高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)二輪用書英語(新高考)七選五考點(diǎn)分類練4　邏輯關(guān)系類

高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024考點(diǎn)分類練(四)邏輯關(guān)系類Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023山東泰安二模)How

to

set

up

a

Library

of

ThingsInsteadofcluttering(亂堆放)ourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupaLibraryofThingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.

1

Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.Here’showtostartyourown:

Talk

to

your

neighbours

2

Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Find

a

spaceStartsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.

3

Why

start

a

Library

of

Things?Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!

4

InspiredbytoollibrariesintheUSandlendinglibrariesinBerlin,westartedasmallLibraryofThingslocallyandsevenyearslaterwe’rerunningfiveLibraryofThingslocationsacrossLondon.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4What

other

impact

on

the

local

area?We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.

5

Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Findoutiflocalpeopleneedasharinglibrary.B.TheLibraryofThingshasamultipliereffectlocally.C.You’llneedsomemoneytosetupyoursharinglibrary.D.Butinruralareas,amobilesharinglibrarycouldwork.E.Wewerealsogettingannoyedaboutwastewewerecreating.F.Speaktootherswhohavedoneitandarewillingtosharetheirknowledge.G.Affordable,convenientandenvironmental-friendly,sharinglibrariesarepoppingup.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了開設(shè)一家共享物品館的步驟和它對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的積極作用。1.G

解析

上文“Instead

of

cluttering

our

homes,garages

and

the

planet,setting

up

a

Library

of

Things

allows

neighbours

to

borrow

and

share

huge,pricey

goods.”提到要建立物品館,可知,空處承接上文,指出物品館出現(xiàn)了,與G項(xiàng)“價(jià)格合理、方便且環(huán)保的共享物品館正在涌現(xiàn)”符合,同時(shí)和下文“But

instead

of

borrowing

books,local

people

are

borrowing

drills,pasta

makers

and

guitars

for

an

affordable

fee.”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,說明雖然共享物品館涌現(xiàn),但是人們沒有去借書而是租借了其他物品。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage42.A

解析

根據(jù)下文“Link

into

local

networks

and

ask

people

to

vote

on

a‘wish

list’of

items

they

could

borrow.”可知,通過鏈接可以讓人們對(duì)于可以借的物品進(jìn)行投票是對(duì)A項(xiàng)“了解當(dāng)?shù)厝耸欠裥枰蚕砦锲佛^”內(nèi)容的承接,指出了解當(dāng)?shù)厝耸欠駥?duì)共享物品館有需求這一問題的具體做法就是通過在網(wǎng)上讓人們投票。3.D

解析

根據(jù)上文“Then

find

space

in

buildings

in

urban

areas

with

high

footfall

such

as

libraries

or

community

hubs.”可知,上文介紹了在城市的哪些地方可以找到空間建立共享物品館,與D項(xiàng)“但在農(nóng)村地區(qū),移動(dòng)共享物品館可以發(fā)揮作用”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,表明在鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)共享物品館的形式和城市中的情況有所不同。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage44.E

解析

根據(jù)上文“We

were

living

in

a

small

house

and

needed

some

tools

to

put

up

shelves.We

didn’t

want

to

own

the

tools

and

hiring

them

was

expensive!”可知,我們不想為搭架子的工具花錢,和E項(xiàng)“我們也對(duì)自己制造的浪費(fèi)感到惱火”都是對(duì)小標(biāo)題“為什么建立物品館”的原因舉例說明。5.B

解析

上文“We’ve

run

very

successful

events”及下文“Borrowers

have

previously

tested

out

new

food

businesses...creating

local

jobs

and

supporting

the

local

community

spaces.”是對(duì)B項(xiàng)“物品館在當(dāng)?shù)鼐哂谐藬?shù)效應(yīng)”中的

multiplier

effect這一概念進(jìn)行了解釋說明,乘數(shù)效應(yīng)是指在公共工程項(xiàng)目之后帶來的消費(fèi)水平和私人投資水平的上升,因?yàn)槲锲佛^舉辦的活動(dòng)使人們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)增加并支持了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐓^(qū)空間。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023廣東潮州二模)MyheartwentouttothedramateacherIreadaboutinarecentnewsitem.EachparentfromherclassinsistedthatshecasttheirownchildasSnowWhite.Thisremindedmeofmyseventhgrademusical—“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer”.IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.

1

Forstarters,Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos,andIcouldn’tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn’thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Iwasassignedthenon-singingroleofMissWatson,themaid.Ihadtowearanuglydress.AndIhadonlyonelinetolearn,“That’swhatIsay.”

2

MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.

Atlast,ourproductionwasputonstage.ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith“That’swhatIsay”.Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.

3

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Thatnight,Ibegantounderstandthatbeingthestarmaynotbeanymorefunthanbeingastand-outinasupportingrole.Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.

4

Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.

AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.

5

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Soitisinlife.B.Itwasnottobe.C.Itwasanythingbutagreatpart.D.MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.E.Ittooktheentirecasttomakeagoodshow.F.Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.G.Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[語篇解讀]本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過小時(shí)候一次戲劇表演中成功扮演了一個(gè)小角色的經(jīng)歷告訴我們生活中每個(gè)孩子都有機(jī)會(huì)取得成功。1.B

解析

根據(jù)空前的“I

desperately

wanted

to

play

the

role

of

Becky,the

female

lead

who

was

Tom’s

girlfriend.”可知,作者非常想扮演貝基這個(gè)角色,但是根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知,因?yàn)樽髡咦陨淼臈l件,她演貝基這個(gè)角色是不可能的。由設(shè)空處上下文內(nèi)容可知,此處應(yīng)是一個(gè)承上啟下的句子,所以B項(xiàng)“It

was

not

to

be.”符合題意。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage42.F

解析

根據(jù)空后的“Miss

Watson

was

onstage

in

quite

a

few

scenes,and

got

to

repeat‘That’s

what

I

say’throughout

the

play.”可知,作者雖然扮演的是個(gè)小角色,但是,作者認(rèn)為對(duì)她來說是好事,因?yàn)樗恍枰f一句臺(tái)詞“那就是我說的”。所以F項(xiàng)“There

was

an

advantage,in

my

opinion,though.”符合題意,空后的句子是對(duì)設(shè)空處句子的解釋。3.D

解析

根據(jù)空前的“Imagine

my

surprise

when

Miss

Watson...her

character

was

important

in

moving

the

plot

along.”可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。所以D項(xiàng)“My

Miss

Watson

turned

out

to

be

a

hit.”符合題意。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage44.A

解析

由空前的“Each

person,onstage

and

backstage,is

essential

in

theater.Without

everyone

doing

their

part,the

play

would

be

dull

as

dirt.”可知,作者認(rèn)為在戲劇中,臺(tái)上和后臺(tái)的每個(gè)人都是必不可少的。而根據(jù)空后的“If

everyone’s

a

star

then

nothing

gets

done.It’s

all

noise

and

chaos.”可知,作者把演戲和生活聯(lián)系在一起,生活中也不可能人人都是明星。所以,設(shè)空處的句子應(yīng)該是一個(gè)承上啟下的句子,故選A項(xiàng)。5.G

解析

由第四段內(nèi)容可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。再由空前的“And

so

I

believe

all

children

should

get

the

opportunity

to

play

Miss

Watson,to

become

someone

they

didn’t

know

they

wanted

to

be.”可知,作者認(rèn)為所有的孩子都應(yīng)該有機(jī)會(huì)扮演沃森小姐,也就是說所有的孩子都有機(jī)會(huì)成功。故選G項(xiàng)。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023山東青島二模)Thebenefitsofwalkingaremany,butdecidinghowmanymilestocoverandhowmuchtimetospendwalkingeachdayisanothermatter.StudieshaveshownthattheaverageAmericantakesbetween3,000and4,000stepsdailydoingeverydaythings—about1.5to2miles.

1

ButtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)advisesmostadultstoaimfor10,000stepsadayorabout5miles.Andtherecommendationcontributestomorepositivehealthoutcomes.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4

2

Youcanmeasureyoureffortsinquantitiesoftimeinstead.“Asawalker,youshouldaimforatleast30minutesperday,oratotalof150minutesperweek,”saysAustin,alicensedpsychotherapist.What’smore,if30minutesofwalkingisunrealisticforyoutodoallatonce,thenbreakingitupintothreeshort,10-minutesessions.

3

Itmayalsobehelpfultohealthtomakewalkingapartofone’sdailyroutine.Peoplecantakethestairsinsteadoftheelevator,parkattheotherendofthelotandwalkafurtherdistancetoastore’sentrancewhenshopping.

4

Thenwalktherestofthewayhome.Alltheseadditionalstepscanbeacquiredcreatively,beyondfixedwalkingtime.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Ontopofsuchphysicalbenefits,walkinghasbeenshowntoimprovesleepandmentalhealthincludingmoodandself-esteem.

5

Therefore,itisfreeandwellacceptedbythemajorityofpeople.Ifoneisreadytoimproveoveralllevelsoffitness,walkingticksalltherightboxes.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Combinewalkingwitheverydayroutine.B.Theywillprovidethesamehealthbenefits.C.Whatifcountingresultsbymilesisn’tyourthing?D.Still,whynotgetoffpublictransportationastopearly?E.Walkingsessionsshouldbecontinuoustobebeneficial.F.Thatamountalonehasbeenshowntolowerone’sdeathrisk.G.Walkingrequiresnospecialequipment,gymmembershiportraining.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日常生活中步行的好處。1.F

解析

根據(jù)空前“Studies

have

shown

that

the

average

American

takes

between

3,000

and

4,000

steps

daily

doing

everyday

things

—

about

1.5

to

2

miles.”可知,這里繼續(xù)介紹每天走3000到4000步的好處——可以降低死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選F項(xiàng)。2.C

解析

根據(jù)空后“You

can

measure

your

efforts

in

quantities

of

time

instead.”可知,如果不喜歡用多少英里計(jì)算步行,也可以用時(shí)間來衡量。所以C項(xiàng)

“What

if

counting

results

by

miles

isn’t

your

thing?”符合上下文語境。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage43.B

解析

根據(jù)空前“What’s

more,if

30

minutes

of

walking

is

unrealistic

for

you

to

do

all

at

once,then

breaking

it

up

into

three

short,10-minute

sessions.”可知,不管是連續(xù)步行30分鐘還是分成三個(gè)10分鐘完成都能達(dá)到同樣的健康好處。所以B項(xiàng)“They

will

provide

the

same

health

benefits.”符合上下文語境。4.D

解析

根據(jù)空后“Then

walk

the

rest

of

the

way

home.”可知,這里介紹日常生活中坐公共汽車可以提前一站下車,走著回家,達(dá)到步行鍛煉的目的。故選D項(xiàng)。5.G

解析

根據(jù)空后“Therefore,it

is

free

and

well

accepted

by

the

majority

of

people.”可知,前后句是因果關(guān)系,說明步行免費(fèi)的原因——不需要特殊的設(shè)備,也不需要會(huì)員資格或訓(xùn)練。故選G項(xiàng)。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023湖南懷化二模)Ifyouwanttomemorizesomethingquicklyandthoroughly,repetitionwon’tcutit.

1

Belowaresomeuniversalstepstomasteringtheartofrecallingsothatyoucanstartmemorizingatonofdatainashortamountoftime.Make

preparations.Paycloseattentiontowhichenvironmentyouchoose.Formostpeople,thismeanschoosinganareawithfewdistractions.Figureoutwhatismostbeneficialtoyourlearningsothatyoucangetstarted.Next,startdrinkingsometea.

2

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Record

what

you’re

memorizing.Thisisespeciallyusefulifyou’retryingtomemorizeinformationfromalecture.Useataperecordertotrackalloftheacquiredfactsbeingspokenandlistentoit.Ifyou’retryingtomemorizeaspeech,recordyourselfreadingthespeechaloudandlistentoyourselfspeaking.

3

Beforeyoustarttryingtorecalleverythingfrommemory,writeandre-writetheinformation.Nowthatyouhaveeverythingwrittendowninonesetofnotes,separatethemintosections.Youcanusecolorcodingtodifferentiatebetweensubjects.Thiswillhelpyoubecomemorefamiliarwithwhatyou’retryingtomemorize.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Apply

repetition

to

accumulated

memorization.

4

Asyoumemorizeeachsetofthetext,accumulateitbyaddingthenewinformationtowhatyou’vejustlearned.Thiswillkeepeverythingwithinyourshort-termmemoryfromfading.Keepdoingthisuntilyouhavememorizedthatsectionandyouareabletorecalltheentirething.Donotmoveontoanothersectionuntilyouhavememorizedthatonecompletely.

Teach

it

to

someone

(or

yourself).ThemosteffectivemethodformewhenIwasinschoolwastoteachtheinformationtosomeoneelse.

5

Ifwhatyou’velearnedneedstoberecitedliterally,thendothisinfrontofsomeoneaswellinordertogetafeelforwhatitwillbeliketorecitethetexttotheintendedaudience.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Take

a

break.Finally,letyourmindbreathe.Goforashorttimewithoutthinkingaboutwhatyoujustlearnedandcomebacktoitlateron.You’llfindoutwhatyoureallyknow,ofcourse,andthiswillhelpyoufocusonthesectionsyoumightbeweakestat.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Recallentiresections.B.However,recallingsomethingwill.C.Writeeverythingdownandsectionyournotes.D.Youcanlecturetheknowledgetosomeonesittingrightinfrontofyou.E.Foreachlineofthetext,repeatitafewtimesandtrytorecallitwithoutlooking.F.Whiledoingunrelatedtasks,goovertheinformationbylisteningtoyourtaperecordings.G.Manyscientificstudieshaveconfirmedgreenteaasanaturalfuelforimprovingmemory.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)記住大量數(shù)據(jù)的方法。1.B

解析

上文“If

you

want

to

memorize

something

quic