2015年11月英語(yǔ)二級(jí)筆譯真題及答案(筆譯實(shí)務(wù)

2015年11月英語(yǔ)二級(jí)筆譯真題及答案（筆譯實(shí)務(wù)）Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following two passages into Chinese.Passage 1 Apple may well be the only tech company on the planet that would dare compare itself to Picasso. In a class at the companys internal University, the instructor likened the 11 lithographs that make up Picassos The Bull to the way Apple builds its smartphones and other devices. The idea is that Apple designers strive for simplicity just as Picasso eliminated details to create a great work of art. Steven P Jobs established Apple University as a way to inculcate employees into Apples business culture and educate them about its history, particularly as the company grew and the tech business changed. Courses are not required, only recommended, but getting new employees to enroll is rarely a problem. Randy Nelson, who came from the animation studio Pixar, co-founded by Jobs, is one of the teachers of Communicating at Apple. This course, open to various levels of employees, focuses on clear communication, not just for making products intuitive, but also for sharing ideas with peers and marketing products. In a version of the class taught last year, Nelson showed a slide of The Bull, a series of 11 lithographs of a bull that Picasso created over about a month, starting in late 1945. In the early stages, the bull has a snout, shoulder shanks and hooves, but over the iterations, those details vanish. The last image is a curvy stick figure that is still unmistakably a bull. You go through more iterations until you can simply deliver your message in a very concise way, and that is true to the Apple brand and everything we do, recalled one person who took the course. In What Makes Apple, Apple, another course that Nelson occasionally teaches, he showed a slide of the remote control for the Google TV, said an employee who took the class last year. The remote has 78 buttons. Then, the employee said, Nelson displayed a photo of the Apple TV remote, a thin piece of metal with just three buttons. How did Apples designers decide on three buttons? They started out with an idea, Nelson explained, and debated until they had just what was needed - a button to play and pause a video, a button to select something to watch, and another to go to the main menu. The Google TV remote serves as a counterexample; it had so many buttons, Nelson said, because the individual engineers and designers who worked on the project all got what they wanted. But, Apples designers concluded, only three were needed.Passage 2 Equipped with the camera extender known as a selfie stick, occasionally referred to as “the wand of narcissism,” tourists can now reach for flattering selfies wherever they go. Art museums have watched this development nervously, fearing damage to their collections or to visitors, as users swing their sticks with abandon. Now they are taking action. One by one, museums across the United States have been imposing bans on using selfie sticks for photographs inside galleries (adding them to existing rules on umbrellas, backpacks, and tripods ), yet another example of how controlling overcrowding has become part of the museum mission. The Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington prohibited the sticks this month, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston plans to impose a ban. In New York, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which has been studying the matter for some time, has just decided that it, too, will forbid selfie sticks. New signs will be posted soon. “From now on, you will be asked quietly to put it away,” said Sree Sreenivasan, the chief digital officer at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “Its one thing to take a picture at arms length, but when it is three times arms length, you are invading someone elses personal space.” The personal space of other visitors is just one problem. The artwork is another. “We do not want to have to put all the art under glass,” said Deborah Ziska, the chief of public information at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, which has been quietly enforcing a ban on selfie sticks but is in the process of adding it formally to its printed guidelines for visitors. Last but not least is the threat to the camera operator, intent on capturing the perfect shot and oblivious to the surroundings. “If people are not paying attention in the Temple of Dendur, they can end up in the water with the crocodile sculpture,” Mr. Sreenivasan said. “We have so many balconies you could fall from, and stairs you can trip on.” At the Met on Thursday, Jasmine Adaos, a selfie-stick user from Chile, expressed dismay. “Its just another product,” she said. “When you have a regular camera, its the same thing. I dont see the problem if youre careful.” But Hai Lin, a student from Shandong, China, conceded that the museum might have a point. “You can hit people when theyre passing by,” she said.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following two passages into English.Passage 1 2000年，中國(guó)建成北斗導(dǎo)航試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，這使中國(guó)成為繼美、俄之后世界上第三個(gè)擁有自主衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的國(guó)家。 雖然目前它的精度與GPS還有一定差距，但它具備了GPS沒有的短信通信和位置報(bào)告的功能。在沒有手機(jī)信號(hào)的地方，用戶也可以通過(guò)該系統(tǒng)發(fā)送短信。 008年四川汶川大地震后，災(zāi)區(qū)電話無(wú)法接通，手機(jī)信號(hào)中斷。救援人員將北斗導(dǎo)航終端帶入災(zāi)區(qū)，及時(shí)保持了與外界的通訊聯(lián)絡(luò)。 該系統(tǒng)的位置報(bào)告功能可以幫助交通管理部分掌握行駛車輛的位置，及時(shí)疏導(dǎo)交通，緩解交通擁堵狀況。 雖然北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)是中國(guó)獨(dú)立發(fā)展、自主運(yùn)行的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)，但這并不影響它與世界上其他衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的兼容性。用戶同時(shí)使用北斗和GPS這兩種導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)時(shí)，定位和導(dǎo)航效果會(huì)更好。 Passage 2 中國(guó)和歐洲是兩大戰(zhàn)略力量，肩負(fù)推動(dòng)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、促進(jìn)人類文明進(jìn)步、維護(hù)世界和平的崇高使命，雙方正在形成不斷放大的戰(zhàn)略交集。中國(guó)是最大的新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家，歐盟是最大的發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體，“最大”與“最大”交融、一切都有可能，“新興”與“發(fā)達(dá)”攜手、優(yōu)勢(shì)就會(huì)倍增，中歐在新興和發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體合作中可以成為典范。 中國(guó)和歐洲分處歐亞大陸的兩端，這塊大陸是世界上面積最大的大陸，也是人口最多的大陸，市場(chǎng)空間廣闊，發(fā)展機(jī)遇巨大。中歐都主張國(guó)際關(guān)系民主化，在許多國(guó)際重大事務(wù)上有共同利益，雙方關(guān)系具有越來(lái)越重要的全球影響。中歐都有偉大的文明，中國(guó)推崇“和而不同”，歐盟倡導(dǎo)“多元一體”， 13億多中國(guó)人與7億多歐洲人命運(yùn)相連、前途相關(guān)，中歐在不同文明包容互鑒中可以成為引領(lǐng)。2015年11月CATTI二級(jí)筆譯真題參考答案英譯漢 Passage 1大師兄點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文來(lái)自紐約時(shí)報(bào)，英語(yǔ)二級(jí)筆譯歷年題目都有紐約時(shí)報(bào)的文章，2015年11月兩篇都是來(lái)自此報(bào)紙。由于眾所周知的原因該報(bào)紙的網(wǎng)址無(wú)法打開。 本文有幾個(gè)地方容易翻譯錯(cuò)誤。首先第二段中“the 11 lithographs that make up Picassos The Bull”，很多人會(huì)翻譯成“構(gòu)成了畢加索公牛這幅畫的11幅平版印刷畫”，顯然這是錯(cuò)誤的。這里需要了解一個(gè)背景，那就是畢加索為創(chuàng)作公牛這幅畫前后畫了11個(gè)版本，而最后的成片就是幾條簡(jiǎn)約的曲線。所以正確的翻譯是“畢加索為創(chuàng)作公牛而連易十稿”。 第二個(gè)難點(diǎn)就是第五段中“You go through more iterations until you can simply deliver your message in a very concise way”。這句話需要先翻譯后面的部分，而前面的部分要翻譯成否定的意思。短語(yǔ)go through的意思是“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)過(guò)；檢查”。整個(gè)句子的參考譯文是“直到你能以一種非常簡(jiǎn)潔的方式簡(jiǎn)單地傳達(dá)你的設(shè)計(jì)思想，否則你的版本還是要不停地改”。其他部分并無(wú)難度。詳見參考譯文。大師兄翻碩參考譯文： 蘋果很可能是地球上唯一一個(gè)敢說(shuō)自己像畢加索的科技公司。 在蘋果公司內(nèi)部大學(xué)的一節(jié)課上，蘋果的講師稱畢加索為創(chuàng)作公牛而連易十稿的精神與蘋果設(shè)計(jì)智能手機(jī)和其他設(shè)備的方式有異曲同工之妙，那就是：蘋果的設(shè)計(jì)師力求簡(jiǎn)潔，畢加索為創(chuàng)作驚世之作而刪去細(xì)枝末節(jié)。 史蒂芬P喬布斯創(chuàng)建蘋果大學(xué)是為了向員工灌輸蘋果的企業(yè)文化，并讓他們知道蘋果的歷史，特別是在公司不斷成長(zhǎng)、科技行業(yè)日新月異的時(shí)代。 蘭迪尼爾森以前在動(dòng)畫電影公司皮克斯公司，而這家公司的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人也是喬布斯?，F(xiàn)在他是“在蘋果學(xué)溝通”課程的一名講師。這門面向所有級(jí)別員工開放的課程專注于教授清晰溝通的技巧，而這不僅僅是為了讓蘋果的產(chǎn)品更簡(jiǎn)潔易懂，也為了讓員工和他們的同事交流想法以及營(yíng)銷蘋果的產(chǎn)品。 在去年上的這門課上，尼爾森在電腦上放映了一張公牛的幻燈片，那是畢加索從1945年后期起花一個(gè)多月連畫11張才創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的。在早期的版本中，這頭牛有口鼻部、肩胛骨和梯子，但隨著版本的一再更改，這些細(xì)節(jié)消失了。最終的一張圖就是一個(gè)曲線狀物，不過(guò)還是一眼就能認(rèn)出那是頭牛。 “直到你能以一種非常簡(jiǎn)潔的方式簡(jiǎn)單地傳達(dá)你的設(shè)計(jì)思想，否則你的版本還是要不停地改，這一點(diǎn)對(duì)蘋果品牌和我們所做的每件事來(lái)說(shuō)都是如此?！币晃粎⒓舆^(guò)該課程的學(xué)習(xí)者這樣回憶到。 一位去年參加過(guò)該課程的員工說(shuō)道，在“什么造就蘋果？是蘋果自己”這門尼爾森先生不經(jīng)常上的課程中，他展示了一張谷歌電視遙控器的幻燈片。這個(gè)遙控器有78個(gè)按鍵。隨后那個(gè)員工說(shuō)，尼爾森先生又展示了一張?zhí)O果電視的遙控器，而它只有三個(gè)按鍵。 蘋果設(shè)計(jì)師是如何決定只設(shè)計(jì)三個(gè)按鍵的呢？尼爾森解釋道，設(shè)計(jì)師們先拿出一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)方案，然后討論這個(gè)方案直到他們明白一個(gè)遙控器上只要這三個(gè)鍵就夠了一個(gè)控制影片播放和暫停的按鍵，一個(gè)選擇頻道的按鍵，和一個(gè)返回主菜單的按鍵。 尼爾森先生說(shuō)，谷歌電視遙控就是一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)方面的反面教材按鍵太多，因?yàn)閰⒓犹O果遙控器設(shè)計(jì)工作的每個(gè)工程師和設(shè)計(jì)師都得到了他們想要的東西。Passage 2大師兄點(diǎn)評(píng)： 本文同樣來(lái)自紐約時(shí)報(bào)，需要注意的是對(duì)文中幾個(gè)博物館的翻譯，如Museum of Fine Arts in Houston正確的翻譯是“休斯頓美術(shù)博物館”，fine arts是美術(shù)的意思，而不能翻譯成“精致藝術(shù)”；Metropolitan Museum of Art的正確翻譯是“大都市美術(shù)博物館”；Temple of Dendur的正確翻譯是“丹鐸神廟”，以上這些都是專有名詞，嚴(yán)格意義上講其中文翻譯都已經(jīng)約定俗成了。第四段中這個(gè)句子較為難翻譯“Its one thing to take a picture at arms length, but when it is three times arms length, you are invading someone elses personal space”，其中“at arms length”字面意思是“胳膊的長(zhǎng)度”，可以翻譯成“在胳膊長(zhǎng)的范圍內(nèi)”，這個(gè)句子的譯文就是“在一手臂長(zhǎng)的范圍內(nèi)拍照是一回事，但你用自拍桿在三倍于手臂的范圍內(nèi)拍照卻是另外一回事，因?yàn)槟氵@是在侵犯別人的個(gè)人空間”。大師兄翻碩譯文： 配備了被稱為自拍桿的相機(jī)延長(zhǎng)器后，游客現(xiàn)在走到哪里都能拍出漂亮的自拍照，而這種自拍桿有時(shí)也被稱為“自戀魔杖”。 藝術(shù)博物館都謹(jǐn)慎地關(guān)注用自拍桿自拍這一趨勢(shì)的發(fā)展，因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心游客在用自拍桿忘情自拍時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)館內(nèi)藏品和其他游客造成傷害?，F(xiàn)在博物館都采取了行動(dòng)。美國(guó)各地的博物館正相繼出臺(tái)禁令，禁止在館內(nèi)使用自拍桿拍照（這讓自拍桿繼雨傘、背包、三腳架之后上了博物館的黑名單），而這也再次證明，管控過(guò)度擁擠已成了博物館任務(wù)的一部分。 本月，華盛頓的赫什霍恩博物館和雕塑公園禁止了自拍桿，休斯頓的美術(shù)博物館也計(jì)劃發(fā)布禁令。紐約的大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館也剛做出決定：館內(nèi)禁止使用自拍桿。禁止自拍桿的標(biāo)識(shí)將會(huì)快張貼出來(lái)。而此前大都會(huì)博物館已對(duì)此問(wèn)題研究好一段時(shí)間了。 “從現(xiàn)在起，游客將被委婉要求把自拍桿收起來(lái)，”大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館的首席數(shù)據(jù)官斯里斯里尼瓦桑說(shuō)，“在一手臂長(zhǎng)的范圍內(nèi)拍照是一回事，但你用自拍桿在三倍于手臂的范圍內(nèi)拍照卻是另外一回事，因?yàn)槟氵@是在侵犯別人的個(gè)人空間?！?其他游客的個(gè)人空間遭侵犯只是自拍桿引起的一個(gè)問(wèn)題。另一個(gè)問(wèn)題是對(duì)館藏藝術(shù)品的傷害?！拔覀円膊幌氡黄劝巡仄贩诺讲Ａд构窭铮蔽挥谌A盛頓的國(guó)家藝術(shù)館的首席公共信息官德博拉齊什卡說(shuō)。該館已低調(diào)執(zhí)行禁自拍桿的禁令，目前正在把這一禁令正式加到紙質(zhì)版的游客指南上。 還有一點(diǎn)很重要，自拍桿對(duì)相機(jī)操作者也是個(gè)危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槟切┮恍南胫绾闻某鐾昝雷耘牡娜藭?huì)因此忽視了周圍環(huán)境?！霸诘よI神廟，人們?nèi)绻涣羯窬蜁?huì)掉入有鱷魚雕塑的水中，”斯里尼瓦桑先生說(shuō)，“如果不注意，游客可能會(huì)從這里的諸多陽(yáng)臺(tái)上掉下來(lái)，或者絆倒在臺(tái)階上。” 周四，來(lái)自智利的自拍桿使用者賈絲明阿道思表達(dá)了對(duì)禁止自拍桿這一規(guī)定的失望。她說(shuō)：“當(dāng)你用普通相機(jī)拍照就沒事，可是用自拍桿拍照與之是一回事。只有自拍者小心點(diǎn)，用自拍桿拍照我就不覺得有什么不妥?！辈贿^(guò)來(lái)自中國(guó)山東的學(xué)生林海也承認(rèn)，博物館禁自拍桿的做法可能也有道理?！坝腥私?jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，你可能會(huì)打到別人，”她說(shuō)。漢譯英Passage 1In 2000, China produced the Beidou Navigation Testing System, which made China the third country possessing the autonomous navigation system after the United States and Russia.Although the system is inferior to GPS in terms of its positioning precision, it has functions GPS does not possess, including text message communication and reporting of position. Every at places without access to cellphone signals, cellphone users can still send text message via this system.In the Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008, the telephone communication in the area was cut off due to failure of the cellphone signals. Bringing Beidou Navigation system terminals into the earthquake stricken area, the rescue teams managed to maintain the areas contact with the outside world. The systems position reporting function informs the communication departments of the positions of the vehicles on the roads so that they can relieve the congestion by diverting the traffic. The system, while developed and operated independently by China, is compatible with other globalsatellite navigation systems. The users will have a better effect of positioning and navigation using both BD and GPS at the same time.Passage 2大師兄點(diǎn)評(píng)： 本文來(lái)自2014年10月11日李克強(qiáng)總理在中歐論壇漢堡峰會(huì)第六屆會(huì)議上的主旨演講，演講的題目為樹立互利共贏的新標(biāo)桿。 本文的翻譯難度并不大，都是翻譯練習(xí)常見的詞句，例如：“國(guó)際關(guān)系民主化”、“命運(yùn)相連”、“和而不同”等。這些譯文的翻譯都比較固定，分別是“democratic international relations”、“shared/common destiny”和“harmony without uniformity”等。詳見官方譯文。官方譯文： China and Europe are two major strategic forces. We both undertake the lofty mission of promoting global economy, advancing human civilization and progress and safeguarding world peace. The two sides are expanding their converging strategic interests. China is the largest emerging mark