新教材2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit1PeopleofAchievement單元提能強化練新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

UNIT1單元提能強化練Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWhenshefirststartedlearningaboutclimatechangefromoneofherelders,FawnSharpwasinvitedonahelicopterflightovertheOlympicMountainstosurveytheMountAndersonglacier.Buttheglacierwasgone,meltedbythewarmingclimate.Sharphadadeepsenseoflosswhenshediscoveredtheglacierwasn’tthereanymore.Lossisagrowingissueforpeopleworkingandlivingonthefrontlinesofclimatechange.AndthatgaveJenniferWrenAtkinson,afull-timelecturerattheUniversityofWashingtonBothell,US,anideaforaclass.Thisterm,shetaughtstudentsontheBothellcampusabouttheemotionalburdensofenvironmentalstudies.SheusedtheexperiencesofNativeAmericantribes(部落),scientistsandactivists,andaskedher24studentstofacetherealitythatthereisnoeasyfix—that“thisissuchanintractableproblemthatthey’regoingtobedealingwithitfortherestoftheirlives”.StudentCodyDillonusedtobeaclimatescienceskeptic(懷疑論者).Thenhedidhisownreadingandresearch,andchangedhismind.Dillonwasn’tgoingintoenvironmentalwork—hewasacomputer-sciencemajor.Yet,thepotentialforaworldwideenvironmentalcatastropheseemedsorealtohimfiveyearsagothathequithisjobandbecameafull-timevolunteerforanenvironmentalgroupthatworkedonrestoration(復(fù)原)projects.Sixmonthsintothework,hedecidedthatAtkinson’sclasswasjustwhathewaslookingfor—aplacewherehecoulddiscusshisconcernsaboutachangingclimate.Atkinsonsaidshehopedtheclasshelpedherstudentspreparethemselvesfortheamountofenvironmentallossthatwouldhappenovertheirlifetimes.“Wearealreadychangingtheplanet—somanyspeciesaregoingtobelost,displacedormassivelyimpacted,”shesaid.“Thefutureisn’tgoingtobewhattheyimagined.”1.WhydidtheauthormentionthecaseofFawnSharp?A.TolayabasisforFawnSharp’sfurtherresearch.B.ToproveFawnSharp’sworkissimilartoAtkinson’s.C.Toleadintotheissueoflosscausedbyclimatechange.D.Toshowscientists’concernabouttheMountAndersonglacier.2.What’sthemainpurposeofAtkinson’sclass?A.Toexplorehowdifferentpeopledealwithclimatechange.B.Togetstudentsmoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentalissue.C.TofindsolutionstotheenvironmentalissueofOlympicMountains.D.Toteachstudentshowtoconductresearchaboutenvironment.3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“intractable”underlinedinparagraph3?A.Simple.B.Difficult.C.Common. D.Interesting.4.HowdidAtkinson’sclassinfluenceDillon?A.Itmadehimworkasapart-timevolunteerforrestorationprojects.B.Itmadehimrealizeaplanet-wideclimatedisasterwouldhappen.C.Itencouragedhimtobemoreinvolvedinenvironmentalprotection.D.Itdiscouragedhimtoworkonrestorationprojectsfortheenvironment.BTosolveabigenvironmentalproblem,chemistshavebeenthinkingsmall.Reallysmall:anewminirobotwiththepurposeofhelpingcleanuptinyplasticpollutingwateracrosstheglobe.Thenewmicrorobots,eachofwhichisnobiggerthanthetipofapencil,aremagnetic(磁性的)andshapedlikefour-pointedstars.Whenthesunlightshinesonthem,theycanswiminaspecificdirection;whenthesunlightdisappears,theystopmoving.Findingapieceofplastic,theyholdontoit,producechemicalreactionsandstarttobreakitdown.TheprojectisledbychemistMartinPumera,aresearcherwhoalsostudieswaystobuildmicrorobotsattheCzechUniversityinPrague.Abouttenyearsago,henoticedthemicroplasticwaseverywhere,fromthebottomoftheoceantotheiceonthetopofmountains.Iteventurnedupindrinkingwater,bothbottledandtapwater.Justthinkabouthowmuchplasticyouencountereveryday.Itdoesn’teasilydegrade(降解),whichisabigproblem.Therefore,Pumerachosetofocusontheproblemofwaterpollutioncausedbymicroplastic.Theresearcherstestedthemicrorobotsonfourtypesofplasticinthelab.Afteraweek,allfourbegandegrading,losingbetween0.5and3percentoftheirweight,whichindicatedtheywerebreakingdown.Therobotsalsoturnedtheplastic’ssmoothsurfaceintorough.Finally,theycouldbecollectedforreusealongwiththeplasticwastewithoutcausingnewpollution.Infact,Pumerasaystheystillhavealongwaytogo.Thesemicrorobotsareunlikelytosucceedindegradingalltypesofplastics.They’llalsoneedalotoftestingtoshowthatthey’resafeinopenwaterways,suchasatsea.Buthethinksthatthesechallengescanbeovercome.Someday,themicrorobotswillplayabigroleinaworldwidecleanupeffort.5.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthenewmicrorobot?A.Itisofaroundshape.B.Itisassmallasapencil.C.Itisdrivenbysunlight.D.Itusesphysicalreaction.6.WhatinspiredPumeratodesignthemicrorobot?A.Theiceonthemountains.B.Secretsoftheoceanbottom.C.Thelackofdrinkingwater.D.Themicroplasticpollution.7.Howdoesamicrorobotdealwiththeplastic?A.Collectingitforreuse.B.Makingitssurfacesmooth.C.Absorbingitcompletely.D.Breakingitdowntosomeextent.8.WhatisPumera’sattitudetotheirfutureresearch?A.Doubtful. B.Confident.C.Regretful. D.Critical.Ⅱ.七選五(2024湖南長沙長郡中學(xué)模擬)Humanbodieswereactuallydesignedforwalking,awonderfulformofexerciseatnocost.It’skindtoourbodiesandgreatforourwaistlines.1

Probablyyoualreadylovetowalk,butyou’regettingboredoftracingthesameoldroutedayafterday,ormaybeyou’renewtowalkingandaren’tsurehowtogetstarted.2Askyourself,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofwalkingasidefromthehealthbenefits?Doyouwanttomeetotherpeople?Seenewplaces?Getoutintothecountrysideorexploreanewcity?Knowingyourgoalswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.

Callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththemifsocializingisyouraim.3Manymallshavegroupsthatcomeeveryday,oreveryweekend,to“walkthemall”.Thesegroupsarealwayshappytoincludeonemorewalker!

4Manylargecitieshaveincrediblegardensandparksthatincludequietwalkingtrailsgettingyouoffthebeatenpath.ThankstotheRailstoTrailsprogram,railwaysacrossthecountryarebeingtransformedintoscenicwalkingpathsthatareaperfectwaytoseekcalmness.

Fromthebenefitstoyourhearttoyouroverallhappiness,walkingisjustplaingoodforyou.5It’safantasticwaytogettoknowaplacebythepowerofyourowntwofeet.

A.Thismonth,pickupamapandstartwalking.B.Askyourfriendswheretheyliketowalkandjustgothere.C.Youmayaswellconsiderheadingtoanewcityforachange.D.Eitherway,it’stimetoaccepttheideaofwalkingwithapurpose.E.Recently,sciencehasprovedthatwalkingisgoodforyourbodyshape.F.Andbestofall,it’sagreatwaytoseenewthingsandmeetnewpeople!G.Ifyou’reafterwalkingalone,askaboutlocalhikesthatgetyouawayfromthecrowd.Ⅲ.完形填空InanationalspellingcontestinAmerica,an11-year-oldgirlwasaskedtospellacertainword.Butwithher1voice,thejudgeswerenotsurewhethershespelledtherightword.Theytalkeditoverand2decidedtosimplyaskherwhatshehadsaid.Bythen,thegirlknewshehadmisspelledtheword.Insteadoflying,shetoldthetruththatshehadsaidthe3letter—soshelostthecontest.

Asthegirlwalkedoffthe4,theentireaudiencestood,clappingtoapplaudherhonesty.Later,dozensofnewspaperreporterswroteaboutthis5,eventhoughitcostthegirlthecontest.Butthefactisthatshe6thebiggestcontestthatday:thecontestofhercharacter.

Probablythebiggesttestofourcharacterandhonestyiswhatwewoulddoifweknewwewouldneverget7.Thisyounggirlcouldeasilyhave8andnobodywouldhaveknownitbutherself.Butit’sbeensaidthatifyou9,youmakeyourselfcheap.Thisyounggirlwas10enoughtoprizeherowncharactermorethantheprizefromaspellingcontest.Sheknewthe11shemadeinthatmomentwillhavealong-lastinginfluenceonherfuture.

Shouldthewallet,foundinthestreet,beputintoapocketor12tothepoliceman?Shouldthe13changereceivedatthestorebeforgottenor14?Nobodywillknow.Butwehavetolivewithourselves,anditisalwaysbettertolivewithsomeonewe15.

1.A.high B.sweetC.tough D.soft2.A.finally B.seriouslyC.secretly D.totally3.A.correct B.wrongC.different D.same4.A.stage B.studioC.test D.classroom5.A.lesson B.storyC.courage D.accident6.A.achieved B.brokeC.won D.defeated7.A.paid B.awardedC.reported D.caught8.A.escaped B.liedC.changed D.answered9.A.accept B.fightC.cheat D.insist10.A.smart B.generousC.energetic D.interested11.A.plan B.conclusionC.discovery D.choice12.A.turnedover B.putawayC.setaside D.takendown13.A.small B.someC.extra D.necessary14.A.ignored B.paidC.shared D.returned15.A.protect B.challengeC.respect D.attackⅣ.語法填空(2024全國甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep1.(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路途)byfoot.

Onthe1,100-kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,2.losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation3.(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.4.friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.

CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental5.(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore6.(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40-dayjourney.

Inthelastfiveyears,Cao7.(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s8.(high)mountain.

Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometers9.Xi’antoKashgaronSept.20,10.(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.

參考答案UNIT1單元提能強化練Ⅰ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。FawnSharp通過一次搭乘直升機飛行的經(jīng)驗相識到了冰川溶化和環(huán)境污染問題的嚴峻性;同時JenniferWrenAtkinson確定給學(xué)生開設(shè)課程,教學(xué)生如何面對環(huán)境污染,讓更多的學(xué)生關(guān)注環(huán)境問題。1.C推理推斷題。通讀第一段可知,FawnSharp在一次直升機飛行中意識到氣候改變導(dǎo)致了冰川溶化。由此可推知,作者在第一段中提及FawnSharp的例子是為了引出下文氣候改變導(dǎo)致環(huán)境問題的話題。2.B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知,由于氣候改變引起環(huán)境問題,她產(chǎn)生了在高校開設(shè)環(huán)境愛護課程的想法。由此可知,Atkinson開設(shè)課程的目的是讓學(xué)生更加關(guān)注環(huán)境問題。3.B詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞上文“noeasyfix”以及下文的“they’regoingtobedealingwithitfortherestoftheirlives”可知,這是一個特別困難的問題,以至于學(xué)生們要用他們的余生來解決它。4.C推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Sixmonthsintothework...discusshisconcernsaboutachangingclimate.”可知,Dillon在環(huán)保組織做了六個月志愿者之后,他認為在Atkinson的課堂上他可以探討他對氣候改變的擔(dān)憂。由此可推知,Atkinson的課激勵Dillon更多地參與到環(huán)境愛護中?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一種新型微型機器人,它可以幫助清理污染水道的塑料碎片。5.C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“Whenthesunlightshinesonthem,theycanswiminaspecificdirection;whenthesunlightdisappears,theystopmoving.”可知,新型微型機器人是由陽光驅(qū)動的。故選C項。6.D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Abouttenyearsago,henoticed...easilydegrade,whichisabigproblem.Therefore,Pumerachosetofocusontheproblemofwaterpollutioncausedbymicroplastic.”可知,微塑料不簡單降解,無處不在。微塑料污染給環(huán)境帶來了挑戰(zhàn),這是吸引Pumera從事該項探討的緣由之一。由此可知,微塑料污染激發(fā)了Pumera設(shè)計微型機器人的靈感。故選D項。7.D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Theresearcherstestedthemicrorobotsonfourtypesofplasticinthelab.Afteraweek,allfourbegandegrading,losingbetween0.5and3percentoftheirweight,whichindicatedtheywerebreakingdown.”可知,僅一周時間,塑料的重量減輕,這說明微型機器人可以在某種程度上分解塑料。故選D項。8.B推理推斷題。由最終一段中的“Buthethinksthatthesechallengescanbeovercome.Someday,themicrorobotswillplayabigroleinaworldwidecleanupeffort.”可知,Pumera認為,探討中的這些挑戰(zhàn)是可以克服的,微型機器人在將來將發(fā)揮重要作用。由此可知,他對將來的探討很有信念。故選B項。Ⅱ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明白漫步對人的一些好處,以及如何選擇漫步路途的建議。從對心臟的好處到對整體的歡樂,漫步是特別好的。文章最終提倡人們起先漫步。1.F依據(jù)上文“Humanbodieswereactuallydesignedforwalking,awonderfulformofexerciseatnocost.”可知,本句承接上文接著說明漫步的好處。故F項符合上下文語境。2.D結(jié)合下文“Askyourself...Knowingyourgoalswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.”可知,本句是在說明要帶著目標漫步,下文一系列設(shè)問句是在說明如何找尋目標。故D項符合上下文語境。3.B依據(jù)上文“Callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththemifsocializingisyouraim.”可知,假如想要和摯友一起漫步社交,那么須要了解他們喜愛去哪里漫步。故B項符合上下文語境。4.G依據(jù)下文“Manylargecitieshaveincrediblegardensandparksthatincludequietwalkingtrailsgettingyouoffthebeatenpath.”可知,本段是在說明假如想一個人漫步,可以選擇去大城市的花園或公園里。故G項符合上下文語境。5.A依據(jù)上文“Fromthebenefitstoyourhearttoyouroverallhappiness,walkingisjustplaingoodforyou.”并且本段為文章最終一段,有總結(jié)上文的作用,上文提到了漫步的好處和選擇,那么此處應(yīng)當是提倡人們起先漫步。故A項符合上下文語境。Ⅲ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講解并描述一個參與拼字競賽的小女孩因為選擇誠懇而輸?shù)舾傎惖墓适赂嬲]讀者,“在別人不知情的狀況下你選擇如何做”才是真正品性的寫照。1.D依據(jù)下文“thejudgeswerenotsurewhethershespelledtherightword”可知,評委無法確定她的拼讀是否是正確的。由此可知她的聲音很溫柔,評委沒有聽清晰。2.A依據(jù)上文“Theytalkeditover”可知,評委們探討以后最終確定問她剛剛說