四川省成都市錦江區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三英語上學(xué)期期中試題試題含解析

Page26高2021級高三上半期考試英語本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。第I卷(選擇題)1至8頁，第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)9至10頁，共10頁；滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考籍號填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。3.答非選擇題時，必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無效。5.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。第Ⅰ卷(共100分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例題:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.Whendoesthelecturefinish?A.Atabout5p.m.B.Atabout4p.m.C.Atabout3p.m.2.Whatdoesthewomanasktheboytotake?A.Acoat.B.Boots.C.AT-shirt.3.WhathappenedtoLarrylastnight?A.Hecouldn’tfindhishotel.B.Hewascaughtintherain.C.Hefellintowater.4.Wherewillthewomangotomorrownight?A.Totheman’shouse.B.Toacinema.C.Toarestaurant.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ahouse.B.Anoffice.C.Ashoppingcenter.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Typeoutherreport.B.Repairherkeyboard.C.Lookforherkeys.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Havesomejuice.B.Pickupherfriend.C.Goshopping.聽第7段材料，回答8至10題。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atabusstop.C.IntheBookBuilding.9.Whatdidthemandoyesterdayevening?A.HewatchedTV.B.Hehadamatch.C.Heboughtaguide.10.Whichbuswillthespeakerstake?A.No.29.B.No.37.C.No.52.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthepurposeofthecall?A.Toarrangeatour.B.Tobookaroom.C.Toconfirmareservation.12.Whatdoesthewomanrequest?A.Awake-upcall.B.AspecialmenuC.Aroomwithaview.13.Howcanguestsreceiveafreemeal?A.Byreservingaccommodationsonline.B.Bystayingaminimumofthreenights.C.Bymakingabookingduringtheoffseason.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whenwastheyouthclubformed?A.In2015.B.In2008.C.In2006.15.WhatisMatthew?A.Anengineer.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.16.ForwhatdidMatthew’sclubraisemoney?A.Aschool.B.Apark.C.Ahospital.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhereisKakaduNationalPark?A.InAustralia.B.InAustria.C.InBelgium.18.HowdidthespeakerfeelaftertheYellowWaterCruise?A.Pleased.B.Disappointed.C.Worried.19.WhydidthespeakerbuytheSunrise&Sunsetticketonline?A.Itwaseasy.B.Itwascheap.C.Itwaspopular.20.WhatimpressedthespeakermostduringtheYellowWaterCruise?A.KakaduCultureCamp.B.Sunrise&Sunset.C.AzureKingfisher.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AAreusablebottlewillsaveyoumoneyinthelongrunwhilehelpingyoureachyourhydrationgoals.Let’scheckoutthesereusablewaterbottlesin2019!KleanKanteenReflectBottle(Stainlesssteel),$31,AmazonThisshiny,stainlesssteelbottleislightweightandeasytograsp,soit’sperfectlyportablewhenyou’reon-the-go,whetherhikingupamountainordoingbusinessaroundtown.Thesingle-walledstainlesssteelconstructionkeepsyourdrinkcoldforhours,andastylishcapmadeofsustainablyharvestedbambootopsitoff.CamelBakEddyWaterBottle(Plastic),$20(Normally$28),AmazonIfyoufindmoreofyourdrinkendsupinyourbag—oronyourpants—thaninyourmouth,Camelbak’sspill-proofwaterbottlecapisamust-have.Thenewlyredesigned“bite-and-sip”capletsmoreliquidflowthroughthanpreviousversions,lettingyoustayhydratedwithouthavingtoworryaboutspills.It’salsodishwasher-safe,unlikeotherwaterbottles,soit’ssimpletokeepcleanandgerm-free.YuanfengCollapsibleWaterBottle,$10,AmazonForadventurerson-the-go,thisspace-savingwatercontainerisamust-have.Thesoft,BPA-freebottlefoldsuptobeonly4.5inchestallwhenit’sempty,butstoresupto500mlliquidwhenyoufillitup!Availableinsixbrightcolors,thishandybottleistheperfecttravelcompanionforyournextbiking,hiking,orcampingtrip.CuptureWhiteFruitInfuserWaterBottle,$9,AmazonKickuptheflavorwiththisgeniusinfuserbottlethatallowsyoutoaddinextraflavortoyourwater.Filltheremovableinfuserbasketwithlemons,berries,teabags,oranythingelseyou’refondof,andyou’llbeabletocreateyourowndeliciouslyflavoredwater.Youcantakeouttheinfuserwheneveryouneedaregularwaterbottletoo.1.Whichbottlekeepsyourdrinkcoldforhours?A.KleanKanteenReflectBottle.B.CamelBakEddyWaterBottle.C.YuanfengCollapsibleWaterBottle.D.CuptureWhiteFruitInfuserWaterBottle.2.Howmuchcanyousaveifyoubuyaplasticbottle?A.$15. B.$13.C.$10. D.$8.3.What’sthecharacteristicofYuanfengCollapsibleWaterBottle?A.Beingmadeofstainlesssteel. B.Savingspacebyeasilyfoldingup.C.Preventingtheliquidfromspills. D.Allowinguserstoaddinextraflavor.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四種可重復(fù)使用水瓶?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Thesingle-walledstainlesssteelconstructionkeepsyourdrinkcoldforhours,andastylishcapmadeofsustainablyharvestedbambootopsitoff.（單壁不銹鋼結(jié)構(gòu)可以讓你的飲料保持?jǐn)?shù)小時的低溫，一頂由可持續(xù)收獲的竹子制成的時髦帽子可以蓋住它。）可知KleanKanteenReflectBottle可以讓飲料保持?jǐn)?shù)小時低溫。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個小標(biāo)題CamelBakEddyWaterBottle(Plastic),$20(Normally$28),Amazon可知如果你買一個塑料瓶，你能省八美元。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句Thesoft,BPA-freebottlefoldsuptobeonly4.5inchestallwhenit’sempty,butstoresupto500mlliquidwhenyoufillitup!（這個柔軟的無bpa的瓶子在空的時候可以折疊起來只有4.5英寸高，但是當(dāng)你把它裝滿的時候可以儲存500毫升的液體!）可知YuanfengCollapsibleWaterBottle的特色是折疊方便，節(jié)省空間。故選B。BIreceivedaprivatemessageonFacebook.Itbeganharmlesslyenough:“Hey,girl.Wantedtoinviteyoutojoinmynextchallengegroup—we'llbefocusingonfittingin30minutesofexerciseandbalancednutrition.”Itwasallbecomingtoomuch.Facebookwasrunningmylife,notme.ButwhatkilledFacebookformewaswhenIpostedaphoto,andfiveminuteslatermysonaskedmehowmany“l(fā)ikes”ithadgot.Hisquestionwasawake-upcall.“Likes”aresignsofacceptanceandapproval(認(rèn)可).Ihadforgottenthatacceptanceandapprovalneedtocomefromwithinandhadunknowinglysethimabadexample.BeforeFacebook,surfingtheInternetwasanoccasionaldistractionandIspentalotmoretimereadingbooksandmagazines.Icheckedinwithfriendsthroughtexts,emailsandphonecalls.Torecreatethesimplicity(質(zhì)樸)ofthosedaysandsetahealthierexampleformyson,IdeactivatedmyFacebookaccount.I'dbeeninthehabitofcheckingFacebookmanytimesaday,soIhadtocomeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting(針織).Istartedtakingyogaclasses.Istartedtorememberafewthings.Mybodyisfinejustthewayitis.IhavefriendswhowillhelpmeoutwhenI'mintrouble,andIwillhelpthemout.Idomybesttobeagoodmother,andoursonishappyandhealthy.Weareveryluckytobeabletoaffordtwovacationsayear.Istoppedlookingattheworldthroughmycellphone.Ifeltcompletelypresentinthemoment.Thebreakleftmefeelingbetteraboutmyself,myfamily,myhomeandmylife.Afterafewweeks,IreturnedtoFacebook.NowIlookatthephotosofmyfriends'kidsgrowingupandtreasurehowsocialmediaallowsmetokeepintouchwithfamilyfarandwide.Ilookinonadailybasis,butnolongerwiththedesireconstantlytopostupdates.Itisnotanaddictionanymore.4.Theunderlinedword“deactivated”isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.checked B.keptC.closed D.updated5.Whatdidtheauthordotochangeherlife?A.Shetraveledaroundalotforayear.B.Shewenttothegymasoftenasshecould.C.Shetriedtomakemoneyforherholidays.D.Shedevelopedsomehealthyhabits.6.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofthebreakfromFacebook?A.Itgavehertimetofindbeautyinlife.B.Itdistancedherfromherfriends.C.Itwasgoodforhereyes.D.Ithelpedhertogetacceptanceandapprovalfromothers.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardssocialmedia?A.Negative. B.Supportive.C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者之前的生活被Facebook控制了，過分關(guān)注網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的點贊，因此作者決定關(guān)閉Facebook賬戶，對自己、自己的家庭長生了積極的影響?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“BeforeFacebook,surfingtheInternetwasanoccasionaldistractionandIspentalotmoretimereadingbooksandmagazines.Icheckedinwithfriendsthroughtexts,emailsandphonecalls.(在臉書之前，上網(wǎng)偶爾會分散注意力，我花更多的時間閱讀書籍和雜志。通過短信、電子郵件和電話與朋友們聯(lián)系)”可知，沒有臉書之前，作者用更多的時間讀書，通過短信、電子郵件和電話與朋友們聯(lián)系，因此推斷劃線句“Torecreatethesimplicity(質(zhì)樸)ofthosedaysandsetahealthierexampleformyson,IdeactivatedmyFacebookaccount.(為了重現(xiàn)當(dāng)年的簡單生活，給我兒子樹立一個更健康的榜樣，我deactivated我的Facebook賬戶)”說明作者為了重新創(chuàng)造那些日子的簡單性，并為兒子樹立一個更健康的榜樣，所以關(guān)掉了她的Facebook帳戶；第二段“Itwasallbecomingtoomuch.Facebookwasrunningmylife,notme.(這一切都變得太多了。臉書在著我的生活，不是我)”也提到作者在打開Facebook時會遇到信息打擾，臉書控制了她的生活，因此作者想要關(guān)掉Facebook，所以猜測出劃線詞deactivated的意思是“關(guān)閉”。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“I'dbeeninthehabitofcheckingFacebookmanytimesaday,soIhadtocomeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting(針織).Istartedtakingyogaclasses.(我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了每天查看Facebook很多次的習(xí)慣，所以我不得不養(yǎng)成一些新的習(xí)慣。我隨身帶著一本小說和一本填字游戲書。我重新做編織。我開始上瑜伽課)”可知，作者不玩Facebook后培養(yǎng)了一些新的興趣，如隨時看書、上瑜伽課等，這些都是非常健康的興趣，因此作者想通過開發(fā)一些新的健康的習(xí)慣來改變了她的生活。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thebreakleftmefeelingbetteraboutmyself,myfamily,myhomeandmylife.(這段休息使我對自己、對我的家人、對我的家和我的生活感覺更好了)”可知，作者關(guān)閉Facebook給了她時間去發(fā)現(xiàn)生活中的美好。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“NowIlookatthephotosofmyfriends'kidsgrowingupandtreasurehowsocialmediaallowsmetokeepintouchwithfamilyfarandwide.Ilookinonadailybasis,butnolongerwiththedesireconstantlytopostupdates.(現(xiàn)在，我看著朋友們的孩子們成長的照片，珍惜社交媒體讓我與各地的家人保持聯(lián)系。我每天都看，但不再渴望不斷地發(fā)布更新)”可推斷，現(xiàn)在作者對于社交媒體持有客觀的態(tài)度。故選C。CIsittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsibleforhumancognition(認(rèn)知)?Whataboutourbody?Isitpossibleforthoughtandbehaviourtooriginatefromsomewhereotherthanourbrain?PsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)asksimilarquestions.TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld,theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsandstilldisagreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethatoperatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperimenttestsubjectswereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo.Inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticpersonisfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartandsomeonewhoisverystrongandcalmindifficultsituationsisoftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskindofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.8.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthesignificanceofEC?A.Itbringsusclosertothetruthinhumancognition.B.Itoffersaclearerpictureoftheshapeofhumanbrain.C.Itrevealsthemajorroleofthemindinhumancognition.D.Itfacilitatesourunderstandingoftheoriginofpsychology.9.Wheredoesthenewborns’understandingoftheirsurroundingsstartfrom?A.Theirpersonallooks. B.Theirmentalneeds.C.Theirinneremotions. D.Theirphysicalfeelings.10.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoprovebycitingthemetaphorsinParagraph5?A.Humanspeechisalivewithmetaphors.B.Humansenseshaveeffectsonthinking.C.Humanlanguageisshapedbyvisualimages.D.Humanemotionsareoftencomparedtonaturalmaterials.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Todeepenthereaders’understandingofEC.B.ToencouragethereadertoputECintopractice.C.Toguidethereaderontothepathtocareersuccess.D.Tosharewiththereaderwaystoreleasetheiremotions.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了心理學(xué)家的一項EC理論表明，我們不是只有大腦負(fù)責(zé)人類的認(rèn)知，我們的身體也負(fù)責(zé)思考或者解決問題。更準(zhǔn)確的說思想塑造身體，身體同等程度地塑造思想?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第五句話“TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.(EC理論表明，我們的身體也負(fù)責(zé)思考或解決問題。更準(zhǔn)確地說，思維塑造身體，身體同等程度地塑造思維。)”可推知，EC理論讓我們更接近人類認(rèn)知的真相。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句話“Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneed—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld，theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.(他們沒有如同需要那么多情感——他們不會感到悲傷，他們只是餓，需要食物。即使是未出生的嬰兒也能感覺到母親的心跳，這具有鎮(zhèn)靜作用。在現(xiàn)實世界中，他們冷了就哭，然后被擁抱。這樣，他們開始將溫暖與被愛聯(lián)系起來)”可推知，新生兒對周圍環(huán)境的理解依靠的是身體感覺。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句話“Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.(為了進(jìn)一步證明，我們可以看看我們不假思索就使用的比喻)”和第四段第一句話“Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.(更多的研究支持了身心互動)”可知，兩個自然段都是為了證明上文第三段EC的觀點“OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.(年長的西方哲學(xué)家和主流語言研究人員認(rèn)為這是事實，而EC理論認(rèn)為大腦和身體作為一臺有機的超級計算機協(xié)同工作，處理一切并形成反應(yīng))”。所以，作者想要印證的是人類的感官對思維有影響。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句話“Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?(既然您已經(jīng)掌握了身心互動的知識，為什么不使用它呢?)”以及下文中列舉的兩種現(xiàn)實生活中的情況“Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.(如果你今天過得很糟糕，一杯溫暖的茶會給你帶來一瞬間的快樂。如果你知道自己身體很冷，在做出任何人際關(guān)系決定之前先熱身。)”可推知，最后一段作者鼓勵讀者把EC理論運用于現(xiàn)實生活中。故選B。DReshapingtheworldforafossilfuel-freefuturemeansworkingquickly.Climatescientistssaycarbonemissionsmuststopby2025tominimizeenvironmentaldamage.Andbydesigningcomputationalmaterialstogetherwithmakerswhocanbuildandtestthemquickly,scientistscanrapidlydeveloptechnologieslikemorepowerfulsolarcellsandcarbatteries.Michaelisthenameofasupercomputerdevotedtojustonetask―discoveringtheultimatebatterysystem.ResearchersatUniversityCollegeLondonwilluseMichaeltodigitallybuildandtestprototypes(原型)ineverynewmaterialandtypeofcellpossibletoimprovebatterylife,performanceandprice.Findingaresilient(彈性的)designforsolid-statebatterieswouldbeahugebreakthroughforelectricvehiclesandenergystorage.Lighter,longer-lastingandcheapersolid-statetechnologycouldvastlyimprovevehiclerangeandchargingtime.Andtheenergyfromsolarandwindpowercouldbemoreefficientlystoreduntilreadyforuse.ScientistsworkingintheUSandtheUKledthewayinthe1970sindevelopingthelithium-ion(鋰離子)batteryusedintoday’selectriccars,laptopsandcameras,ButcommercialunitswereonlydevelopedoncetheJapaneseelectronicsgiantpushedthetechnologyforwardformassproduction.Partnershipsbetweencompaniesanduniversitiescouldultimatelycracksolid-statebatterydesign.OxfordUniversityandsomecompaniesarelookingtowintheinternationalracetocreateadurableproduct.Buttheyareonlyoneamongmany.Replacingliquidusedinlithium-ionbatterieswithasolidconductormaytakelargedigitalprocessing.Electricvehiclemakersareworkingwithacomputergianttofindsuccessfuldesignsthatmayincludecheapandplentifulmaterialsfoundinseawater.AnelectricvehiclemakerispartneringwithNASAtoopenasolid-statebatteryplantthatusesnorareorexpensivemetals.Theplanistocreatealargedatabaseofmaterialsthatcanbemixedandmatchedforthebestcombinations.Butcomputationalmaterialsmaybeneededinvirtuallyeveryindustry.Andbyrapidlyclassifyingmillionsofsubstancesontheirabilitytoconductelectricity,theirtoughness,orthewaytheyreflectlight,AIandsupercomputerscanspeeduptheprocessofcreatingmaterialsforjustaboutanything.12.Whatmessagedoesparagraph1convey?A.It’stoofasttodesigncomputationalmaterials.B.It’stoolatetoreshapethefossilfuel-freeworld.C.Developinggreenenergycanreducecarbonemissions.D.Developingtechnologycanspeedupcarbonemissions.13.Whataresolid-statebatteriesexpectedtobelike?A.Heavyandsolid. B.Lightbutbreakable.C.Less-costlyandworkable. D.Expensivebutefficient.14.WhydoestheauthormentionOxfordUniversityinparagraph4?A.Toshowtheweaknessofmassproduction.B.Toshowthegoodtrendofthecooperation.C.Toshowthedifficultyofthebatterydesign.D.ToshowthedevelopmentofBritishtechnology.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MichaelIsDevotedtoStoringSolarEnergyB.CompaniesandNASAWillPushTechnologyForwardC.ElectricVehicleMakersAreStrugglingtoSolveAirPollutionD.SupercomputersandAICanCreateFutureLow-carbonIndustries【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了利用超級計算機和人工智能設(shè)計新能源固態(tài)電池的美好前景。12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Climatescientistssaycarbonemissionsmuststopby2025tominimizeenvironmentaldamage.Andbydesigningcomputationalmaterialstogetherwithmakerswhocanbuildandtestthemquickly,scientistscanrapidlydeveloptechnologieslikemorepowerfulsolarcellsandcarbatteries.(氣候科學(xué)家表示，碳排放必須在2025年之前停止，以盡量減少對環(huán)境的破壞。通過與能夠快速制造和測試的制造商一起設(shè)計計算材料，科學(xué)家們可以迅速開發(fā)出更強大的太陽能電池和汽車電池等技術(shù)。)”科學(xué)家們迅速開發(fā)出更強大的太陽能電池和汽車電池是為了減少碳排放對環(huán)境的破壞；因此可推知研發(fā)綠色能源可以減少碳排放。故選C。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Lighter,longer-lastingandcheapersolid-statetechnologycouldvastlyimprovevehiclerangeandchargingtime.(更輕、更耐用、更便宜的固態(tài)技術(shù)可以大大提高汽車的續(xù)航里程和充電時間。)”可知，該固電池預(yù)計成本更低并且實用有效。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Partnershipsbetweencompaniesanduniversitiescouldultimatelycracksolid-statebatterydesign.OxfordUniversityandsomecompaniesarelookingtowintheinternationalracetocreateadurableproduct.(企業(yè)和大學(xué)之間的合作可能最終破解固態(tài)電池的設(shè)計。牛津大學(xué)(OxfordUniversity)和一些公司希望在制造耐用產(chǎn)品的國際競賽中獲勝。)”可知，作者提及牛津大學(xué)是為了表明大學(xué)和公司合作破解固態(tài)電池設(shè)計難題成了一種良好的趨勢。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Reshapingtheworldforafossilfuel-freefuturemeansworkingquickly.(重塑世界，實現(xiàn)無化石燃料的未來意味著要迅速行動。)”本文介紹，實現(xiàn)無化石燃料，創(chuàng)造低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)。以及文章最后一段“Butcomputationalmaterialsmaybeneededinvirtuallyeveryindustry.Andbyrapidlyclassifyingmillionsofsubstancesontheirabilitytoconductelectricity,theirtoughness,orthewaytheyreflectlight,AIandsupercomputerscanspeeduptheprocessofcreatingmaterialsforjustaboutanything.(但幾乎每個行業(yè)都需要計算材料。通過根據(jù)導(dǎo)電能力、韌性或反射光的方式對數(shù)百萬種物質(zhì)進(jìn)行快速分類，人工智能和超級計算機可以加快為幾乎任何東西創(chuàng)造材料的過程。)”說明人工智能和超級計算機可以創(chuàng)造未來的低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)。所以本文的標(biāo)題可以為人工智能和超級計算機可以創(chuàng)造未來的低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Majorsarevitalincollegeandyourwholelifebecauseitdetermineswhatdegreeyouwillgraduatewithandwhatcareeryouwillbemostqualifiedfor.____16____Chooseamajormerelybasedonmoney.Themistakehappenswhenyou’rechoosingamajoronlyconsideringthepay.____17____Amajorwithhigh-payingcareeroptionswillalldependonpositionopeningsandthecompetitors.____18____Beinginterestedinamajorisastart,butdon’tstopthere.Researchingthefieldwillhelpyoubesurethatamajorisrightforyou.Considertheentirejourneyyou’llpursue.Ifyou’vedoneyourinvestigatingandyou’restillinterested,dipyourtoesinbeforeyoucommit.Myparentswantmetochoosethismajor.____19____Butthechoiceisultimatelyyours.Ifanyonewantstohelpyouinchoosingamajorandyouwholeheartedlyagreewiththeiropinions,thengowithit.Butifyouwantyourfuturetogoinanyotherdirection,speakup.____20____Fromanoutsideperspective,itmayseemsimple,butthestudentsdoingtheworkcanprobablytellyousomehorrorstories.Everymajorhasthem.Nevertakethe“easy”roadwhenitcomestoyourfuture.A.Chooseamajorbyinvestigatingfirst.B.Chooseamajorbyfeelinginsteadofresearch.C.However,youshouldthinkcarefullychoosingamajor.D.Theopinionsofyourfriendsandfamilyaren’ttoignore.E.Honestly,thereisnosuchthingasan“easy”majoranyway.F.Therefore,you’dbetteravoidsomemistakesinchoosingamajor.G.Youalsoneedtoconsideryourpassions,dislikes,andyourhappiness.【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了選擇專業(yè)時應(yīng)該避免的一些誤區(qū)。【16題詳解】前文“Majorsarevitalincollegeandyourwholelifebecauseitdetermineswhatdegreeyouwillgraduatewithandwhatcareeryouwillbemostqualifiedfor.(專業(yè)在大學(xué)和你的一生中都至關(guān)重要，因為它決定了你將獲得什么學(xué)位以及你最有資格從事什么職業(yè)。)”講述了專業(yè)的重要性，結(jié)合下文分小標(biāo)題闡述的一些錯誤想法可知，空處應(yīng)承上啟下，講述選擇專業(yè)時要避開一些誤區(qū)。F項“因此，你最好在選擇專業(yè)上避免一些錯誤。”符合題意。故選F?！?7題詳解】結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題“Chooseamajormerelybasedonmoney.(僅憑金錢選擇專業(yè)。)”和空前的“Themistakehappenswhenyou’rechoosingamajoronlyconsideringthepay.(當(dāng)你選擇專業(yè)時，只考慮薪酬，就會出現(xiàn)錯誤。)”可知，本段主要講述的選擇專業(yè)的誤區(qū)是僅考慮金錢，這樣做就會出現(xiàn)錯誤，接下來應(yīng)該說除金錢之外，選擇專業(yè)時還要考慮其他因素。G項“你還需要考慮你的好惡和幸福?！狈项}意。故選G。【18題詳解】空處是本段小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)是選擇專業(yè)的一個錯誤想法。結(jié)合本段中的“Beinginterestedinamajorisastart,butdon’tstopthere.Researchingthefieldwillhelpyoubesurethatamajorisrightforyou.(對專業(yè)感興趣是一個開始，但不要止步于此。研究這個領(lǐng)域?qū)椭愦_定一個專業(yè)適合你。)”可知，正確的做法是要考慮對這個專業(yè)是否有興趣，還要認(rèn)真研究這個領(lǐng)域。由此可推測出，這里說的錯誤想法應(yīng)是：僅通過感覺來選擇專業(yè)，而不進(jìn)行研究。B項“根據(jù)感覺而不是研究來選擇專業(yè)?！狈项}意。故選B。【19題詳解】結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題“Myparentswantmetochoosethismajor.(我父母希望我選擇這個專業(yè)。)”可知，本段講述的錯誤想法是父母希望自己選擇某個專業(yè)，空后的“Butthechoiceisultimatelyyours.(但最終選擇權(quán)在你。)”指出最終的選擇權(quán)是自己。由此可知，But表明空處與空后的內(nèi)容形成轉(zhuǎn)折，表示的是不可忽視親友的意見。D項“朋友和家人的意見不容忽視?！狈项}意。故選D?！?0題詳解】空后“Fromanoutsideperspective,itmayseemsimple,butthestudentsdoingtheworkcanprobablytellyousomehorrorstories.(從外部的角度來看，這可能看起來很簡單，但做這項工作的學(xué)生可能會告訴你一些恐怖故事。)”可知，別人看起來簡單的專業(yè)可能并不簡單，空處應(yīng)是說沒有容易得專業(yè)。E項“老實說，無論如何都沒有所謂的‘容易’專業(yè)?！狈项}意。故選E。第三部分語言知識運用(共三節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完型填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文、從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Inafast-pacedworlddrivenbynoise,excitement,andcontinuousconnectionsduetotechnology,Ithinkwe’velosta(n)___21___forsomethingessentialtothehumanexperience:Quiet.Thispastweekend,Ifoundmyself___22___tomycomputerscreeninaflurry(忙亂)of___23___worktobuildmycareer.Iwas___24___socialmediaandworryingaboutbuildingmyvisionfortomorrow.Likesomanyevenings,thecalloftheInternethad___25___mein,andthebeautifulJulynightinPennsylvaniawas___26___untilmyhusbandsteppedinandremindedmethatthere’smoretolifethannoises,likesandfollowers.Wegotintoourtruckanddrovetenminutestoalocalstatepark,aplacethathas___27___ourdifferentstagesoflifethroughtheyears.Phonesandcomputers___28___wespenttheeveninginnature,enjoyingsimplescenesand___29___inthequietofthesetting.Goneweretheringsofnotifications,thehonkinghorns(喇叭聲)ofcarsflyingby,andthe___30___ofYouTubevideos.Intheirplace,asilence___31___somethingwebothknowbutsometimeslose___32___of:Life’squiet,simplemomentsaresometimesthemostbeautiful.Inthesepeacefulmoments,Ifounda(n)___33___withnatureandwithmyhusband.Ifoundareminderthatthereisaworld___34___thecomputerandthe___35___ofourfast-pacedlife.___36___,Iwasremindedthatinthesequietmoments,wewereabletohearthemostimportantvoice:ourown.Ourworld___37___constantattentionandengagement.Webecomeso___38___toconstantlyconnectingandengagingwithothersthatwefailtoappreciatesomething___39___toourhappiness:ourinnervoice.Sotakeamoment,takeabreakandtakesometimetofindthequietinyourlife.Letthequietmomentsinliferemindyouthatyourinnervoice___40___tobeheard.21.A.cooperation B.appreciation C.confidence D.opportunity22.A.related B.devoted C.glued D.allowed23.A.regular B.simple C.busy D.interesting24.A.drowningin B.fondof C.curiousabout D.sensitiveto25.A.showed B.sucked C.forced D.led26.A.acquired B.occupied C.ignored D.stressed27.A.witnessed B.experienced C.presented D.undertaken28.A.hungon B.turnedon C.wornout D.shutoff29.A.trapped B.involved C.bathed D.stuck30.A.existence B.attraction C.impression D.separation31.A.removed B.reflected C.restricted D.reminded32.A.track B.sight C.control D.hope33.A.connection B.imagination C.exploration D.prediction34.A.against B.with C.beyond D.about35.A.chaos B.values C.meaning D.quality36.A.Inaddition B.Inshort C.Afterall D.Aboveall37.A.avoids B.desires C.transfers D.spells38.A.opposed B.limited C.entitled D.addicted39.A.glorious B.unique C.essential D.superior40.A.remains B.tends C.appears D.deserves【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A36.D37.B38.D39.C40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章?，F(xiàn)代的科技讓我們生活在宣泄中，很多人失去了獨處，自省的機會，作者從自己的親身體會發(fā)出了感觸，并建議大家花點時間，休息一下，花點時間在生活中尋找寧靜?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個由噪音、興奮和科技帶來的持續(xù)聯(lián)系驅(qū)動的快節(jié)奏世界里，我認(rèn)為我們已經(jīng)失去了對人類體驗必不可少的東西的欣賞：安靜。A.cooperation合作；B.appreciation欣賞；C.confidence自信；D.opportunity機會。根據(jù)前文“Inafast-pacedworlddrivenbynoise,excitement,andcontinuousconnectionsduetotechnology”以及后文“Quiet”可以推測，此處指人們失去了對人類體驗中必不可少的東西“安靜”的享受。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：剛剛過去的這個周末，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被粘在電腦屏幕前，忙于建立自己的事業(yè)。A.related聯(lián)系；B.devoted奉獻(xiàn)；C.glued粘牢；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)后文“inaflurry(忙亂)of3worktobuildmycareer.”以及常識可知，作者為了開創(chuàng)事業(yè)，拼命工作，自己老是盯著電腦。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：剛剛過去的這個周末，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被粘在電腦屏幕前，忙于建立自己的事業(yè)。A.regular定期的；B.simple