2024年中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)介詞課件

介詞中考專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)1.at,

on,in,during

考點(diǎn)一：時(shí)間介詞介詞 用法舉例at表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)，用于具體的時(shí)刻、年齡段或某些固定短語(yǔ)中。atfiveo'clock,ateight;at

night,atnoon,

atthattime,atthebeginningof...atthe

ageofeighton表示具體的某一天，用于具體的日期和星期，節(jié)日；特定的某一天的上午、下午或晚上等。onMondayonSpringFestivalonOctober1stonthenightofOctober1stontheeveofNewYearonafinedayonhisfirstdaytoschoolin強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間段，常用在世紀(jì)年代、年、月、季節(jié)或泛指的上午、下午或晚上前。in2023,inSeptember,insummer,inthemorning/afternoon/evening還可表示“在……之后/之內(nèi)”,通常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)中。Hewillcomehomein10days.十天以后他會(huì)回家。

during表示“在……期間”,強(qiáng)調(diào)在什么時(shí)間過(guò)程中發(fā)生了什么事,不表示在此過(guò)程中事件發(fā)生的起止時(shí)間。

Ihavelearnedalotduringmyjuniorhighschool.其他常見(jiàn)介詞

介詞 用法舉例since“since+（過(guò)去）時(shí)間點(diǎn)”，表示“從一時(shí)刻起（事件開(kāi)始發(fā)生）”通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用Themuseumhasbeentheresince1944.for“for+時(shí)間段”，表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)的時(shí)長(zhǎng)Myunclehasworkedonthefarm

for

tenyears.from表示時(shí)間的開(kāi)始，“從”from...to...

從......到......OussportsmeetingwilllastfromMondaytoFriday. throughduring表示“在……期間”；through表示“從頭到尾；自始至終”。

Thechildrenaretooyoungtositthroughtheconcert.孩子們太小，音樂(lè)會(huì)還沒(méi)結(jié)束就坐不住了。afterafter+時(shí)間段，表示“在一段時(shí)間以后”，常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用；after+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，常用將來(lái)時(shí)After

threeyears,Ifoundajobinabank.before常+時(shí)間點(diǎn)Hemustbebackhomebefore10介詞 用法舉例till/until表示“到……為止；直至”。Hedidn’tleavetheofficeuntil12o’clock.（非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）Let’sstayheretilltomorrow.（延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）1.MostofthevillagerstookpartintheDragonBoatraces_____9:00a.m._____themorningofJane7. A.at,in B.on,on C.on,in D.at,onD2._____October1,wewillcelebratetheseventiethbirthdayofthePeople’sRepublicofChina. A.On

B.In C.At3.I’mgoingout.I’llbeback_____anhour.

A.at B.on C.in D.fromAC4.XinhuaZidian,ortheNewChineseDictionary,wasfirstpublished____1953. A.on B.in C.at D.for5.Mybrotherjoinedthearmy_____Septemberlastyear. A.on B.by C.at D.inBD6.________(在……期間)hisstayinBeijing,hemadesomeforeignfriends.During1.at,in,from

at和in指在某處。

at

后通常接相對(duì)較小的地點(diǎn);athome;attheschoolgate

in

后通常接相對(duì)較大的地點(diǎn)。inChina;inNeijing

from指來(lái)自某處?？键c(diǎn)二：方位介詞2.in,on,to,off

in,on和to常用于表示兩個(gè)地方的位置關(guān)系。

in表示在某一范圍內(nèi)部；

on表示接壤；

to表示不在范圍內(nèi)，即二者之間有距離間隔，也不接壤。

off通常表示兩地的距離。Dalian

is

in

thenorthof

China.Hubei

is

on

thenorthof

Hunan.Australia

lies

to

thesouthof

China.Theyarrivedatahouseoffthemainroad.3.above,over,on&below,under&against

above

表示“在……上方;在……之上”，不一定在正上方，反義詞為below;

over表示“在……的上方”，強(qiáng)調(diào)位于物體正上方，反義詞為under（兩個(gè)物體間有接觸或無(wú)接觸）;

on表示“在……上”，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)物體間有接觸;against表示“倚;靠;撞”。Aplaneisflying

above

us.Icouldhearthenoiseintheyard

below

mywindow.Therearemanybooks

on

theshelf.Thereisabridge

over

theriver.Thereisaball

under

theteacher’sdesk.Bobsatdownagainstatree.4.across,through,over,past

across

和through

都有“從一邊到另一邊”的意思。

across

主要指“(從某物的表面上)橫過(guò)”;

through主要指“(從某物的空間內(nèi))穿過(guò)”。over主要指“(從某物的上方)越過(guò)；經(jīng)過(guò)”。

past主要指“(從旁邊)經(jīng)過(guò)”Becarefulwhenyouwalk

across

theroad.Theoldmanwent

through

theforest.

5.between,among,of

between

表示“在兩者之間”，可構(gòu)成between...and...短語(yǔ)。

among表示“在三者或三者以上之間；……之一”；

of表示范圍，“在……中”。Thereisalongbridgebetweenthetwocities.Theworkerswillbuildamuseumbetweenthecinemaandthepark.There’ssnowatthetop

of

themountain.6.by,beside,near

by表示“在……旁邊”，較near更近。

Shelikessittingbytheriver.

她喜歡坐在河邊。

beside表示“在旁邊(或附近)”,

相當(dāng)于nextto。

Iwasstandingrightbesideheratthattime.

那時(shí)候我恰好就站在她的旁邊。

near表示“在……附近”，可表示空間、時(shí)間關(guān)系等。

Shesitsnearthewindow.

她坐在窗戶(hù)附近。其他常見(jiàn)的方位介詞behind表示“在……后面;在……的背面”。如:Pleaseclosethedoorbehindyou.請(qǐng)隨手關(guān)門(mén)。around/round表示“在……四周;圍繞;向各處”。如:Theytookawalkaroundthelakeafterdinner.晚飯后他們繞湖散步。opposite=acrossfrom表示“與……相對(duì);在……對(duì)面”。如:Thepostofficeisopposite/acrossfromthepark.郵局在公園對(duì)面。++++"+←#十#一注意:behind還可表示“支持;贊成”。如:Sheknewthatherfamilywererightbehindherwhatevershedecidedtodo.她知道,無(wú)論她決定做什么,她的家人肯定會(huì)支持她。其他常見(jiàn)的方位介詞behind表示“在……后面;在……的背面”。Pleaseclosethedoorbehindyou.請(qǐng)

隨手關(guān)門(mén)。around/round表示“在……四周;圍繞;向各處”。Theytookawalkaroundthelakeafterdinner.晚飯后他們繞湖散步。opposite=acrossfrom表示“與……相對(duì);在……對(duì)面”。Thepostofficeisopposite/acrossfromthepark.郵局在公園對(duì)面。注意:behind還可表示“支持;贊成”。

Sheknewthatherfamilywereright

behindherwhatevershedecidedtodo.她知道,

無(wú)論她決定做什么,她的家人肯定會(huì)支持她。妙辨異同：infrontof/inthefrontof/infront

infrontof：表示“在……前面”,

為介詞短語(yǔ),

指在某人/物體前面。inthefrontof：表示“在……前部”,為介詞短語(yǔ),指在某一物體內(nèi)部的前面。infront：表示“在前面”,為副詞短語(yǔ)。walkinfront走在前面1.Thehigh-speedtrain______QingdaoandBeijingtravelsfasternow.Thetrainridetakesonlyaboutthreehours. A.from

B.among

C.in D.betweenD2.—Look,thereisacutebird,Mom.—Itflewintoourkitchen_____thewindowjustnow,Alex. A.across B.through C.above D.underB3.Benwashelpinghismotherwhentherainbegantobeatheavily______thewindows. A.against B.across C.above D.below4.Hewrotehisphonenumber_____apieceofpaper.

A.on

B.for C.in D.fromAA5.Look!Aboyisdrawing

thebridgewhichis

theriver. A.over；onB.over；above

C.on；over6.Thebrightsunlightcomesintotheroom_____thewindow. A.through

B.across C.pastCA7.Weplantedsomeflowers_____thegardenyesterday. A.on B.to C.in D.of8.—ShallIhelpyou_____thestreet,Grandpa?—No,thanks.Icanmanageitmyself. A.on B.with C.across D.alongCC介詞 用法舉例by用某種方式、手段或途徑等，后接v-ing或不帶冠詞的單數(shù)名詞byhand;bycar;byworkingwithagroupin表示“使用(某種語(yǔ)言/方式/材料)”inalowvoice;inEnglish;writeinpencilwith表示用具體的工具做某事。后接單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，需要帶冠詞。writewithapen;withhisbothhandsthrough指媒介、方法，表示“通過(guò)……方式

/

方法；憑借；經(jīng)由”；

(幾乎等同于by)IhearditthroughKen.on指媒介、方式,主要指用網(wǎng)絡(luò)、電話(huà)、收音機(jī)、 電話(huà)等。Theyarediscussingmathproblemsonthephone.考點(diǎn)二：方式介詞注意:in還可以表示穿著。agirlinred一個(gè)穿紅衣服的女孩1.______thehelpofmoderntechnology,scientistsgotaphotoofablackhole. A.At B.In C.On D.With2.Thisstoryis______simpleEnglish.Mylittlesistercanreadit.

A.for B.in C.with D.byDB3.MoreandmorepeopleinQingdaogotowork______subwaynow. A.with B.on C.in D.byD介詞 用法舉例including表示“包含……在內(nèi)”Joggingisgoodformostpeople,includingtheold.besides表示“除了……之外(還有，包含在內(nèi))”Allthestudents’homeworkhadalotofmistakes,besidesBen’s.Sotheteacherwasveryangrywitheveryone.except表示“除了……之外(被排除在外)”Allthestudents’homeworkhadalotofmistakes,exceptBen’s.SotheteacherspokehighlyofBenintheclass.but除了……之外（什么也沒(méi)有）;but后接的詞是僅有或存在的內(nèi)容，常和nobody,none,nothing等表示否定意義的詞連用Icandonothingbutwait考點(diǎn)三：其他介詞1.including,besides,except,but介詞 用法舉例for

支持

(注意：for還可以表示價(jià)格和目的。)Areyoufororagainsttheplan?against反對(duì);倚著、靠著againstthelawagainstthewall.beyond超過(guò)Itisbeyondhumanpower.as作為;當(dāng)作;后接表示職務(wù)、職業(yè)、身份等的名詞workasaChineseteacherlike像……一樣;例如Helaughshappily,likeakid.Lilylikesbrighcolors,likered.on/about關(guān)于……abookonChinesehistory1.for,against,beyond,as,like,on/about其他常見(jiàn)的方位介詞behind表示“在……后面;在……的背面”。如:Pleaseclosethedoorbehindyou.請(qǐng)隨手關(guān)門(mén)。around/round表示“在……四周;圍繞;向各處”。如:Theytookawalkaroundthelakeafterdinner.晚飯后他們繞湖散步。opposite=acrossfrom表示“與……相對(duì);在……對(duì)面”。如:Thepostofficeisopposite/acrossfromthepark.郵局在公園對(duì)面。++++"+←#十#一注意:behind還可表示“支持;贊成”。如:Sheknewthatherfamilywererightbehindherwhatevershedecidedtodo.她知道,無(wú)論她決定做什么,她的家人肯定會(huì)支持她。for表目的satyforthenight留下過(guò)夜表原因befamousfor因……出名表用途、對(duì)象begoodfor對(duì)……有好處標(biāo)價(jià)格shesoldheroldbagfor10yuan.她以10元價(jià)格賣(mài)了她的舊包。表贊成Areyoufortheplan?表方向IsthistrainforYibin?這是去宜賓的火車(chē)嗎？1.Iwanttolearnasecondforeignlanguage_____English. A.except B.beside

C.besides D.exceptfor2.Intheworld,morethan30%ofschoolsdonotprovidesafedrinkingwater______about570millionchildren. A.with B.for C.towardsCB3.—DoyouhavethisT-shirtinadifferentcolor?—I’mafraidnot.Itonlycomes____red. A.of B.in C.for4.—IwanttowatchTVthewholedayafterthelongjourney.

—Youshouldn’twatchTVtoomuch.It’sbad____youreyes. A.on

B.in C.for D.withBC5.Tomygreatjoy,myfamilyisalways_____mewhateverIdecidetodo.

A.behind

B.to C.from D.against6.Yesterdayourheadmastermadeaspeech_____environmentalprotection,andwelearnedsomethingaboutrecyclingofwaste. A.on B.at C.toAA7.Let’stakeawalk____theriverafterdinner,shallwe? A.along B.through

C.upon D.over8.—Isthatyourheadmaster?

—Youmeantheman____blue? A.on

B.with C.inAC9.Ithinkteawilltastebetter_____somemilkinit. A.for B.with C.from D.at10.

If

you

have

a

sore

throat,

you

could

drink

some

hot

tea_____

honey.

A.with

B.at

C.

onBA11.MyEnglishteacheralwayscomesintotheclassroom____asmile. A.by B.for C.on D.with12.It’sveryimportant

ustomakeaplanbeforeanewtermbegins. A.of B.with C.by D.fo