四川省瀘州市瀘縣四中2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題（原卷版）

瀘縣四中高2021級高三下期開學(xué)考試英語試題第I卷選擇題(100分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】HowdoesHenryfeelnow?A.Proud. B.Grateful. C.Tired.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthespeakersdiscussthematteragain?A.OnWednesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhereisJenniferworkingnow?A.Inacollege. B.Inahospital. C.Inadrugstore.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisdrivingtowork?A.It’snotbad. B.Thedistanceisalittlelong. C.Ittakeshimtoomuchtime.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash. B.Bycheck. C.Bycreditcard.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Howmuchistherentfortheextralargetentperday?A.$10. B.$50. C.$60.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Reserveatent. B.Lookforacampingsite. C.Changehercampingplan.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whodoesthemanwanttospeakto?A.MaryJones. B.JackStewart. C.DavidBowie.9.Whenwillthetrainingcoursestart?A.OnJune12th. B.OnJuly12th. C.OnJuly22nd.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhyisJeffattheairport?A.ToseeRyanoff. B.ToflytoLondon. C.Tomeetthewoman.11.WhydoesRyangotoParis?A.Todobusiness. B.Togosightseeing. C.Toreceiveeducation.12.WhatdoesJeffworryabout?A.Ryanmaymisshisflight.B.Theplanemaybedelayed.C.There’snotimetotalktoDaisy.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whydidthewomanhavetostayatthebottomofthemountain?A.Shewaswornout. B.Shewasscaredofheights. C.Shelovedthescenerythere.14.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenshesawadolphin?A.Relaxingonthebeach. B.Sailinginaboat. C.Divingunderwater.15.Howlongdidittakethewomantogototheforest?A.Onehour. B.Twohours. C.Fourhours.16.Whathadthewomanneverdonebefore?A.Boating. B.Caveexploring. C.Rockclimbing.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatcanwelearnabout“prom”?A.Itisaformalcelebration.B.Itisheldatthestartofcollege.C.ItisauniqueAmericantradition.18.Wheredidthe“prom”traditionstartaccordingtothewidelyacceptedbelief?A.InCanada. B.InAustralia. C.IntheUS.19Whyis“prom”importantinstudents’lives?A.It’sasignofbeinganadult.B.It’sanopportunitytofindajob.C.Itmarkstheendoftheirschooling.20.Whowilltraditionallypayfortheticketsfor“prom”?A.Schools. B.Students. C.Parents.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWeletoPrincetonPrincetonUniversityisavibrantuniversity.ItisthefourtholdestcollegeintheUnitedStatesandisanindependentinstitutionthatprovidesundergraduateandgraduateinstructionintheartsandhumanities,socialsciences,naturalsciences,andengineering.Asawellknownresearchuniversity,Princetonseekstoachievethehighestlevelsinthediscoveryandspreadofknowledgeandunderstanding.Atthesametime,Princetonisdistinctiveamongresearchuniversitiesinitsmitmenttoundergraduateteaching.AcademicsFaculty,includingfulltime,parttimeandvisiting:1,238（spring2019）Undergraduatestudenttofacultyrate：5:1Departments：36SchoolswithintheUniversity:SchoolofArchitecture,SchoolofEngineeringandAppliedScience,WoodrowWilsonSchoolofPublicandInternationalAffairs.LibraryPrincetonUniversityLibraryconsistsoftheFirestoneLibraryandninebuildingsacrosscampus.Thelibrary'scollectionsincludemorethan8millionbooksandimpressiverarebooks,printsandothermaterialsthatrequirespecialhandling.Thelibrary'sextensiveelectronicresourcesincludedatabasesandjournals,imagesanddigitalmaps.Exhibitionsfromthelibrary'srichcollectionsarefreeandopentothegeneralpublic.CampusLifeAvastrangeofcultural,educational,athleticandsocialactivitiesareavailabletoPrincetonstudents.GettinginvolvedincampuslifeisthequickestwaytobeeapartoftheUniversitymunity,andtocreateone'sownPrincetonexperience.Campuslifeactivitiesarebuiltaroundtheconceptsofencouragingeachmunitymembertodisplayhisorhertalentsandtolearntorespectallmembersofourmunity.AidProgramOuraidprogramisdesignedtoencourageallqualifiedstudents—regardlessoffinancialcircumstances—toconsiderapplyingforadmissiontoPrinceton.Anyfamily,whofeelstheymayneedhelptopayforaPrincetoneducationisweletoapplyforaid.Formoreinformation,pleasevisit:://princeton.edu.21.WhatmakesPrincetonUniversityoutstandingamongresearchuniversities?A.Itslonghistory. B.Itswiderangeofcourses.C.Itsambitiontobethebest. D.Itsundergraduateteaching.22.WhatcanyouenjoyasaPrincetonUniversitystudent?A.Freeundergraduateeducation.B.Freemembershipofsportsclubs.C.Accesstorarebooksanddatabases.D.MaterialbenefitsoftheUniversitymunity.23.TheaidprogramofPrincetonUniversityisintendedforA.anypoorfamiliesinneedB.topstudentswithmoneyproblemC.studentsadmittedintouniversityDqualifiedapplicantsunabletoaffordtopayforPrincetonBWhen12girlsfromSanFernandohighschoolinCaliforniareceivedagrant(助學(xué)金)todevelopaninventiontosolvearealworldproblem,theydecidedtocreateasolarpoweredshelter.Nowforoverayear,thegirlshavebeenworkingafterschoolandoverthewinterandspringbreakstopletetheirproject.“TheyhavethisamazingdrivethatI'veneverseenbefore,”saidVioletMardirosian,amathteacheratSanFernandoHigh.“Ithoughtatthebeginningthatmaybesomeofthemwouldgiveup,saying'Ididn'texpectthismuchwork,'buttheydon't.They'rejustworkinghardandthey'renotgivingup.”Livinginalowinemunity(社區(qū)),thegirlshaveseentheproblemofhomelessnessfirsthand,whichiswhytheychosethatpopulationtocreateaproductfor.Manyofthemarealsofromimmigrantfamiliesandhopethesolarpoweredsheltermighthelprefugees(難民).SeventeenyearoldMaggieMejiasaidthatwhileshehadnoengineeringexperience,thegirlsfiguredoutasateamhowtocreatetheprototype(雛形),usinghowtovideosandbooksthattaughtthemhowtocode.Butthemostimportantlessonshe'slearnedoverthecourseoftheprojectisn'ttechnical.“I'velearnedalotabouthelpingothers,helpingthemunityandshowingabetterworldtootherpeople,”shesaid.ThegirlshavebeeninvitedtoMITtoshowtheirinvention.MardirosiansaysalltheparticipatingstudentshaveexpressedinterestingoingintoSTEM(science,technology,engineering,mathematics)fieldsandthatstudentsfromlowergradesarealreadyexpressinginterestinbeinginvolvednextyear.Shesays,“Manyofthemdidn'tthinkaboutengineeringbefore.Theythoughtmaybethey'renotmadeouttobeanengineer.Butworkingtogether,nowtheyrealizethey'reallneededinthisfield.Everyonehasfoundtheirimportanceinthispicture.”24.WhydidMardirosianthinksomegirlswouldquitthesubject?A.Itwasnotpracticalinreallife.B.Itdemandedalotoftimeandenergy.C.Itwasnotsupportedbytheirmathteacher.D.Itrequiredalotofmoneyandexpertknowledge.25.Whydidthegirlsdecidetocreateasolarpoweredshelter?A.Tosaveenergy. B.Towinascholarship.C.Tohelpthehomeless. D.TobeadmittedtoMIT.26.AccordingtoMaggie,whatisthemostvaluablelessonshehaslearnedfromtheproject?A.Howtocode. B.Thepowerofteamwork.C.Thewaytoteachherself. D.Howtomaketheworldabetterplace.27.WhatdoesMardirosianthinkoftheproject?A.Ittaughtgirlstobeindependent. B.Itshouldbecontinuednextyear.C.Itinspiredgirls'interestinSTEM. D.Itshowedtheimportanceofengineering.CGoingbacktoschoolcanbeananxioustimeformanystudents.ButoneinstitutioninTexasisdoingitsparttomakesuremiddleschoolersarereturningrefreshedandinspiredtolearn.Throughaprocesscalledthe"bathroominspirationproject,"teachersandadministratorsatWarrenMiddleSchool,spenttheirsummerbeautifyingtheschool'srestroomsbypaintingmotivationalmurals(壁畫)oneachofthestalls(小隔間).Formingmessageslike"Yourmistakesdon'tdefineyou"and"Scatter(撒播)kindness,"thebrightlycoloredwordsareexactlywhatayoungstudentneedstoseewhenhavingaroughdayoranyschooldayforthatmatter.Andnowthatclassesareofficiallyinsession,peoplearealreadynoticingapositiveimpact.SincepostingphotosofupgradestotheschoolinJuly,PrincipalJoshuaGarciasaysthatthealterationshavearousedagreatresponse."Studentshavebeentalkingaboutthemuralsfromthemomentthepictureshadbeenposted.Someeventookthetimetofindareasontoeuptothecampustoseethemurals,"hesays."Ithinkwhatmakesthissmalllittleactionsovaluableisthatithassetthetoneforourcampus."Andnotonlyisthatimportanttostudents,parents,andfellowstaff,butitisalsovitalfortheschool'snewprincipal,whoistryingtogainthetrustofthemunityduringatimeinwhichtrustissonecessaryforschools."Beingnewtothecampus,IthinktheparentswereabletoseehowmuchIvaluetheirchildrenandhavetheirbestinterestatheart,”Garciacontinues.“Ihavehadmanyparentstellmehowtheycanjustfeeladifferenceinthecampusclimateandhowmuchtheyareenjoyingseeingtheirchildrenwantingtoehere.Thesemuralshaveputtrustbackinthecampusanditsteachers,andbydoingsoweareabletobuildacultureinwhichourstudentswanttobehereandlearn.”28.WhathashappenedatWarrenMiddleSchool?A.Paintinghasbeepopularamongmoststudents.B.Somestudentshavesufferedgreatanxietyatschool.C.Itstoiletshavebeenbeautifiedwithinspiringwords.D.Motivationalmuralshavebeenmadeineachclassroom.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"alterations”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Rules. B.Arguments. C.Changes. D.Opportunities.30.What'sstudentsandparents'attitudetowardthosemurals?A.Negative. B.Ambiguous. C.Uninterested. D.Supportive.31.WhatdoesGarciaintendtodoaccordingtothetext?A.Reduceincreasinganxiety.B.Buildanartisticatmosphere.C.Createatrustingenvironment.D.Introduceanewculturetosociety.DAdoverestedonatelephonewire.Readyfortakeoff,itraisesitswings,springsintotheairandflapsaway.Thisseriesofactionsissomonthatyouprobablydonotpayitmuchattention.ButUniversityofManchesterbioinechanicalengineerBenParslewdoes.Heistryingtodesignrobotsthatcanjumplikebirds.Mostconventionalrobotsrollaroundonwheels,limitingmobility.Thereisaneedformoreagilerobotsthat"canjumpoverobstaclesinmessyenvironments,"Parslewsays.Todesignsuchamachine,heturnedtonature:"Birdsarereallygoodjumpers,"henotes.Thetroubleis,whenbirdsstarttotakeoff,theyleansofarforwardthattheyshouldtipoverandfallontotheirbeaks(喙).Yetthatdoesnothappen.Parslewandhisteamusedputermodelingtodiscoverhowbirdsavoidthisfate.Theydiscoveredthatbirdstwisttheirbodiesslightlytowardsthebackwhileacceleratingintoajump.Theyalsohaveflexiblelegsandtoejoints,whichpreventthemfromtakingoffbrieflyandimmediatelycrashingintotheground.TheresultwerepublishedlastOctoberinRoyalSocietyOpenScience.Parslewthinksengineerscanusethisinformationtodesignrobotsthatcannotonlyjumpwellbutalsolaunchintoflightmore.efficiently.UniversityofSouthernCaliforniabiomechanistMichaelHabib,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysspringsandlevers(杠桿)enablemorerapidaccelerationthanwheelsdo.Andmanyanimalsaremastersofspringsandlevers.“Ifyoucanunderstandhowthatworks,”Habibadds,“youcanbuildarobotthat'sgoodatrunningaroundandgoodatflying,anditwillalsobegoodattakingoffsuddenlyinallkindsofconditionsandlandingonadime.”Parslewisnowdesigningsucharobot,asanalternativetowheeledroversforexploringotherplanets.32.WhatisrightaboutthedovementionedinParagraph1?A.Ittakesoffverybeautifully. B.Itcatcheseveryone'sattention.C.ItgivesBenParslewinspiration. D.ItraisesBenParslew’scuriosity.33.Whatcanweinferaboutthetraditionalrobots?A.Theycan'tjumpoverbarriers. B.Theycanonlymoveinonedirection.C.Theycan'tdetectbarriersbeforethem. D.Theycan'tadapttoplexenvironments.34.Howdoesabirdavoidfallingwhentakingoff?A.Bygettingridofgravity. B.Byflappingitswingshard.C.Byspinningitsbodybackward. D.Byjumpingintotheairquickly.35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Birdsprovideinspiration.forhumans.B.Newrobotsthatcanjumphavebeencreated.C.ThedevelopmentofrobotsbenefitsspaceexploreD.Studyingbirds'jumpinghelpsscientistbuildbetterrobots.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Campingessentials(必需品)Campingcanbeafunandcheapfamilyactivityorvacation.Butyoudoneedquiteafewsuppliestomanagelifeinthegreatoutdoors.___36___.Andremembertocheckyourcampingessentials.TentUnlessyou’resleepingunderthestarsoryouhaveacamperoranRV,don’tforgettheobviousone:atent!Checkthemeasurementsanduserreviewswhenyouarebuyingone.SleepingBagandPillowEveniftheweatherlookshotforyourcampingtrip,bringasleepingbagforeverycamper.Withoutapillow,youwouldbefacingarockynight’ssleep.___37___.___38___Flashlightsareanothercampingitem.Bringmultipleflashlightsandextrabatteries,andalsoconsiderbuyingacampinglantern.Lanternsaregreatbecausetheyshedmorelightinalldirectionsandstandontheirownsothatyoucanplaycardsorgamesatnight.TheAntiitchCreamKeepawayfrommosquitoes,blackfliesandotherbiters.Don’tforgettheantiitchcreamtoapplyafterinsectbites.___39___.Askdoctorsforwhichproductstouse.CampfireSuppliesMatchesstoredinaplasticbag,dryfirewoodanddrynewspapersareallyouneedforacampfire.___40___.Eachcampfireshouldhaveitsownstonecampfirespotandmanyalsoprovideacastironshelfforcookingon.Inaddition,thereareothercampingessentials,suchaskitchenitems,bottledfoodandwater,toiletpaper,firstaidkits,andbooksandgames.Alltheabovecanenrichyouroutdoorcamping.A.CardsorgamesB.FlashlightsandlanternsC.KidsalsolikehavingapillowforthelongcarrideD.Bringclothesforalltypesofweather,fromhottorainydaysE.Findoutwhatyou’llneedtopackforyourcampingadventureF.YouandyourkidscandoaquickhuntfordrywoodforyourfireG.Justkeepinmindthatmanysprayscontainhighlevelsofchemicals第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwon’tforgetmyvoluntaryexperienceawhileback.Italwaysremindsmewhatpeopletrulyneedisnotalwaysso___41___.Thisstoryisalessonwhichhasstayedwithmeandhelpedmeeversince.ItwasThanksgivingandIwasvolunteeringwithmymotherata___42___fortheneedy.Westoodbehindthecounter___43___foodtowhoevercamein.Itseemedthatmostofourdinershadbeenhaving___44___times.Theirclotheswereragged,wornanddry;theywerehungryandtired.___45___,theylookedneedy!Whenwewerebusywiththeunluckyfellows,awelldressedmancameinwholooked___46___butpoor.Iwonderedwhathewasdoingthereandmyjawdroppedin___47___whenhejoinedthelineforfood.Thecloserhecametomyservicestation,themoreImuttered.Whatwasthismandoing?Iwantedtoknow.Surelyhewasn’tgoingtotakethefood___48___forthosereallyinneed!Hehadsmalltalkswith___49___andthelookonhisfacesuggestedthathejustwishedto___50___beingalone.Thenmymother___51___tookmetooneside,saying,“Youhave___52___thattheneedsofthepeoplewhoeheremustbepurely___53___:hunger,inadequateshelter,clothing,etc.Butthisgentlemanseemstohavenoneofthoseproblems.Whatifhisneedsareemotional?Whatifheneeds___54___,friends,orjusttobeamongotherhumanbeings?”Herwords___55___melikeatonofbricks!IfeltlikeIshouldapologizetotheman,butIdidn’t.Aboutaweeklater,froman___56___source,theshelterreceivedalargedonation.Ican’thelpbut___57___ifitcamefromthatman.NowwheneverImeetothers,Iremembermymother’swordsandtrytosendkindnessandblessingstothem,___58___howtheylook.Needsaren’talwaysvisible.Maybeemotional___59___isnotonlytheloneliestfeeling,butthemostdifficultneedtoget___60___.Butkindnessalwaysmakesadifference.41.A.immediate B.universal C.obvious D.similar42.A.station B.hospital C.canteen D.shelter43.A.distributing B.processing C.appointing D.reserving44.A.enjoyable B.smooth C.rough D.permanent45.A.Invain B.InBrief C.Inparticular D.Incontrast46.A.anything B.nothing C.everything D.something47.A.sorrow B.amazement C.delight D.relief48.A.lent B.paid C.meant D.rewarded49.A.theorganizer B.thevolunteer C.thedonor D.thepoor50.A.escape B.appreciate C.promise D.represent51.A.violently B.quietly C.angrily D.curiously52.A.grasped B.supposed C.doubted D.confirmed53.A.practical B.mental C.personal D.physical54.A.food B.ine C.fort D.clothes55.A.hit B.persuaded C.attracted D.injured56.A.unbelievable B.unique C.unwilling D.unknown57A.forecast B.wonder C.imagine D.reflect58.A.regardlessof B.butfor C.apartfrom D.dueto59.A.support B.character C.behavior D.hunger60.A.advocated B.solved C.met D.provided第II卷非選擇題(50分)第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Lastweek,sevenyearoldCharlotteBenjamin___61___(bee)ahouseholdname,andaherotoyounggirlseverywhere,___62___herhandwrittenlettertotheLEGOpanywentpublic.Inherletter,Charlotteplainsaboutthelackof___63___(diverse)inLegocharacters.Here’swhatshewrote:“DearLegopany,MynameisCharlotte.TodayIwentto___64___storeandsawLegosintwosections—thegirls’pinkandtheboys’blue.___65___allthegirlsdidwastositathome,gotothebeach,andshop,andtheyhadnojobsb