hearing保持聽(tīng)覺(jué)培訓(xùn)模塊

HearingConservationTrainingModule保持聽(tīng)覺(jué)培訓(xùn)模塊SECCOPRODUCTIONTECHNICALTRAININGTEAMSECCO

生產(chǎn)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)組1Thisselfpacedrefreshertrainingmodulewilladdresstheactionsthatshouldbetakentoavoidexposuretohighnoiselevels.此培訓(xùn)模塊會(huì)提及怎樣避免接觸高噪音等級(jí)所應(yīng)采取的措施。Theproperusageofapprovedhearingprotectioncanhelppreventhearinglossassociatedtohighnoiseexposures.正確使用已審核過(guò)的聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)器能幫助防止接觸相關(guān)的高噪音而引起的聽(tīng)覺(jué)受損。2Onceyousuccessfullycompletethistrainingmoduleyoushouldbeknowledgeableabout:一旦你成功的完成此培訓(xùn)模塊，你就會(huì)對(duì)以下內(nèi)容有更好的理解：Thehazardsassociatedwithexcessivenoise exposures.和過(guò)高噪音接觸相關(guān)的危險(xiǎn)。Whatisconsideredtobehighnoiselevels.高噪音的認(rèn)定。Whereishearingprotectionrequiredwithinthe site.在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)需聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)的地方。Whatformsofhearingprotectionisavailable withinSECCOSECCO已有的聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)的形式。Whatstepsarebeingtakentoidentifyhigh noiseareas.確認(rèn)高噪音區(qū)域所應(yīng)采取的步驟。Whatactionsarebeingtakentotrackemployee noiseexposures.跟蹤檢查員工噪音接觸所應(yīng)采取的步驟。3噪聲定義噪聲是一種人們所不希望要的聲音。也就是說(shuō)凡是不需要的，使人厭煩并對(duì)人類生活和生產(chǎn)有妨礙的聲音都是噪聲。4HazardsOfNoiseExposures噪音接觸的危險(xiǎn)Prolongedexposuretohighnoiselevels,85decibelsorgreater,canresultinsomedegreeofhearingloss.長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的接觸高噪音等級(jí)，85分貝或高于85分貝，會(huì)引起一定程度的聽(tīng)力受損。Noiseinducedhearinglosscanoccurfromexposuretoloudnoiseforafewhours,with normalhearingusuallyreturningafterashort restperiodawayfromloudnoises.噪音引起的聽(tīng)力受損會(huì)在接觸高噪音數(shù)小時(shí)后，隨著遠(yuǎn)離高噪音到正常的聽(tīng)覺(jué)恢復(fù)后，一會(huì)兒時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生。Permanenthearinglossmayalsooccurasaresultoftheagingprocess,disease,injury,orexposuretoloudnoiseforextendedperiodsof time.永久性聽(tīng)力受損可能是由于年齡，疾病，受傷，或長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的暴露于高噪音引起的。5Personnelwhoregularlysustainatemporary hearinglosswilleventuallyhavesomepermanent hearingloss.有常規(guī)性的臨時(shí)聽(tīng)覺(jué)受損的人最終會(huì)引起永久性聽(tīng)覺(jué)受損。Permanenthearinglosscanoccurasaresultof asingle“blast”ofnoise.

一個(gè)“爆炸聲”也可以引起永久性聽(tīng)力受損。6CommonNoiseLevels普通噪音等級(jí)140decibels-(thresholdofpain)jetaircraft140分貝-（開(kāi)始疼痛）噴氣式飛機(jī)聲120decibels-hydroblasting120分貝-高壓水力清洗聲110decibels-airarcing,steamlances110分貝-空氣電弧聲，氣槍聲100decibels-pneumaticchipping100分貝-氣動(dòng)切片聲95decibels-lawnmower95分貝-草坪割草機(jī)聲90decibels-(OSHAPEL8hrs)dieseltruck90分貝-（OSHAPEL8小時(shí)）柴油車(chē)聲85decibels-HearingProtectionRequired85分貝-需聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)t 65decibels-Normalspeakingvoice

65分貝-正常說(shuō)話聲Thecriticalrangewherehearingcanbedamagedpainlesslyisbetween85decibelsand 125decibels.聽(tīng)覺(jué)在不知不覺(jué)受損的重要范圍是在85分貝及125分貝之間。7工業(yè)企業(yè)噪聲衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參照表8Athree(3)decibelchangeinsoundisthe smallestlevelofchangethatcanberecognized bythehumanear.人耳能辯識(shí)的最小聲音變化等級(jí)是3分貝。Aten(10)decibelincreaseinsoundlevel doublestheapparentloudness.增加10分貝的聲音等級(jí)，會(huì)使響度翻倍。A90decibelsoundreadingsoundstwiceas loudasa80decibelreading.90分貝的大聲朗讀聲，聽(tīng)起來(lái)是80分貝朗讀聲的2倍。9HearingProtectionUsageGuidelines聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)使用綱要Earplugsand/orearmuffsshouldbe wornasfollows:耳塞和/或耳套按如下佩帶：

w Onoperatingfacilities,duringnormal operations,earplugsand/orearmuffsmustbewornbyallpersonneloutsideofcontrolrooms.

在生產(chǎn)裝置上，正常生產(chǎn)期間，不在控制室的所有人員必須佩帶耳塞和/或耳套。

w Duringfacilityturnaroundshearingprotection mustbewornduringsteamoutactivitiesandinthevicinity(50ft.)ofoperatingportable equipmentormobileequipment.

裝置檢修期間，排蒸汽及操作可攜帶或可移動(dòng)設(shè)備的附近（50英尺），必須佩帶耳塞和/或耳套。

w Hearingprotectionmayberequiredinother designatedworkareaswhereworkactivities generatenoiselevelsinexcessof85 decibels.聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)在有超過(guò)85分貝產(chǎn)生的指定工作場(chǎng)所應(yīng)佩帶耳塞和/或耳套。10Allpersonnelareresponsibleforand expectedtowearhearingprotectionin designatedareas.所有人員對(duì)在指定地點(diǎn)負(fù)責(zé)并期望佩帶聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)。Supervisionwillberesponsiblefor verifyingtheirpersonnelwearprotective equipmentindesignatedareas.管理人員應(yīng)對(duì)被檢查的人員是否在指定地點(diǎn)佩帶聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)負(fù)責(zé)。SECCOjobrepresentativesareresponsiblefor verifyingthattheircontractorswear appropriatehearingprotection.SECCO工作代表應(yīng)對(duì)被檢查的承包商是否佩帶聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)負(fù)責(zé)。11IdentifyingHighNoiseAreas確認(rèn)高噪音區(qū)域Operatingfacilities areresponsiblefor postingsignswarning personnelabouthigh noiseareas.生產(chǎn)裝置應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)張貼標(biāo)識(shí)，向員工警示高噪音區(qū)。Signswillbepostedoncontrolroom doorsleadingtooutsideworkareas.標(biāo)識(shí)應(yīng)貼在通向至外面工作區(qū)域的控制室門(mén)上。CAUTION警告HIGHNOISEAREA高噪音區(qū)域WEAREARPROTECTION佩帶聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)12Soundlevelsurveyswillbeperformedby HSEpersonnelasneededandapplicable personnelwillbeinformedoftheresults.根據(jù)需要，聲音等級(jí)調(diào)查應(yīng)有HSE人員負(fù)責(zé)，并且將結(jié)果告知相關(guān)人員。Signswillbepostedinotherareas wheresoundlevelsurveysindicatehearing protectionisrequired.標(biāo)識(shí)應(yīng)貼在經(jīng)過(guò)聲音等級(jí)調(diào)查后，需戴聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)的地方。13ApprovedHearingProtection審核過(guò)的聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)Hearingprotectorsarenormallydesigned toreducenoiselevels,whichreach workersears,byapproximately20to30 decibels.Toreachthesegoals,they mustbeinstalledandwornproperlyby users.聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)的設(shè)計(jì)是為了減少可到達(dá)工人耳朵里的噪音等級(jí)，大約20至30分貝。SECCOfacilitiesprovidevariousstylesof hearingprotectionforpersonnelwhich shouldbeworninhighnoiseareas.SECCO給員工提供了多種多樣的聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)，使他們能在高噪音的區(qū)域佩帶。14Thestylesofhearingprotectorsapproved forusagearereviewedbelow:已審核可以使用的聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)的式樣如下：

DisposableEarPlugs-

耳塞15

EarMuffs-Youshouldbeaware ofthefactthatthisformof hearingprotectionnormally providestheleastamountof noisereductiontoitsuser.These protectorsareavailableupon requestatvariouslocationswithin thesite.Earmuffsrequire frequentinspectionandcleaning.Theuseof safetyglasses,withearmuffs,reducesthe protectionfactorsincethetemplepiecesmust passthroughthemuffssealingsurface.

耳套—你應(yīng)意識(shí)到一般此種形式的聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)給使用者提供的噪音減小量是最少的。在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，這些耳套只有在提出申請(qǐng)要求的地點(diǎn)有。耳套需經(jīng)常檢查并清洗。耳套和安全眼鏡一起使用會(huì)減少噪音保護(hù)因素，因?yàn)檠坨R架一定會(huì)穿過(guò)耳套的密封表面。16Formaximumprotectionagainsthighnoise exposures,youmayneedtoweara combinationofearplugsandearmuffs. However,withthiscombination,youwill needtobesurethatyouarestillable tohearnecessarycommunicationsand/or alarms.

最大程度的高噪音保護(hù)，你必須耳塞及耳套一起戴。但一起戴的話，你要確保能聽(tīng)得見(jiàn)必要的交流聲及/或報(bào)警。Ifyouhavedocumentedhearingloss,the MedicalDepartmentmayrequirethe usageofearplugsandmuffs.若你被記錄有聽(tīng)覺(jué)受損，醫(yī)務(wù)部會(huì)要求你使用耳塞加耳套。17MonitoringPersonnelExposuresToHighNoise監(jiān)督個(gè)人高噪音的接觸TheMedicalDepartmentwill scheduleidentifiedpersonnel forannualhearingtests. Theywillalsoberesponsible formaintainingrecordsof employeeaudiogramsandfor notifyingidentifiedpersonnelwhenhearing lossisidentified.醫(yī)務(wù)部每年會(huì)安排一定的人員作聽(tīng)覺(jué)測(cè)試。他們對(duì)維護(hù)員工聽(tīng)覺(jué)敏感圖負(fù)責(zé)，并當(dāng)查出有聽(tīng)覺(jué)受損的人員時(shí)對(duì)通知他們負(fù)責(zé)。18Foroptimumhearingtestresults, personnelscheduledfortestingshould avoidexposuretoloudnoisesfora minimumof

eighthourspriortoactually beingtested.為達(dá)到最佳測(cè)試結(jié)果，安排個(gè)人的測(cè)試時(shí)間應(yīng)在在測(cè)試前已至少有8小時(shí)不與高噪音接觸。GeneralClosingComments篇尾總體評(píng)述Don’tthinkthatyougetusedtohigh noiseexposures,especiallyifthereare signspostedwarningyoutowearhearing protectiondevices. Inrealityyouwill onlybelosingyourhearing.不要認(rèn)為你會(huì)習(xí)慣于接觸高噪音，尤其是一些有警示張貼需你佩戴聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)的地方。不戴的話，你會(huì)使你的聽(tīng)覺(jué)受損。19Thehumanearhasnodefensemechanismtoblockyourexposuretounwantednoise.人耳對(duì)于不想聽(tīng)的噪音是沒(méi)有自然防御功能的。Ifyouselectnottowearhearingprotection,yourhearingwillbedestroyed slowly,painlessly,andwithoutyouknowingituntilitistoolate.若你不選擇佩帶聽(tīng)覺(jué)保護(hù)，你的聽(tīng)覺(jué)會(huì)慢慢的，在不知不覺(jué)中被破壞，在還沒(méi)有意識(shí)到的時(shí)候，已經(jīng)來(lái)不及。Therearemultiplesignsofhearingloss thatyoushouldbeonthelookoutfor, whichare:聽(tīng)覺(jué)受損有多種信號(hào)，你應(yīng)時(shí)常觀察，這些信號(hào)為： w

Failingtocatchwordsand/orphrases

有時(shí)聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)別人說(shuō)的字和/或段落

w Ringingintheears,normallycalledtinnitus

有耳鳴聲

w Shoutingorraisingyourvoicewithout