上傳人：l***

認(rèn)證信息

認(rèn)證類(lèi)型：個(gè)人認(rèn)證

認(rèn)證主體：李**（實(shí)名認(rèn)證）

IP屬地：天津

IP屬地：天津 上傳時(shí)間：2024-07-03 格式：DOCX 頁(yè)數(shù)：29 大?。?8.19KB 積分：15 舉報(bào) 版權(quán)申訴

Word文檔TED英語(yǔ)演講：我們需要談?wù)劜还鼴ryan沒(méi)用任何圖表和道具。為我們敘述了在花哨的懲戒上美國(guó)走的有點(diǎn)太遠(yuǎn)了，呼吁即使是罪犯也需要公正的對(duì)待。由于我們的生存和每一個(gè)人的生存都分不開(kāi)。我們?cè)诳萍己驮O(shè)計(jì)上的前景，在消遣和制造力上的眼光，必需與人性、慈善、和公正的遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)相結(jié)合，往前看!下面是我為大家收集關(guān)于TED英語(yǔ)演講：我們需要談?wù)劜还?，歡迎借鑒參考。

演說(shuō)題目：我們需要談?wù)劜还?

演說(shuō)者：BryanStevenson

演講稿

Wellthisisareallyextraordinaryhonorforme.Ispendmostofmytimeinjails,inprisons,ondeathrow.Ispendmostofmytimeinverylow-incomecommunitiesintheprojectsandplaceswheretheresagreatdealofhopelessness.AndbeinghereatTEDandseeingthestimulation,hearingit,hasbeenvery,veryenergizingtome.AndoneofthethingsthatsemergedinmyshorttimehereisthatTEDhasanidentity.Andyoucanactuallysaythingsherethathaveimpactsaroundtheworld.AndsometimeswhenitcomesthroughTED,ithasmeaningandpowerthatitdoesnthavewhenitdoesnt.

很榮幸來(lái)到這里我大多數(shù)時(shí)候都在管教所，在監(jiān)獄里，在死囚室中大部分時(shí)間我在低收入的社區(qū)里工作在布滿無(wú)望的地區(qū)，做前途暗淡的項(xiàng)目今日來(lái)到TED看到聽(tīng)到這些感動(dòng)人心的演講給了我一針強(qiáng)心劑在這短短的時(shí)間里，我留意到TED有自己的定位你可以看到這里發(fā)生的事情影響全世界有時(shí)當(dāng)事情發(fā)生在TED的講臺(tái)上比發(fā)生在別處更有意義，更有影響

AndImentionthatbecauseIthinkidentityisreallyimportant.Andwevehadsomefantasticpresentations.AndIthinkwhatwevelearnedisthat,ifyoureateacheryourwordscanbemeaningful,butifyoureacompassionateteacher,theycanbeespeciallymeaningful.Ifyoureadoctoryoucandosomegoodthings,butifyoureacaringdoctoryoucandosomeotherthings.AndsoIwanttotalkaboutthepowerofidentity.AndIdidntlearnaboutthisactuallypracticinglawanddoingtheworkthatIdo.Iactuallylearnedaboutthisfrommygrandmother.

我提起這個(gè)是由于我覺(jué)得自我定位很重要我們已經(jīng)聽(tīng)了一些精彩的演說(shuō)我們已經(jīng)體會(huì)到作為一個(gè)老師，你的話是有影響力的假如你是個(gè)很慈善的老師你的教育就非常意味深長(zhǎng)作為一個(gè)醫(yī)生，你能夠關(guān)心人假如你是個(gè)體恤病人的醫(yī)生，你能關(guān)心更多所以我想講講定位的重要性我不是從做律師或者做其他項(xiàng)目學(xué)到怎樣自我定位的我其實(shí)是從我外婆那里學(xué)到的

IgrewupinahousethatwasthetraditionalAfrican-Americanhomethatwasdominatedbyamatriarch,andthatmatriarchwasmygrandmother.Shewastough,shewasstrong,shewaspowerful.Shewastheendofeveryargumentinourfamily.Shewasthebeginningofalotofargumentsinourfamily.Shewasthedaughterofpeoplewhowereactuallyenslaved.HerparentswereborninslaveryinVirginiainthe1840s.Shewasborninthe1880sandtheexperienceofslaveryverymuchshapedthewayshesawtheworld.

我的家庭是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的黑人家庭只有一個(gè)女家長(zhǎng)就是我的外婆她很堅(jiān)韌，也很強(qiáng)壯威嚴(yán)凜凜家里有爭(zhēng)吵，她有打算權(quán)不過(guò)許多事兒也是她挑起來(lái)的她的父母曾是真正的黑奴弗吉尼亞州19世紀(jì)40年月，她父母落草為奴我外婆是十九世紀(jì)八十年月生的這段父母被奴役的經(jīng)受打算了她看世界的角度

Andmygrandmotherwastough,butshewasalsoloving.WhenIwouldseeherasalittleboy,shedcomeuptomeandshedgivemethesehugs.AndshedsqueezemesotightIcouldbarelybreatheandthenshedletmego.Andanhourortwolater,ifIsawher,shedcomeovertomeandshedsay,Bryan,doyoustillfeelmehuggingyou?AndifIsaid,No,shedassaultmeagain,andifIsaid,Yes,shedleavemealone.Andshejusthadthisqualitythatyoualwayswantedtobenearher.Andtheonlychallengewasthatshehad10children.Mymomwastheyoungestofher10kids.AndsometimeswhenIwouldgoandspendtimewithher,itwouldbedifficulttogethertimeandattention.Mycousinswouldberunningaroundeverywhere.

我的外婆很強(qiáng)勢(shì)，但她也很慈祥當(dāng)我是個(gè)小男孩時(shí)每次見(jiàn)到她都擁抱我她抱得那么緊，我都透不過(guò)氣來(lái)然后她才會(huì)放開(kāi)我一兩個(gè)小時(shí)之后，當(dāng)我再見(jiàn)她她會(huì)過(guò)來(lái)問(wèn)我：“還能感覺(jué)我的擁抱么?”假如我說(shuō)“感覺(jué)不到了”，她就再度出擊直到我說(shuō)“感覺(jué)得到”，她才放開(kāi)我她就是有這個(gè)力量讓你老是想親近她唯一的挑戰(zhàn)是她有十個(gè)兒女我媽媽是十個(gè)里最年輕的經(jīng)常當(dāng)我去和外婆親近時(shí)很難讓她留意到我，有時(shí)間陪我我的表兄妹們總是無(wú)處不在

AndIremember,whenIwasabouteightornineyearsold,wakinguponemorning,goingintothelivingroom,andallofmycousinswererunningaround.Andmygrandmotherwassittingacrosstheroomstaringatme.AndatfirstIthoughtwewereplayingagame.AndIwouldlookatherandIdsmile,butshewasveryserious.Andafterabout15or20minutesofthis,shegotupandshecameacrosstheroomandshetookmebythehandandshesaid,Comeon,Bryan.YouandIaregoingtohaveatalk.AndIrememberthisjustlikeithappenedyesterday.Ineverwillforgetit.

我記得，當(dāng)我八九歲時(shí)的一次我早上醒來(lái)，跑到客廳全部的表兄妹都在我外婆坐在房間的另一端盯著我看一開(kāi)頭我以為我們?cè)谕骀覒蛭揖涂椿厝ィ瑢?duì)她笑笑但我外婆是很?chē)?yán)厲?的也許十五還是二非常鐘之后她站起來(lái)，穿過(guò)房間牽住我的手對(duì)我說(shuō)：“過(guò)來(lái)，布萊恩，我們得談?wù)劇！边@就像是昨天才發(fā)生的一樣我永久忘不掉

Shetookmeoutbackandshesaid,Bryan,Imgoingtotellyousomething,butyoudonttellanybodywhatItellyou.Isaid,Okay,Mama.Shesaid,Nowyoumakesureyoudontdothat.Isaid,Sure.Thenshesatmedownandshelookedatmeandshesaid,IwantyoutoknowIvebeenwatchingyou.Andshesaid,Ithinkyourespecial.Shesaid,Ithinkyoucandoanythingyouwanttodo.Iwillneverforgetit.

她把我?guī)У揭贿呎f(shuō)：“我想和你說(shuō)些事，你不許和任何人說(shuō)。”我答應(yīng)了：“好的，姥姥?！彼f(shuō)：“保證絕不說(shuō)出去。”我回答：“保證?！比缓笪覀冏?，她看著我說(shuō)：“我想讓你知道我觀看你一段時(shí)間了。”接著她說(shuō)：“你是個(gè)特殊的孩子?！彼f(shuō)：“我確信你是無(wú)所不能的。”這我永久不會(huì)遺忘

Andthenshesaid,Ijustneedyoutopromisemethreethings,Bryan.Isaid,Okay,Mama.Shesaid,ThefirstthingIwantyoutopromisemeisthatyoullalwaysloveyourmom.Shesaid,Thatsmybabygirl,andyouhavetopromisemenowyoullalwaystakecareofher.WellIadoredmymom,soIsaid,Yes,Mama.Illdothat.Thenshesaid,ThesecondthingIwantyoutopromisemeisthatyoullalwaysdotherightthingevenwhentherightthingisthehardthing.AndIthoughtaboutitandIsaid,Yes,Mama.Illdothat.Thenfinallyshesaid,ThethirdthingIwantyoutopromisemeisthatyoullneverdrinkalcohol.(Laughter)WellIwasnineyearsold,soIsaid,Yes,Mama.Illdothat.

接著她說(shuō)：“我想讓你向我保證三件事?！蔽艺f(shuō)：“好的姥姥?！彼f(shuō)：“第一，我想讓你保證你會(huì)永久愛(ài)你的媽媽?！彼f(shuō)：“你媽媽是我的心頭肉，你得向我保證你會(huì)永久愛(ài)惜她?！蔽液軔?ài)我媽媽?zhuān)艺f(shuō)：“好，姥姥，我會(huì)?！苯又f(shuō)：“其次件事，是你要答應(yīng)我你會(huì)永久走正路即使走正路是很難的選擇。”我想了想回答：“好的姥姥，我會(huì)的?！弊罱K她說(shuō)：“第三件事，我要你保證你永不喝酒?！?笑聲)我才九歲，我答應(yīng)：“好，姥姥，我保證?！?/p>

IgrewupinthecountryintheruralSouth,andIhaveabrotherayearolderthanmeandasisterayearyounger.WhenIwasabout14or15,onedaymybrothercamehomeandhehadthissix-packofbeer--Idontknowwherehegotit--andhegrabbedmeandmysisterandwewentoutinthewoods.Andwewerekindofjustouttheredoingthestuffwecrazilydid.Andhehadasipofthisbeerandhegavesometomysisterandshehadsome,andtheyofferedittome.Isaid,No,no,no.Thatsokay.Youallgoahead.Imnotgoingtohaveanybeer.Mybrothersaid,Comeon.Weredoingthistoday;youalwaysdowhatwedo.Ihadsome,yoursisterhadsome.Havesomebeer.Isaid,No,Idontfeelrightaboutthat.Yallgoahead.Yallgoahead.Andthenmybrotherstartedstaringatme.Hesaid,Whatswrongwithyou?Havesomebeer.Thenhelookedatmerealhardandhesaid,Oh,IhopeyourenotstillhunguponthatconversationMamahadwithyou.(Laughter)Isaid,Well,whatareyoutalkingabout?Hesaid,Oh,Mamatellsallthegrandkidsthattheyrespecial.(Laughter)Iwasdevastated.

我在南部的鄉(xiāng)下長(zhǎng)大我有個(gè)哥哥大我一歲，還有個(gè)妹妹小我一歲當(dāng)我十四五歲時(shí)一天我哥哥帶回到家半打啤酒我都不知道他怎么弄到的他帶上我和我妹妹，跑到樹(shù)林里一通瘋玩瘋跑他喝了一口啤酒，遞給我妹妹，她也喝了然后他們遞給了我我說(shuō)：“我不要。沒(méi)事，你們喝。我不喝?！蔽腋绺缯f(shuō)：“來(lái)嘛，我們今個(gè)兒都喝。你老是和我們一條陣線的。我喝了點(diǎn)，妹妹也喝了點(diǎn)，你來(lái)些?！蔽艺f(shuō)：“不，我不想喝。你們喝你們喝。”我哥哥盯住我問(wèn)：“你有什么毛病?喝一點(diǎn)?！苯又?xì)細(xì)端詳了我一會(huì)，問(wèn)我：“噢，你不會(huì)還想著姥姥要你保證的事吧?！?笑聲)我說(shuō)：“你在說(shuō)什么呀?”他說(shuō)：“姥姥和每個(gè)外孫都說(shuō)他很特殊?！?笑聲)我這個(gè)難過(guò)呀

AndImgoingtoadmitsomethingtoyou.ImgoingtotellyousomethingIprobablyshouldnt.Iknowthismightbebroadcastbroadly.ButIm52yearsold,andImgoingtoadmittoyouthatIveneverhadadropofalcohol.(Applause)IdontsaythatbecauseIthinkthatsvirtuous;Isaythatbecausethereispowerinidentity.Whenwecreatetherightkindofidentity,wecansaythingstotheworldaroundusthattheydontactuallybelievemakessense.Wecangetthemtodothingsthattheydontthinktheycando.WhenIthoughtaboutmygrandmother,ofcourseshewouldthinkallhergrandkidswerespecial.Mygrandfatherwasinprisonduringprohibition.Mymaleunclesdiedofalcohol-relateddiseases.Andthesewerethethingsshethoughtweneededtocommitto.

現(xiàn)在我想向大家坦白一件事可能不該在這里說(shuō)由于這個(gè)演講是會(huì)處處播的我今年五十二了我要向大家承認(rèn)我從來(lái)沒(méi)有喝過(guò)一滴酒(掌聲)這不是為了顯派我多有道德是為了說(shuō)明自我定位的威力當(dāng)我們打算了正確的定位我們就可以讓全世界接受他們?cè)瓉?lái)想不到的事情我們能讓世界做他們?cè)瓉?lái)覺(jué)得做不到的事情當(dāng)我想到我的外婆她當(dāng)然覺(jué)得每個(gè)外孫都很特殊我的外公由于違了禁在蹲監(jiān)獄我不止一個(gè)舅舅死與和酗酒有關(guān)的疾病這些原則都是我外婆信任我們應(yīng)當(dāng)堅(jiān)持的

WellIvebeentryingtosaysomethingaboutourcriminaljusticesystem.Thiscountryisverydifferenttodaythanitwas40yearsago.In1972,therewere300,000peopleinjailsandprisons.Today,thereare2.3million.TheUnitedStatesnowhasthehighestrateofincarcerationintheworld.Wehavesevenmillionpeopleonprobationandparole.Andmassincarceration,inmyjudgment,hasfundamentallychangedourworld.Inpoorcommunities,incommunitiesofcolorthereisthisdespair,thereisthishopelessness,thatisbeingshapedbytheseoutcomes.Oneoutofthreeblackmenbetweentheagesof18and30isinjail,inprison,onprobationorparole.Inurbancommunitiesacrossthiscountry--LosAngeles,Philadelphia,Baltimore,Washington--50to60percentofallyoungmenofcolorareinjailorprisonoronprobationorparole.

我想向大家介紹的是我們刑事執(zhí)法系統(tǒng)和四十年前比這個(gè)國(guó)家變了許多在1972年，監(jiān)獄里只有三十萬(wàn)人今日，有兩百三十萬(wàn)今日美國(guó)是世界上服刑人口比例最高的國(guó)家我們有七百萬(wàn)人在緩刑期和假釋期在我看來(lái)，這樣的大量判刑完全轉(zhuǎn)變了我們的世界在貧困的社區(qū)里，在有色人種社區(qū)里布滿了無(wú)望這樣的無(wú)望是由這些轉(zhuǎn)變帶來(lái)的三分之一的黑人男性十八歲到三十歲之間的不是在監(jiān)獄里，就是在緩刑期或者假釋期在全國(guó)各處的城市社區(qū)里洛杉磯，費(fèi)城，巴爾的摩，華盛頓百分之五十到六十的有色人種的年輕人不是在監(jiān)獄里，就是在緩刑期或者假釋期

Oursystemisntjustbeingshapedinthesewaysthatseemtobedistortingaroundrace,theyrealsodistortedbypoverty.Wehaveasystemofjusticeinthiscountrythattreatsyoumuchbetterifyourerichandguiltythanifyourepoorandinnocent.Wealth,notculpability,shapesoutcomes.Andyet,weseemtobeverycomfortable.Thepoliticsoffearandangerhavemadeusbelievethattheseareproblemsthatarenotourproblems.Wevebeendisconnected.

我們的司法系統(tǒng)不僅是轉(zhuǎn)變了而是圍圍著種族問(wèn)題扭曲了也圍圍著貧困扭曲了這個(gè)國(guó)家的司法系統(tǒng)會(huì)對(duì)你特別照看假如你是有罪的富人而不是無(wú)辜的窮人的話財(cái)寶，而不是過(guò)失本身打算了最終結(jié)果可是，我們還挺拘束的呢玩弄恐驚和生氣的政治手腕勸說(shuō)了我們事不關(guān)己高高掛起

Itsinterestingtome.Werelookingatsomeveryinterestingdevelopmentsinourwork.MystateofAlabama,likeanumberofstates,actuallypermanentlydisenfranchisesyouifyouhaveacriminalconviction.RightnowinAlabama34percentoftheblackmalepopulationhaspermanentlylosttherighttovote.Wereactuallyprojectinginanother10yearsthelevelofdisenfranchisementwillbeashighasitsbeensincepriortothepassageoftheVotingRightsAct.Andthereisthisstunningsilence.

我對(duì)這個(gè)很感愛(ài)好我們?nèi)粘９ぷ髂芸匆恍┖苡幸馑嫉淖兏镂宜诘陌⒗婉R州，像許多其他州一樣假如你被判有罪就終身剝奪你的政治權(quán)力現(xiàn)在在阿拉巴馬州百分之三十四的黑人男性永久失去了投票權(quán)我們向前看十年這個(gè)剝奪政治權(quán)利的比例將和投票權(quán)法案通過(guò)之前一樣的高可是沒(méi)人提半個(gè)字

Irepresentchildren.Alotofmyclientsareveryyoung.TheUnitedStatesistheonlycountryintheworldwherewesentence13-year-oldchildrentodieinprison.Wehavelifeimprisonmentwithoutparoleforkidsinthiscountry.Andwereactuallydoingsomelitigation.Theonlycountryintheworld.

我代表孩子們上庭許多我的被告都很年輕美國(guó)是世界上唯一能將十三歲的孩子判成終身監(jiān)禁的國(guó)家我國(guó)對(duì)孩子判終身監(jiān)禁，還不得假釋我們其實(shí)現(xiàn)在就在幫這些人上訴世界上獨(dú)一份

Irepresentpeopleondeathrow.Itsinteresting,thisquestionofthedeathpenalty.Inmanyways,wevebeentaughttothinkthattherealquestionis,dopeopledeservetodieforthecrimestheyvecommitted?Andthatsaverysensiblequestion.Buttheresanotherwayofthinkingaboutwhereweareinouridentity.Theotherwayofthinkingaboutitisnot,dopeopledeservetodieforthecrimestheycommit,butdowedeservetokill?Imean,itsfascinating.

我也代理死刑犯的官司死刑這件事很發(fā)人深省我們從各種渠道了解到(死刑的)根本問(wèn)題是人該不該為他們犯的罪行償命這是個(gè)特別合理的問(wèn)題但是另一方面問(wèn)題是我們的自我定位另一個(gè)想問(wèn)題的方式不是人們?cè)摬辉摓樽镄袃斆俏覀兣洳慌錃⑺麄兾沂钦f(shuō)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題特別震撼

DeathpenaltyinAmericaisdefinedbyerror.Foreveryninepeoplewhohavebeenexecuted,weveactuallyidentifiedoneinnocentpersonwhosbeenexoneratedandreleasedfromdeathrow.Akindofastonishingerrorrate--oneoutofninepeopleinnocent.Imean,itsfascinating.Inaviation,wewouldneverletpeopleflyonairplanesifforeverynineplanesthattookoffonewouldcrash.Butsomehowwecaninsulateourselvesfromthisproblem.Itsnotourproblem.Itsnotourburden.Itsnotourstruggle.

死刑在美國(guó)是常有差錯(cuò)的每九個(gè)被判死刑的人有一個(gè)后來(lái)會(huì)被證明無(wú)罪被免死刑這種錯(cuò)誤率九分之一的人完全無(wú)辜我得說(shuō)，特別震撼學(xué)航空的人知道，假如每九架飛機(jī)里會(huì)有一架出事故我們確定是不會(huì)讓這玩意兒載人飛的但是莫名其妙地我們就能忽視死刑的問(wèn)題由于這不是我們自身的問(wèn)題這不是我們自身的麻煩這不是我們自身的掙扎

Italkalotabouttheseissues.Italkaboutraceandthisquestionofwhetherwedeservetokill.Anditsinteresting,whenIteachmystudentsaboutAfrican-Americanhistory,Itellthemaboutslavery.Itellthemaboutterrorism,theerathatbeganattheendofreconstructionthatwentontoWorldWarII.Wedontreallyknowverymuchaboutit.ButforAfrican-Americansinthiscountry,thatwasaneradefinedbyterror.Inmanycommunities,peoplehadtoworryaboutbeinglynched.Theyhadtoworryaboutbeingbombed.Itwasthethreatofterrorthatshapedtheirlives.Andtheseolderpeoplecomeuptomenowandtheysay,Mr.Stevenson,yougivetalks,youmakespeeches,youtellpeopletostopsayingweredealingwithterrorismforthefirsttimeinournationshistoryafter9/11.Theytellmetosay,No,tellthemthatwegrewupwiththat.Andthateraofterrorism,ofcourse,wasfollowedbysegregationanddecadesofracialsubordinationandapartheid.

我談了許多問(wèn)題種族，還有我們配不配執(zhí)行死刑這很發(fā)人深省。當(dāng)我教美國(guó)黑人歷史的時(shí)候我和同學(xué)講奴隸制和他們講恐怖主義那個(gè)始于大復(fù)興晚期始終到二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的時(shí)代我們并不真的了解那段歷史但是對(duì)于這個(gè)國(guó)家的黑人來(lái)說(shuō)那是個(gè)白色恐怖時(shí)代在許多社區(qū)，人們可怕隨時(shí)會(huì)被私刑處死人們擔(dān)憂隨時(shí)會(huì)被炸彈攻擊那個(gè)白色恐怖時(shí)代，轉(zhuǎn)變了他們的生活那時(shí)的人現(xiàn)在上了年紀(jì)，來(lái)和我說(shuō)“史蒂文森先生，你處處演講你得告知大家別說(shuō)什么911以后是我們美國(guó)有史以來(lái)第一次應(yīng)付恐怖主義?！彼麄冏屛艺f(shuō)：“我們就是在恐怖里長(zhǎng)大的?！蹦莻€(gè)恐怖主義的時(shí)代，當(dāng)然了最終演化成了無(wú)法逾越的鴻溝數(shù)十年的種族卑視和種族隔離

Andyet,wehaveinthiscountrythisdynamicwherewereallydontliketotalkaboutourproblems.Wedontliketotalkaboutourhistory.Andbecauseofthat,wereallyhaventunderstoodwhatitsmeanttodothethingswevedonehistorically.Wereconstantlyrunningintoeachother.Wereconstantlycreatingtensionsandconflicts.Wehaveahardtimetalkingaboutrace,andIbelieveitsbecauseweareunwillingtocommitourselvestoaprocessoftruthandreconciliation.InSouthAfrica,peopleunderstoodthatwecouldntovercomeapartheidwithoutacommitmenttotruthandreconciliation.InRwanda,evenafterthegenocide,therewasthiscommitment,butinthiscountrywehaventdonethat.

然而，我們這個(gè)國(guó)家不喜愛(ài)爭(zhēng)論存在的問(wèn)題我們不喜愛(ài)爭(zhēng)論歷史正因如此，我們不能真正理解我們有史以來(lái)做了什么我們不停地產(chǎn)生沖突不停地制造緊急氣氛我們沒(méi)法爭(zhēng)論種族問(wèn)題我信任是由于我們不情愿正視一系列的事實(shí)，不情愿達(dá)成和解在南非，人們知道我們不能遺忘種族隔離除非我們誠(chéng)懇面對(duì)，達(dá)成和解在盧旺達(dá)，即使種族滅亡后，人們還是正視了但是在美國(guó)我們不情愿這么干

IwasgivingsomelecturesinGermanyaboutthedeathpenalty.Itwasfascinatingbecauseoneofthescholarsstoodupafterthepresentationandsaid,Wellyouknowitsdeeplytroublingtohearwhatyouretalkingabout.Hesaid,WedonthavethedeathpenaltyinGermany.Andofcourse,wecanneverhavethedeathpenaltyinGermany.Andtheroomgotveryquiet,andthiswomansaid,Theresnoway,withourhistory,wecouldeverengageinthesystematickillingofhumanbeings.Itwouldbeunconscionableforusto,inanintentionalanddeliberateway,setaboutexecutingpeople.AndIthoughtaboutthat.WhatwoulditfeelliketobelivinginaworldwherethenationstateofGermanywasexecutingpeople,especiallyiftheyweredisproportionatelyJewish?Icouldntbearit.Itwouldbeunconscionable.

我也在德國(guó)談過(guò)死刑的問(wèn)題結(jié)果很絕妙由于在講談后有個(gè)學(xué)者站起來(lái)說(shuō)：“你要知道，聽(tīng)你談這個(gè)很痛心。”她說(shuō)：“我們德國(guó)沒(méi)有死刑。當(dāng)然了，我們德國(guó)永久也不行能有死刑?！比珗?chǎng)安靜這位女士說(shuō)：“由于我們的歷史，我們永不行能打算有系統(tǒng)地殺人。公開(kāi)化且下意識(shí)地執(zhí)行死刑，對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是良心上無(wú)法接受的我思索了這個(gè)問(wèn)題假如我成天都看著德國(guó)人殺人毫無(wú)道理地屠殺猶太人我會(huì)有什么感受?我無(wú)法忍受那真是太不合理了

Andyet,inthiscountry,inthestatesoftheOldSouth,weexecutepeople--whereyoure11timesmorelikelytogetthedeathpenaltyifthevictimiswhitethanifthevictimisblack,22timesmorelikelytogetitifthedefendantisblackandthevictimiswhite--intheverystateswherethereareburiedinthegroundthebodiesofpeoplewhowerelynched.Andyet,thereisthisdisconnect.

但是，在我們這個(gè)國(guó)家在南方各州我們真的在屠殺當(dāng)僅僅由于受害人是白人而不是黑人你被判死刑的機(jī)率上升十倍時(shí)當(dāng)僅僅由于被告是黑人而不是白人你被判死刑的機(jī)率上升二十一倍時(shí)在這些州，處處埋著被私刑處死的人可是，我們還是漠不關(guān)懷

WellIbelievethatouridentityisatrisk.Thatwhenweactuallydontcareaboutthesedifficultthings,thepositiveandwonderfulthingsarenonethelessimplicated.Weloveinnovation.Welovetechnology.Welovecreativity.Weloveentertainment.Butultimately,thoserealitiesareshadowedbysuffering,abuse,degradation,marginalization.Andforme,itbecomesnecessarytointegratethetwo.Becauseultimatelywearetalkingaboutaneedtobemorehopeful,morecommitted,morededicatedtothebasicchallengesoflivinginacomplexworld.Andformethatmeansspendingtimethinkingandtalkingaboutthepoor,thedisadvantaged,thosewhowillnevergettoTED.Butthinkingabouttheminawaythatisintegratedinourownlives.

我信任這說(shuō)明我們有定位危機(jī)當(dāng)我們對(duì)這些麻煩的問(wèn)題置之不顧時(shí)我們卻照舊對(duì)那些正面的好事兒一如既往地關(guān)懷我們愛(ài)極了革新我們愛(ài)技術(shù)，我們愛(ài)制造我們愛(ài)消遣但是最終這些好的現(xiàn)實(shí)都被苦痛煎熬，濫用職權(quán)，剝奪人權(quán)邊緣化，蒙上了陰影對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)兩者合一是必要的由于最終我們談的是怎么更有盼望更有保障，更有貢獻(xiàn)來(lái)應(yīng)付生活在這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單社會(huì)中的種種挑戰(zhàn)對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)那需要花時(shí)間思索和爭(zhēng)論窮人階層，弱勢(shì)群體那些永久也沒(méi)機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)TED的人不過(guò)想著他們其實(shí)在某種意義上是把他們?nèi)诤线M(jìn)我們的生活里

Youknowultimately,weallhavetobelievethingswehaventseen.Wedo.Asrationalasweare,ascommittedtointellectasweare.Innovation,creativity,developmentcomesnotfromtheideasinourmindalone.Theycomefromtheideasinourmindthatarealsofueledbysomeconvictioninourheart.Anditsthatmind-heartconnectionthatIbelievecompelsustonotjustbeattentivetoallthebrightanddazzlythings,butalsothedarkanddifficultthings.VaclavHavel,thegreatCzechleader,talkedaboutthis.Hesaid,WhenwewereinEasternEuropeanddealingwithoppression,wewantedallkindsofthings,butmostlywhatweneededwashope,anorientationofthespirit,awillingnesstosometimesbeinhopelessplacesandbeawitness.

要知道最終，我們得信任那些沒(méi)親眼見(jiàn)的事我們不得不。作為理智的社會(huì)，這么聰慧的社會(huì)革新，制造進(jìn)展，并不僅僅在我們腦子里空想出來(lái)的它們是從我們腦子里的才智和我們心里的信念相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物這個(gè)靈智合一我信任會(huì)驅(qū)使我們不僅僅是對(duì)那些光明的事情更上心同時(shí)對(duì)那些黑暗面和麻煩的事情也是一樣韋克拉烏哈韋爾，這位捷克的杰出領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，談過(guò)這個(gè)問(wèn)題他說(shuō)：“當(dāng)我們?cè)跂|歐解決強(qiáng)制壓迫的問(wèn)題時(shí)我們盼望能成就許多但是最重要的，我們要一個(gè)盼望一個(gè)心靈的指向一種不憚?dòng)隗w會(huì)無(wú)望的態(tài)度以及為史留證的意愿。”

WellthatorientationofthespiritisverymuchatthecoreofwhatIbelieveevenTEDcommunitieshavetobeengagedin.Thereisnodisconnectaroundtechnologyanddesignthatwillallowustobefullyhumanuntilwepayattentiontosuffering,topoverty,toexclusion,tounfairness,toinjustice.NowIwillwarnyouthatthiskindofidentityisamuchmorechallengingidentitythanonesthatdontpayattentiontothis.Itwillgettoyou.

這個(gè)心靈的指向就是我的核心信念我們的TED社會(huì)也要參加進(jìn)來(lái)這里不應(yīng)有任何東西把高新的科技和完善的設(shè)計(jì)和我們的人性間隔開(kāi)來(lái)只要我們還能留意到苦痛留意到貧困，制約，不公，和冤屈我想提示大家這樣的定位是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的比起那些漠不關(guān)懷的定位來(lái)說(shuō)它會(huì)影響你

Ihadthegreatprivilege,whenIwasayounglawyer,ofmeetingRosaParks.AndMs.ParksusedtocomebacktoMontgomeryeverynowandthen,andshewouldgettogetherwithtwoofherdearestfriends,theseolderwomen,JohnnieCarrwhowastheorganizeroftheMontgomerybusboycott--amazingAfrican-Americanwoman--andVirginiaDurr,awhitewoman,whosehusband,CliffordDurr,representedDr.King.Andthesewomenwouldgettogetherandjusttalk.

當(dāng)我是個(gè)年輕律師，我有幸見(jiàn)到帕克斯夫人帕克斯夫人曾時(shí)不時(shí)會(huì)到蒙哥馬利每次她都會(huì)和兩個(gè)好友會(huì)面兩位上了年紀(jì)的女性姜妮卡爾，她是蒙哥馬利公車(chē)抵制運(yùn)動(dòng)的組織者特別精彩的黑人女性還有弗吉尼亞杜爾，一位白人女性她丈夫克利福德杜爾是馬丁路德金的律師這些女士們常常聚在一起爭(zhēng)論問(wèn)題

AndeverynowandthenMs.Carrwouldcallme,andshedsay,Bryan,Ms.Parksiscomingtotown.Weregoingtogettogetherandtalk.Doyouwanttocomeoverandlisten?AndIdsay,Yes,Maam,Ido.Andshedsay,Wellwhatareyougoingtodowhenyougethere?Isaid,Imgoingtolisten.AndIdgooverthereandIwould,Iwouldjustlisten.Itwouldbesoenergizingandsoempowering.

有時(shí)卡爾夫人會(huì)給我打電話問(wèn)我：“帕克斯夫人回來(lái)了，我們要聚聚。你愿不情愿來(lái)聽(tīng)我們談話?”我會(huì)說(shuō)：“當(dāng)然，夫人，我情愿。”她會(huì)問(wèn)：“你來(lái)這里詳細(xì)干什么呀?”我會(huì)說(shuō)：“我就想聽(tīng)聽(tīng)?！比缓笪視?huì)過(guò)去，只是傾聽(tīng)這些聚會(huì)總是特別感動(dòng)和鼓舞人心的

AndonetimeIwasovertherelisteningtothesewomentalk,andafteracoupleofhoursMs.Parksturnedtomeandshesaid,NowBryan,tellmewhattheEqualJusticeInitiativeis.Tellmewhatyouretryingtodo.AndIbegangivinghermyrap.Isaid,Wellweretryingtochallengeinjustice.Weretryingtohelppeoplewhohavebeenwronglyconvicted.Weretryingtoconfrontbiasanddiscriminationintheadministrationofcriminaljustice.Weretryingtoendlifewithoutparolesentencesforchildren.Weretryingtodosomethingaboutthedeathpenalty.Weretryingtoreducetheprisonpopulation.Weretryingtoendmassincarceration.

有一次我在那里聽(tīng)她們談話幾小時(shí)后帕克斯夫人問(wèn)我她問(wèn)：“布萊恩，和我講講你的公平司法倡議。和我講講你準(zhǔn)備做什么?！蔽揖烷_(kāi)頭大講特講我說(shuō)：“我們想向不公正的待遇提出挑戰(zhàn)。我們想幫那些被誤判了刑的人。我們想和在刑法制度里的偏見(jiàn)和卑視做對(duì)抗。給孩子被判終身無(wú)法假釋的制度給終結(jié)掉。我們想為死刑制度做些轉(zhuǎn)變。我們想削減監(jiān)獄人口。我們還想杜絕過(guò)度泛濫的監(jiān)禁?！?/p>

Igavehermywholerap,andwhenIfinishedshelookedatmeandshesaid,Mmmmmmmmm.Shesaid,Thatsgoingtomakeyoutired,tired,tired.(Laughter)AndthatswhenMs.Carrleanedforward,sheputherfingerinmyface,shesaid,Thatswhyyouvegottobebrave,brave,brave.

我做了一個(gè)全本無(wú)刪減的演講，當(dāng)我結(jié)束時(shí)，她盯著我說(shuō)：“別別別?！彼f(shuō)：“這些會(huì)讓你很累，很累，很累的?！?笑聲)這時(shí)卡爾夫人湊過(guò)來(lái)，她把手放在我臉邊說(shuō)：“這就是為什么你要很英勇很英勇很英勇?！?/p>

AndIactuallybelievethattheTEDcommunityneedstobemorecourageous.Weneedtofindwaystoembracethesechallenges,theseproblems,thesuffering.Becauseultimately,ourhumanitydependsoneveryoneshumanity.IvelearnedverysimplethingsdoingtheworkthatIdo.Itsjusttaughtmeverysimplethings.Ivecometounderstandandtobelievethateachofusismorethantheworstthingweveeverdone.Ibelievethatforeverypersonontheplanet.Ithinkifsomebodytellsalie,theyrenotjustaliar.Ithinkifsomebodytakessomethingthatdoesntbelongtothem,theyrenotjustathief.Ithinkevenifyoukillsomeone,yourenotjustakiller.Andbecauseofthattheresthisbasichumandignitythatmustberespectedbylaw.Ialsobelievethatinmanypartsofthiscountry,andcertainlyinmanypartsofthisglobe,thattheoppositeofpovertyisnotwealth.Idontbelievethat.Iactuallythink,intoomanyplaces,theoppositeofpovertyisjustice.

我確信TED這個(gè)社會(huì)需要更有膽識(shí)些我們需要找到出路來(lái)面對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)這些問(wèn)題，這些苦痛由于最終，我們的整體的人性取決于每個(gè)人的人性在我的工作中我學(xué)到了特別簡(jiǎn)潔的原則我開(kāi)頭理解，開(kāi)頭信任我們每一個(gè)人都不會(huì)被我們最壞的一面所定義我信任，對(duì)于這個(gè)星球上的每一個(gè)人假如他撒了個(gè)謊，并不說(shuō)明他就是個(gè)騙子假如他拿了不屬于他的東西并不說(shuō)明他就是個(gè)慣偷甚至你殺了人，并不說(shuō)明你就是個(gè)冷血?dú)⑹钟捎谖倚湃稳祟?lèi)有基本的尊嚴(yán)法律必需敬重它我也信任在我們國(guó)家的許多地方當(dāng)然甚至這個(gè)世界的許多地方貧困的反面，不是富有我不信任這個(gè)我認(rèn)為，在許多許多地方貧困的反面，是公正

Andfinally,Ibelievethat,despitethefactthatitissodramaticandsobeautifulandsoinspiringandsostimulating,wewillultimatelynotbejudgedbyourtechnology,wewontbejudgedbyourdesign,wewontbejudgedbyourintellectandreason.Ultimately,youjudgethecharacterofasociety,notbyhowtheytreattheirrichandthepowerfulandtheprivileged,butbyhowtheytreatthepoor,thecondemned,theincarcerated.Becauseitsinthatnexusthatweactuallybegintounderstandtrulyprofoundthingsaboutwhoweare.

最終，我信任盡管(我們的科技和設(shè)計(jì))很有聲色很奇妙，很鼓動(dòng)人心也很刺激但我們本身最終不會(huì)被科技所評(píng)價(jià)也不會(huì)被設(shè)計(jì)所衡量我們也不會(huì)被才智和哲學(xué)來(lái)打分最終，人們會(huì)評(píng)價(jià)我們這個(gè)社會(huì)不是依據(jù)我們?cè)趺纯畲蝗耍刑貦?quán)的人而是依據(jù)我們?cè)趺磳?duì)待窮人被責(zé)備的人，被囚禁的人由于正是在這個(gè)合流點(diǎn)我們真正地開(kāi)頭對(duì)于我們是什么樣的人有了深化的理解

Isometimesgetoutofbalance.Illendwiththisstory.Isometimespushtoohard.Idogettired,aswealldo.Sometimesthoseideasgetaheadofourthinkinginwaysthatareimportant.AndIvebeenrepresentingthesekidswhohavebeensentencedtodotheseveryharshsentences.AndIgotothejailandIseemyclientwhos13and14,andhesbeencertifiedtostandtrialasanadult.Istartthinking,well,howdidthathappen?Howcanajudgeturnyouintosomethingthatyourenot?Andthejudgehascertifiedhimasanadult,butIseethiskid.

我常失去平衡。我想用個(gè)故事結(jié)束我的演講我有時(shí)工作太多很累，就像大家每個(gè)人一樣有時(shí)這些想法太多而思索跟不上結(jié)果是很?chē)?yán)峻的我曾經(jīng)為這些孩子們辯護(hù)他們被判了很重的刑我去管教所，觀察我的被告都是十三四歲他們被說(shuō)成是成年人，作為成年人對(duì)待我開(kāi)頭想，究竟是怎么一回事?一個(gè)法官，怎么能夠把一個(gè)人判定成一個(gè)不同的人?這個(gè)法官說(shuō)他是成年人，但我只觀察一個(gè)孩子

AndIwasuptoolateonenightandIstartingthinking,wellgosh,ifthejudgecanturnyouintosomethingthatyourenot,thejudgemusthavemagicpower.Yeah,Bryan,thejudgehassomemagicpower.Youshouldaskforsomeofthat.AndbecauseIwasuptoolate,wasntthinkingrealstraight,Istartedworkingonamotion.AndIhadaclientwhowas14yearsold,ayoung,poorblackkid.AndIstartedworkingonthismotion,andtheheadofthemotionwas:Motiontotrymypoor,14-year-oldblackmaleclientlikeaprivileged,white75-year-oldcorporateexecutive.

一天晚上我徹夜難眠，不止地想天哪，假如法官能把你寫(xiě)成另一個(gè)人這個(gè)法官確定有魔法對(duì)了，布萊恩，這個(gè)法官有魔法你可得學(xué)著點(diǎn)由于我睡得太晚，腦子不清晰我開(kāi)頭做一個(gè)議案我有個(gè)被告，十四歲，一個(gè)黑人小孩子我開(kāi)頭做他的辯護(hù)標(biāo)題是：“提案：將我的十四歲的窮黑孩子想成一個(gè)七十五歲的特級(jí)白人企業(yè)高管。”

AndIputinmymotionthattherewasprosecutorialmisconductandpolicemisconductandjudicialmisconduct.Therewasacrazylineinthereabouthowtheresnoconductinthiscounty,itsallmisconduct.Andthenextmorning,IwokeupandIthought,nowdidIdreamthatcrazymotion,ordidIactuallywriteit?Andtomyhorror,notonlyhadIwrittenit,butIhadsentittocourt.

在這個(gè)提案里我說(shuō)檢察院，警察局和法庭都處理不當(dāng)說(shuō)這個(gè)法院沒(méi)有合情合法這一說(shuō)之類(lèi)的瘋話全是有意亂判其次天早上我醒來(lái)回想，我是做了個(gè)夢(mèng)呢還是真的寫(xiě)了這個(gè)提案?恐怖的是，不光我真寫(xiě)了我還寄給法院了

Acouplemonthswentby,andIhadjustforgottenallaboutit.AndIfinallydecided,ohgosh,Ivegottogotothecourtanddothiscrazycase.AndIgotintomycarandIwasfeelingreallyoverwhelmed--overwhelmed.AndIgotinmycarandIwenttothiscourthouse.AndIwasthinking,thisisgoingtobesodifficult,sopainful.AndIfinallygotoutofthecarandIstartedwalkinguptothecourthouse.

幾個(gè)月過(guò)去了我全忘了有這么回事最終我打算天哪，我得上庭去做這個(gè)案子我跳上車(chē)覺(jué)得很緊急特別緊急我上車(chē)開(kāi)到法庭我在想，這將會(huì)是場(chǎng)硬仗，會(huì)很苦痛最終我最終鉆出車(chē)子，開(kāi)頭往法庭走

AndasIwaswalkingupthestepsofthiscourthouse,therewasanolderblackmanwhowasthejanitorinthiscourthouse.Whenthismansawme,hecameovertomeandhesaid,Whoareyou?Isaid,Imalawyer.Hesaid,Yourealawyer?Isaid,Yes,sir.Andthismancameovertomeandhehuggedme.Andhewhisperedinmyear.Hesaid,Imsoproudofyou.AndIhavetotellyou,itwasenergizing.Itconnecteddeeplywithsomethinginmeaboutidentity,aboutthecapacityofeverypersontocontributetoacommunity,toaperspectivethatishopeful.

當(dāng)我上臺(tái)階時(shí)有個(gè)上了年紀(jì)的黑人老伯，法院的清潔工他觀察我，跑來(lái)說(shuō)他問(wèn)：“你是誰(shuí)?”我說(shuō)：“我是律師。”他說(shuō)：“你，是律師?”我說(shuō)：“是的。先生。”這個(gè)老伯湊過(guò)來(lái)給了我一個(gè)擁抱他靜靜在我耳邊說(shuō)他說(shuō)：“我真為你傲慢。”我得和大家承認(rèn)這可給了我一針強(qiáng)心劑他的話提示了我心深處我的自我定位提示了我每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)社會(huì)，對(duì)更好的前景做出的貢獻(xiàn)

WellIwentintothecourtroom.AndassoonasIwalkedinside,thejudgesawmecomingin.Hesaid,Mr.Stevenson,didyouwritethiscrazymotion?Isaid,Yes,sir.Idid.Andwestartedarguing.Andpeoplestartedcominginbecausetheywerejustoutraged.Ihadwrittenthesecrazythings.Andpoliceofficerswerecominginandassistantprosecutorsandclerkworkers.AndbeforeIknewit,thecourtroomwasfilledwithpeopleangrythatweweretalkingaboutrace,thatweweretalkingaboutpoverty,thatweweretalkingaboutinequality.

所以我跑到法庭里我一走進(jìn)去，法官觀察我就說(shuō)：“史蒂文森先生，是你寫(xiě)了這個(gè)瘋案么?”我說(shuō)：“是先生，是我寫(xiě)的?！蔽覀冮_(kāi)頭爭(zhēng)辯人們間續(xù)跑進(jìn)來(lái)，由于大家都生氣了我的確寫(xiě)了不少挺夠勁的事情警察也進(jìn)來(lái)了助理檢察官也進(jìn)來(lái)了，書(shū)記員也進(jìn)來(lái)了我還沒(méi)回過(guò)神來(lái)，整個(gè)法庭站滿了人全很生氣，由于我們?cè)谡劮N族問(wèn)題我們?cè)谡勜毨覀冊(cè)谡劜还酱?/p>

Andoutofthecornerofmyeye,Icouldseethisjanitorpacingbackandforth.Andhekeptlookingthroughthewindow,andhecouldhearallofthisholler.Hekeptpacingbackandforth.Andfinally,thisolderblackmanwiththisveryworriedlookonhisfacecameintothecourtroomandsatdownbehindme,almostatcounseltable.About10minuteslaterthejudgesaidwewouldtakeabreak.Andduringthebreaktherewasadeputysheriffwhowasoffendedthatthejanitorhadcomeintocourt.Andthisdeputyjumpedupandheranovertothisolderblackman.Hesaid,Jimmy,whatareyoudoinginthiscourtroom?Andthisolderblackmanstoodupandhelookedatthatdeputyandhelookedatmeandhesaid,Icameintothiscourtroomtotellthisyoungman,keepyoureyesontheprize,holdon.

我眼角瞟到那個(gè)清潔工，在外面走來(lái)走去不斷向里張望，他也都能聽(tīng)到人們的埋怨他就這樣來(lái)回來(lái)去地走最終，這個(gè)黑人老伯進(jìn)來(lái)了一臉擔(dān)憂地坐在我后面幾乎頂?shù)搅宿q護(hù)臺(tái)非常鐘后，法官提議休息一下休息期間，一個(gè)副警長(zhǎng)覺(jué)得清潔工進(jìn)法庭有失面子這個(gè)副警長(zhǎng)跳起來(lái)，向這個(gè)老伯沖過(guò)去說(shuō)：“吉米，你來(lái)法庭里干什么?”這個(gè)老黑人站起來(lái)看看這個(gè)副警長(zhǎng)，看看我他說(shuō)：“我進(jìn)來(lái)是想告知這個(gè)年輕人往前看，往好了看，挺住?！?/p>

IvecometoTEDbecauseIbelievethatmanyofyouunderstandthatthemoralarcoftheuniverseislong,butitbendstowardjustice.Thatwecannotbefullevolvedhumanbeingsuntilwecareabouthumanrightsandbasicdignity.Thatallo