運(yùn)動(dòng)性疲勞課件可編輯

競(jìng)技健美操的運(yùn)動(dòng)性疲勞王華燕周鳳萍劉明

1982年在美國(guó)舉行的第5屆國(guó)際運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)生物化學(xué)會(huì)議上對(duì)疲勞的定義是:機(jī)體生理過(guò)程不能維持預(yù)定的運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度而導(dǎo)致機(jī)體運(yùn)動(dòng)能力下降的現(xiàn)象。

健美操運(yùn)動(dòng)員的疲勞定義：在健美操訓(xùn)練或比賽達(dá)到一定程度后,運(yùn)動(dòng)員本身各組織器官及全身機(jī)能暫時(shí)下降的一種身體狀態(tài),也是機(jī)體自身正常的一種保護(hù)性抑制。能量物質(zhì)耗竭產(chǎn)生疲勞—衰竭學(xué)說(shuō)中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)失調(diào)—保護(hù)性抑制學(xué)說(shuō)

內(nèi)環(huán)境物質(zhì)代謝失調(diào)—內(nèi)環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性失調(diào)學(xué)說(shuō)產(chǎn)生機(jī)制競(jìng)技健美操運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練是以無(wú)氧糖酵解供能為主的大強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)，直接能量來(lái)源于骨骼肌中的ATP。Descriptionofthecontents訓(xùn)練負(fù)荷的加大，體內(nèi)肌糖元大量分解消耗，肌肉中發(fā)生ATP和CP的最大消耗和乳酸的最大堆積競(jìng)技健美操訓(xùn)練時(shí)出現(xiàn)HL值升高，血液PH值降低，發(fā)生代償性酸中毒，致使ATP合成量減少，影響肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)能力，導(dǎo)致疲勞產(chǎn)生。競(jìng)技健美操訓(xùn)練ATP的合成主要依靠糖的無(wú)氧酵解能量物質(zhì)耗竭產(chǎn)生疲勞—衰竭學(xué)說(shuō)

內(nèi)環(huán)境物質(zhì)代謝失調(diào)—內(nèi)環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性失調(diào)學(xué)說(shuō)

機(jī)體內(nèi)環(huán)境物質(zhì)代謝功能失調(diào)能源物質(zhì)消耗增多大運(yùn)動(dòng)量訓(xùn)練以乳酸能為主要能量來(lái)源體內(nèi)維生素含量下降以及無(wú)機(jī)鹽、水分等減少機(jī)體不能繼續(xù)工作而產(chǎn)生疲勞

保護(hù)性抑制學(xué)說(shuō)認(rèn)為，無(wú)論是腦力疲勞還是體力疲勞都是大腦皮層保護(hù)性抑制發(fā)展的結(jié)果競(jìng)技健美操運(yùn)動(dòng)獨(dú)特的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式，使大量興奮沖動(dòng)向大腦皮層相應(yīng)的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞傳遞，當(dāng)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞長(zhǎng)時(shí)間興奮沖動(dòng)導(dǎo)致能源物質(zhì)消耗增多，消耗達(dá)到一定程度時(shí)，相應(yīng)的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞便產(chǎn)生保護(hù)性抑制，出現(xiàn)中樞神經(jīng)的支配失調(diào)，運(yùn)動(dòng)能力下降，產(chǎn)生疲勞。

大運(yùn)動(dòng)量競(jìng)技健美操訓(xùn)練，大量的血液流入肌內(nèi)而相應(yīng)減少了對(duì)大腦的供求量，致使腦pH值下降，使大腦神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的供氧量暫時(shí)不足，造成運(yùn)動(dòng)能力下降而產(chǎn)生疲勞

中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)失調(diào)—保護(hù)性抑制學(xué)說(shuō)

教學(xué)觀察和自我觀察

生理機(jī)能檢查

生化指標(biāo)評(píng)定

血乳酸血紅蛋白睪酮／皮質(zhì)醇比值血清肌酸激酶

自我監(jiān)督教學(xué)觀察評(píng)定

脈搏檢查法

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