高考英語?？贾袊幕x寫專練：寒食節(jié)+潑水節(jié)

Lesson3ColdFoodDay寒食節(jié) HaishiDay(orColdFoodDay)istheverydayjustbeforetheQingmingFestival(alsonamedTombSweepingFestival,orClearandBrightFestival).Onthedayeveryyear,nofireorsmokeisallowedandpeopleshalleatcoldfoodforthewholeday. Accordingtothelegend,thedayisinmemoryofJieZhituiwholivedintheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC).重耳(獻(xiàn)公子)晉文公 JiewasagoodofficialintheJinState,workingforCrownPrinceChong'er.WhenJinStatewasindisorder,Chong'erwasforcedtoleaveforotherstateswithhisfollowersandsupporters,includingJie.Onthewayofexiletheywentthroughallkindsofhardshipsanddifficulties.TosavethestarvingChong'er,JieevencutthefleshoffhisownlegandboiledforChong'er.Afterbecomingtheking,Chong'erbegantoforgetJiesoon.Jiewassosadthathepreparedtoleaveandliveinseclusionwithhismotherinmountains.重耳(獻(xiàn)公子)晉文公介子推 Chong'erfeltsoblamworthythatheinpersonwenttothemountainstolookforJie.Foritwasimpossibletofindhimintheendlesstreesandhills,Chong'erorderedtosetthemountainonfire,soastoforceJieout.ButJiedidn'tshowup;heandhismotherwerefoundtobedeadinarmsafterthefirewasputout,togetherwithanotewrittenbyhiminblood:Icutoffmyownfleshtodevotetoyou,onlytowishmykingwillalwaysbeclearandbright."介子推 InordertokeepinmemoryofJieZitui,Chong'erorderedtomakethedayHaishiDay,alsonamedColdFoodDay.AndontheColdFoodDayeveryyear,nofireorsmokewasallowedandpeopleshouldeatcoldfoodforthewholeday. ItwasnotuntiltheQingDynasty(1644-1911)about300yearsagothatthepracticeofHanshi(oreatingcoldfood)wasreplacedbythatofQingming,whichhadnowbecomeanimportantoccasionforpeopletooffersacrificestotheirancestors.(348words)◆Helper:exile

['eksa?l]\o"真人發(fā)音"流放seclusion

[s??klu:?n]\o"真人發(fā)音"隱居sacrifice['s?kr?fa?s]\o"真人發(fā)音"獻(xiàn)祭，供奉\o"真人發(fā)音"◆ChineseBriefIntroduction: 寒食節(jié)亦稱“禁煙節(jié)”、“冷節(jié)”、“百五節(jié)”，在夏歷冬至后一百零五日，清明節(jié)前一二日。是日初為節(jié)時(shí)，禁煙火，只吃冷食。并在后世的發(fā)展中逐漸增加了祭掃、踏青、秋千、蹴鞠、牽勾、斗卵等風(fēng)俗。寒食節(jié)相傳是源于春秋時(shí)代的晉國，是為了紀(jì)念晉國公子的臣子介子推。晉國公子重耳，流亡外國19年，介子推護(hù)駕跟隨，立下大功，重耳返國繼位，即晉文公，唯忘介子推，想請(qǐng)介子推上朝領(lǐng)賞，介子推堅(jiān)辭不來，晉文公便親自去請(qǐng)。介子推就背著老母，躲入綿山。晉文公前往尋找，卻怎么也找不到。于是他放火燒山，想把介子推逼出來。不料介子推卻和母親抱著一株大樹，寧愿燒死，也不出山。晉文公傷心地下令把綿山改稱介山（即山西介休市境內(nèi)的介山），又下令把介子推被燒死的那一天定為寒食節(jié)，以后年年歲歲，每逢寒食節(jié)都要禁止生火，吃冷飯，以示追懷之意。◆Exercise:I.Questions:1.WhendoesHaishiDayhappen?2.WhatkindoffoodarepeopletoeatonHaishiDay?3.WhatdoyouthinkofJieZitui?II.TasksofReadingandWriting:閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇不少于150詞左右的英語短文。Halloweenisverypopularinwesterncountries.OnOctober31st,dozensofchildrendressedincostumes（節(jié)日服裝）knockontheirneighbors'doorsandyell"TrickorTreat"whenthedooropens.Piratesandprincesses,ghostsandpopularheroesofthedayallholdbagsopentocatchthecandyorothergoodiesthattheneighborsdropin.Astheygiveeachchildatreattheneighborsexclaimoverthecostumesandtrytoguesswhoisunderthemasks.Todayschooldancesandneighborhoodpartiescalled"blockparties"arepopularamongtheyoungandtheold.MoreandmoreadultscelebrateHalloween.Theydressuplikehistoricalorpoliticalfiguresandgotomasqueradeparties（化妝舞會(huì)).Inlargercities,costumedchildrenandtheirparentsgatheratshoppingmallsearlyintheevening.Storesandbusinessesgivepartieswithgamesandtreatsforthechildren.Teenagersenjoycostumedancesattheirschoolsandthemoreoutrageousthecostumethebetter!Certainpranks（惡作?。﹕uchassoapingcarwindowsandtippingovergarbagecansareexpected.ButpartyingandpranksarenottheonlythingsthatHalloweenersenjoydoing.Somecollectmoneytobuyfoodandmedicineforneedychildrenaroundtheworld.[寫作內(nèi)容]1.以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；2.以不少于120詞就“中西節(jié)日的不同”為主題寫篇短文，并包含以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：(1)你還知道哪些西方節(jié)日？你印象中的西方節(jié)日有哪些特點(diǎn)？(2)請(qǐng)具體講述一個(gè)你熟悉的中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日；(3)你更喜歡中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，還是西方節(jié)日？為什么？[寫作要求] 你可以使用實(shí)例或其它論述方法支持你的論點(diǎn)，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不要抄襲閱讀材料中的句子。Lesson4Water-SplashingFestivaloftheDaiPeople傣族潑水節(jié)Water-SplashingFestivalisthemostceremonioustraditionalfestivaloftheDaiminority.Itusuallytakesplaceinmid-Aprilofthesolarcalendar,oftentendaysbeforeoraftertheTomb-sweepingDay,andlaststhreetosevendays.Water-SplashingFestivalistheNewYearintheDaicalendar,andalsoafestivalwiththelargestinfluenceandmaximumparticipatingpopulationamonglotsofminorityfestivalsinYunnanProvince.Inthisfestival,theDaiPeoplewithoutreferencetoageandsexwillgetdressedupandshouldercleanwatertotheBuddhistTemple.TheywillfirstbathetheBuddhaandthenbegintosplashwaterwithoneanotherforwishingluck,happinessandhealth.Themorewateronepersonissprinkled,themoreluckhe/shereceives,andthehappierhe/shewillbe.DaiPeoplewillalsoinvitepeoplefromotherethnicminoritiesandtouristscomingfromafartosplashwatertocelebratethefestival.Thesceneofwatersplashingandsprayingisreallydelighting,andwhengettingexcited,peoplewillburstoutthehurrahlike"shui(water),shuiandshui".Besideswatersplashing,therearealotofotherconventionsintheWater-splashingFestival.Childrenwillcutdownbamboostomakesquirtgunandplaywatergame.Peoplewithoutreferencetoageandsexarealldressedupandclimbupthemountainingroupstopickupwildflowerstomakeflowerhouse.Youngpeoplewhoarenotmarriedthrowspecially-madebagstopaycourttoeachother.AndpeopleletoffGaoshengfireworksandKongmingLamptomemorializethewisdomofZhugeLiangintheancientThreeKingdomsPeriod.Additionally,therearesomeotherconventionssuchasDragonBoatRace,ReleaseofPaper-madeRiverBoat,PeacockDancingandCockfighting.Inthefestival,peoplewilldecoratetheirownresidenceceremoniouslysothatthedoorframeandwindowofeveryhouseholdarepastedwithvariouspapercutting.Decoratedarchways,whosetopstandsagoldenpeacockthatsymbolizeshappinessandgoodluck,arealsoputupatthemainstreetsinthetown.

Water-SplashingFestivalwasonceareligiousceremonyinIndianBrahmanismandthenabsorbedbyBuddhismandpassedtotheDairegioninYunnanProvinceviaBurma.Ithasenjoyedahistoryofsevenhundredyearsuptonow.Atpresent,theconventionofwatersplashinghasactuallybecomeaformofmutualwishingbetweenoneanother.IntheeyeoftheDaiPeople,waterisasymbolofsanctity,beautyandbrightness.Onlywatercanhelpeverythingontheearthgrow,sowateristhegodoflife.（439words）◆Helper:splash

[spl??]\o"真人發(fā)音"使（液體）濺起solarcalendar[?s?ul??k?lind?]\o"真人發(fā)音"陽歷maximum

['m?ks?m?m]\o"真人發(fā)音"最大值的participate[pɑ:'tisipeit]\o"真人發(fā)音"參加某事sprinkle['spri?kl]\o"真人發(fā)音"灑，撒afar[?'fɑ:(r)]從遠(yuǎn)處，遙遠(yuǎn)hurrah[h?'rɑ:]\o"真人發(fā)音"好哇；萬歲convention[k?n?ven?n]\o"真人發(fā)音"習(xí)俗，規(guī)矩squirt[skw?:t]\o"真人發(fā)音"噴，注射器paycourtto追求（女人）,求愛doorframe['d?:freim]\o"真人發(fā)音"門框Brahmanism

[?brɑ:m?nizm]\o"真人發(fā)音"婆羅門教Burma['b?:m?]\o"真人發(fā)音"緬甸sanctity['s??kt?ti]\o"真人發(fā)音"圣潔，神圣◆ChineseBriefIntroduction:潑水節(jié)是傣族最隆重的節(jié)日，也是云南少數(shù)民族中影響面最大，參加人數(shù)最多的節(jié)日。源于印度，是古婆羅門教的一種儀式，后為佛教所吸收，約在公元十二世紀(jì)末至十三世紀(jì)初經(jīng)緬甸隨佛教傳入中國云南傣族地區(qū)，至今已數(shù)百年。潑水節(jié)是傣族的新年，相當(dāng)于公歷的四月中旬，一般持續(xù)3至7天。第一天傣語叫“麥日”，與農(nóng)歷的除夕相似；第二天傣語叫“惱日”（空日）；第三天是新年，叫“叭網(wǎng)瑪”，意為歲首，人們把這一天視為最美好，最吉祥的日子。潑水節(jié)的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容豐富，這期間，大家用純凈的清水相互潑灑，祈求洗去過去一年的不順，新的一年帶著美好的愿望再次出發(fā)。其它的還有丟包、放高升、劃龍舟，跳象腳鼓舞、放河船、斗雞、跳孔雀舞等，人們身著盛裝，喜氣洋洋，場(chǎng)面極為熱鬧。◆Exercise:I.Questions:1.WhendoesWater-SplashingFestivalhappen?2.AreDaiPeopletheonlyoneswhocanparticipateinWater-Splashing?3.WhichfestivalofHanpeopleisWater-SplashingFestivalsimilarto?4.Fromthepictureinthetext,canyoufindwhichfamousleaderofthePRCtookpartinWater-Splashing?5.ListsomeactivitiesappearingintheWater-SplashingFestivalbesideswater-splashing?6.Whatdoesitmeanifyouarewateredmuch?II.Writtenwork假如你是21stcentury的一位編輯，主持Q/A欄目，美國游客David給報(bào)社寫信說，在云南旅游時(shí)，適逢傣族的潑水節(jié)，他對(duì)被潑水很是不解。請(qǐng)你在Q/A欄目中給與回復(fù)。要求包括潑水節(jié)上的誤解、解釋、和建議三個(gè)方面。SuggestedAnswers3.ColdFoodDayI.Questions:1.WhendoesHaishiDayhappen?Key:JustbeforetheQingmingFestival.Thisyear,itfallsonApril4,2018.2.WhatkindoffoodarepeopletoeatonHaishiDay?Peopleshouldeatcoldfoodforthewholeday.3.WhatdoyouthinkofJieZitui?Key:Hewasloyal,devotedtohismaster.II.TasksofReadingandWriting:OnOctober31st,peopleinwesterncountriesdressthemselvesincostumestocelebrateHalloween.Schooldancesandneighbourhoodpartiesarepopularonthatday.Jokesareplayedforfun.Manywesternfestivalsareverypopularallovertheworld,suchasChristmas,ThanksgivingDay,AprilFool’sDayandsoon.Personally,Ithinkthewesternfestivalsareromanticandexciting.Colourfuldecorationsarefilledwithallstreets.Peoplewillgathertogetherandholdparties.Theyhaveagoodtimesinginganddancingduringtheparties.TraditionalChinesefestivalsarepopulartoo.TheMid-autumnFestivalismyfavourite.Itfallsonthefifteenthdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.Onthisday,themoonissaidtobeitsbiggestandbrightestsopeoplemeetintheeveningandwatchthemoon.Thisfestivalisimportantbecauseitisaspecialoccasionforfamily.Thetraditionalfood,mooncakes,aremadewithbeanpaste,butnowadaystheremanydifferentkindsofmooncakes,includingfruit,coffeeandevenice-creammooncakes.Inmyopinion,IpreferthetraditionalChinesefestivalstowesternfestivals.Chinahasalonghistoryanditsfestivalsarefullofculturalmeanings.Chinesepeopleenjoyfood,thetraditionalactivitiesofthefestivalsaswellastheloveoftheirmotherland.4.Water-SplashingFestivaloftheDaiPeopleI.Questions:1.Itusuallytakesplaceinmid-Aprilofthesolarcalendar,oftentendaysbeforeoraftertheTomb-sweepingDay.2.No.DaiPeoplewillalsoinvitepeoplefromotherethnicminoritiesandtouristscomingfromagreatdistancetosplashwatertocelebratethefestival.3.TheSpringF