2021-2022學(xué)年甘肅省金昌市永昌第一某中學(xué)高二（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（附詳解）

2021-2022學(xué)年甘肅省金昌市永昌第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高二

（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Asweallknow,thenovelcoronaviruspneumonia（新冠肺炎）isagreatchallengeweare

facing.InthefightagainstCOVID-19,manynationalheroeshavebecomewell-knownto

thepublic.OnAugust11,2020,ChinesePresidentXiJinpingcommended（表彰）four

ofthemfortheiroutstandingcontribution

ZhongNanshanwasgiventheMedaloftheRepublic.Hehasbeen

ZhongleadingtheChinesegovernmentseffortsinthefightagainst

NanshanCOVID-19.TheoldexpertgotaresultthatCOVID-19couldbe

spreadbetweenhumans.

"ThePeople'sHero”wasgiventothreeothers.TheyareZhangBoli,Zhang

DingyuandChenWei.

ZhangBoliisatraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）expert.He

Zhang

hasbeeninchargeoftheresearchofCOVID-19treatments

Boli

connectingTCMwithWesternmedicine.

ZhangDingyuwastheheadofWuhan'sJinyintanHospitalin

Zhang

2O2O.Hegotanillnessin2018.However,hechosetostaywithhis

Dingyu

partnersinWuhantosavelives.

ChenWeiisaprofessor.Shehasmadegreatachievementsinthe

ChenWeiresearchonCOVID-19.SheisalsooneofthekeyleadersinChina's

Ebolavaccine（埃博拉疫苗）research.

Thepurposeofgivingthenation'stophonorstothesepeoplewastoshowthegreat

courageandthespiritofworkingtogetheroftheChinesepeople.

1.Howmanypeoplewasgiven"thePeople'sHero"byChinesePresidentXiJinping?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

2.Whosufferedfromadiseasein2018accordingtothepassage?

A.ZhongNanshan.B.ZhangBoli.

C.ZhangDingyu.D.ChenWei.

3.Whichofthefollowingisrightinthepassage?

A.ChenWeiistheheadofWuhan'sJinyintanHospital.

B.ZhangDingyuisatraditionalChinesemedicineexpert.

C.ChenWeihasbeeninchargeoftheresearchconnectingTCMwithWesternmedicine.

D.ZhongNanshangotaresultthatCOVID-19couldbespreadbetweenhumans.

B

Everybody,atsomepointintheirlives,hasexperiencedfailure.ltcouldbesomethingas

simpleasnotgettingthejobyouwanted,orgettingfewermarksevenafterhardwork.But

whatmakesyouisnotyourfailure,buthowyougetbackupafterbeinghit.

Once,ayoungschoolboywascaughtinafireaccidentinhisschoolandwasassumed（認(rèn)

定）thathewouldnotlive.Hismotherwastoldthathewassuretodie,fortheterriblefire

haddestroyedthelowerhalfofhisbody.Evenifheweretosurvive,hewouldbelame（痛

的）throughouthislife.

Butthebraveboydidnotwanttodienordidhewanttobelame.Muchtotheamazement

ofthedoctor,hedidsurvive.Butunfortunatelyfromhiswaist（腰部）down,hehadno

motorability.Histhinlegsjusthungthere,lifeless.Eventuallyheleftthehospital.Buthis

determinationtowalkwasunshakable.Athome,whenhewasnotinbed,hehadtostayina

wheelchair.Oneday,hethrewhimselffromthechairandpulledhimselfacrossthe

grass,dragginghislegsbehindhim.Hereachedthefence,raisedhimselfupandthenbegan

dragginghimselfalongthefence,firmlydetermined.Hedidthiseveryday,withfaithin

himselfthathewouldbeabletowalkunaided.Withhisirondetermination,hediddevelop

theabilitytostandup,thentowalkonandoff,thentowalkbyhimselfandthentorun.

Hebegantowalktoschool,andthenruntoschool,torunforthejoyofrunning.Laterin

collegehewasonthetrackteam.

InFebruary1934,inNewYorkCity'sMadisonSquareGarden,thisyoungmanwhowas

notexpectedtosurvive,whowouldsurelyneverwalk,whocouldneverhopetorun-this

determinedyoungman,Dr.GlennCunningham,rantheworld'sfastestmile.

Agoodexampleofthepowerofpositivethinkingandfaithinone'sself,Glenn

Cunninghamcontinuestobeaninspirationformany,andhisstory,abrilliantevidenceto

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howonecanbouncebackevenwhenalldifficultiesarepiledagainstone,tothedegreethat

deathseemedthepreferableoption.

4.Whatwasthedoctor'sopinionaboutGlenn?

A.Glennwasabletowalkwithhisowngreateffort.

B.GreatdeterminationcouldmakeadifferencetoGlenn.

C.Glenncouldliveanormallifewiththeupperhalfofhisbody.

D.TherewasfewchancethatGlenncouldsurvive.

5.Theunderlinedword"unaided”means

A.withouthelpB.forhimself

C.withdisabilityD.withouthesitation

6.WhatdoweknowaboutGlenn?

A.Glenntookrecoveryexerciseinhospital.

B.GlennwonthefirstplaceinMarathon.

C.Glenninspiredpeoplewithhismovingstory.

D.Glennorganizedatrackteamincollege.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeephealthyB.Goafterdreams

C.StandupafterfailureD.Catcheverychance

c

Nowadays,manypeoplearefacinggreatpressureintheirlives.Fewthingsaremore

satisfyingthansleepinglateonweekends.Butthoughtheextrasleepmayimproveyour

mood,itdoesnotappeartoimproveyourhealth.Anewstudyshowsthatso-called

"recoverysleep,'cannotresetthebodyclockandmayactuallyleadtosomeserioushealth

problems.

ChristopherDepner,anassistantprofessorattheDepartmentofIntegrativePhysiologyof

theUniversityofColoradoBoulder,said,"Sleeplosscaninfluencearangeof

physiologicalsystems.ltcanincreaseourriskofhighbloodpressureandheartdisease,it

cancauseweightgain,anditcanincreaseourriskofdiabetes（糖尿病）

Inthestudy,Depnerandhiscolleaguesdividedthevolunteersintothreegroups.Onegroup

wasallowedtogetafullnightssleep.Thenextwaskepttojustfivehourseachnight.And

thethirdgroupwentbackandforth,limitedtofivehoursofshut-eyeduringthe

workweek,allowedasmuchsleepastheywantedovertheweekend,andthenbacktofive

hoursforthelastcoupleofdays.

nWefoundthatalossofsleepleadstoasharpincreaseinsnacking.Butevenmore

surprising,sleepingontheweekenddoesn'thelp-andevenmakesthingworse."said

Depener."Aftertheweekend,whentheywentbacktogettinginadequatesleepduringthe

workorschoolweek,theirliverandmuscleinsulin（胰島素）sensitivityorbloodsugar

regulationwasreduced.Andthisisnotsomethingwefoundinpeoplewhohadlong-term

inadequacysleepschedules.Soit'spossiblethatthisisaworseningofthebody'sabilityto

regulatebloodsugarforthesespecifictissuesaftertheweekend.'1

Somakeadatewithapillow.Andtradethesweetsforsweetdreams.

8.Whateffectdoessleeplosshaveonpeople?

A.Itresultsinchangesintheirmoods.

B.Itdoesharmtothebodyclock.

C.Itmakespeoplebecomeheavier.

D.Itdamagestheliverseverely.

9.Whatdoweknowaboutthevolunteersinthesecondgroup?

A.Theycouldhaveasmuchsleepaspossibleonweekends.

B.Theywereallowedtohavetheleastsleepinaweek.

C.Theirliverandmuscleinsulinsensitivitywasreduced.

D.Theirabilitytoregulatebloodsugarwasfoundworsened.

10.Whatdoestheauthoradvisereaderstodoaccordingtothetext?

A.Tobalancetheirworkandsleep.

B.Tosleepextrahoursonweekends.

C.Totradesomesweetsaspossible.

D.Togetenoughsleeponweekdays.

11.Fromwhichpartofawebsiteisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Culture.B.Sci-tech.C.Fashion.D.Health.

D

Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,manynewinventionshavebroughtmore

andmoreconveniencetoourlife.Aself-drivingbus,madebyCRRCElectricVehicleCo

Ltd,performedatrialruninParis,France.SmartelectricbusesmadeinChinaare

scheduledtostartregularpassengerservicesonopenroadsinautumnnextyear.

Demandforenvironmentallyfriendlypublictransportvehiclesisrisinginmanypartsof

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theworld,especiallyinEurope.Thecompanyputa12-meter-longself-drivingbusona

trialruninParislastweek.Theautonomousvehiclecleareda6-kilometerroutein

southeastParisonFriday.Inabout40minutes,thebuspassed26trafficlightsand10bus

stops.

BenjaminJoliviere,aFrenchengineer,saidtheresultsofthetrialwere"morethan

positive*'.ItwasthefirsttimeinFrancethataself-drivingbusranonaregularbusroute.

FrancoisYann,abusdriver,satinthedriver'sseatduringthetrialrun."Oncewehaddone

thetrainingandsawthevehicleinoperation,wefounditperformedactuallyquitewell,”

hesaid."Itfeelslikeatechnologyweweredreamingaboutwhenwewerekids.And

now,it'sallhappening…”.

Inrecentyears,smartbustrialshavebeenheldinanumberofChinesecities.CRRC

ElectricVehiclesaidthetrialoperationsofShanghai'sfirstautonomousbuslinebegan

lastmonth.The8.5-kmlinewitheightplatformsopenedtothepublicinmid-August.It

takesabus35to40minuteswith14busstopstocompletetheride.Theautonomous

vehiclescanautomaticallyrespondto15trafficlights,pullover,andopenandclosetheir

doors.

Thankstotherapiddevelopmentofdigital,intelligentandgreentechnologiesin

transport,Chinesecompaniesareseekingcommercialopportunities.Theyarepioneeringa

newwaveoftechnologicalbreakthroughs.

12.Thetrialrunwasdescribedinparagraph2by.

A.havingacontrastB.givingexamples

C.showingadiagramD.listingdata

13.WhatcanweinferaboutFrancoisYann?

A.Hehadmanydreamsinhischildhood.

B.Hejoinedthecompanyindesigningthebus.

C.Hehasbeenlongingtodrivesuchavehicle.

D.Hethoughtthetechnologyisnotworthit.

14.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthepassage?

A.Peopledesireforridingsmartbuses.

B.Chinaleadsthewayinsmartbuses.

C.SmartbuseshavebeenwidelyusedinChina.

D.Smartbuseshavebeensoldtomanycountries.

15.WhatisthesimilarityinnumberbetweenthetrialinParisandShanghai?

A.Ridingtime.B.Routelength.

C.Trafficlights.D.Busstops.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

Nowadays,anincreasingnumberofpeoplearewillingtoserveasvolunteers.Volunteering

offersgreathelptopeopleinneed,butthebenefitscanbeevengreaterforyou,the

volunteer.

(1).Beingavolunteerhelpsyoumakenewfriendsandimproveyoursocial

skills.Volunteeringisagreatwaytomeetnewpeople,especiallyifyouarenewtoan

area.Itdevelopsyourtiestothecommunity,broadensyoursupportnetworkandoffersyou

chancestoknowpeoplewithcommoninterestsandfunactivities.

(2),othersareshyandhaveahardtimemeetingnewpeople.Volunteeringgivesyouthe

opportunitytopracticeanddevelopyoursocialskills,sinceyouaremeetingregularlywith

agroupofpeoplewithcommoninterests.

Volunteeringisgoodforyourmindandbody.(3).Nothingreducesstressbetterthana

meaningfulconnectiontoanotherperson.Workingwithpetsandotheranimalshasalso

beenshowntoimprovemoodandreducestressandanxiety.Studieshavefoundthatolder

volunteersarelikelytowalkmoreandfinditeasiertosleepregularly.(4).

Ifyou'reconsideringanewjob,volunteeringcanhelpyougetexperienceinyourareaof

interestandmeetpeopleinthefield.(5),volunteeringgivesyoutheopportunityto

practiceimportantskillsusedintheworkplace,suchasteamwork

communication,problemsolvingandorganization.Youmightfeelmorecomfortable

stretching(伸展)yourwingsatworkonceyouhaveimprovedtheseskillsinavolunteer

positionfirst.

A.Volunteeringincreasesself-confidence

B.Evenifyou'renotplanningonchangingyourjob

C.Volunteeringconnectsyoutoothers

D.Volunteeringcanalsoreducetheriskofheartdisease

E.Itprovidesmanybenefitstobothmentalandphysicalhealth

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F.Manypeoplevolunteerinordertomaketimeforhobbiesoutsideofwork

G.Whilesomepeoplearenaturallyoutgoing

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

Twomen,bothseriouslyill,occupiedthesamehospitalroom.(21)manwasallowedtosit

upinhisbedforanhoureachafternoon.Hisbedwasnexttotheroom'sonly(22).Theother

manhadtospendallhistime(23)onhisback.

Theytalkedforhoursonend.Everyafternoonwhenthemanbythewindowcouldsit

up,he(24)passthetimebydescribingtohisroommateallthethingshecouldseeoutside

thewindow.Theothermanfelthisworldwouldbe(25)andbrightenedupbyallthe

wonderfulworldoutside.

Thewindowoverlookeda(26)withalovelylake.Ducksplayedonthewaterwhile

children(27)theirmodelboats.Youngloverswalkedarminarminflowers.Afineviewof

thecityskylinecouldbeseeninthe(28).

Asthemanbythewindowdescribedallthisindelicate(29),theothermanwouldclosehis

eyesand(30)thepicturesquescene.Onewarmafternoonthemanbythewindow

describedaparadepassing(31).Althoughtheothermancouldn'thearthe(32),hecouldsee

itinhismind'seyeasthegentlemanbythewindowpictureditwith(33)words.

Daysandweekspassed.Onemorning,thenursearrived,(34)tofindthelifelessbodyofthe

manbythewindow,whohaddiedpeacefullyinhissleep.Shewassadandhadthebody

takenaway.

Theothermanaskedtobe(35)nexttothewindow.Painfully,hesatuptotakehisfirstlook

attheworldoutside.Final!y,hewouldhavethejoyofseeingitforhimself.

Heslowlyturnedtolookoutofthewindow.Surprisingly,it(36)ablankwall.

Themanaskedthenursewhatcouldhave(37)hisroommatetodescribesuchwonderful

thingsoutside.Thenurse(38)thatthemanwasblind.''Perhapshejustwantedto(39)you.',

Sharedgriefishalfthesorrow,(40)happinesswhenshared,isdoubled.

21.A.OneB.TheoneC.ThisD.Another

22.A.entranceB.passageC.windowD.exit

23.A.quiteB.stillC.flatD.clam

24.A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.could

25.A.sharpenedB.deepenedC.shortenedD.broadened

26.A.courtyardB.marketC.villageD.park

27.A.designedB.sailedC.flewD.carried

28.A.distanceB.wayC.processD.course

29.A.effectB.particularC.detailD.relief

30.A.imagineB.spotC.realizeD.expose

31.A.byB.awayC.outD.down

32.A.concertB.newsC.bandD.voice

33.A.sensitiveB.descriptiveC.productiveD.active

34.A.latelyB.surelyC.onlyD.probably

35.A.organizedB.offeredC.substitutedD.switched

36.A.containedB.coveredC.connectedD.faced

37.A.referredB.motivatedC.sacrificedD.intended

38.A.respondedB.requestedC.respectedD.resisted

39.A.encourageB.recoverC.observeD.defend

40.A.orB.andC.soD.but

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.YuRong,aChineseartist,thinksofanewwaytointroduce(1)ancientstoryofHua

Mulaninherpicturebook.Inthebook,IAmHuaMulan,shetellsthestoryby(2)

(combine)paper-cuttingwithinternationalartisticstyles.SheplacesShaanxi

paper-cutsoverwestern-stylepencilsketches(素描)⑶(create)atypicalpresentation

ofChineseelements(元素),whichturnsouttobea(4)(success)andimpressive

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breakthrough.

HuaMulan,(5)storyhasbeentoldbygenerationsinChina,isafighterfromthe

NorthernWeiDynasty(386-534).Asadevoteddaughter,shedressedherselfasaman

toserveinthearmy(6)placeofherfather.Mulan'scharacteristics,suchascourage,

kindnessandadisinterestedattitudetowardfameandfortune,made(7)(she)oneof

themostrespectedhistoricalChineseheroines.Mulan'sstoryhasbeenadapted(8)

(frequent)inmodernmedia,includingTVshows,videogamesandliterature.For

example,in1998,DisneyproducedafilmnamedMulan,which(9)(consider)a

greatsuccessbycriticsandthepublic.

Tobettertellthestory,YuRongtakesinspirationfromherseveral(10)(visit)tosites

ofancientbattlesandHenanprovince'sYujuOpera.Afteryearsofpreparationshe

finallymakesthisextraordinarywork.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共I小題，共10.0分)

42.增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)畫掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：(1)每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；(2)只允許修改10處，多者(從第

11處起)不計(jì)分。

Nowadays,agreatnumberofpeople,especialyoungpeople,enjoyordermealsonline.It's

notsurprised.First.asthepaceofmodernlifeisbecomingfasterandfaster,peoplehave

lesstimetocookevenonemealforthem.Second,thedevelopmentoftechnologybrought

ussmartphonesandnewapps,whatmayleadtotheincreaseinonline

service.Therefbre,weshouldpaymoreattentiontofood.Asitisknowntoall,ourhealthis

closelyrelatedtowhatweeat.Althoughtheserviceprovidesuswithconvenience,wemust

takethefoodsafetyontoconsideration.Home-madefoodiscleanerandhealthier,soI

prefercookfoodathomeratherthanordermealsonline.

（1）

（2）

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Tom對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化有濃厚的興趣。你校講舉辦一

場(chǎng)介紹中國(guó)藝術(shù)的講座，請(qǐng)寫封郵件邀請(qǐng)他參加，內(nèi)容包括：

1.時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)

2.講座內(nèi)容（介紹中國(guó)畫、剪紙和京?。?/p>

3.準(zhǔn)備工作（簡(jiǎn)要了解一下相關(guān)知識(shí)）

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右。開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：中國(guó)畫Chinesepainting；剪紙papercuttings；京劇PekingOpera

DearTom,

Bestwishes!

Yours,

LiHua

第10頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】C【小題3】D

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中""ThePeople'sHero"wasgiventothreeothers.They

areZhangBoli,ZhangDingyuandChenWei."（"人民英雄"獎(jiǎng)授予另外三人。他們是張伯

禮，張定宇和陳薇）可知中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平授予三人"人民英雄"稱號(hào)。故選C。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中"ZhangDingyuwastheheadofWuhan'sJinyintanHospital

in2O2O.Hegotanillnessin2018.”（張定宇是2020年武漢金銀潭醫(yī)院院長(zhǎng)。2018年，他

生病了）可知2018年張定宇生病了。故選C。

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中"ZhongNanshanwasgiventheMedaloftheRepublic.He

hasbeenleadingtheChinesegovernment'seffortsinthefightagainstCOVID-19.Theold

expertgotaresultthatCOVID-19couldbespreadbetweenhumans."（鐘南山被授予“共和

國(guó)勛章"。他一直在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國(guó)政府抗擊新冠肺炎疫情。這位老專家得出的結(jié)論是：

COVID-19可能會(huì)在人與人之間傳播）可知鐘南山得出新冠病毒可能在人與人之間傳播

的結(jié)論。故選D。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講了在抗擊新冠肺炎的斗爭(zhēng)中，許多民族英雄為公眾所熟知。

2020年8月11S,中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平對(duì)其中4人的杰出貢獻(xiàn)給予表彰。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

4.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】C【小題4】C

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中"Muchtotheamazementofthedoctor,hedid

survive”（令醫(yī)生驚訝的是，他確實(shí)生存下來(lái)了。）可推知，醫(yī)生認(rèn)為Glenn生還的機(jī)

會(huì)很小。結(jié)合答案，故選D。

（2）A.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段中"Hedidthiseveryday,withfaithinhimselfthathe

wouldbeabletowalkunaided",分析上文可知，其中的this是指他靠自己走到籬笆前，

站起身來(lái)，然后開(kāi)始沿著籬笆拖著身子走，這個(gè)過(guò)程沒(méi)有任何人的幫助。A.withouthelp

沒(méi)有幫助；B.forhimself為了他自己；C.withdisability有殘疾；D.withouthesitation

毫不猶豫。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"Agoodexampleofthepowerofpositive（積極的）

thinkingandfaithinoneself,GlennCunninghamcontinuestobeaninspirationformany"

（Glenn是積極思考和對(duì)自己有信心的一個(gè)很好的例子，他繼續(xù)激勵(lì)著許多人）可知，

Glenn以他感人的故事激勵(lì)人們。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選C。

（4）C.標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中"Butwhatmakesyouisnotyourfailure,buthowyouget

backupafterbeinghit."（但讓你失敗的不是你的失敗，而是你在被擊中后如何重新振作

起來(lái)。）以及通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了Glenn用行動(dòng)戰(zhàn)勝困難，努力奮起的故事。

所以"C.Standupafterfailure"為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了每個(gè)人在人生的某個(gè)階段都經(jīng)歷過(guò)失敗。文章通過(guò)

Glenn幸存的故事，告訴我們"讓你成功的不是你的失敗，而是你如何在被打擊后重新站

起來(lái)"。

考查健康環(huán)保類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正

確的選擇。

8.【答案】

【小題11C【小題2】B【小題3】A【小題4】D

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Itcanincreaseourriskofhighblood

pressureandheartdisease,itcancauseweightgain,anditcanincreaseourriskofdiabetes（糖

尿病）（它會(huì)增加我們患高血壓和心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重增加，還會(huì)增加我們患

糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，睡眠不足會(huì)增加體重。故選C。

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句"Thenextwaskepttojustfivehourseachnight."

（接下來(lái)的一組（第二組）每晚只睡五個(gè)小時(shí)。）與第一組和第三組的睡眠時(shí)間對(duì)比可

知，第二組的睡眠時(shí)間最短。故選B。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Somakeadatewithapillow."（所以跟枕頭

約會(huì)吧）及前文對(duì)睡眠不足研究結(jié)果的分析可知，作者建議讀者平衡好工作與睡眠。故

第12頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

選Ao

（4）D.文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段第二句"Butthoughtheextrasleepmayimproveyour

mood,itdoesnotappeartoimproveyourhealth."（但是，盡管額外的睡眠可以改善你的情

緒，但它似乎并不能改善你的健康。）及文中關(guān)于睡眠不足對(duì)健康的影響可知，本文可

能選自健康板塊。A.Culture文化;B.Sci-tech科技;C.Fashion時(shí)尚;D.Health健康。故

選D。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究說(shuō)明利用周末睡懶覺(jué)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)周內(nèi)睡眠不足對(duì)身體健康有

很多不利的影響。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點(diǎn)。

12.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】B【小題4】A

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段相關(guān)語(yǔ)句

"Thecompanyputa12-meter-longself-drivingbusonatrialruninParislastweek.Theauton

omousvehiclecleareda6-kilometerrouteinsoutheastParisonFriday.Inabout40minutes,th

ebuspassed26trafficlightsand10busstops.上周，該公司在巴黎試駕了一輛12米長(zhǎng)的自

動(dòng)駕駛公共汽車。周五，這輛自動(dòng)駕駛汽車在巴黎東南部通過(guò)了一條6公里的路線。在

大約40分鐘內(nèi)，公共汽車通過(guò)了26個(gè)交通燈和10個(gè)公共汽車站。"可知這輛自動(dòng)駕駛

公交汽車的試駕是通過(guò)一些數(shù)據(jù)被描述出來(lái)的。故選D。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四自然段FrancoisYann所說(shuō)的這句話

"Itfeelslikeatechnologyweweredreamingaboutwhenwewerekids.Andnow,it'sallhappe

ning.這感覺(jué)就像是我們小時(shí)候夢(mèng)寐以求的一項(xiàng)技術(shù)?，F(xiàn)在，一切都在發(fā)生。"結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，

A.Hehadmanydreamsinhischildhood.他小時(shí)候有很多夢(mèng)想；

B.Hejoinedthecompanyindesigningthebus.他加入公司設(shè)計(jì)公共汽車；

C.Hehasbeenlongingtodrivesuchavehicle.他一直渴望開(kāi)這樣的車；

D.Hethoughtthetechnologyisnotworthit.他認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)不值得。故選C。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一自然段”

Thankstotherapiddevelopmentofdigital,intelligentandgreentechnologiesintransport,Chi

nesecompaniesareseekingcommercialopportunities.Theyarepioneeringanewwaveoftec

hnologicalbreakthroughs.由于交通領(lǐng)域數(shù)字、智能和綠色技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，中國(guó)企業(yè)正

在尋找商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。他們正在開(kāi)創(chuàng)新一輪的技術(shù)突破?！笨芍袊?guó)智能汽車正在開(kāi)創(chuàng)新一

輪的沖破，通過(guò)pioneer這個(gè)動(dòng)詞，可推斷出中國(guó)在此項(xiàng)技術(shù)上是具有開(kāi)創(chuàng)、領(lǐng)先的地

位，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Peopledesireforridingsmartbuses.人們渴望乘坐智能公共汽車；

B.Chinaleadsthewayinsmartbuses.中國(guó)在智能公交方面領(lǐng)先；

C.SmartbuseshavebeenwidelyusedinChina.智能公交車在中國(guó)得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用；

D.Smartbuseshavebeensoldtomanycountries.智能巴士已銷往許多國(guó)家。故選B。

（4）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段相關(guān)語(yǔ)句

"Inabout40minutes,thebuspassed26trafficlightsand10busstops.在大約40分鐘內(nèi)，巴

士通過(guò)了26個(gè)交通燈和10個(gè)公共汽車站”和第五自然段相關(guān)語(yǔ)句

"Ittakesabus35to40minuteswith14busstopstocompletetheride.乘坐公交車需要35到

40分鐘，共有14個(gè)公交站點(diǎn)?！笨芍@兩次試駕的時(shí)間是相同的，故選A。

本文是科教類閱讀，主要講述了現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展在給人們的生活帶來(lái)便捷的同時(shí)，

也帶來(lái)了某些不好的影響。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子

的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

16.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】G【小題3】E【小題4】D【小題5】B

【解析】（1）C.段落主旨題。根據(jù)下文"Beingavolunteerhelpsyoumakenewfriendsand

improveyoursocialskills.（成為一名志愿者可以幫助你結(jié)交新朋友，提高你的社交技能。）

”說(shuō)明當(dāng)一名志愿者可以幫助聯(lián)系別人，提高社交技能，選項(xiàng)C選項(xiàng)：

Volunteeringconnectsyoutoothers.”志愿活動(dòng)將你和他人聯(lián)系起來(lái)”概括本段主題，志愿

活動(dòng)將你和他人聯(lián)系起來(lái)，引出下文。選項(xiàng)中connectsyoutoothers和下文中makenew

friendsandimproveyoursocialskills語(yǔ)義相關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)。

（2）G.邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)下文"othersareshyandhaveahardtimemeetingnewpeople（有

些人害羞，很難認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友。）”說(shuō)明有些人害羞，選項(xiàng)G選項(xiàng)：

第14頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

Whilesomepeoplearenaturallyoutgoing"雖然有些人天生外向"和下文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，雖

然有人天生外向，但是有人卻天生害羞。選項(xiàng)中some和下文中others是習(xí)慣搭配。故

選G項(xiàng)。

（3）E.邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)上文"Volunteeringisgoodforyourmindandbody.（志愿活

動(dòng)對(duì)你的身心都有好處。）”說(shuō)明志愿活動(dòng)對(duì)身心有好處，選項(xiàng)E選項(xiàng)：

Itprovidesmanybenefitstobothmentalandphysicalhealth"它對(duì)身心健康都有很多好處”

承接上文，是對(duì)上文的強(qiáng)調(diào)。選項(xiàng)中providesmanybenefitstobothmentalandphysical

health和上文中isgoodforyourmindandbody語(yǔ)義一致。故選E項(xiàng)。

（4）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文段首"Volunteeringisgoodforyourmindandbody.（志

愿活動(dòng)對(duì)你的身心都有好處）”概括本段主題，志愿活動(dòng)對(duì)身心有好處，選項(xiàng)D選項(xiàng)：

Volunteeringcanalsoreducetheriskofheartdisease"志愿服務(wù)也可以降低患心臟病的風(fēng)

險(xiǎn)”呼應(yīng)段首，說(shuō)明志愿活動(dòng)對(duì)身體的具體好處。故選D項(xiàng)。

（5）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Ifyou'reconsideringanewjob,volunteeringcanhelpyouget

experienceinyourareaofinterestandmeetpeopleinthefield.（如果你正在考慮一份新工

作，志愿活動(dòng)可以幫助你在你感興趣的領(lǐng)域獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并結(jié)識(shí)該領(lǐng)域的人）"說(shuō)明志愿

活動(dòng)