河南省鶴壁2024-2025高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期第一次階段考試題

河南省鶴壁2024-2025高二上學(xué)期第一次段考英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AExplorersCamp?Fulldaycampforkidsaged5-13.?Monday-Friday,July8-26,9am-4pm.Week1|July8-12Week2|July15-19Week3|July22-26?Registerforasingleweekormultipleweeks.?Fees:$365perweek.?Thelastdaytocancelregistrationandreceiveafullrefund(退款)isJune15.CampStructureThedayisdividedintotwothematicsessionsperagegroup.Campershaveathree-hourmorningclassengagingwithamorningtheme(9amto12noon)andaone-hourlunchbreak,followedbyanotherthree-hourclassengagingwithanafternoontheme(1pmto4pm).Snackperiodsareheldthroughouttheday.Allcampersshouldbringtheirownbaggedlunchandsnacks.CampContentExplorersCamporganizesengagingarts,historyandscience-relatedactivitiesinevery!class,andfocusesonarangeoftopicsthatemphasizeactivelearning,explorationand,mostofall,fun!Allcampsessionsarecreatedwithage-appropriateactivitiesthataretailoredtothemultiplewaysthatkidslearn.CampStaffCampersenjoyastaff-to-childratiorangingfrom1:4to1:7dependingontheagegroup.Instructorsarepassionateeducatorswhoareexpertsintheirfieldsandhaveundergonetrainingandabackgroundcheck.1.Onwhichofthefollowingdatescanyoucancelyourregistrationwithafullrefund?A.June12. B.June22. C.July19. D.July26.2.Howarecampersdividedintodifferentgroups?A.Bygender. B.Bynationality. C.Byinterest. D.Byage.3.Howmanyhoursofclasswillyouhavealtogetherifyouregisterforasingleweek?A.15. B.21. C.30. D.42.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了探險(xiǎn)家營(yíng)地的相關(guān)信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“?Thelastdaytocancelregistrationandreceiveafullrefund(退款)isJune15.(取消注冊(cè)并獲得全額退款的最終一天是6月15日)”可知，你可以在6月12日取消注冊(cè)并全額退款。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)CampStructure部分中的“Thedayisdividedintotwothematicsessionsperagegroup.(白天按每個(gè)年齡組分為兩個(gè)專題會(huì)議)”可知，露營(yíng)者按年齡劃分成不同的小組。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“?Monday-Friday,July8-26,9am-4pm.(7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9點(diǎn)至下午4點(diǎn))”可知，每周支配5天的活動(dòng)。依據(jù)CampStructure部分中的“Campershaveathree-hourmorningclassengagingwithamorningtheme(9amto12noon)andaone-hourlunchbreak,followedbyanotherthree-hourclassengagingwithanafternoontheme(1pmto4pm).(露營(yíng)者有一個(gè)三小時(shí)的上午課程（上午9點(diǎn)到中午12點(diǎn)）和一個(gè)小時(shí)的午休時(shí)間，然后是另一個(gè)三個(gè)小時(shí)的下午課程（下午1點(diǎn)到下午4點(diǎn)）)”可知，全天有6個(gè)小時(shí)的課程。5*6=30。由此可知，假如你注冊(cè)一周，你總共有30小時(shí)的課程。故選C。BLivewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.IremembershowingmyparentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn’tneed.SinceIhadmyowntoiletries(洗漱用品),Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialsoofferedtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowastegroceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfifotherscommentonwhatyou’redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon’tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“jumponthatbandwagon”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Shareanapartmentwithyou. B.Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.C.Transformyourwayofliving. D.Helpyoutomakethedecision.5.Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthor’sfathertowardbuyinggrocerieswithjars?A.Hedisapprovedofit. B.Hewasfavorabletoit.C.Hewastolerantofit. D.Hedidn’tcareaboutit.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A.Sheisquitegoodatcooking. B.Sherespectsothers’privacy.C.Sheenjoysbeingahousewife. D.Sheisadeterminedperson.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.B.Howtohaveone’sownpersonalspaceathome.C.Howtoliveazerowastelifestyleinahousehold.D.Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者如何在家庭中過(guò)零奢侈的生活方式?！?題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)劃線部分前文“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto(假如你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你四周的每個(gè)人都打算好)”及其次段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，我學(xué)到了一些東西，我希望假如你在一個(gè)不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄清晰如何做出變更，你會(huì)感到鼓舞)”可知，假如你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你四周的每個(gè)人都打算好加入這一運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此推知，劃線詞組jumponthatbandwagon與Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故選B。【5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.(幾天后，我?guī)е谝还蘖銖U物雜貨回來(lái)了，我父親評(píng)論說(shuō)，我到處帶著罐子是多么愚蠢。結(jié)果有點(diǎn)令人懊喪)”可推知，作者的父親不贊成用罐子買食品雜貨。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.(然而，隨著削減奢侈的幾個(gè)月的持續(xù)，我盡了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.(或許你的家庭不會(huì)完全變更，但你可以限制自己的個(gè)人空間，做出你想要的變更)”可推知，作者是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)決的人。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.(假如你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你四周的每個(gè)人都打算好加入這一運(yùn)動(dòng))”及其次段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，我學(xué)到了一些東西，我希望假如你在一個(gè)不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄清晰如何做出變更，你會(huì)感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要講解并描述了作者如何在家庭中過(guò)零奢侈的生活方式。故選C。CEventhoughwatercoversabout71percentoftheEarth’ssurface,notallofitissafetodrink.Infact,lessthanthreepercentisfreshwater,accordingtotheUnitedStatesBureauofReclamation.Mostofthewateriscontainedintheoceansandmustbedesalinated(脫鹽)foruse.NowresearchersfromMIThavedevelopedasuitcase-sizeddesalinationdevicethatcouldbeusedtoproducecleandrinkingwater.ThenewportabledeviceproduceswaterthatactuallygoesbeyondtheWorldHealthOrganizationstandards,justbypushingabutton,accordingtoapressreleasefromMIT.Therearenofiltersrequired.Thedevicepoweredbyasmallportablesolarpaneluseselectricitytoremovesaltandotherparticlesfromthesaltwater.Thiseliminatestheneedforrepeatedlycheckingorrepairingit.Nowmostavailableportabledesalinationunitsusefiltersthatrequirehigh-pressurepumpstopushthewater,whichmakesthemheavierandlessenergyefficient.Thefilterlessfeatureofthenewdevicewillallowittobeusedinfarawayplacesorplaceswithlimitedresourceslikesmallislandsandships,andevenforemergencies.“Thisisreallythehighestpointofa10-yearjourneythatIandmygrouphavebeenon.Weworkedforyearsonthephysicsbehindindividualdesalinationprocesses,butpushingallthoseadvancesintoabox,buildingasystem,andtestingitintheoceanwerereallymeaningfulexperiencesforme,”saysJongyoonHan,theseniorauthorofthestudy.Aftertheresearchersrantestsinthelab,thedevicewasreadyforfieldtests.AtBoston’sCarsonBeach,thedevicefilledaplasticdrinkingcupwithclear,drinkablewaterinjusthalfanhour.Nowtheresearchersarestillworkingonafinaldesignthatcouldusecheapermaterialssothatitcanbeavailabletothegeneralpublic,andanewmodelofthedevicecouldbereadybytheendof2024.Thissmallbutpowerfuldesalinationunitmaybethekeytobringingsafewatertoathirstyworld.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminates”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Proves. B.Creates. C.Satisfies. D.Removes.9.WhatcanweinferaboutthedevicefromParagraph3?A.Itallowshighproductionofcleanwater. B.ItmakesabreakthroughinapplicationC.Itmayprovidepowerforfarawayplaces D.Itcanreplacemostdesalinationdevices.10.WhatdoJongyoonHan’swordssuggest?A.ThepublicthinkshighlyofthedeviceB.Thetestingsystemforthedevicehasbeenoutofdate.C.Developingthedeviceischallengingbutworthwhile.D.Furtherstudiesareneededbeforemarketingthedevice.11.Whichaspectofthedevicearetheresearcherstryingtoimprove?A.Itsaffordability. B.Theenergyitneeds.C.Itsperformanceindryareas. D.Thepurityofthewateritproduces.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講麻省理工學(xué)院的探討人員已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)出一種手提箱大小的脫鹽裝置，可以用來(lái)生產(chǎn)清潔的飲用水?！?題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。由文章其次段“Therearenofiltersrequired.Thedevicepoweredbyasmallportablesolarpaneluseselectricitytoremovesaltandotherparticlesfromthesaltwater.(該裝置由一個(gè)小型便攜式太陽(yáng)能電池板供電，利用電力去除鹽水中的鹽和其他微粒)”以及第三段“Nowmostavailableportabledesalinationunitsusefiltersthatrequirehigh-pressurepumpstopushthewater,whichmakesthemheavierandlessenergyefficient.(現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)便攜式脫鹽裝置都運(yùn)用須要高壓泵推動(dòng)水的過(guò)濾器，這使得它們更重，能效更低)”可知，與以前的設(shè)備對(duì)比，新設(shè)備更簡(jiǎn)潔更輕更有效，能“消退”反復(fù)檢查或修理這些問(wèn)題。所以推想eliminate是“消退，解除”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章第三段“Thefilterlessfeatureofthenewdevicewillallowittobeusedinfarawayplacesorplaceswithlimitedresourceslikesmallislandsandships,andevenforemergencies.(新設(shè)備的無(wú)過(guò)濾器功能將允許它用于遙遠(yuǎn)的地方或資源有限的地方，如小島嶼和船只，甚至用于緊急狀況)”可知，新設(shè)備在運(yùn)用的場(chǎng)地方面有了突破。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章第四段“‘Thisisreallythehighestpointofa10-yearjourneythatIandmygrouphavebeenon.Weworkedforyearsonthephysicsbehindindividualdesalinationprocesses,butpushingallthoseadvancesintoabox,buildingasystem,andtestingitintheoceanwerereallymeaningfulexperiencesforme,’saysJongyoonHan,theseniorauthorofthestudy.(該探討的資深作者JongyoonHan說(shuō)：“這真的是我和我的團(tuán)隊(duì)十年旅程中的最高點(diǎn)。我們多年來(lái)始終致力于個(gè)體脫鹽過(guò)程背后的物理探討，但把全部這些進(jìn)展都推到一個(gè)盒子里，建立一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，并在海洋中進(jìn)行測(cè)試，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是特別有意義的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！?”可知，整個(gè)研發(fā)過(guò)程持續(xù)十年說(shuō)明這項(xiàng)目很有挑戰(zhàn)性，但JongyoonHan也認(rèn)為這很有意義，是值得的。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章最終一段“Nowtheresearchersarestillworkingonafinaldesignthatcouldusecheapermaterialssothatitcanbeavailabletothegeneralpublic,andanewmodelofthedevicecouldbereadybytheendof2024.(現(xiàn)在，探討人員仍在探討最終設(shè)計(jì)，該設(shè)計(jì)可以運(yùn)用更便宜的材料，以便公眾可以運(yùn)用，2024年底，該設(shè)備的新型號(hào)可能會(huì)打算就緒)”可知，現(xiàn)在探討者正在考慮價(jià)格問(wèn)題，打算運(yùn)用更便宜材料以致于公眾能夠購(gòu)買得起。故選A項(xiàng)。DAccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustryAssociation,thenumberofsolarpanelsinstalled(安裝)hasgrownrapidlyinthepastdecade,andithastogrowevenfastertomeetclimategoals.Butallofthatgrowthwilltakeupalotofspace,andthoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenergy,fewlikelargesolarpanelstobeinstallednearthem.Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven’tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem.Often,they’llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,”saysJordanMacknick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReductionsontheEnvironment(InSPIRE)project.“Theyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandandcontributetotheagriculturaleconomy.”InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“l(fā)ow-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiestlow-impactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpollinators(傳粉昆蟲).Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclinesinpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.Conservationorganizationsputoutpollinator-friendlinessguidelinesforhomegardens,businesses,schools,cities—andnowthereareguidelinesforsolarfarms.Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.“Thesepollinator-friendlysolarfarmscanhaveavaluableimpactoneverythingthat’sgoingoninthelandscape,”saysMacknick.12.Whatdosolardevelopersoftenignore?A.Thedeclineinthedemandforsolarenergy.B.Thenegativeimpactofinstallingsolarpanels.C.Therisinglaborcostofbuildingsolarfarms.D.Themostrecentadvancesinsolartechnology.13.WhatdoesInSPIREaimtodo?A.Improvetheproductivityoflocalfarms.B.Inventnewmethodsforcontrollingweeds.C.Makesolarprojectsenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Promotetheuseofsolarenergyinruralareas.14.Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedinparagraph4?A.Toconservepollinators. B.Torestrictsolardevelopment.C.Todiversifytheeconomy. D.Toensurethesupplyofenergy.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Pollinators:ToLeaveortoStay B.SolarEnergy:HopefortheFutureC.InSPIRE:ALeaderinAgriculture D.SolarFarms:ANewDevelopment【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹的是用一種更加友好的方式建立一種新型的太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)，這種新型的農(nóng)場(chǎng)更有利于愛(ài)護(hù)各種傳粉昆蟲，從而促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Often,they’llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.(通常，他們最終會(huì)用小石頭填滿該地區(qū)，并運(yùn)用化學(xué)物質(zhì)來(lái)限制雜草。結(jié)果是，很多社區(qū)，特殊是在農(nóng)業(yè)地區(qū)，將太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)視為土壤的破壞者。)”可知，太陽(yáng)能開(kāi)發(fā)者采納不環(huán)保的方式處理太陽(yáng)能板安裝后產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題，導(dǎo)致人們把太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)看作是土壤的破壞者，由此可以推斷，開(kāi)發(fā)者在安裝太陽(yáng)能板后忽視了其帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“l(fā)ow-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.(InSPIRE正在探討“低影響”太陽(yáng)能開(kāi)發(fā)的好用方法，其重點(diǎn)是以對(duì)土地更友好的方式建立和運(yùn)營(yíng)太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)。)”可知，InSPIRE采納有好的方式建立和運(yùn)營(yíng)太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)，也就是使得太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)更加環(huán)保。故選C項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.(超過(guò)28個(gè)州通過(guò)了與傳粉媒介棲息地愛(ài)護(hù)和農(nóng)藥運(yùn)用有關(guān)的法律。)”可知，這些法律都是與愛(ài)護(hù)傳粉者棲息地和農(nóng)藥運(yùn)用相關(guān)，所以這些法律的目的是愛(ài)護(hù)授粉者。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.(在過(guò)去的幾年里，很多太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)開(kāi)發(fā)商將太陽(yáng)能電池板下的空間改造成各種傳粉媒介的庇護(hù)所，從而改善了土壤并削減了碳排放。)”可知，現(xiàn)在的太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)在過(guò)去的幾年里已經(jīng)得到了很大的發(fā)展，更重要的是太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)也變得更加的環(huán)保，這將是將來(lái)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)的新趨勢(shì)，再結(jié)合全文對(duì)太陽(yáng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展過(guò)程的介紹可以推斷，本文主題是介紹太陽(yáng)能農(nóng)場(chǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有利項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbookyournextdomesticvacationonatrain?Comparedtootheralternatives,it’scomfortableandrelaxing.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeatripbyrailaspleasantaspossible.Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.____16____Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it’sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.Useatravelagent.Considerturningyourtravelplanovertoatravelagentandlettinghimdouble-checkallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactualreservations.Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.____17____Thenyouwon’thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.Bringablanket.Whenyou’reridingontrains,youwon’tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.____18____Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.Arriveearly.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.____19____Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.Havefun.____20____Readabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts).Ifittakesthetrain53secondstotravelonemile,you’regoing67.92mph.A.Traintripsaren’tforimpatienttypes.B.You’llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C.Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D.That’sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E.Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F.Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G.Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat’srightnexttothediner.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.E20.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講解并描述一些關(guān)于如何使坐火車旅行盡可能開(kāi)心的建議?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.(提前支配。大多數(shù)長(zhǎng)途火車，尤其是臥鋪，很快就賣光了。)”以及下文“Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it’sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.(但無(wú)論你什么時(shí)候去旅行，最好至少提前90天預(yù)訂。)”可知，大多數(shù)長(zhǎng)途火車的臥鋪很簡(jiǎn)潔被定完，所以要提前支配預(yù)定，D項(xiàng)“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合語(yǔ)境，D項(xiàng)中“busysummermonths”與前后文呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明勞碌的夏季尤其須要提前支配。故選D項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.(一個(gè)好的旅行社有時(shí)可以幫你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Thenyouwon’thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.(這樣你就不必為了吃飯而每天三次在行駛的火車上穿過(guò)幾節(jié)車廂了。)”可知，好的旅行社幫你預(yù)定，不僅可以找到打折的票，還可以節(jié)約從臥鋪到餐車的距離，G項(xiàng)中“bookyouinasleepingcarthat’srightnexttothediner”與前后文對(duì)應(yīng)，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“他可能還會(huì)給你預(yù)訂餐廳旁邊的臥鋪車廂。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Whenyou’reridingontrains,youwon’tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.(當(dāng)你乘坐火車時(shí)，你不會(huì)免費(fèi)獲得一條毯子，即使你的旅行是過(guò)夜的。)”以及下文“Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.(特殊是在夏天，空調(diào)會(huì)讓他們很冷。)”可知，這里提到了車廂內(nèi)溫度的問(wèn)題，提示乘客最好自備毛毯，C項(xiàng)中“Thetemperatureonrailcars”與前后文對(duì)應(yīng)，因此推斷C項(xiàng)“列車上的溫度通常很難限制?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.(大多數(shù)火車每天只開(kāi)一趟，有些火車一周只開(kāi)三趟，所以錯(cuò)過(guò)你的火車可能是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。)”以及下文“Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.(留意:時(shí)刻表上列出的時(shí)間是動(dòng)身時(shí)間，不是到達(dá)時(shí)間。)”可知，本段提示要提前支配時(shí)間，錯(cuò)過(guò)時(shí)間是很麻煩的事情，E項(xiàng)中“Youmighthavetowaitlonger”與前后文對(duì)應(yīng)，說(shuō)明錯(cuò)過(guò)火車導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，因此推斷E項(xiàng)“你可能要等上超過(guò)24小時(shí)才能趕上下一班?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Havefun.(玩得快樂(lè))”以及下文“Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts).”(要計(jì)算你的速度，用3600(一小時(shí)的秒數(shù))除以你走一英里(兩個(gè)里程碑之間的距離)所花費(fèi)的秒數(shù)。)”可知，本段講解并描述如何度過(guò)乘車時(shí)間，A項(xiàng)中講到火車旅行不適合沒(méi)有耐性的人與后文要計(jì)算時(shí)間，用不同的方式打發(fā)時(shí)間對(duì)應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。其次部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasinsixthgrade,Ijoinedthebandprogramtolearntoplaytheclarinet(單簧管).Thebeginningoftheyearhadgone____21____.Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedtofallbehind.Oneday,whenmyteachertoldustoplayinfrontoftheotherstudents,Iwasfilledwithfear.IknewIwould____22____.WhenIbegantoplay,myrhythms(節(jié)奏)weregood,butmytonewasanother____23____.“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”theteacherbarkedatme.Ifeltso____24____andmyworldcame____25____downinaninstant.Fromthenon,IhatedplayingtheclarinetandIkeptgetting____26____.Withthedayofthenewperformanceapproaching,Igrewincreasinglyupset.Inamomentof____27____,Iaskedforsickleave.Itwassorelievingandsucha(n)____28____wayout.Theavoidanceofmylessonscontinueduntilmymumaskedmeaboutit.“Iwanttoquit.”Mytearsstarted____29____.“Ifyoureallywanttoquit,whyareyoucrying?”askedmum.She_____30_____andIrealizedIwantedtostayinbandand,bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto_____31_____outof.Imadea_____32_____nottohidefrommyfearsandtostanduptoeventheworstofthem,soa_____33_____couldbeachieved.ThenextdayImetwithmybandteacherandtoldherIwashavingaproblemandcouldn’t_____34_____why.Sheaskedmegentlytoplayforher.Itried,butonlyanunpleasantsoundcameout.Shedidn’t_____35_____atmeandhandedmeanewreed(簧片).Iputitinplaceandtriedagain.Tomygreat_____36_____Icouldplaywell.Myproblemwassolvedandmyfearwas_____37_____alotthatyear._____38_____I’mgladthatIovercamemyfear.Fearcan_____39_____everythinginaperson’slife.Hidingfromthoseveryfearsonlycreatesahole,whichmakesapersonstay_____40_____inside.Afterfacinguptoafear,onemayfindlifeeasierandmuchmoreenjoyable.21.A.badly B.endlessly C.randomly D.smoothly22.A.messup B.moveon C.setout D.takeoff23.A.impression B.essay C.story D.factor24.A.ashamed B.starved C.excited D.relaxed25.A.crashing B.moving C.selling D.bending26.A.stricter B.worse C.happier D.smarter27.A.joy B.panic C.doubt D.sympathy28.A.funny B.important C.easy D.traditional29.A.drying B.disappearing C.flowing D.separating30.A.hadapoint B.madeachange C.reachedalevel D.tookabreak31.A.send B.bring C.pick D.climb32.A.request B.resolution C.presentation D.proposal33.A.balance B.degree C.position D.solution34.A.figureout B.giveaway C.thinkover D.makeup35.A.aim B.smile C.wave D.shout36.A.anger B.sorrow C.disappointment D.surprise37.A.felt B.shown C.removed D.voiced38.A.Carryingon B.Lookingback C.Steppingaside D.Turningaround39.A.consume B.examine C.reflect D.rescue40.A.unknown B.unpunished C.interested D.trapped【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.A25.A26.B27.B28.C29.C30.A31.D32.B33.D34.A35.D36.D37.C38.B39.A40.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者因?yàn)樽约簡(jiǎn)位晒苎葑嗟貌缓茫械胶馨脝?，確定躲避，在媽媽的啟發(fā)下，作者確定面對(duì)恐驚，找到老師尋求幫助，最終解決了問(wèn)題，也戰(zhàn)勝了自己的恐驚?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：年初進(jìn)展順當(dāng)。A.badly嚴(yán)峻地；B.endlessly無(wú)窮地；C.randomly隨機(jī)地；D.smoothly順當(dāng)?shù)?。依?jù)下文“Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedtofallbehind.”可知，上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，年初進(jìn)展順當(dāng)，但隨著大多數(shù)學(xué)生的進(jìn)步，我似乎落后了。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我知道我會(huì)搞砸的。A.messup搞砸；B.moveon接著前進(jìn)；C.setout動(dòng)身，動(dòng)身；D.takeoff起飛。依據(jù)上文“Iseemedtofallbehind”可知，我似乎落后于其他同學(xué)，由此可知，我認(rèn)為自己演奏的不好，會(huì)搞砸的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我起先演奏時(shí)，我的節(jié)奏很好，但我的音調(diào)是另一回事。A.impression印象；B.essay散文；C.story故事，情節(jié)；D.factor因素。依據(jù)上文“Iseemedtofallbehind”可知，我演奏的不好，雖然節(jié)奏很好，但演奏不在調(diào)上，音調(diào)是另一回事，“mytonewasanotherstory”用來(lái)描述演奏不在調(diào)上。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很慚愧，我的世界瞬間崩潰了。A.ashamed慚愧的；B.starved饑餓的；C.excited興奮的；D.relaxed放松的。依據(jù)上文“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”可知，老師質(zhì)疑我的演奏，懷疑我沒(méi)有練習(xí)，由此可知，我為此感到慚愧。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很慚愧，我的世界瞬間崩潰了。A.crashing崩潰；B.moving移動(dòng)；C.selling出售；D.bending彎曲。依據(jù)上文“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”可知，老師質(zhì)疑我的演奏，懷疑我沒(méi)有練習(xí)，由此可知，我感到很慚愧，感覺(jué)世界瞬間崩潰了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，我厭煩吹單簧管，而且越來(lái)越糟糕。A.stricter更嚴(yán)格的；B.worse更糟的；C.happier更歡樂(lè)的；D.smarter更聰慧的。依據(jù)下文“Igrewincreasinglyupset”可知，我感到越來(lái)越懊喪，由此可知，我的狀態(tài)越來(lái)越糟糕。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一陣恐慌中，我請(qǐng)了病假。A.joy喜悅；B.panic恐慌；C.doubt懷疑；D.sympathy憐憫。依據(jù)上文“Ihatedplayingtheclarinet”和“Withthedayofthenewperformanceapproaching,Igrewincreasinglyupset.”可知，我厭煩吹單簧管，我感到越來(lái)越懊喪，由此可知，因?yàn)閷?duì)即將到來(lái)的表演感到恐慌，所以我請(qǐng)了病假。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一種解脫和簡(jiǎn)潔的方式。A.funny好玩的；B.important重要的；C.easy簡(jiǎn)潔的；D.traditional傳統(tǒng)的。依據(jù)上文“Ihatedplayingtheclarinet”可知，我厭煩吹單簧管，由此可知，我請(qǐng)了病假，這是一種讓我解脫的簡(jiǎn)潔的方式，我可以不再面對(duì)單簧管表演。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我想退出?！蔽业难蹨I起先流下來(lái)。A.drying使變干；B.disappearing消逝；C.flowing流淌；D.separating使分開(kāi)。依據(jù)下文“whyareyoucrying”可知，我哭了，由此可知，我的眼淚流了下來(lái)。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)得很有道理，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂(lè)隊(duì)里，因?yàn)闆](méi)有面對(duì)我的恐驚，我創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)很難爬出來(lái)的黑洞。A.hadapoint有道理；B.madeachange做出變更；C.reachedalevel達(dá)到肯定水平；D.tookabreak休息一下。依據(jù)句中“IrealizedIwantedtostayinbandand”可知，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂(lè)隊(duì)里，由此可知，我認(rèn)為媽媽的話“Ifyoureallywanttoquit,whyareyoucrying?(假如你真的想退出，為什么要哭？)”說(shuō)得很有道理，假如我真想退出，就不會(huì)哭。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)得很有道理，我意識(shí)到我想留在樂(lè)隊(duì)里，因?yàn)闆](méi)有面對(duì)我的恐驚，我創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)很難爬出來(lái)的黑洞。A.send發(fā)送；B.bring帶來(lái)；C.pick選擇；D.climb爬。依據(jù)句中“createdablackhole”可知，我無(wú)法面對(duì)我的恐驚，就像給自己創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)黑洞，很難爬出來(lái)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐驚，即使是最糟糕的恐驚，我也要與之對(duì)抗，這樣才能找到解決方法。A.request懇求；B.resolution正式確定，決心；C.presentation演示；D.proposal提議。依據(jù)句中“standuptoeventheworstofthem”可知，我確定與恐驚對(duì)抗，由此可知，我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐驚。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下定決心，不躲避自己的恐驚，即使是最糟糕的恐驚，我也要與之對(duì)抗，這樣才能找到解決方法。A.balance平衡；B.degree程度，度數(shù)；C.position位置；D.solution解決方法。依據(jù)句中“standuptoeventheworstofthem”可知，我確定與恐驚對(duì)抗，是為了找到解決問(wèn)題的方法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：其次天，我見(jiàn)到了我的樂(lè)隊(duì)老師，告知她我有一個(gè)問(wèn)題，不理解為什么會(huì)這樣。A.figureout理解，想出；B.giveaway贈(zèng)送；C.thinkover細(xì)致考慮；D.makeup編造。依據(jù)句中“ThenextdayImetwithmybandteacherandtoldherIwashavingaproblem”可知，我把問(wèn)題告知老師，由此可知，我不理解為什么會(huì)這樣，所以才請(qǐng)教老師。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒(méi)有沖我大喊大叫，遞給我一個(gè)新簧片。A.aim目的是；B.smile微笑；C.wave揮手；D.shout喊叫。依據(jù)句中“Sheaskedmegentlytoplayforher.”可知，老師溫順地讓我為她演奏，由此可知，她情愿幫助我解決問(wèn)題，得知我的問(wèn)題后，沒(méi)有沖我大喊大叫。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我特別驚異的是，我能演奏得很好。A.anger生氣；B.sorrow哀痛；C.disappointment悲觀；D.surprise驚異。依據(jù)句中“Icouldplaywell”可知，我之前始終演奏不好，突然能演奏得很好，這令我感到驚異。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那一年，我的問(wèn)題解決了，我的恐驚消退了很多。A.felt感覺(jué)到；B.shown展示；C.removed去除，使消逝；D.voiced表達(dá)，吐露。依據(jù)句中“Myproblemwassolved”可知，我的問(wèn)題解決了，由此可知，我的恐驚消退了很多，不再那么膽怯 演奏了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：回首往事，我很興奮我克服了恐驚。A.Carryingon接著；B.Lookingback回顧，回首往事；C.Steppingaside下臺(tái)，讓位；D.Turningaround轉(zhuǎn)身，調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)方向。依據(jù)句中“Iovercamemyfear”可知，我克服了恐驚是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事，由此可知，句中指回首往事，我很興奮我克服了恐驚。故選B項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：恐驚會(huì)消耗一個(gè)人生活中的一切。A.consume消耗；B.examine檢查；C.reflect反映；D.rescue營(yíng)救。依據(jù)上文“bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto_____outof”可知，因?yàn)闆](méi)有面對(duì)我的恐驚，我陷入逆境，無(wú)法面對(duì)生活，由此可知，恐驚會(huì)消耗一個(gè)人生活中的一切。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：躲避這些恐驚只會(huì)造成一個(gè)洞，讓人困在里面。A.unknown未知的；B.unpunished未受懲處的；C.interested感愛(ài)好的；D.trapped受困的。依據(jù)上文“bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto_____outof”可知，因?yàn)闆](méi)有面對(duì)我的恐驚，我創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)很難爬出來(lái)的黑洞，由此可知，躲避恐驚只會(huì)造成一個(gè)洞，人被困在里面。故選D項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Withhighyieldandsuperiorquality,Chinesehybridricevarietieshavebeenintroducedaroundtheworld,____41____(benefit)morepeople.TheexportofC