2022年青海省海東市高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

2021-2022學(xué)年青海省海東市高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題考生注意：1.本試卷共150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATherearemanyfamouslakesinChina.Thefollowingaresomeofthem.WestLake,HangzhouWestLakeisagiftofnature.LocatedinthewestpartofHangzhouandsurrounded(圍繞)bygreenhills,thislakeisfamousforbeautifulscenery,alotofhistoricalsitesandnativeproducts.Inaddition,WestLakecanalwaysbeseeninpaintings.KanasLake,XinjiangKanasLakeisoneofthedeepestlakesinChina.Itishometoabout800kindsofplantsandmorethan100kindsofbirds.Surroundedbysnow-cappedmountainsandthickforest,thelaketakesondifferentcolorsindifferentseasons.KanasLakeisalsoamysterious(神秘的)place,andit’ssaidthatlargecreatureshavebeenseeninit.ErhaiLake,YunnanLocatedinthenorthwestpartofDaliCity,YunnanProvince,ErhaiLakeisaplateau(高原)lake.Asthelakehasashapeofanear,itgetsthenameErhai.Called“thepearlonplat-eau”foritsbeautifulscenery,itisalsooneofthemostattractiveplacesinYunnan.YamdrokLake,TibetSurroundedbybeautifulsnow-cappedmountains,thislakeisfedbymanysmallstreams.Withanareaof675squarekilometers,thislakehaslargelakesidegrassland,whichservesashighlandpastures(牧場).Therearelotsoffishlivinginthelake,whicharecaughtbylocalpeople.FromApriltoOctober,fishcaughtinthislakearesoldatthemarketinLhasa.1.Whichlakeispreferredbypaintersaccordingtothetext?A.YamdrokLake. B.KanasLake. C.ErhaiLake. D.WestLake.2.WhatdoKanasLakeandYamdrokLakehaveincommon?ATheyarefedbymanysmallrivers.B.Theycanserveashighlandpastures.C.Theyaresurroundedbysnow-cappedmountains.D.Theyarefamousforalotofstrangeanimals.3.WhydoesErhaiLakegetitsname?A.Itlookslikeanear. B.Itisverybeautiful.C.Itisaplateaulake. D.Ithasmanystories.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了中國的一些著名的湖泊?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WestLake,Hangzhou”部分關(guān)鍵句“Inaddition,WestLakecanalwaysbeseeninpaintings.”（此外，西湖總是可以在畫中看到。）可知，西湖總是可以在畫中看到，也就是說，畫家喜歡畫西湖，由此可推斷出，畫家們喜歡的湖是西湖。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“KanasLake,Xinjiang”部分關(guān)鍵句“Surroundedbysnow-cappedmountainsandthickforest,thelaketakesondifferentcolorsindifferentseasons.”（湖被白雪皚皚的群山和茂密的森林所環(huán)繞，在不同的季節(jié)呈現(xiàn)出不同的顏色。）可知，新疆喀納斯湖被白雪皚皚的群山所環(huán)繞；根據(jù)“YamdrokLake,Tibet”部分關(guān)鍵句“Surroundedbybeautifulsnow-cappedmountains,thislakeisfedbymanysmallstreams.”（這個(gè)湖被美麗的白雪皚皚的群山環(huán)繞，由許多小溪組成。）可知，西藏羊卓雍湖也被白雪皚皚的群山所環(huán)繞，由此可知，喀納斯湖和羊卓雍湖的共同點(diǎn)是它們都被雪山環(huán)繞。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ErhaiLake,Yunnan”部分關(guān)鍵句“Asthelakehasashapeofanear,itgetsthenameErhai.（由于這個(gè)湖有耳朵的形狀，所以得名洱海。）可知，洱海之所以有這個(gè)名字是因?yàn)樗雌饋硐褚恢欢?。故選A項(xiàng)。BLivingontheFloridaEmeraldCoast,peopleviewahurricaneasacommonthing.Soitisnotunusualforafamilytohaveseveralfullgascansandbottledwaterstoredintheirhousesallsummer.Thoughunwillingtoevacuatefromahurricane,onSeptember15,myfamilywasforcedtoleaveourhomeformygrandfather'shouseseveralmilesaway.WespenttheearlypartofthateveningwatchingthehurricanedrawcloserontheWeatherChannel.Aroundnineo'clock,aloudsoundshookthehouse,turnedovertheroofandcarrieditoff.Sooncameanindoorrainstorm.Realizingthedamage,mygrandfatherbegantobeafraid.Thestormhadstarted,buthestillranoutintotheheavyrainandwindtoseehowmuchoftheroofwasleft.Wegothimbackinside.Ihadneverseenhimsoscared.Momfinallyaskedhimtoliedowninhisroom.Theleakhadprogressedrapidly.Itsoonbecamearaceagainsttimetoprotectwhatwassaved.Somepeoplemaythinkitnecessarytosavematerialthings,butIhopedtosavethoseitemswithemotionalvalue,suchasthephotos.Istillfearedthestorm,butImorefearedtheinfluenceitbrought.Thenextmorning,itstartedtoclearup.Thankfully,myfamilyweatheredthestorm,thoughthesamecouldnotbesaidforthehouse.Onlythewoodenbeamsremained,butinsidemanyofhisthingsweresafe.MymomandIhadworkedtirelesslythroughthenight.Itwaslate,butwewerestillunwillingtogotobed.Wediscussedtherebuildingofthehouse.Underthebeautifulsky,wesuggestedlookingaftermygrandfathermoreofteninthefuture.Afterthisdisaster,Irealizedthetruththatthehurricaneitselfwasnotsoterribleifwelovedeachother.4.Whydothepeoplestorefullgascansandbottledwater?A.Tosavemuchmoney. B.Towatchahurricaneeasily.C.Toprotecttheirhouseswell. D.Tobepreparedforhurricanes.5.Howdidtheauthor'sgrandfatherfeelduringthehurricane?A.Frightened. B.Surprised. C.Calm. D.Angry.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"weathered"inparagraph5mean?A.Preparedwellfor. B.Waitedpatientlyfor.C.Camesafelythrough. D.Sufferedseriouslyfrom.7.Whatmaytheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?A.Familyloveispowerful. B.Takethingsastheycome.C.Goodhealthisoverwealth. D.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一家度過颶風(fēng)的經(jīng)歷，作者也在這次經(jīng)歷中意識(shí)到了親情的珍貴和強(qiáng)大。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“LivingontheFloridaEmeraldCoast,peopleviewahurricaneasacommonthing.Soitisnotunusualforafamilytohaveseveralfullgascansandbottledwaterstoredintheirhousesallsummer.(生活在佛羅里達(dá)翡翠海岸的人們認(rèn)為颶風(fēng)是一件很平常的事情。因此，一個(gè)家庭在整個(gè)夏天都有幾個(gè)裝滿汽油的罐子和瓶裝水，這并不罕見)”可知，人們要儲(chǔ)存汽油罐和瓶裝水是為了為颶風(fēng)做好準(zhǔn)備。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Realizingthedamage,mygrandfatherbegantobeafraid.(祖父意識(shí)到這種損害后，開始害怕起來)”可知，作者的祖父在颶風(fēng)中感覺害怕。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Thenextmorning,itstartedtoclearup.Thankfully,myfamily”以及后文“thestorm,thoughthesamecouldnotbesaidforthehouse”可知，第二天早上，天開始放晴，雖然這所房子就不一樣了，但值得慶幸的是，作者一家安全度過了這場風(fēng)暴。故畫線詞意思是“安全度過”。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Underthebeautifulsky,wesuggestedlookingaftermygrandfathermoreofteninthefuture.Afterthisdisaster,Irealizedthetruththatthehurricaneitselfwasnotsoterribleifwelovedeachother.(在美麗的天空下，我們建議以后多照顧爺爺。在這場災(zāi)難之后，我意識(shí)到，如果我們彼此相愛，颶風(fēng)本身并沒有那么可怕)”可推知，作者從這個(gè)經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了親情是強(qiáng)大的。故選A。CNowadays,takingnonoticeofprotectingtheenvironmentleadstoproblemsincludingglobalwarming.Whilediscussingwithmydaughteraboutgoinggreen,IrememberedthedailypracticesinmosthouseholdsinIndia.Whatwedidwasactuallyhelpingourenvironmentandalsoprotectingourresources.Wedidallthisnaturally,withoutevenrealizingitsimportance.Wepreferredreusingpensinthepast.Weusedtohaveballpensusedagainandagainbychangingtherefillsandwealsousedinkpens,whichwererefreshednowandthenbyfillinginkinthemwhenrequired.Therewasnosuchthingasause-and-throwpen.Welovedtheprocessofcleaningthewritinginstruments.However,today,plasticpensthatdonotlastlongarerulingthestationery（文具）shops.Werecycledandreusednewspaperswithoutreallythinkingtwiceaboutit.Newspaperswerekeptcarefullyduringthosedaysbecausetheywereanimportantmaterialusedforpackingandstoring.Todayplasticbagshavebecomeimportant,Allthesematerialspolluteourlandandwaterandpreventallconservation(保護(hù))efforts.Publictransportwasacommonthingintheolddaysanditwassomuchfun.Nowadays.nooneseemstohavethepatiencetotakepublictransportandmanyconsiderittoosillyforthem.Sopeopletaketheircarsouteverydayandpollutetheenvironment,thinkingitmakesthemlookcool.Vehicular(車輛的)pollutionincitiesisthebiggestcontributortoenvironmentalproblems.Iamnotagainsttheusageofmoderntechnologies.Infact,ithashelpedmakeourlifecasier.Whilewecanusethesametechnologytogogreeninsteadofpollutingtheenvironment,weshouldalsogobacktoafewoldtraditionsthatareecofriendly.8.Howmanydailypracticesarementionedinthetext?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.9.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoradviseustodo?A.Useplasticbags.B.Gotoschoolbybus.C.Useuse-and-throwpens.D.Thrownewspapersaway.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Summarizetheaboveparagraphs.B.Addsomebackgroundinformation.C.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.D.Showsomereasonstothereaders.11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.FollowOldTraditionsB.GoGreenThenandNowC.TheEnvironmentIsWorseningD.ModernTechnologiesAreHarmful【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。短文介紹了無論是過去還是現(xiàn)在，人們都應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境，人們應(yīng)該回歸一些有利于生態(tài)的古老傳統(tǒng)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Wepreferredreusingpensinthepast.（過去我們更喜歡重復(fù)使用鋼筆）”；第三段第一句“Werecycledandreusednewspaperswithoutreallythinkingtwiceaboutit.（我們毫不猶豫地回收和再利用報(bào)紙）”和第四段第一句“Publictransportwasacommonthingintheolddaysanditwassomuchfun.（公共交通在過去很常見，而且很有趣）”，可知，課文中提到了三個(gè)日常習(xí)慣。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Publictransportwasacommonthingintheolddaysanditwassomuchfun.（公共交通在過去很常見，而且很有趣）”和倒數(shù)第二段中“peopletaketheircarsouteverydayandpollutetheenvironment,thinkingitmakesthemlookcool.Vehicular(車輛的)pollutionincitiesisthebiggestcontributortoenvironmentalproblems.（人們每天把他們的車開出去，污染環(huán)境，認(rèn)為這樣看起來很酷。城市里的車輛污染是環(huán)境問題的最大誘因）”，可知，作者建議我們“乘公共汽車上學(xué)”。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Iamnotagainsttheusageofmoderntechnologies.Infact,ithashelpedmakeourlifecasier.Whilewecanusethesametechnologytogogreeninsteadofpollutingtheenvironment,weshouldalsogobacktoafewoldtraditionsthatareccofriendly.（我并不反對(duì)使用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)。事實(shí)上，它讓我們的生活變得更美好。雖然我們可以用同樣的技術(shù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色，而不是污染環(huán)境，但我們也應(yīng)該回歸一些對(duì)生態(tài)友好的古老傳統(tǒng)）”，可知，作者在最后一段“總結(jié)以上段落”。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Nowadays,takingnonoticeofprotectingtheenvironmentleadstoproblemsincludingglobalwarming.Whilediscussingwithmydaughteraboutgoinggreen,IrememberedthedailypracticesinmosthouseholdsinIndia.Whatwedidwasactuallyhelpingourenvironmentandalsoprotectingourresources.Wedidallthisnaturally,withoutevenrealizingitsimportance.（如今，不注意保護(hù)環(huán)境導(dǎo)致了包括全球變暖在內(nèi)的問題。在和女兒討論環(huán)保問題時(shí)，我想起了印度大多數(shù)家庭的日常做法。我們所做的實(shí)際上是幫助我們的環(huán)境和保護(hù)我們的資源。我們自然地做了這一切，甚至沒有意識(shí)到它的重要性）”和最后一段中“Whilewecanusethesametechnologytogogreeninsteadofpollutingtheenvironment,weshouldalsogobacktoafewoldtraditionsthatareccofriendly.（雖然我們可以用同樣的技術(shù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色，而不是污染環(huán)境，但我們也應(yīng)該回歸一些對(duì)生態(tài)友好的古老傳統(tǒng)）”，可知，B項(xiàng)GoGreenThenandNow（過去和現(xiàn)在都要保護(hù)環(huán)境）為最佳主題。故選B。DSome128babysquidsfromHawaiiareinspaceforastudy.ThebabyHawaiiansquidscomefromtheUniversityofHawaii'sKewaloMarineLaboratory.Theyareabout7.6centimeterslong.ThereareplentyofthesetinyanimalsinHawaiianwaters.ThesquidswillcomebacktoEarthinJuly.TheyrodeonaSpaceXspacecraftalongwiththousandsofkilosofsuppliesfortheInternationalSpaceStationonJune3.JamieFosterisconductingthestudyasaresearcherattheUniversityofHawaiiwiththehelpofDr.MargaretMcFall-Ngai,amemberoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheHonoluluStar-Advertisernewspapersreportedthatshestudieshowspaceflightaffectsthesquids.Theresearch,startedin1989,canhelpscientistslearnabouthumanhealthduringlongtripsinspace.Squidshavearelationshipwithnaturalbacteriathathelpthemcontroltheirgivingofflight.Margaretsaid,“Whenastronautsareinlowgravity,theirbodies'relationshipwithbacteriachanges.Bacteriaareveryimportanttothehumanbodyandhealth.Therelationshipofhumanswithbacteriaisdisturbedinlowgravity,andJamiehasshownthatitistrueinsquids,"saidMargaret."And,becauseit'sasimplesystem,shecangettothebottomofwhathappens."“Asastronautsspendmoreandmoretimeinspace,theirimmunesystemsdon'tfunctionwell,”Jamiesaid."Theirimmunesystemsdon'trecognizebacteriaeasily.Theysometimesgetsick.Understandingwhathappenstothesquidsinspacecouldhelpsolvehealthproblemsthatastronautsface."Shesaid,"Theimmunesystemdoesnotworkproperlyonlongspaceflights.IfhumanswanttospendtimeonthemoonorMars,wehavetosolvehealthproblemstogetthemtheresafely.”12.What'sthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Toknowthesituationinspace. B.Tostudysquids'livingconditions.C.Tocheckastronauts'immunesystems. D.Tohelpsolveastronauts'healthproblems.13.Whydothesquidsbecometheobjectoftheresearch?A.Theyhavearelationshipwithspace.B.Theycancontroltheirgivingofflight.C.Theyhavesomethingincommonwithpeople.D.Theycansolvetheproblemsofnaturalbacteria.14.WhatisMargaret'sattitudetotheresearch?A.Uncaring. B.Positive. C.Uncertain. D.Curious.15.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inanovel. B.Inahistorybook. C.Inatravelbrochure. D.Inasciencemagazine.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究人員通過研究魷魚在太空中的反應(yīng)來幫助解決宇航員健康問題。介紹了選擇魷魚作為研究目標(biāo)的原因以及這一研究的重要意義。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theresearch,startedin1989,canhelpscientistslearnabouthumanhealthduringlongtripsinspace.(這項(xiàng)研究始于1989年，可以幫助科學(xué)家在太空長途旅行中了解人類健康)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Understandingwhathappenstothesquidsinspacecouldhelpsolvehealthproblemsthatastronautsface.(了解這些魷魚在太空中情況可能有助于解決宇航員面臨的健康問題)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究的目的是幫助解決宇航員健康問題。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Squidshavearelationshipwithnaturalbacteriathathelpthemcontroltheirgivingofflight.Margaretsaid,“Whenastronautsareinlowgravity,theirbodies'relationshipwithbacteriachanges.Bacteriaareveryimportanttothehumanbodyandhealth.Therelationshipofhumanswithbacteriaisdisturbedinlowgravity,andJamiehasshownthatitistrueinsquids,"saidMargaret."And,becauseit'sasimplesystem,shecangettothebottomofwhathappens."(魷魚與自然細(xì)菌有關(guān)系，幫助它們控制自己的發(fā)光。Margaret說：“當(dāng)宇航員處于低重力狀態(tài)時(shí)，他們的身體與細(xì)菌的關(guān)系發(fā)生了變化。細(xì)菌對(duì)人體和健康非常重要。在低重力環(huán)境下，人類與細(xì)菌的關(guān)系被打亂了，杰米已經(jīng)證明了這在魷魚身上是正確的，而且，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)簡單的系統(tǒng)，她可以了解到底發(fā)生了什么。”)”可推知，魷魚會(huì)成為研究的對(duì)象因?yàn)樗麄兣c人有共同之處。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Understandingwhathappenstothesquidsinspacecouldhelpsolvehealthproblemsthatastronautsface.(了解這些魷魚在太空中的情況可能有助于解決宇航員面臨的健康問題)”可推知，Margaret對(duì)研究持積極態(tài)度。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“JamieFosterisconductingthestudyasaresearcherattheUniversityofHawaiiwiththehelpofDr.MargaretMcFall-Ngai,amemberoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheHonoluluStar-Advertisernewspapersreportedthatshestudieshowspaceflightaffectsthesquids.Theresearch,startedin1989,canhelpscientistslearnabouthumanhealthduringlongtripsinspace.(JamieFoster是夏威夷大學(xué)的一名研究人員，在美國國家科學(xué)院成員MargaretMcFall-Ngai博士的幫助下進(jìn)行了這項(xiàng)研究。據(jù)《檀香山星報(bào)》報(bào)道，她研究太空飛行如何影響烏賊。這項(xiàng)研究始于1989年，可以幫助科學(xué)家在太空長途旅行中了解人類健康)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了研究人員通過研究魷魚在太空中的反應(yīng)來幫助解決宇航員健康問題。介紹了選擇魷魚作為研究目標(biāo)的原因以及這一研究的重要意義?？赏浦恼驴赡苓x自一本科學(xué)雜志。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butyoucanprepareyourselfandyourfamilywithanemergencykit.Thoughyoumaynotknowwhatkindofdisasterwillstrikeorwhen,___16___.●Packa3-daysupplyoffoodandwater.Choosefooditemswithalongshelflife,whichdon’trequirerefrigerationorlittlecooking,suchascannedgoodsandpackageditems,incaseyoudon’thavepowerduetoadisaster.Besides,Store1gallon(3.8L)ofwaterperperson(andperpet)perday.___17___,sobesuretoincludeplentyofpurified(凈化的)waterinbottles.●___18___.Packemergencyblankets.sleepingbags,andatentortwoincaseyoucan’tstayinyourhome.Amultipurposetoollikeaknifeandawhistlewouldalsobehandytohaveinyourkit.●Packelectronicsandbatteries.Intheeventofabigdisaster,besuretohaveseveralflashlights,anAM/FMradio,andextrabatteries,___19___.●Includemedicineandafirstaidkit.Prescriptionandover-the-countermedicinesshouldbeincludedinyourkit.___20___.Packextraglassesandanyothermedicalsuppliesthatmaybeneeded,likehearingaidswithextrabatteries.A.herearesometipsforyouB.AddshelterandsafetysuppliesC.It’sbesttostoreenoughwaterfor2weeksD.TapwatermaybeunsafetodrinkintheeventofadisasterE.you’llbereadyforanemergencyifyoutakethetimetogetwellpreparedF.Addabasicfirstaidkitcontaininginstanticepacks,bandages,scissorsandsoonG.becauseyourlandline,cellphonewillprobablynotworkduringanaturaldisaster【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.G20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害，你可以為自己和家人準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)應(yīng)急包，并介紹了應(yīng)急包中應(yīng)該備有什么物品?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butyoucanprepareyourselfandyourfamilywithanemergencykit.(想到自然災(zāi)害可能會(huì)令人恐懼，但你可以為自己和家人準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)應(yīng)急包。)”可知，你可以準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)應(yīng)急包；而空前“Thoughyoumaynotknowwhatkindofdisasterwillstrikeorwhen,(雖然你可能不知道什么樣的災(zāi)難會(huì)在什么時(shí)候發(fā)生，)”的逗號(hào)暗示，所選選項(xiàng)的首字母不需要大寫；并且空處再次說明做好準(zhǔn)備的必要性。選項(xiàng)E“you’llbereadyforanemergencyifyoutakethetimetogetwellprepared(如果你花時(shí)間做好充分準(zhǔn)備，你就能應(yīng)對(duì)緊急情況)”首字母沒有大寫，且內(nèi)容上承上啟下。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Besides,Store1gallon(3.8L)ofwaterperperson(andperpet)perday.(此外，每人(每只寵物)每天需儲(chǔ)存1加侖(3.8升)的水。)”下文“sobesuretoincludeplentyofpurified(凈化的)waterinbottles.(所以一定要在瓶子里放足夠的純凈水。)”可知，一定要準(zhǔn)備足夠的水，并保證水的安全性。選項(xiàng)D“Tapwatermaybeunsafetodrinkintheeventofadisaster(如果發(fā)生災(zāi)難，自來水可能不安全，不能飲用)”符合上下文內(nèi)容。故選D?！?8題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Packemergencyblankets.sleepingbags,andatentortwoincaseyoucan’tstayinyourhome.Amultipurposetoollikeaknifeandawhistlewouldalsobehandytohaveinyourkit.(裝上緊急毯子，睡袋和一兩個(gè)帳篷，以防你不能呆在家里。像刀和哨子這樣的多功能工具放在你的工具箱里也很方便。)”可知，本段講的是帶上安全用品。選項(xiàng)B“Addshelterandsafetysupplies(帶上遮蔽物以及安全用品)”與本段大意一致。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)段首句“Packelectronicsandbatteries.(封裝電子產(chǎn)品和電池。)”可知，本段和電子產(chǎn)品相關(guān)；以及空前“Intheeventofabigdisaster,besuretohaveseveralflashlights,anAM/FMradio,andextrabatteries,(在發(fā)生大災(zāi)難的時(shí)候，一定要有幾個(gè)手電筒，一個(gè)AM/FM收音機(jī)，和額外的電池，)”中的逗號(hào)可知，空處單詞首字母無需大寫。選項(xiàng)G“becauseyourlandline,cellphonewillprobablynotworkduringanaturaldisaster(因?yàn)槟愕淖鶛C(jī)、手機(jī)在自然災(zāi)害中可能無法工作。)”解釋了帶電池、手電筒和收音機(jī)的原因。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)段首句“Includemedicineandafirstaidkit.(包括藥品和急救箱。)”可知，本段與急救相關(guān)；空前“Prescriptionandover-the-countermedicinesshouldbeincludedinyourkit.(你的藥箱中應(yīng)該包括處方藥和非處方藥。)”建議讀者備上藥；而空后“Packextraglassesandanyothermedicalsuppliesthatmaybeneeded,likehearingaidswithextrabatteries.(帶上額外的眼鏡和其他可能需要的醫(yī)療用品，比如帶額外電池的助聽器。)”也建議帶上一些應(yīng)急用品。選項(xiàng)F“Addabasicfirstaidkitcontaininginstanticepacks,bandages,scissorsandsoon(準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)基本的急救箱，里面有速凍冰袋、繃帶、剪刀等)”也和急救相關(guān)，與上下文意一致。故選F。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onthemorningofmy60-year-oldday,Idecidedtocompleteatleastoneactofkindnessforeachcomingday.Unexpectedly,Ididtwo____21____ontheday.Thismorning,Ichoseasmalllocalcoffeeshop____22____largeonewithcrowdedcustomers.Iwantedtopayforsomeone’s____23____.Knowingthatcash(現(xiàn)金)wouldn’tbe____24____,Ibuyagiftcard.Igaveittothe____25____andsuggestedwhatshemightdowithit.Thenthisafternoon,while____26____inlineatthecasher’sinthesupermarket,Inoticedanelderlyladybehindmewithafewcakes.Iaskedifshe’dletme____27____them.InaheavyGermanaccent(口音),shesmiledbut____28____.Ididn’twanttoforceit,andI____29____toherwhatIwasdoing.Shesaidshehadonlybeenhereforacoupleofdays,butwouldn’tforgetallthe______30______thatshewasseeing!Andthatgaveme______31______tosticktomythought.ThesecondonehappenedwhenIwalkedbackhome.I______32______atthecrossroadandtheyellowlightsbeganto______33______.WhenIstartedtocrosstheroad,Ifeltacarwasn’tgoingto______34______,soIhadto.The______35______thenhadherwindowdown,saying,“I’msorry.”Ijustsaid“that’s______36______,”insteadofofferingherafew“unspeakablewords”.Itseemedlikea______37______reaction(反應(yīng))forme,notaforced______38______,whichmademefeel______39______.Everyactofkindnessyouhaveforotherswould______40______youthebestoftheworld.21.A.absolutely B.exactly C.suddenly D.closely22.A.asfor B.exceptfor C.ratherthan D.morethan23.A.bill B.ticket C.super D.book24.A.required B.accepted C.checked D.given25.A.waiter B.teacher C.expert D.athlete26.A.riding B.smiling C.talking D.standing27.A.payfor B.adaptto C.applyfor D.takeaway28.A.agree B.argued C.answered D.refused29.A.promised B.explained C.chatted D.shouted30A.bravery B.memory C.pressure D.kindness31.A.hope B.freedom C.patience D.help32.A.balanced B.moved C.waited D.sat33.A.break B.flash C.drop D.shake34.A.drag B.cross C.stop D.leave35.A.repairman B.policeman C.passer-by D.driver36.A.right B.all C.OK D.impossible37.A.natural B.strange C.surprising D.quick38.A.belief B.performance C.chance D.response39.A.anxious B.confident C.good D.special40.A.limit B.return C.tell D.support【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.A26.D27.A28.D29.B30.D31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D36.C37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了作者在同一天做的兩件好事?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：沒想到，當(dāng)天正好做了兩件好事。A.absolutely絕對(duì)地；B.exactly確切地、正是地；C.suddenly突然地；D.closely密切地。下文“Thesecondonehappened”可知，作者今天正好做了兩件好事。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：今天早上，我選擇了一家當(dāng)?shù)氐男】Х鹊辏皇穷櫩蛽頂D的大咖啡店。A.asfor至于；B.exceptfor除了；C.ratherthan而不是；D.morethan多于。上文“Ichoseasmalllocalcoffeeshop”可知，作者選了小的咖啡館，而沒有選大的擁擠的咖啡館。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想支付某人的賬單。A.bill賬單；B.ticket票；C.super管理人；D.book書。上文“payfor”可知，作者準(zhǔn)備要付賬單。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：知道不接受現(xiàn)金，我買了一張禮品卡。A.required需要；B.accepted接受；C.checked檢查；D.given給予。下文“Ibuyagiftcard”可知，作者之所以買禮品卡，沒有付現(xiàn)金，是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)金不被接受。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把它給了服務(wù)員，并建議她可以用它做什么。A.waiter服務(wù)員；B.teacher老師；C.expert專家；D.athlete運(yùn)動(dòng)員。上文“Iwantedtopayforsomeone’s”可知，作者準(zhǔn)備要付錢，所以應(yīng)該是把錢或者東西給服務(wù)員。故選A。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后今天下午，我在超市的收銀臺(tái)排隊(duì)時(shí)，注意到我身后有一位老太太拿著幾塊蛋糕。A.riding騎馬；B.smiling微笑；C.talking說話；D.standing站立。下文“inlineatthecasher’sinthesupermarket”可知，作者在站著排隊(duì)付錢。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我問她是否讓我付錢。A.payfor支付；B.adaptto適應(yīng)；C.applyfor申請；D.takeaway帶走。上文“Iwantedtopayforsomeone’s”和“atthecasher’s”可知，作者準(zhǔn)備要為別人付錢，作者現(xiàn)在在收銀處，應(yīng)該是給那些蛋糕付錢。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著濃重的德國口音，她微笑著拒絕了。A.agree同意；B.argued爭論；C.answered回答；D.refused拒絕。下文“but”可知，對(duì)方笑了，但是又拒絕了。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想勉強(qiáng)，我向她解釋了我在做什么。A.promised承諾；B.explained解釋；C.chatted閑聊；D.shouted大喊。下文“whatIwasdoing”可知，為了不引起誤會(huì)，作者這里向她解釋他在干什么。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她說自己才來了幾天，卻不會(huì)忘記看到的一切善意！A.bravery勇敢；B.memory記憶；C.pressure壓力；D.kindness善良。上文語境“作者想幫她付蛋糕的錢”和下文“thatshewasseeing”可知，這時(shí)作者想幫她，所以她看到的肯定是一種善行。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這給了我堅(jiān)持我的想法的希望。A.hope希望；B.freedom自由；C.patience耐心；D.help幫助。上文“wouldn’tforgetallthekindness”可知，她懂得感恩，這給了作者信心。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在十字路口等待，黃燈開始閃爍。A.balanced平衡；B.moved移動(dòng)；C.waited等待；D.sat坐。下文“atthecrossroad”可知，作者在十字路口等紅綠燈。故選C。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在十字路口等待，黃燈開始閃爍。A.break中斷；B.flash閃光；C.drop滴；D.shake搖。上文“theyellowlights”可知，此時(shí)黃燈開始閃爍。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我開始過馬路時(shí)，我覺得汽車不會(huì)停下來，所以我不得不停下來。A.drag拖拽；B.cross交叉；C.stop停止；D.leave離開。下文“soIhadto”可知，我不得不停下來，是因?yàn)橛幸粋€(gè)車不打算停下來。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后司機(jī)把她的車窗放下，說：“對(duì)不起”。A.repairman修理工；B.policeman警察；C.passer-by過路人；D.driver司機(jī)。上文語境“作者在過馬路”和下文“hadherwindowdown”可知，司機(jī)從車內(nèi)把車窗搖下來。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是說“沒關(guān)系”，而不是給她幾句“難言之語”。A.right對(duì)的；B.all全部的；C.OK好的；D.impossible不可能的。下文“insteadofofferingherafew‘unspeakablewords’”可知，作者并沒有說過分的話，而是原諒了這個(gè)司機(jī)，that’sOK(沒關(guān)系)。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)我來說似乎是一種自然的反應(yīng)，而不是強(qiáng)迫性的反應(yīng)，這讓我感覺很好。A.natural自然的；B.strange奇怪的；C.surprising令人驚訝的；D.quick快的的。下文“notaforcedresponse”可知，這對(duì)作者來說不是強(qiáng)迫的反應(yīng)，而是一種自然的反應(yīng)。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)我來說似乎是一種自然的反應(yīng)，而不是強(qiáng)迫性的反應(yīng)，這讓我感覺很好。A.belief信念；B.performance性能；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.response反應(yīng)。上文“l(fā)ikeanaturalreactionforme”可知，對(duì)作者來說這是一種自然的反應(yīng)，而不是一種強(qiáng)迫的反應(yīng)。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)我來說似乎是一種自然的反應(yīng)，而不是強(qiáng)迫性的反應(yīng)，這讓我感覺很好。A.anxious著急的；B.confident自信的；C.good不錯(cuò)的；D.special特別的。上文“l(fā)ikeanaturalreactionforme”可知，這是作者自然的、發(fā)自內(nèi)心的反應(yīng)，讓作者感覺良好。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你對(duì)他人的每一次善舉都會(huì)回報(bào)你世界上最好的東西。A.limit限制；B.return返回；C.tell告訴；D.support支持。上文語境“老婦人拒絕作者幫她付款的行為，但她會(huì)記得作者的善意”和上文“Everyactofkindnessyouhaveforothers”可知，做好事會(huì)有回報(bào)，即你對(duì)別人做的好事都會(huì)得到回報(bào)。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。RecentlysomeAmericanscientistshavegiven____41____usefulpieceofadvicetopeopleinindustrializedcountries.Theysaypeopleshouldeatmoreofthesamekindoffood____42____(eat)byhumanslivingmorethan10,000yearsago.Thescientistssaythathumanlifehaschanged____43____(great).Ourbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyle,____44____hasledtonewkindsofsicknesses.Theywerenotknowninancienttimes.Nowadaysthey____45____(call)“diseasesofcivilization(文明)”.Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystemareexamplesofsuchdiseases.Thescientistsnoteachangeinfoodisoneofthemain____46____(different)betweenlifeinancienttimesandthattoday.StoneAgepeople____47____(hunt)wildanimalsfortheirmeatthathadmuchlessfatthandomestic(馴養(yǎng)的)ones.Theyatealotoffreshwildvegetablesandfruits.Buttoday,weeatalargeamountofhigh-fatfood.____48____addition,weeatsixtimesmoresaltthanancientpeopledidandweeatmoresugaraswell.Peopletodayprobablydon’twanttolivelikeancientpeople.Butthescientistssaythatwewouldbemuch____49____(healthy)ifweeatmuchthesamewayastheancientpeopledid,____50____(cut)theamountoffatty,saltyandsweetfood.【答案】41.a42.eaten43.greatly44.which45.arecalled46.differences47.hunted48.In49.healthier50.cutting【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了一些美國科學(xué)家給工業(yè)化國家的人們提出了一條有用的建議:人們應(yīng)該多吃一萬多年前人類吃的同類食物,并分析其原因?！?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：最近，一些美國科學(xué)家給了工業(yè)化國家的人們一條有用的建議。設(shè)空處后為可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，表泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，useful發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，所以用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他們說，人們應(yīng)該多吃一萬多年前人類吃的同類食物。設(shè)空處在在句中作非謂語，和句子的邏輯主語food之間是邏輯的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的形式。故填eaten?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：科學(xué)家們說，人類生活已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。設(shè)空處前為動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。故填greatly?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們的身體已經(jīng)無法應(yīng)對(duì)這些生活方式的改變，這就導(dǎo)致了新的疾病。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性的定語從句，先行詞為“Ourbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyle（我們的身體無法應(yīng)對(duì)這些生活方式的變化）”，故填which?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)在它們被稱為文明疾病。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語they之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語nowadays（現(xiàn)在），可知句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，設(shè)空處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，句子的主語為they,結(jié)合主謂一致。故填arecalled?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：科學(xué)家們指出，食物的變化是古代和現(xiàn)代生活的主要差異之一。oneof+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)（…其中之一）。設(shè)空處應(yīng)為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)的形式。故填differences?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：石器時(shí)代的人們獵殺野生動(dòng)物是為了獲取比家養(yǎng)動(dòng)物脂肪少得多的肉。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，根據(jù)StoneAge（石器時(shí)代），可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。故填hunted。【48題詳解】考查介詞。句意：此外，我們吃的鹽比古人多六倍，我們吃的糖也更多。inaddition另外，位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填I(lǐng)n?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意：但是科學(xué)家們說，如果我們像古人那樣吃東西，減少高脂肪、咸的和甜的食物，我們會(huì)更健康。設(shè)空處前為be動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為形容詞作表語，根據(jù)前面的much，可知設(shè)空處為比較級(jí)。故填healthier?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意見上題解析。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和句子的邏輯主語theancientpeople之間是邏輯的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填cutting。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處,多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分Asastudent,Ihaddifficultyimprovemymathforalongtime.ButIdidn'twanttogiveup.Idecidedto