Unit+4+Natural+Disasters+單元過(guò)關(guān)測(cè)試卷 高中英語(yǔ)人教版必修第一冊(cè)

Unit4NaturalDisastersClass________Group_________Name___________Scores_________Ⅰ使用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞正確的形式填空（每題1分，20分）1.Thisisoneoftheworstnatural_____________(災(zāi)難)thathitthearea.2.Achild’sbehaviorcan__________________(影響)byanunhappyhomeenvironment.3.Firemenwerecalledout_____________(營(yíng)救)amantrappedinthebuilding.4.Thepeopleintheearthquake-strickenareaareinneedoffood,medicineand___________(避難處)．5.Withmoreforests___________________(摧毀),hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.6.Theaccidentcaused3___________(死亡)and20gotinjured7.Latestreportssaythatmudslides_____________(埋)entirevillagelateryesterdayafternoon.8.Finallyhis_____________(努力)paidoff.9.Hegaveanexampleofbraveryand_____________(智慧)．10.He_________________(提供)mewiththenecessaryinformationsofar.11.Theunderseaquake______________(侵襲)around7:00a.m.,lastSundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.12.Iamhavingsomeflowers______________(遞送)forherbirthday.13.Heavyfloods______________(橫掃)awayhouses,roads,andtookawaythelivesofmany.14.Hewassodrunkthathehadlostthe_____________(力量)ofspeech.15.Theyescapedthroughan______________(緊急)exitandcalledthepolice.16.Trytokeep____________(鎮(zhèn)靜的)andjusttellmewhathappened.17.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanic____________(爆發(fā)).18.Iwouldlike______________(呼吸)thefreshairintheopenair.19.After______________(幸存)theearthquake,theycherishthelifenow.20.Yourbadhabitscanhavean_____________(影響)onyourlifeallthetime.Ⅱ完形填空（每題1分，共15分）（2021·江蘇·高一期中）AliaBakerisalibrarianinIraq.Herlibraryusedtobea

____1____

placeforallwholovedbooksandlikedtoshareknowledge.Theydiscussedvariousmattersallovertheworld.Whenthewarwasnear,Aliawasworriedthatthefiresofwarwoulddestroythebooks,whicharemore

____2____

toherthanmountainsofgold.Thebooksareineverylanguage—newbooks,ancientbooks,

____3____

abookonthehistoryofIraqthatissevenhundredyearsold.Shehadaskedthegovernmentfor

____4____

tomovethebookstoasafeplace,buttheyrefused.SoAliatookmattersintoherownhands.

____5____,shebroughtbookshomeeverynight,

____6____

hercarlateafterwork.Herfriendscameto

____7____

herwhenthewarbrokeout.Aniswhoownedarestaurantagreedtohidesomebooks.Allthroughthe

____8____,Alia,Anis,hisbrothersandneighborstookthebooksfromthelibrary,

____9____

themovertheseven-footwalland

____10____

themintherestaurant.Thebooksstayedhiddenasthewar

____11____.Thenninedayslater,afireburnedthe

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totheground.Oneday,thebombingstoppedandthesoldiersleft.Butthewarwasnotoveryet.Aliaknewthatifthebooksweretobesafe,theymustbe

____13____

againwhilethecitywas

____14____.Soshehiredatrucktobringallthebookstothehousesoffriendsinthesuburbs(郊區(qū)).NowAliawaitedforthewartoendand

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peaceandanewlibrary.1．A．meeting

B．working

C．personal

D．religious2．A．practical

B．precious

C．reliable

D．expensive3．A．then

B．still

C．even

D．rather4．A．a(chǎn)greement

B．confirmation

C．explanation

D．information5．A．Fortunately

B．Surprisingly

C．Seriously

D．Secretly6．A．starting

B．parking

C．filling

D．testing7．A．stop

B．help

C．warn

D．rescue8．A．war

B．way

C．building

D．night9．A．put

B．opened

C．passed

D．threw10．A．hid

B．exchanged

C．burnt

D．distributed11．A．a(chǎn)pproached

B．erupted

C．continued

D．ended12．A．restaurant

B．library

C．city

D．wall13．A．sold

B．read

C．saved

D．moved14．A．occupied

B．bombed

C．quiet

D．busy15．A．dreamedof

B．believedin

C．caredabout

D．lookedforⅢ閱讀理解（每題2分，共20分）AHavinglivedinCaliforniauntil1970,myfamilyhasfeltanumberofearthquakes.Wehavebeenfortunate,however,tohavesufferednobodilyharmorpropertydamage.ThereisawebsitethatlistsallCaliforniaearthquakesrecordedfrom1769tothepresent.Thesitelists,thedatesandtimesaswellasthemagnitude(震級(jí))andtheexactlocationofanyquakethatmeasuredmorethan6.0.Thereareonlyafewquakesthatstandoutinmymemoryand,luckily,noneisshowninthewebsite.So,mypersonalexperiencewithearthquakesmightbeconsideredinsignificant.Therearethreeearthquakesthataredifficulttoforget.Thefirstonewasin1955andouroldestdaughterwaswalkingwithmeinourbackyardinRedwoodCityinCalifornia.AstheshakingbecamestrongerIheldhertomewithonearmasIheldontooneofourfruittreeswiththeother.Allthreeofus(mydaughter,Iandthetree)shookfortwoorthreeminutesthattousfeltlikehours.Thesecondonewasin1963.OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneylandinSouthernCalifornia.Theearthstartedtoshakejustaswewerebeginningtowalkfromourhoteltowardthefamouslandmark.MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia.ItwasinmysixtiesandIwasaloneinanoldchurch.Asthebuildingstartedtoshake,Iquicklyheadedforthedoortogooutside.IrememberIsaidalittleprayer—somethinglike,“Helpmegetoutofhereintime,DearHeavenlyFather”.Minuteslater,Iwassafeoutside.1.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlytotellusabout________.A.anewfilmaboutanearthquakeB.howtosurviveanearthquakeC.histhreeearthquakeexperiencesD.howtosavechildreninanearthquake2.Theearthquakestheauthorhasexperienced________.A.allcausedbodilyharmB.areallrecordedinawebsiteC.allmeasuredmorethan6.0D.allhappenedinCalifornia3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefamouslandmark”referto?A.Achurch.B.Disneyland.C.Abuildingdestroyedbyanearthquake.D.Theplacewheretheauthorwasborn.BLivingthroughanaturaldisasterisatraumatic(痛苦的)experienceforeveryone,especiallyforchildren.AnewstudybypsychologistAnnetteLaGrecaandherco-workers,indicatesthatsomechildrenwhodirectlyexperienceadamaginghurricanestillshowsignsofpost-traumaticstress(PTS)almosttwoyearsaftertheevent.Thefindingssuggestthatnewmodelsforintervention(干預(yù))tohelpchildrenafteranaturaldisasterareneeded.Previousresearchmainlyhasfocusedonchildrenduringthefewmonthsafteramajorhurricane,ortwoyearsormoreaftertheevent.Mostoftheexistingpost-hurricaneinterventionsaredesignedforchildrenexperiencingPTStwoyearsormoreaftertheevent.Thenewstudy“picksupwhereothersleftoff”,assessingchildrenduringthein-betweenperiod,atninemonths(TimeOne)andthenat21monthsafterahurricane(TimeTwo),explainsLaGreca.“Therehavebeennotestedinterventionsdevelopedforchildrenwhostillshowsignificantsymptoms(癥狀)ofPTSalmostayearafteradamaginghurricane,”saysLaGreca.“Whatthisstudyshowsisthattheremaybeaneedtotestinterventionprogramstobeusedfromseveralmonthstotwoyearspost-disaster,tokeepkidsfromdevelopingendlessstress.Thesymptomsthechildrenexperiencerangefromcontinuallyappearingdreamsaboutthehurricane,tobeinganxious,moreunfocused,feelinglikenobodyunderstandsthem,moredifficultysleeping,andfeelingmoresadorfearfulthanbeforethedisaster.Inadditiontoexperiencesdirectlyrelatedtothehurricane,othereventsinthelifeofachildduringtherecoveryperiod,suchasparentsseparationoranillnessinthefamily,have“acascadingeffect”thataddsthechild’sdifficulties.Interestingly,socialsupportfrompeerswasfoundtobeveryimportantinhelpingtoprotectthechildfromthepsychologicalimpactofthehurricane.“Forchildrenthathaveexperiencedadamaginghurricane,reconnectingwithfriendsprovidesabuffer(緩沖)tothenegativeexperiences,helpingkidshavegreaterresilienceandadaptbettertolifeafterthedisaster,”saysLaGreca.4.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?A.Focusonwhatotherstudiesachieved.B.Continuetoresearchwhereotherstudiesstop.C.Researchwhereotherstudiesfailed.D.Takewhatothersleftinanyplace.5.Greca’sstudytriedtofindinterventionsforchildren___.A.afewmonthsafteramajorhurricaneB.twoyearsafteranaturaldisasterC.fromseveralmonthstotwoyearsafteradisasterD.ninemonthsbeforeanaturaldisaster6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“acascadingeffect”inParagraph4referto?A.Aseriesofinfluences.B.Aprocessofreactions.C.Anumberofcauses.D.Amassofreasons.CEarthquakesusuallyhappenontheedgesoflargesectionsoftheEarth’splates.Theseplatesslowlymoveoveralongperiodoftime.Sometimestheedges,whicharecalledfaultlines,cangetstuck,buttheplateskeepmoving.Pressureslowlystartstobuildupwheretheedgesarestuckand,oncethepressuregetsstrongenough,theplatessuddenlymovecausinganearthquake.Generallybeforeandafteralargeearthquaketherewillbesmallerearthquakes.Theonesthathappenbeforearecalledforeshocks.Theonesthathappenafterarecalledaftershocks.Scientistsdon’treallyknowifanearthquakeisaforeshockuntilthebiggerearthquakeoccurs.Shockwavesfromanearthquakethattravelthroughthegroundarecalledseismicwaves(地震波).Theyaremostpowerfulatthecenteroftheearthquake,buttheytravelthroughmuchoftheearthandbacktothesurface.Theymovequicklyat20timesthespeedofsound.Scientistsuseseismicwavestomeasurehowbiganearthquakeis.Theyuseadevicecalledaseismograph(地震儀)tomeasurethesizeofthewaves.Thesizeofthewavesiscalledthemagnitude.TotellthestrengthofanearthquakescientistsuseascalecalledthemomentmagnitudescaleorMMS(itusedtobecalledtheRichterscale).ThelargerthenumberontheMMSscale,thelargertheearthquake.Youusuallywon’tevennoticeanearthquakeunlessitmeasuresatleasta3ontheMMSscale.Herearesomeexamplesofwhatmayhappendependingonthescale:4.0--Couldshakeyourhouseasifalargetruckwerepassingcloseby.Somepeoplemaynotnotice.5.0--Ifyouareinacar,itmayshake.Glassesanddishesmayrattle.Windowsmaybreak.6.0--Itemswillfalloffshelves.Wallsinsomehousesmaycrackandwindowsmaybreak.Prettymucheveryonenearthecenterwillfeelthisone.7.0--Weakerbuildingswillcollapseandcrackswilloccurinbridgesandonthestreet.8.0--Manybuildingsandbridgesfalldown.Largecracksintheearth.9.0andup--Wholecitiesflattenedandlarge-scaledamage.7.Ifa5.0-magnitudeearthquakehityourarea,whatmighthappen?A.Yourhousemightshakeviolently.B.Peoplemightfeelnoshakingatall.C.Thefamilyphotomayfalloffthewall.D.Theremightbecrackseverywhereonthestreet.8.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2?A.It’sstillhardtotellforeshocksfrommainearthquakes.B.Scientistscan’texactlymeasurethestrengthofanearthquake.C.Peoplemayignoreforeshockswhenanearthquakeisnotsostrong.D.Theearthquakewon’tcauseanydamageunlessitreaches9.0MMS.9.Howdoesthewriterexplaintheconceptsconcerningtheearthquake?A.Bylistingexamples.B.Bygivingexplanations.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byofferingdata.10.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toenrichpeople’sknowledgeofself-rescueindisasters.B.Tostresstheimportanceofearthquakerescue.C.Toissueearlywarningsbeforeanearthquake.D.Topresentfactsabouttheearthquake.Ⅳ七選五（每題2分，共10分）ThefiresinmanypartsofBrazil’sAmazonareahavebroughtaninternationaloutcrytosavetheworld’slargestrainforest.1ActorLeonardoDiCaprioalsooffered$5millionforeffortstosavetheforest.TheWorldWildlifeFoundation(WWF)saystheworld'slargestrainforestcontainsmillionsofspeciesofplantsandanimals.2Amongthebestknownanimalsarejaguars,eagles,pinkriverdolphins,parrots,largesnakesandmanybutterflies.TheWWFsaystheforestscontainover40,000kindsofplantsandthe6,500kilometersofriverscontain3,000kindsoffreshwaterfish.Morethan30millionpeopleliveintheAmazonareaanddependontheforestsforfoodandshelter.Therainforestisoftencalledthe"lungsoftheplanet".3CarlosNobreisaUniversityofSaoPauloclimatescientist.HesaidabetterwaytothinkabouttheAmazon'sroleisasasink,takingCO2fromtheatmosphere.Currently,theworldisreleasingaround36billionmetrictonsofCO2intotheatmosphereeveryyear.AndtheAmazonabsorbsaboutfivepercentoftheCO2makingitimportantinpreventingclimatechange.4Theyaremostlysetillegallybypeoplewhoareclearingtheforesttoraisecattleandcrops.Peopleclearthelandbycuttingdownthetreesduringtherainyseason.5Fullyclearingthethickforestforagriculturalusecantakeseveralyearsofcuttingandburning.A.Manyofthemarestillunknown.B.Thefireledtointernationalconcern.C.ThecurrentfiresintheAmazonarenotwildfires.D.TheAmazonrainforestisimportanttorainfallinthearea.E.Thentheyletthetreesdryoutandburnthemduringthedryseason.F.Butthatmightnotbethebestwaytodescribethearea'simportance.G.WealthynationshaveofferedBrazilatleast$22milliontofightthefires.Ⅴ語(yǔ)法填空（每題1分，共10分）Severaldaysbefore28July1976,manystrangethingshappenedinTangshan.Thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell.Deepcracksappearedinthewellwalls,andeven1.__________(smell)gaswascomingoutofonewell.Someanimalsalsohadsomeunusualbehavior.Butpeopleinthecity,2._________wereasleepasusualthatnight,didn'tthinkmuchofthese.At3:42a.m.,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturybrokeout.ItdestroyedthecityandevencauseddamageinBeijing.Inlessthanoneminute,Tangshan3._________(lie)inruins.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledor4._____________(terrible)injuredinthequake5.___________(be)morethan400,000.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakestruckTangshanagain.Morebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehard6.___________(get).Butallthehopewasn'tlost.Soonafterthequakes,teamswereorganizedtodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Manymorepeople,7.____________(include)workersanddoctors,cametoprovidehelp.Throughallthe8.___________(effort),thecitybegantobreatheagain.Today,9.__________newTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins,whichhasproved10._________theentireworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.Ⅵ讀后續(xù)寫（25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩端，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iwalkedintoarestaurantandsatdownatatable.Ipickedupamenu,tryingtodecidewhattoeat."Excuseme.IsyournameRoger?"askedsomeone,whotouchedmeontheshoulder.Ilookedupandturnedtothesidetoseearathernicelookingwomanstandingbeforeme."Yes,"Ireplied,lookingratherconfusedasIhadneverseenthewomanbefore."MynameisBarbaraandmyhusbandisTony.HeisfromGeorgeHighSchool,"shesaid,pointingtoadistanttablenearthedoor.IlookedinthedirectionbutIdidnotrecognizethemanwhowassittingaloneatthetable,withawheelchairaroundthecorner."I'mreallysorry.Thenamedoesn'tringabell,"Isaid.Sheturnedandwalkedbacktohertable.Sheandherhusbandimmediatelybegantalkingandonceinawhilelookeddirectlyatme.Isatthere,thinkinghardandtriedtorememberwhothisTonyguywas."Imustknowhim,"Ithoughttomyself."Herecognizesmeforsomereason."Ipickedupmycoffeeandtookasip.Allofasudden,itcametomelikeaflashlightning."TonyTHEBULLY(校園霸凌者).Thebullyofmyseventhgradegeographyclass,"Isaidtomyself.Iturnedaroundandfacedinhisdirection.Howmanytimesthatguyhadmadefunofmybigearsinfrontofgirls?Howmanytimeshecalledme"four-eyedtoad"Howmanytimeshepushedmeupagainstthelockersjusttomakehimselflooklikeabigmantoalltheotherstudents?Heraisedhishandandwavedatme.Ismiled,returnedthewaveandturnedbackandbegantoeatmybreakfast."Goodness.He'ssothinnow.NotthebigguythatIremembered,"Ithoughttomyself.注意：1．所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好；Paragraph1:AllofasuddenIheardthesoundofdishesbreakingsoIturnedaroundtoseewhathadhappened.