34Lookingforhelpersonsocialmediacanbeavaluablewaytofindhopeandcomfortindifficulty.35Thenwewillformourownopinions.Wecanalsobehelpersourselvesbysharinghelpfulcontentonsocialmediathatcanmakeadifferenceintheworld.A.We’dbetterfindsometopicstotalkaboutwiththehelper.B.Exercising,reading,andlearningartareallgoodchoices.C.Phonesandcomputershavemadeinformationeasiertogain.D.Theyofferalotofcontentthatcaneducateorsupportyoungviewers.E.Itenablesustoseethingsfromdifferentviewpointsandlearnnewthings.F.However,lookingforhelpersonsocialmediaalsocomeswithsomechallenges.G.Sometimes,itcanbehardtodealwiththenegativethoughtsthattheseeventscause.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JuliafoundsomeofhergrandmotherGeorgie’solddesignsketches(草圖)fromthe1940s.Georgietoldhergranddaughtershewasproudofthesketchesandwantedthemtobe36bymorepeople,for37wasabigpartofherlife.“BeingalonealldaywasdifficultforGrandma.Ithinkdoingsomethingwould38liftherspirits,”Juliasaid.Juliatooksomepicturesofthosesketchesandmadeapost.Itbecame39overnight.Alotofrepliesunderthepost40Juliatophysicallymakehergrandmother’sdesigns.Thoughhersewing(縫紉)skillswere41,Juliadecidedtofigureitout.Andshelearnedthebasicssoon.Withthehelpofhergrandmother,Juliaspentcountlesshours42thesketchesandturningthemintocompletedesigns.Despitethegreatinterestherfollowershadin43hergrandma’sdesigns,thedressesJuliarecreatedwerenotforsale.“Wehave44whenwedotheseprojectsandwedon’tliketotakethistooseriously.Maybeonedaythat’llbecomeacareer,butrightnowwe’rejustfocusingonour45.I’mgladtoputonthedressesand46themtoGrandma.I47thatIwillre-wearthedresses.SoItrytobeasenvironmentallyfriendlyaspossible,”Juliasaid.“Youcanhaveyourown48andit’snevertoolatetogoafterit.Youcanstillfollowsomething49inyourlifeatanyage.Maybeitwon’t50,butit’sworthtakingthatrisk,”Juliasaid.36.A.shownB.checkedC.discoveredD.appreciated37.A.fashionB.performanceC.travelD.play38.A.slightlyB.greatlyC.poorlyD.hardly39.A.popularB.helpfulC.differentD.convenient40.A.taughtB.forcedC.challengedD.encouraged41.A.necessaryB.specialC.limitedD.excellent42.A.copyingB.protectingC.judgingD.improving43.A.recordingB.buyingC.changingD.praising44.A.experienceB.freedomC.pleasureD.introduction45.A.serviceB.creationC.storyD.duty46.A.introduceB.handC.connectD.present47.A.promiseB.doubtC.admitD.warn48.A.educationB.surpriseC.interestD.memory49.A.naturalB.meaningfulC.peacefulD.practical50.A.workoutB.standoutC.passdownD.movearound第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Originallyunearthedinthelate1920s,theSanxingduiRuinshavebeenregardedasoneoftheworld’sgreatestarchaeological51_________(finding)ofthe20thcentury.InJulythisyear,a52________(new)completedexhibitionhallattheworld-famousSanxingduiMuseumopenedinGuanghan,SichuanProvince.53________(cover)anareaofnearly55,000squaremeters,theexhibitionhallisnowthelargestsingleexhibitionbuildingshowcasingtheculturalrelics54_______(dig)fromhistoricalsitesinsouthwestChina.Thenewhall55________(hold)morethan1,500culturalitems,with600ofthemonshowforthefirsttime.Oneiconic(標(biāo)志性的)exhibitisthefour-meter-tallbronzesacredtree,56_______takesupthecentralpositioninthenewhall.Anditmakesamuch57________(strong)visualimpressionthanitdidintheoldhall.Thebronzealtar(青銅神壇)thatwasdiscoveredlastyearisalso58_______impressivepieceofartwork.Itismadeupofthreepartsandshowsancientsacrificial(獻(xiàn)祭的)scenes.Dividedintothreethemedareas,theexhibitionhallmakesuseofarangeofnewtechnologies59__________(celebrate)theculturalfeaturesandsocialdevelopmentoftheShucivilization.ItalsoshowsChina’slatestachievements60________archaeologicalresearch.第四部分課本基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）單詞填空（共10小題，每小題2分，滿分20分)Inspiredbyhis___________(智慧)andvirtue,wearedeterminedtostudyharderandmakecontributionstoourcountry.Itisextremelynecessarytokeepa___________(均衡的)dietinordertokeepfit.Toprotectthe___________(瀕臨滅絕的)species,theChinesegovernmenthastakensomeeffectivemeasures.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplyatyourearliest___________（方便）.Thenextrentpaymentis_______(到期的)onJanuary31.Tooursurprise,sometreasures___________(屬于)toChinashouldbeshowninBritishMuseum.The“Chinesedream”isadreamtoimprovepeople’swell-beingandadreamof__________(和諧),peaceanddevelopment.I’llmeetyouatthemain___________(門口)totheschool.Thisisanewinventionthatwillhaveawiderangeof_________(應(yīng)用)inindustry.Althoughthecountryhashadpolitic