2023-2024學(xué)年上海交大附中高三上10月月考英語試題及答案

高中PAGE1高中上海交通大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三英語十月月考試卷（滿分150分，120分鐘完成。答案請寫在答題紙上。）I.ListeningComprehension(25’)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Gotocatchthenexttrain. B.Listentothetrafficreport.C.Gotothecitybyothertransportation. D.Checktheweekendschedule.2.A.Itdoesn’ttakealongtimetogetthere. B.Thelectureshavebeenputoff.C.Thereisnoneedtohurry. D.Thelectureshavealreadystarted.3.A.ThewomanshouldhavegonetoParisearlier.B.HestudiedFrenchinadifferentwayinhighschool.C.LifeinParishelpedimprovethewoman’slanguageskills.D.ThewomanmusthavehadagoodteacherinParis.4.A.Shethinksthepostofficeisnearby. B.Sheisalsolookingforthepostoffice.C.Shethinkstheman’sguessisright. D.Shedoesn’tknowwherethepostofficeis.5.A.Hercoatissimilartotheman’s. B.Themanneedn’thavebroughtthecoat.C.Hersweaterisnotwarmenough. D.Themanshouldn’thavewornasweater.6.A.Makesuretheregistrationofficedidn’tmakeamistake.B.Decidewhethertodropthecourseinthefirstweek. C.Findoutifaplaceopensupinthecourselater.D.Takethecourseofthecreativewritingnextyear.7.A.HerecentlyspentamonthinNewYork. B.Hecanrecommendmanythingstodo.C.Hesuggeststhewomanextendhertrip. D.Hebetsthewomanwillhavefunthere.8.A.Disappointed. B.Excited. C.Proud. D.Embarrassed.9.A.Hetalkslessthanheusedto. C.Heshouldn’thavebehavedsoproudly. D.Hehasnevertalkedtoherafterthegame.10.A.Themanshouldhavehadhiscarinspectedearlier.B.Therearealwaysalotofpeopleattheautoinspectioncenter.C.Shewaitedlongerthanthemandidtohavehercarinspected.D.Theautoinspectioncenterwillcloseattheendofthemonth.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andpassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Thetruck’soverspeeding. B.Thetruck’sheavyload.C.Theterribleweather. D.Thepedestrians’carelessness.12.A.Therelocationofseveralfactories. B.Thecompany’spayoffer.C.Thehighrateofunemployment. D.Theunion’sdemand.13.A.Theywillincreasebyathirdthisyear. B.Theyhavebeenrisinginthelastfiveyears.C.TheaveragepriceofahouseintheUKis￡255,900.D.Theymakeitextremelydifficultforthoseonthepropertyladdertobuyahouse.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.B.Whymiceareparticularlyfearfulanimals.C.Whetherfearfulnessisinheritedornot.D.Howanimalsreacttofrighteningsituations.15.A.Theywanderedaroundthebox. B.Theybredagainandagain.C.Theycouldn’tfindahidingplace. D.Theyremainedclosetoonewall.16.A.Somechangesinthenervoussystem. B.Theinterferencefromhumanbeings.C.Thesizeofnervecellsinthebrain. D.Theexistenceofcertainnervecells.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Inthewoman’shometown. B.Intheman’shometown.C.Outsidetheirhometown. D.Inasmalltown.18.A.Choosewhicheverfriendcangivethebesttoast.B.Choosewhicheverfriendcanplanthereception.C.Choosewhicheverfriendknowsalltheirin-laws.D.Choosewhicheverfriendknowsalotaboutweddings.19.A.Thebride’sfamily. B.Aweddingplanner.C.Thegroom’sfamily. D.Thenewcouple.20.A.Shedoesn’tthinkitisatradition.B.Shethinkshermother-in-lawcanplantheweddingwell.C.Shethinksitwillcosttoomuchtohaveaweddingplanner.D.Shedoesn’twantherweddingtobeinthechargeofsomeoneunknowntoher.II.GrammarandVocabulary(20’)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,

useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A) Whatisnirvana(涅槃、超脫)forapotato?Tobeslicedandbathedinboilingoilbefore____21____(emerge)asaFrenchfry?Tohaveitsweightmatchedinbutterandcreamandbetransformedintogloriousmoundsofmash?No.Theanswerisfoundinaplasticbag.Forapotato,thereisnonoblerfatethantoendupinapacketofTaytocheese-and-onioncrisps. Taytosaretheperfectcrisps.ThecompanywasestablishedinIrelandin1954byJoeMurphy.Hewasnottheinventorofcrisps,buthehasbeencredited____22____transformingthem.Untilthentherewasnowaytoflavourtheindividualcrisps____23____.Instead,eachbagcamewithasmallbluepacketofsalt____24____(shake)overthecontents. Murphystartedwithartificialflavoursofcheeseandonion.Thepairingisaclassic,andtheflavourcombineswellwithpotatoes.“Potatoes,”____25____(write)SeamusHeaney,oneofIreland’sgreatestpoets,“promisethetasteofgroundandroot”.The____26____(poetic)mightdescribethemasabitplain.Sprinkledwiththesaltyumami(鮮味)ofMurphy’sseasoning,however,theybecameacut-pricesensation. TaytosremaintheclassicIrishcrisp,butnowtheyareavailableelsewhere,____27____,ofcourse,manyotherbrandsofflavouredcrispsare.Thatisamixedblessing.Onceuponatimeevenindustriallyproducedfoodshadalimitedrange.Totravelwastodiscovernotonlythecookinginotherplaces,butthesnacks.GoingtoFrancewasachancetochug(一飲而盡)abottleofOrangina,afizzydrink.Forme,Taytoswere____28____once-a-yeartreat,tobeeatenonabeachinsouth-westIrelandshiveringafteranicyswimorsweatingatthetopofamountain.Thankstoaglobalisedfoodsystemandtheappetitesofhomesickmigrants,suchitemsarenowavailablefarbeyondtheirlandsoforigin. Thatshiftresultsinthelossofamodestjoy.AtfirstglanceabagofTaytosistheoppositeofaseasonalorlocalfood.____29____(enclose)intheirsilveryplastic,theysurviveinallseasonsandlocales.Andyet,formeatleast,thesepotatosnacksareentangledwiththeirIrishroots.Theingeniousseasoningshouldtastenodifferent____30____IaminaLondonparkorinMurphy’shomeland.Butsomehowitdoes.(B) Areyouafraidofgettingold?____31________31________31____wegetpasttheageof25,manyofusimmediatelyfeeltheurgetostopthesignsofageing—especiallythevisibleones.Menandwomenarenowusingtopical“anti-ageing”creams,spatreatmentsandmedicalprocedures____32____(counter)manyofthem. ____33____thesemethodscansomewhataffectthewayyoulook,ageingisaninternalprocess.Anewstudyhasfoundexactlywhenduringyourlifetimethisprocesspeaks. AgroupofscientistsbasedoutoftheStanfordUniversitySchoolofMedicinehavediscoveredthat____34________34____beingasmooth,continuousprocess,ageingsurgesforwardatthreedistinctstagesoflife:first,attheageof34,thenatage60,andfinallyat78. Thestudy,publishedinNatureMedicine,revealsthatscientistscannotonlypredictyouragebystudyingtheproteome(proteinlevelsintheblood)butalsodeterminewhichorgansareageingfasterthan____35________35____,andwhichage-relateddiseasesyourbodyismorelikelytodevelop.Thestudymeasuredplasmaproteins(血漿蛋白)collectedfrom4,263adultsbetweentheagesof18-95yearsandstudiedthechangesintheproteomethatoccurredwithage. Theirultimategoalwastounderstandhowtoidentifythechangesassociatedwithcardiovascularissuesandage-relateddiseaseslikeAlzheimer's____36________36____therapeutictreatmentscanbedevisedtocountertheironsetwhilethere'sstilltime.

DrTonyWyss-Coray,oneoftheleadingmembersofthestudy,toldStanfordMedicineNewsCenter,“We'veknownforalongtimethat____37____(measure)certainproteinscangiveyouinformationaboutaperson'shealthstatus—lipoproteins(脂蛋白)forcardiovascular(心血管的)health,forexample.Butit____38____(notappreciate)thatsomanydifferentproteins'levels—roughlyathirdofalltheoneswelookedat—changemarkedlywithadvancingage.” Thisdifferencebetweenthechronological(按時間計算的)andphysiological(生理的)age,accordingtothescientists'“plasma-proteinclock”,showedthatalotofpeopleinthestudyseemedyoungerthantheyactuallyare.What'smore,thestudyalsoconfirmedthatmenandwomen,thoughequally____39____(represent)inthestudy,agedifferently. Doesthismeanmedicationsandlifestylemethods,withfurtherresearch,canalsobedevisedtohelp____40____agestoorapidlyandisatriskofcontractingage-relateddiseaseslikehypertensionandAlzheimer's?Youneverknow.SectionB:Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.inclusively B.case C.disciplinary D.concerned E.right F.decisiveG.account H.throw I.dismissed J.recover K.seriously TheBritishMuseumhassackedamemberofstaffandimposed“emergencymeasures”toincreasesecurityafteritfounditemsfromitscollectiontobemissing. Itlaunchedanindependentreviewofsecurityafteritemsincludinggoldjewelleryandgemsofsemipreciousstonesandglassdatingfromthe15thcenturyBCtothe19thcenturyADwerefoundtobemissing,stolenordamaged. Legalactionagainstthe____41____memberofstaffwillbetakenandthematterisalsobeinginvestigatedbytheeconomiccrimecommandoftheMetropolitanpolice. GeorgeOsborne,themuseum’schair,said:“ThetrusteesoftheBritishMuseumwereextremely____42____whenwelearnedearlierthisyearthatitemsofthecollectionhadbeenstolen. “Thetrusteeshavetaken____43____actiontodealwiththesituation,workingwiththeteamatthemuseum.Wecalledinthepolice,imposedemergencymeasurestoincreasesecurity,setupanindependentreviewintowhathappenedandlessonstolearn,andusedallthe____44____powersavailabletoustodealwiththeindividualwebelievetoberesponsible. “Ourpriorityisnowthreefold:first,to____45____thestolenitems;second,tofindoutwhat,ifanything,couldhavebeendonetostopthis;andthird,todowhateverittakes,withinvestmentinsecurityandcollectionrecords,tomakesurethisdoesn’thappenagain. “Thisincidentonlyreinforcesthe____46____forthereimaginationofthemuseumwehaveembarkedupon.It’sasaddayforallwholoveourBritishMuseum,butwe’redeterminedto____47____thewrongsandusetheexperiencetobuildastrongermuseum.” HartwigFischer,themuseum’sdirector,said:“Thisisahighlyunusualincident.Wetakethesafeguardingofalltheitemsinourcare____48____.Themuseumapologisesforwhathashappened,butwehavenowbroughtanendtothis–andwearedeterminedtoputthingsright.Wehavealreadytightenedoursecurityarrangementsandweareworkingalongsideoutsideexpertstocompleteadefinitive____49____ofwhatismissing,damagedandstolen.Thiswillallowusto____50____oureffortsintoourworktoensurethestolenitemsarereturnedtothemuseum.”III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext. Iownamarketresearchcompany,soIunderstandtheimportanceofgatheringdatafromyourtargetaudienceandusingthatdatainordertomakeproductdevelopment.Ialsoknowthatsurveyscanprovide____51____informationthat'sextremelyvaluabletoourclients. Butthequalityofthedatayougetasanoutputfromsurveysisonlyasstrongashowwellyou____52____thesurveyquestions.OneofthemainpitfallsIseeteamsmakeiswritingleadingquestionsthatmightgetthecompanyresultstheywanttohear,butthoseresultsarenotalways____53____. BelowarecommonwaysI'veseencompaniesaskleadingquestionsandhowtoavoidthem: 1.Don'tmakeassumptionsforyourparticipants. “Howwelldoyouthinkwedeliveredonyourproject?”impliesyourteamdidagoodjob.Tomakeitmoreobjective,____54____toask,“Howdidwedeliveronyourproject?”It'sasubtlechange,butthesecondquestiontakesouttheimplicitbias. 2.Balancetheoptionsfromwhichparticipantscanchoose. Let'ssayyouwanttoknowthelevelofsatisfactionordissatisfactioncustomershavewithyourproductorservice.Ifyouaskthisinamultiple-choiceformat,youneedtoensurethe____55____isbalancedforbothpositiveandnegativeresponses.Thefollowingoptions,forexample,wouldnotwork: ?Extremelysatisfied ?Verysatisfied ?Satisfied ?Somewhatunsatisfied ?Unsatisfied Asaruleofthumb,ifyouhave“extremely”onthepositiveend,youshouldhave“extremely”onthenegativesideaswell,andgivea(n)____56____optioninthemiddleofthescale. 3.Don't'leadthewitness'(orparticipant). Again,ifyou'reseeking____57____(andyoushouldhavestartedwithknowingwhyyou'reconductingthesurveyinthefirstplace),youdon'twanttoputstatementsinfrontofaquestionthatwillleadparticipantsto____58____inacertainway. ____59____,mycompanyworksalotwitheducationaltechnologycompanies.Wewouldneverwriteaquestionsuchasthis:“Mostofthepeoplewhousethiseducationaltechnologyproductsaythattheadaptiveandpersonalizednatureoftheproductisbetterthanothersonthemarket.Whatdoyouthink?”Thisisbecause,now,theparticipantknowsexactlywhatwewantthemtothink. 4.Avoiddouble-barrelquestions. Bemindfulaboutincludingtwoquestionsinoneand____60____howaparticipantcanrespond.Sayyourananeventforcustomers;youwouldn'twanttoask,“Whatdoyouthinkaboutthelocationandthequalityofthespeakers?”andthenhavemultiplechoiceoptionswheretheyarereallyonlyabletorespondtoonequestion. Theymighthavelovedthevenuebuthatedyourpresenters.The____61____ofthedatayougatheriscompromisedwhenyouputquestionstogether. 5.Don'twritecoercivequestions. Thesequestionsdon'tsitwell.Inmyexperience,theytendtocomeupmoreincustomer____62____surveysandemployeesurveyswhenyoureallywanttobeabletohighlightthepositives.Examplesofcoercivequestionsinclude:"You'llleaveusapositiveGoogleReview,won'tyou?""You'lltellyourfriendstovisitourrestaurant,right?"Naturally,thesearefullofbias,sotheyshouldbeavoided____63____. Knowwhatthegoalsofyoursurveyare.Ifyouwanttogetdatathat____64____biases,yes,leadingquestionscanhelpyougetthosedatapoints.Buttheintegrityofthedatacannotbetrustedwhenyou'renotwritingquestionsina(n)____65____wayforyourparticipantstoanswer.51. A.quantitative B.controversial C.mysterious D.proper52. A.craft B.pave C.tempt D.anchor53. A.delightful B.dominant C.accurate D.independent54. A.repeat B.rephrase C.restore D.refresh55. A.portion B.category C.thread D.scale 56. A.random B.informative C.sacred D.neutral57. A.instinct B.gratitude C.truth D.harmony58. A.reverse B.respond C.deny D.compete59. A.Inaddition B.Forinstance C.Afterall D.Aboveall60. A.limiting B.spilling C.inserting D.distracting61. A.integrity B.endurance C.exploitation D.highlight62. A.discrimination B.satisfaction C.transition D.perseverance63. A.ongoodterms B.bynomeans C.atallcosts D.tosomeextent64. A.conserves B.entitles C.seals D.includes65. A.isolated B.objective C.selected D.reflectiveSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A) Inwinter,Hammerfestisathirty-hourridebybusfromOslo,thoughwhyanyonewouldwanttogothereinwinterisaquestionworthconsidering.Itisontheedgeoftheworld,thenorthernmosttowninEurope,aplaceofdarkandfiercewinters,wherethesunsinksintotheArcticOceaninNovemberanddoesnotriseagainfortenweeks. IwantedtoseetheNorthernLights...butnowaslpickedmywaythroughOsloinlateDecember.Iwasbeginningtohavemydoubts. Thingshadnotstartedwell.Ihadoversleptatthehotel,missingbreakfast,andhadtoleapintomyclothes.Icouldn'tfindataxiandhadtodragmyover-weightedbageightblockstothecentralbusstation.IhadhadhugedifficultypersuadingthestaffattheKreditkassenBankonKarlJohansGatetocashsufficienttraveller'schequestopaythe1,200-kronerbusfaretheysimplycouldnotbemadetograspthattheWilliamMcGuireBrysononmypassportandtheBillBrysononmytraveller'schequeswerebothme-andnowherelwasarrivingatthestationtwominutesbeforedeparture...andthegirlattheticketcounterwastellingmethatshehadnorecordofmyreservation. 'Thisisn'thappening,'Isaid.'I'mstillathomeinEnglandenjoyingChristmas...'Actually,Isaid,'Theremustbesomemistake.Pleaselookagain.' Thegirlstudiedthepassengerlist.'No,MrBryson,yournameisnothere.' ButIcouldseeit,evenupside-down.'Thereitis,secondfromthebottom.' 'No,'thegirldecided,'thatsaysBerntBjornson.That'saNorwegianname.' 'Itdoesn'tsayBerntBjorson.ItsaysBillBryson.Lookatthey,thetwols.Miss,please,’Butshewouldn'thaveit.'IfImissthisbus,whendoesthenextonego?' 'Nextweekatthesametime.' Oh,splendid. 'Miss,believeme,itsaysBillBryson.' 'No,itdoesn't.' 'Miss,look,I'vecomefromEngland.I'mcarryingsomemedicinethatcouldsaveachild'slife.'Shedidn'tbuythis.'lwanttoseethemanager.' 'He'sinStavanger.' 'Listen,Imadeareservationbytelephone.IfIdon'tgetonthisbus,I'mgoingtowritealettertoyourmanagerthatwillcastashadowoveryourcareerprospectsfortherestofthiscentury.'Thisclearlydidnotalarmher.Thenitstruckme.'IfthisBemtBjorsondoesn'tshowup,canlhavethisseat?' 'Sure.' Whydon'tIthinkofthesethingsinthefirstplace...? 'Thankyou,'Isaid...66.WhatcanbelearnedfromthepassageaboutHammerfest?A.ItislocatedintheSouthofthecityofOslo.B.ItiswheretheNorthernLightscanbeseen.C.Itremainsatownwithoutsufficientpowersupply.D.ItremainsinthedarknessfromNovembertillnextMarch.67.Thewritergottothestationjusttwominutesbeforethetrain'sdeparturebecausehespentmuchtime_____.A.cashinghistraveller'scheques B.findingaplacetohavebreakfastC.waitingforataxitosendhimthere D.choosingsuitableclothestowear68.By“Oh,splendid”,thewritermeantthatheactuallyfelt_____.A.puzzled B.amazed C.worried D.relieved69.Whydidthewritersayhewascarryingsomemedicineandhewouldwritetothemanager? A.Totellthegirlwhathereallywantedtodo. B.Toshowthegirlhowangryhewaswithher.C.Towarnthegirlofthepotentialconsequences. D.Topersuadethegirltogivehimaseatonthebus.(B) Careforazoom-inobservationofanimalswithnobarsbetweenyouandtheobservedasopposedtoordinaryzoos?Wheretohaveclose-upencounterswithsomeoftheworld’smostrareanimals？Wearerevealingforyou：Rightwhales,BayofFundy,Canada Northernrightwhalesareonthebrinkofextinction,butsurvivorsarriveintheBayofFundyeachsummer(MaythroughOctober)tofeedeastofGrandMananIsland.Theyarerecognizedbyabroadbackandnodorsalfin,whichdistinguishthemfromotherwhalesenteringthebay. Planning:Whale-watchingtoursoperateoutofDigbyNeckpeninsulaonNovaScotiaandnearbyislands,suchasBrierIsland.St.Andrews.GrandMananIsland.andDeerIsland.2.Grizzlybears,Alaska Grizzlieslikesalmon.Inmid-Julyandagaininmid-August,grizzliesmakeforAlaskanriverstohookoutthefishwiththeirformidableclaws.Thebearsgatherinlargenumbersatrapidsandpools,sometimesfightingforthebestsites.BrooksFallsinKatmaiNationalPark,andFishCreek,nearHyder,haveviewingplatforms. Planning:Mostfishingsitesarereachedbycharteredlightaircraftandahike.HyderisofftheSwart-CassiarHighway.3.Monarchbutterflies,SierraChincua,MexicoEachfall,millionsofNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfliesmigratethousandsofmilestotheoyalmelfirforestsoftheTransvolcanicMountainRange,inthestateofMchoacdn.Theyflockintimately(closely)ontreetrunks,bushes,andontheground,fullyshowingtheirgregariousnatureandoccupySierraChincuaandfourneighbouringhillsthatmakeuptheMonarchButterflyBiosphereReserve.Planning:ChineuaisoneoftwohillsinthereserveopentothepublicfromNovemberthroughMarch.Komododragons,KomodoIsland,IndonesiaLandingonKomodo,youwouldfeellikesteppingbacktoatimewhendinosaursruledtheEarth,asparkmapsreported,“Herebedragons!”Thismountainousvolcanicislandishometotheworld'slargestlivinglizardtheKomododragon.Weighing79to91kg.theKomododragonhasatailaslongasitsbody.YoucanhiketoaviewpointatBanugulungandwatchasparkrangersfeedfoodtothelizards,someofwhicharemorethan10ft(3m)long.Planning:KomodoisreachedsolelybyboatfromBima(oneasternSumbawa)orLabuanBajo(onwesternFlores).5.Wildebeestmigration,Serengeti,Tanzania Undoubtedlytheworld'smostspectacularwildlifesightistheannualwildebeestmigration,when1.4millionwildebeestand200,000zebrasandgazellesareonthemoveacrosstheSerengetiplains.Theanimalsaretrekkingtochasethecleanwaterandfreshgrass.Alongtheway,lionsandhyenasstalkthem,andcrocodileslieinwait.Planning:TheherdsmigrateacrossTanzaniafromDecemberthroughJuly,andthenpassthroughtheMasaiMarainKenyainAugustandSeptember.70. Theunderlinedwordgregariousisclosestinmeaningto________________. A.beingabletoclimb B.preferringgroupliving C.migratinginsmallnumbers D.moderateintemper71. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage? A.Rightwhalesaredistinguishedfromotherwhalesbyuniqueappearancefeatures. B.Viewingspotsforgrizzlybearsareaccessiblebyairandonfoot. C.KomodoIslandislocatedeastofFloresandWestofSumbawa D.Wildebeestherdstraveltopursuefavourablefoodconditions.72. LiHuaisanadventurousvisitorlongingforcloserlookatanimals.HeistakingagapyearanddoingvoluntaryworknowinIndonesia.HewillgobacktoChinaandfurtherhisstudynextfall.Whichofthefollowingwillbethemostreasonablewildlife-watchingrouteafterhefinisheshisvoluntaryworkthiswinter? A.Alaska→BayofFundy→SierraChincua→Serengeti B.Serengeti→Alaska→BayofFundy→SierraChincua C.BayofFundy→SierraChincua→Serengeti→Alaska D.SierraChincua→Serengeti→Alaska→BayofFundy(C) ManyAmericansharborafalseandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.FergusClydesdale,headofthedepartmentoffoodscienceandnutritionattheUniversityofMassachusetts-Amherst,pointsoutthatifthedangersfrombacteriallypollutedchickenwereasgreatassomepeoplebelieve,“thestreetswouldbelitteredwithpeoplelyinghereandthere.” Thoughthepublicincreasinglydemandsno-riskfood,thereisnosuchthing.BruceAmes,chairmanofthebiochemistrydepartmentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,pointsoutthatupto10%ofaplant’sweightismadeupofnaturalpesticides.Sayshe:“Sinceplantsdonothavejawsorteethtoprotectthemselves,theyemploychemicalwarfare.”Andmanynaturallyproducedchemicals,thoughoccurringintinyamounts,proveinlaboratoryteststobestrongcarcinogens-asubstancewhichcancausecancer.Mushroomsmightbebannediftheywerejudgedbythesamestandardsthatapplytofoodadditives.DeclaresChristinaStark,anutritionistatCornellUniversity:“We’vegotfarworsenaturalchemicalsinthefoodsupplythananythingman-made.” Yettheissuesarenotthatsimple.WhileAmericanshavenoreasontobeterrifiedtositdownatthedinnertable,theyhaveeveryreasontodemandsignificantimprovementsinfoodandwatersafety.Theyunconsciouslyandunwillinglytakeintoomuchoftoomanydangerouschemicals.Iffoodalreadycontainsnaturalcarcinogens,itdoesnotmakemuchsensetoadddozensofnewman-madeones.Thoughmostpeoplearesubjecttothesmallamountsofpollutantsgenerallyfoundinfoodandwater,atleastafewindividualswillprobablygetcanceronedaybecauseofwhattheyeatanddrink. Tomakegoodfoodandwatersuppliesevenbetter,theGovernmentneedstotightenitsregulatorystandards,enhanceitsinspectionprogramandstrengthenitsenforcementpolicies.Thefoodindustryshouldmodifysomelong-acceptedpracticesorturntolessriskyalternatives.Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.Theproblemsthatneedtobetackledexistallalongthefood-supplychain,fromfieldstoprocessingplantstokitchens.73. WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheAmericans’viewoftheirfood? A.Theyoverstatethegovernment’sinterferencewiththefoodindustry. B.Theyareoveroptimisticaboutthesafetyoftheirfood. C.Theyoverestimatetheriskofthefoodtheyeat. D.Theyoverlookthepotentialdangercausedbythefood.74. Theauthorconsidersitimpossibletoobtainno-riskfoodbecause________. A.nofoodisfreefrompollutionintheenvironment B.pesticidesarewidelyusedinagriculture C.manyvegetablescontaindangerousnaturalchemicals D.almostallfoodshavehazardousadditives75. Bysaying“theye