選擇性必修第二冊(cè)　Unit 2　Bridging Cultures-2025英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義人教版

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會(huì)意1．tutorn．(英國(guó)大學(xué)中的)助教；導(dǎo)師；家庭教師vt.輔導(dǎo)2．citevt.引用；引述3．messengern．送信人；信使4．editionn．(報(bào)紙、雜志)一份；(廣播、電視節(jié)目)一期、一輯；版次5．cultureshock文化沖擊6．zonen．(有別于周?chē)?地區(qū)；地帶；區(qū)域7．comfortzone舒適區(qū)；舒適范圍8．overwhelmingadj.無(wú)法抗拒的；巨大的；壓倒性的9．homesicknessn．思鄉(xiāng)??；鄉(xiāng)愁10．settingn．環(huán)境；背景；(小說(shuō)等的)情節(jié)背景11．tremendousadj.巨大的；極大的12．matureadj.成熟的13．boomvi.&n．迅速發(fā)展；繁榮14．perspectiven．(思考問(wèn)題的)角度；觀點(diǎn)15．envoyn．使者；使節(jié)；代表16．outlookn．前景；可能性；觀點(diǎn)17．beltn．腰帶；地帶18．initiativen．倡議；新方案Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形1．complexadj.復(fù)雜的；難懂的；(語(yǔ)法)復(fù)合的2．recallvt.&vi.記起；回想起3．presentationn．報(bào)告；陳述；出示；拿出4．firmn．公司；商行；事務(wù)所adj.結(jié)實(shí)的；牢固的；堅(jiān)定的5．insightn．洞察力；眼光6．graspvt.理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)；抓緊7．expensen．費(fèi)用；花費(fèi)；開(kāi)銷(xiāo)8．denyvt.否認(rèn)；否定；拒絕9．gainvt.獲得；贏得；取得；增加n．好處；增加10．a(chǎn)nglen．角；角度；立場(chǎng)11．sincerelyadv.真誠(chéng)地；誠(chéng)實(shí)地12．budgetn．預(yù)算13．outcomen．結(jié)果；效果Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．qualificationn．(通過(guò)考試或?qū)W習(xí)課程取得的)資格；學(xué)歷→qualifyvt.&vi.(使)具備資格；(使)合格→qualifiedadj.有資格的；稱(chēng)職的2．a(chǎn)mbitionn．追求的目標(biāo)；夙愿；野心；抱負(fù)→ambitiousadj.有野心的；有雄心的3．a(chǎn)daptationn．適應(yīng)；改編本→adaptvt.使適應(yīng)；改編vi.適應(yīng)4．comfortn．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸vt.安慰；撫慰→comfortableadj.令人舒適的；舒服的→uncomfortableadj.不舒服的5．participatevi.參加；參與→participationn．參加；參與→participantn．參與者6．engagevi.參加；參與(活動(dòng))vt.吸引(注意力、興趣)；雇用→engagedadj.忙于；從事于；已訂婚的→engagementn．訂婚；約定7．involvevt.包含；需要；涉及；影響；(使)參加→involvedadj.參與的；投入的→involvementn．參與8．motivatedadj.積極的；主動(dòng)的→motivationn．動(dòng)力；積極性；動(dòng)機(jī)→motivatevt.成為……的動(dòng)機(jī)；激發(fā)；激勵(lì)9．a(chǎn)dvisorn．(also-ser)顧問(wèn)→advisevt.&vi.建議；勸告→advicen．建議；忠告10．reasonableadj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonablyadv.明智地；合理地→reasonn．原因；道理vt.&vi.推理，推斷vi.理解→unreasonableadj.不合理的；不公正的11．expectationn．期望；預(yù)期；期待→expectvt.預(yù)料；期望12．a(chǎn)pplicantn．申請(qǐng)人→applyvi.申請(qǐng)vt.應(yīng)用；使用；涂；敷→applicationn．申請(qǐng)(書(shū))；應(yīng)用(程序)13．exposuren．接觸；體驗(yàn)；暴露；揭露→exposevt.使接觸；使體驗(yàn)；顯露；使暴露于(險(xiǎn)境)14．departuren．離開(kāi)；啟程；出發(fā)→departvi.&vt.離開(kāi)；啟程；出發(fā)15．dramaticadj.巨大的；突然的；急劇的；戲劇(般)的→dramaticallyadv.突然地；戲劇地；引人注目地→draman．戲?。粦騽⌒允录?6．behavevt.表現(xiàn)vi.&vt.表現(xiàn)得體；有禮貌→behaviour/behaviorn．行為；舉止17．surroundingsn．[pl.]環(huán)境；周?chē)氖挛铩鷖urroundingadj.周?chē)?；附近的→surroundvt.包圍；圍繞18．depressedadj.沮喪的；意志消沉的→depressvt.使沮喪；使憂愁→depressionn．沮喪；抑郁19．strengthenvi.&vt.加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；鞏固→strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的→strengthn．體力；優(yōu)點(diǎn)20．optimisticadj.樂(lè)觀的→optimismn．樂(lè)觀主義21．competencen．能力；勝任；本領(lǐng)→competentadj.有能力的；稱(chēng)職的22．cooperatevi.合作；協(xié)作；配合→cooperationn．合作；協(xié)作23．logicaladj.合乎邏輯的；合情合理的→logicallyadv.合乎邏輯地→logicn．邏輯(學(xué))；道理1．bully/'b?li/n．恃強(qiáng)凌弱者；橫行霸道者vt.恐嚇；脅迫2．a(chǎn)ttentive/?'tentIv/adj.專(zhuān)心的；留意的；體貼的3．exert/Iɡ'z??t/vt.施加；運(yùn)用4．rebellious/rI'belj?s/adj.叛逆的；反抗的；難對(duì)付的5．impose/Im'p??z/vt.&vi.把……強(qiáng)加于；強(qiáng)制推行6．immense/I'mens/adj.巨大的；無(wú)窮的7．unity/'ju?n?ti/n．團(tuán)結(jié)；聯(lián)合；統(tǒng)一8．universal/?ju?nI'v??sl/adj.全體的；通用的；普遍的9．personnel/?p??s?'nel/n．全體人員；職員；人事部門(mén)10．expertise/?eksp??'ti?z/n．專(zhuān)門(mén)知識(shí)(或技能)；專(zhuān)長(zhǎng)Ⅳ.背核心短語(yǔ)1．participatein參加；參與2．speakup大聲點(diǎn)說(shuō)；明確表態(tài)3．feelathome舒服自在；不拘束4．engagein(使)從事；參與5．getinvolvedin參與；卷入；與……有關(guān)聯(lián)6．costanarmandaleg(使)花一大筆錢(qián)7．sidewith支持；站在……的一邊8．a(chǎn)sfarasIknow據(jù)我所知9．a(chǎn)sfarasIamconcerned就我而言；依我看來(lái)10．insummary總的來(lái)說(shuō)；總之11．generallyspeaking一般來(lái)說(shuō)Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．ItwasthefirsttimethatshehadleftChina.(Itwasthefirsttimethat＋過(guò)去完成時(shí))這是她第一次離開(kāi)中國(guó)。2．IhadtolearnhowtousepublictransportandhowtoaskforthingsIdidn’tknowtheEnglishnamesfor.(疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式)我不得不學(xué)習(xí)如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英語(yǔ)名字的東西。3．Atfirst，XieLeihadnoideawhatsheshouldsay，butwhatsurprisedherwasthatshefoundherselfspeakingupinclassafterjustafewweeks.(what引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句)剛開(kāi)始，謝蕾不知道該說(shuō)什么，但使她驚奇的是，沒(méi)過(guò)幾周，她就能在課堂上大膽發(fā)言了。4．Somemaystruggleandsufferfromcultureshockwhenlearninghowtobehaveinnewsurroundings.(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)在學(xué)習(xí)如何在新環(huán)境中舉止得體時(shí)，有些人可能會(huì)感到吃力，并承受文化沖擊的折磨。5．Tosumup，onecannotdenythefactthatstudyingabroadhasitsdisadvantages，sowhenyouthinkaboutstudyingabroad，youshouldconsiderthesemanyfactors.(onecannotdenythefactthat...不可否認(rèn)的事實(shí)是……)總之，我們無(wú)法否認(rèn)的事實(shí)是：出國(guó)留學(xué)有其弊端。因此當(dāng)你想要到海外求學(xué)時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮上述諸多因素。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共8分)1．tutorn．(英國(guó)大學(xué)中的)助教；導(dǎo)師；家庭教師vt.輔導(dǎo)2．citevt.引用；引述3．boomvi.&n．迅速發(fā)展；繁榮4．perspectiven．(思考問(wèn)題的)角度；觀點(diǎn)5．outlookn．前景；可能性；觀點(diǎn)6．settingn．環(huán)境；背景；(小說(shuō)等的)情節(jié)背景7．tremendousadj.巨大的；極大的8．editionn．(報(bào)紙、雜志)一份；(廣播、電視節(jié)目)一期、一輯；版次Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題1.5分，共12分)1．outcomen．結(jié)果；效果2．recallvt.&vi.記起；回想起3．sincerelyadv.真誠(chéng)地；誠(chéng)實(shí)地4．insightn．洞察力；眼光5．graspvt.理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)；抓緊6．expensen．費(fèi)用；花費(fèi)；開(kāi)銷(xiāo)7．denyvt.否認(rèn)；否定；拒絕8．gainvt.獲得；贏得；取得；增加n．好處；增加Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題1.5分，共18分)1．a(chǎn)daptationn．適應(yīng)；改編本→adaptvt.使適應(yīng)；改編vi.適應(yīng)2．engagevi.參加；參與(活動(dòng))vt.吸引(注意力、興趣)；雇用→engagedadj.忙于；從事于；已訂婚的→engagementn．訂婚；約定3．motivatedadj.積極的；主動(dòng)的→motivationn．動(dòng)力；積極性；動(dòng)機(jī)→motivatevt.成為……的動(dòng)機(jī)；激發(fā)；激勵(lì)4．reasonableadj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonablyadv.明智地；合理地→reasonn．原因；道理vt.&vi.推理，推斷vi.理解→unreasonableadj.不合理的；不公正的5．behavevt.表現(xiàn)vi.&vt.表現(xiàn)得體；有禮貌→behaviour/behaviorn．行為；舉止6．involvevt.包含；需要；涉及；影響；(使)參加→involvedadj.參與的；投入的→involvementn．參與7．departuren．離開(kāi)；啟程；出發(fā)→departvi.&vt.離開(kāi)；啟程；出發(fā)8．dramaticadj.巨大的；突然的；急劇的；戲劇(般)的→dramaticallyadv.突然地；戲劇地；引人注目地→draman．戲?。粦騽⌒允录?．strengthenvi.&vt.加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；鞏固→strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的→strengthn．體力；優(yōu)點(diǎn)10．optimisticadj.樂(lè)觀的→optimismn．樂(lè)觀主義11．competencen．能力；勝任；本領(lǐng)→competentadj.有能力的；稱(chēng)職的12．cooperatevi.合作；協(xié)作；配合→cooperationn．合作；協(xié)作Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．bullyn．恃強(qiáng)凌弱者；橫行霸道者vt.恐嚇；脅迫2．rebelliousadj.叛逆的；反抗的；難對(duì)付的3．imposevt.&vi.把……強(qiáng)加于；強(qiáng)制推行4．personneln．全體人員；職員；人事部門(mén)5．exertvt.施加；運(yùn)用Ⅴ.核心短語(yǔ)(每小題2分，共12分)1．engagein(使)從事；參與2．getinvolvedin參與；卷入；與……有關(guān)聯(lián)3．feelathome舒服自在；不拘束4．a(chǎn)sfarasIknow據(jù)我所知5．a(chǎn)sfarasIamconcerned就我而言；依我看來(lái)6．insummary總的來(lái)說(shuō)；總之Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題1.5分，共15分)1．Alltheapplicantswhowanttoapplyforthejobhavehandedintheirlettersofapplication.(apply)2．Aswasexpected，allofusachievedourgoalsandmetourteachers’expectations.(expect)3．Asanambitiousboss，hisambitionistoopentenbranchesofhiscompanyinChinathisyear.(ambition)4．WhenIwasuncomfortable，hewouldcomfortmegently，whichmademequitecomfortable.(comfort)5．Whatmadehimdepressedalsodepressedmegreatly.Ourdepressionmadeusinabadmood.(depress)6．Surroundedbyfamilyandfriends，IfinditeasytoadapttonewsurroundingsandIoftenappreciatethesurroundingscenerywiththem.(surround)7．Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin，soweshoulddecreasethedirectexposuretosunlight.(expose)8．About200participantsactivelyparticipatedinthemeaningfulafter-classactivitiesandtheparticipationbenefitedthemgreatly.(participate)9．Theschooladvisoroftenadvisesustocommunicatemorewithothersandhisadviceisalwayshelpful.(advise)10．ShehasthequalificationsforteachingEnglishandIthinksheisqualifiedfortheposition.(qualify)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(participatein，speakup，sidewith，costanarmandaleg，generallyspeaking)1．Aftermuchtraining，atpresentIamnotfrightenedofspeakingupinfrontofothers.2．Asweallknow，studyingabroadcostsanarmandalegandmanyfamiliescan’taffordit.3．Regularlyparticipatinginvariousactivitiesfurtherstrengthensmyself-confidenceandincreasesmycommunicationwithothers.4．Generallyspeaking，themorehard-workingyouare，themoreobviousprogressyouwillmake.5．Unexpectedly，hesidedwithmeandwithhissupport，Iwasmoreconfidenttoaccomplishmyambition.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(xiě)(每小題3分，共15分)1．那是我第一次參加交換生項(xiàng)目。那次經(jīng)歷不僅開(kāi)闊了我的眼界，而且增強(qiáng)了我的信心。(Itwasthefirsttimethat...)ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadparticipatedintheexchangestudentprogram，whichnotonlybroadenedmyhorizonsbutalsostrengthenedmyconfidence.2．我們的英語(yǔ)老師經(jīng)常教我們?nèi)绾胃咝У赜泦卧~。(疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式)OurEnglishteacheroftenteachesushowtomemorizewordsmoreefficiently.3．在你朋友家吃飯時(shí)，你最好注意你的行為舉止。(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)Whenhavingdinnerinyourfriend’shome，you’dbettermindyourownbehaviour.4．不可否認(rèn)，我們可以從電視節(jié)目“中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)”中獲益良多。(deny；同位語(yǔ)從句)Onecannotdenythefactthatwecanbenefitalotfromthetelevisionprogramme“ChinesePoetryCompetition”．5．當(dāng)我第一次獨(dú)自旅行時(shí)，我不知道該做什么準(zhǔn)備。(what引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句)ThefirsttimeItookatripalone，IhadnoideawhatpreparationsIshouldmake.IhavestudiedforbusinessqualificationsatPekingUniversityforoneyear.Irecallthatfacedwithcomplexsurroundingsanddramaticchanges，Isufferedfromtremendouspressureandoverwhelminghomesickness,1.whichmademedepressedinthebeginning.Butbeinganambitious，optimisticandmaturestudent，Imanagedtomotivatemyselftostepoutofmycomfortzone.Igraspedeverychancetospeakupandofferlogicalpresentationsinclass,2.enabling(enable)myselftobecomecompetent.IengagedintheLiteratureClubto3.strengthen(strong)myliteraryoutlookonlife.IgotinvolvedintheBasketballAssociationsothatIcouldlearntocooperatewithothers.Iparticipatedinsomeothermeaningfulactivitiesandbenefitedmuchfromthe4.participation(participate)．Thereisnodenyingthatallofthemcouldmakemeseethingsfromdifferentanglesandhavemorereasonableinsightsintodailyaffairs.AsfarasI’mconcerned,5.exposed(expose)tothesurroundingsettings，Igraduallyfeltathome.Justastheoldsayinggoes，“Nopains，nogains.”NowIcanbehave6.perfectly(perfect)atuniversity.Furthermore，becauseIwasonatightbudget，Itookupaposition7.asatutortocovermydailyexpensesandtuitionfees，whichcostanarmandaleg.Nowmyambitionistobecomeanadvisorforexchangestudents8.tobroaden(broaden)myglobalperspectiveandimprovemycompetence.Amongsomanyapplicants，IbelievethatIam9.qualified(qualify)forthejobbecauseIhavefirmdetermination.10.Whatevertheoutcomeis，I’llsincerelysidewiththeschool’sdecision.Insummary，nowIamconfidentinmyexpectationofsettingupmyownfirminthefuture.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯comfortn．舒服；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物vt.安慰；撫慰(comfortableadj.舒適的；舒服的comfortablyadv.舒服地uncomfortableadj.不舒服的)·beacomforttosb對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)安慰incomfort＝comfortably舒適地toone’scomfort令人寬慰的是·comfortsbwithsth用某物安慰某人(1)Myambitionistolivecomfortably(comfort)inthesuburbsofthecityinthefuture.(2)就我個(gè)人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯熱牛奶真是一種安慰。AsfarasIamconcerned，drinkingacupofhotmilkincoldnightsisarealcomfort.(3)看到我對(duì)這一幕感到不舒服，父親站了起來(lái)，走近我，把我抱在懷里，用鼓舞人心的話語(yǔ)溫柔地安慰我。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之場(chǎng)景描寫(xiě))SeeingIwasuncomfortablewiththescene，myfatherrosetohisfeet，approachedmeandgatheredmeintohisarms，gentlycomfortingmewithinspiringwords.engagevi.參加；參與(活動(dòng))vt.吸引(注意力、興趣)；雇用(engagedadj.忙于；從事于；已訂婚的；占線的；使用中的engagementn．訂婚；約定)·engagesbtodosth雇用某人做某事engage(sb)in(使某人)從事；參與·beengagedtosb與某人訂婚beengagedin忙于；從事于(1)MarywillbeengagedtoTom，andtheirengagement(engage)attractsmanypeople’sattention.(2)Accordingtotheinitiative，manyambitiousgraduateswillbeengagedtotutor(tutor)childreninremoteregions.(3)盡管你忙于你的學(xué)習(xí)，你也應(yīng)該抽出一些時(shí)間來(lái)參加戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)。Although(youare)engagedinyourstudy，youshouldsetasidesometimetoengage(yourself)inoutdooractivities.(4)上周舉辦了一場(chǎng)旨在增強(qiáng)我們的傳統(tǒng)文化意識(shí)的活動(dòng)，這引起了很多關(guān)注。Anactivityaimedatstrengtheningoursenseoftraditionalculturewasheldlastweek，whichengagedalotofattention.involvevt.包含；需要；涉及；影響；(使)參加(involvedadj.參與的；投入的involvementn．參與；投入)·involve(doing)sth包含；需要(做)某事involveoneselfinsth參加……·be/getinvolvedin參與；卷入；與……有關(guān)聯(lián)；專(zhuān)注于(1)AsfarasIknow，theinvolvement(involve)oftheforeignministerswasitselfasignofprogress.(2)Lastweekend，Iparticipatedinavoluntaryactivitywhichinvolvedcaring(care)foroldpeopleinanurseryhome.(3)得知你們歡迎來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的學(xué)生，我想?yún)⒓舆@次夏令營(yíng)。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之申請(qǐng)信)Learningthatyouwelcomestudentsfromdifferentcountries，I’dliketoinvolvemyselfin/beinvolvedinthesummercamp.expectationn．預(yù)料，預(yù)期；期望；盼望(expectvt.期待，期望；預(yù)料，預(yù)期expectedadj.預(yù)期的，預(yù)料的unexpectedadj.出乎意料的；意外的unexpectedlyadv.出乎意料地)·liveupto/meetone’sexpectations不負(fù)某人所望beyond/outofone’sexpectations出乎某人的意料·expect(sb)todosth預(yù)計(jì)/期望(某人)做某事asexpected正如所料；不出所料(1)Inspiteofanunexpected(expect)fallduringtherace，hejumpedtohisfeetanddashedtowardsthefinishline.(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))(2)我們渴望這次與您合作的寶貴機(jī)會(huì)，我們相信我們能夠達(dá)到您的期望。Weareeagerforthepreciousopportunitytocooperatewithyouandweareconfidentthatwecanliveupto/meetyourexpectations.(3)本周六美術(shù)館將舉辦一場(chǎng)中國(guó)剪紙展，預(yù)計(jì)將從早上8點(diǎn)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)約4個(gè)小時(shí)。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之通知)TherewillbeaChinesepaper-cuttingshowthisSaturdayintheartgallery，whichisexpectedtolastaboutfourhoursfrom8：00am.exposevt.使接觸；使體驗(yàn)；顯露；使暴露于(險(xiǎn)境)(exposuren．接觸；體驗(yàn)；暴露；揭露)expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……體驗(yàn)……beexposedto暴露于；接觸(1)Generallyspeaking，thereisadirectlinkbetweenthesunexposure(expose)andskincancer，sotrytoavoidexposingyourskintothesun.(2)我從小就接觸外教，因此，我能夠用英語(yǔ)和其他人自由交流。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之申請(qǐng)信)①I(mǎi)havebeenexposedtoforeignteacherssinceayoungage，soIcancommunicatefreelywithothersinEnglish.②Havingbeenexposedtoforeignteacherssinceayoungage，IcancommunicatefreelywithothersinEnglish.(用havingdone作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))Itwasthefirsttimethat...ItwasthefirsttimethatshehadleftChina.這是她第一次離開(kāi)中國(guó)?！ぁ癐t/This/That＋was＋thefirst/second/...time(that)＋過(guò)去完成時(shí)”表示“某人第一/第二/……次……”·“It/This/That＋is＋thefirst/second/...time(that)＋現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”表示“某人第一/第二/……次……”·Itis/was(about/high)timethat...shoulddosth/didsth意為“到了……做某事的時(shí)間了”，should不能省略。本句型相當(dāng)于Itis/was(about/high)timeforsbtodosth。·“Therewasatimewhen...＋過(guò)去完成時(shí)”表示“曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間……”(1)Itisthefirsttimethathehasleft(leave)home，whichmayaccountforhisdeephomesickness.(2)這是雙胞胎第一次為母親準(zhǔn)備早餐，因此他們既激動(dòng)又緊張。(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))Thiswasthefirsttimethatthetwinshadpreparedabreakfastfortheirmother，sotheywereexcitedandnervous.(3)到了政府應(yīng)該采取有效措施保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物免于滅絕的時(shí)候了。Itishightimeforthegovernmenttotakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectwildlifefromextinction./Itishightimethatthegovernmentshouldtake/tookeffectivemeasurestoprotectwildlifefromextinction.(4)我還記得有一段時(shí)間，我對(duì)與大自然有關(guān)的一切都很著迷。IstillremembertherewasatimewhenIwascrazyabouteverythingwithnature.疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式IhadtolearnhowtousepublictransportandhowtoaskforthingsIdidn’tknowtheEnglishnamesfor.我不得不學(xué)習(xí)如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英語(yǔ)名字的東西?！ぁ耙蓡?wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等句子成分?！ぴ凇耙蓡?wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式必須用主動(dòng)式而不能用被動(dòng)式?！hy或whynot后加不定式時(shí)，省略不定式符號(hào)to?！hether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。(1)由于他們流露出極強(qiáng)的興趣，我開(kāi)始教他們?nèi)绾闻葜袊?guó)茶。Withtheirinterestgreatlysparked，IbegantoteachthemhowtomakeChinesetea.(2)如果你能給我們一些如何改進(jìn)機(jī)器人的建議，我會(huì)感激不盡的。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之征求建議)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveussomeadviceonhowtoimproveourrobots.(3)大衛(wèi)閉著眼睛，咬著嘴唇，皺著眉頭，考慮著他是否應(yīng)該參加越野賽。(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))Davidsqueezedhiseyes，bithislipsandfrowned，thinkingaboutwhethertotakepartin/participatein/engageinthecross-countryrunornot.(4)為何不參加討論小組，以便你能找到志同道合的朋友呢？(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之建議信)Whynotjoindiscussiongroupssothatyoucanfindfriendswithsimilarinterests?狀語(yǔ)從句的省略Somemaystruggleandsufferfromcultureshockwhenlearninghowtobehaveinnewsurroundings.在學(xué)習(xí)如何在新環(huán)境中舉止得體時(shí)，有些人可能會(huì)感到吃力，并承受文化沖擊的折磨。狀語(yǔ)從句的省略有兩種形式：·當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞一起省略。·當(dāng)從句中含有“it＋be動(dòng)詞”時(shí)，可將it和be動(dòng)詞省略。(1)Whilestudying(study)abroadasanexchangestudent，Iexperiencedoverwhelmingcultureshock.(2)如果可能的話，我們要把我們一直渴望的旅行推遲到下星期六嗎？如果不方便，請(qǐng)告訴我什么時(shí)間最適合你。If(it’s)possible，shallweputoffourtripwehavebeenlongingforuntilnextSaturday?If(it’s)notconvenient，letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.(3)如果(我)被錄用，我將致力于為我們公司的發(fā)展做出貢獻(xiàn)。If(Iam)accepted，Iwilldevotemyselftomakingcontributionstothedevelopmentofourfirm.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．firmeq\x(A.adj.堅(jiān)硬的B.adj.穩(wěn)固的C.adj.堅(jiān)定的D.adj.嚴(yán)格的E.n.公司)(1)Thedownturnhittherealestate(房地產(chǎn))firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.(2022·浙江1月)E(2)In1934，withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act)，anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(遷徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)C(3)Makesuretheladderfeelsfirmbeforeyouclimbup.B(4)Thecitywallsareasfirmasarock.A(5)Expertsholdthestrongbeliefthatparentsmustbefirmwiththeirchildren.D2．dramaticeq\x(A.巨大的，急劇的B.戲劇學(xué)的C.激動(dòng)人心的D.夸張做作的)(1)Shethendecidedrightbeforetheopeningtomakeadramaticannouncement.C(2)Heflungouthisarmsinadramaticgestureandrushedatmewithafakesmile.D(3)Buthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.(2021·浙江6月)B(4)Habitatloss，pesticideuse，andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclinesinpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades，whichhasdamagedtheU．S.agriculturaleconomy.(2023·浙江1月)A3．gaineq\x(A.v.獲得，得到B.n.增加C.v.產(chǎn)生D.v.鐘表走得快E.n.好處，改進(jìn))(1)Oh，mygoodness！Mywatchgains20minutesevery24hours.D(2)Thesepolicieshaveresultedingreatgainsinpublichealth.E(3)Itisfoundthatpeoplewhofrequentculturalplacesorparticipateinartisticeventsaremorelikelytogaingoodhealthcomparedtothosewhodonot.(2021·天津6月)A(4)Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(體重指數(shù))across200countries，thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavierandthatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.(2021·浙江1月)B(5)Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation(突變)thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ)C4．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的漢語(yǔ)意思(1)Thenorthernpartofthecountryisusuallyregardedasthewheatbelt.地帶，地區(qū)(2)Initially，wedidn’tfullygrasptheimportanceofwhathadhappened.理解(3)LocatedinMoscow，theKremlinisasymbolofRussiaandoneoftheworld’slargestcomplexes.建筑群(4)Ithasbeenprovedthatpeoplehaveabias(偏向)towardsthepresent，focusingonloudattractionsinthemomentattheexpenseofthehealth，well-beingandfinancialstabilityoftheirfutureselvesorcommunity.(2023·北京)代價(jià)Ⅱ.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)1.Giftedandambitious(ambition)，shebecametheleadershipofthecross-countryleadership.2．IreallywanttoobtainthispreciousopportunityandIholdthefirmbeliefthatIcanliveuptoyourexpectations(expect)．(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之求職信)3．Iamwritingtoaskforyoursubstantialassistancewithmyapplication(apply)andresume.(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之求助信)4．Ifeelgreatlyhonouredtogiveapresentation(present)abouttheMid-AutumnFestival，oneofthemostimportantChinesetraditionalfestivals.(話題寫(xiě)作之傳統(tǒng)文化)5．Thereisnodenying(deny)thatweshouldshiftourunhealthylivinghabitssuchasgoingtobedlateandnottakingregularexercise.(話題寫(xiě)作之健康)6．Asanoldsayinggoes，“Nopains，nogains(gain)．”Soweshouldalwayslinkourstudytohardwork.7．Beingexposed(expose)toforeignsurroundingsstrengthensthemechanic’sgeneralcompetenceandhisabilitytocooperatewithothers.8．Theassistantwalkedtomewithgreatdepression(depress)，withthelightinhereyesdarkened.(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之沮喪心理描寫(xiě))9.Thankstothemeasurestakenbythegovernment，thenumberofpeopleoutofemploymentdecreasesdramatically(dramatic)．10.Thankstoyourreasonablewords，Iwasmotivated(motivate)tosticktomydream.假定你是李華，你校交換生Steve將要參加學(xué)校舉辦的“StudyinginChina”留學(xué)生漢語(yǔ)演講比賽，他發(fā)來(lái)郵件征求你的建議。請(qǐng)給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.推薦一個(gè)話題；2.說(shuō)明推薦的理由；3.給他的建議。完成句子1．得知你將參加“留學(xué)中國(guó)”演講比賽，我很高興給你一些建議。(participatein)2．既然這是你第一次用中文發(fā)表演講，你最好選擇一些相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的話題。(Itisthefirsttimethat...)3．在我看來(lái)，沒(méi)有什么話題比“學(xué)漢字”更合適了。(asfarasI’mconcerned)4．不可否認(rèn)，漢字對(duì)中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大，因?yàn)樗鼈兪侵袊?guó)幾千年歷史的載體，展示了古代中國(guó)人民的智慧。(deny；同位語(yǔ))5．至于其他方面，你不僅要盡可能使你的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白吸引人，還要記得在演講時(shí)與你的觀眾進(jìn)行眼神交流。(notonly...butalso...；狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和過(guò)渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文DearSteve，Knowingthatyou’llparticipateinthe“StudyinginChina”SpeechContest，I’mdelightedtogiveyousomesuggestions.SinceitisthefirsttimethatyouhavedeliveredaspeechinChinese，you’dbetterchoosesomerelativelysimpletopics.AsfarasI’mconcerned，notopicismoresuitablethan“LearningChineseCharacters”．ThereisnodenyingthatChinesecharactersareofgreatsignificancetoChinese，sincetheyserveasacarrierofChina’sthousandsofyearsofhistoryandshowthewisdomofancientChinesepeople.Asforothertips，notonlyshouldyoumakeyouropeningasimpressiveaspossible，butalsoremembertomakeeyecontactwithyouraudiencewhengivingyourspeech.Goodluck!Yours，LiHua教材語(yǔ)料整合亮詞[情感描寫(xiě)]ambitious；feelathome；overwhelming；motivated；homesickness；depressed；expectation；optimistic；sincerely[動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)]recall；comfort；participatein；speakup；engagein；getinvolvedin；motivate；expose；grasp；behave；strengthen；deny；cooperate；sidewith；gain美句1.Sixmonthsago,19-year-oldXieLeisaidgoodbyetoherfamilyandfriendsandboardedaplaneforLondon.(動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))2.Iwasveryexcitedbutalsoquitenervous.(情感描寫(xiě))3.XieLeiwasconfusedbecauseshethoughtsheknewlessthanotherpeople.(情感描寫(xiě))4.Nowhalfwaythroughherexchangeyear，XieLeifeelsmuchmoreathomeintheUK.(情感描寫(xiě))5.Britishpeoplearefascinatedbyourcultureandeagertolearnmoreaboutit，soI’mkeentosharemyculturewiththem.(情感描寫(xiě))6.Therearenogreatdifficultiesforapersonwhoisbrave，optimistic，andwillingtoworkhard！(主旨升華)7.Chinesestudentscanbeseenasculturalenvoyspromotingfriendshipbetweennations.(比喻)8.Allinall，studyingabroadhelpstobuildcharacterandincreasepeople’sunderstandingofculturaldiversitywhilestrengtheningChinaandbuildingasharedfutureforall.(主旨升華)拓展語(yǔ)料積累情感細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)：傷心、沮喪、孤獨(dú)單詞heartbrokenadj.心碎的；upsetadj.沮喪的n．沮喪；miserableadj.悲慘的；痛苦的；griefn．悲傷；悲痛；lonelyadj.孤獨(dú)的→lonelinessn．孤獨(dú)；painfuladj.痛苦的→painn．痛苦；sorrown．悲傷→sorrowfuladj.悲傷的；frustratedadj.沮喪的→frustrationn．沮喪詞塊withaheavy/sinkingheart心情沉重；with/fullofsadness滿是悲傷；cryone’seyesout痛哭；bedown/lowinspirits情緒低落；cryone’sheartout悲痛；sadnesssurgeswithinsb某人心中涌起悲傷；feelasurgeofsadness感到一陣悲傷；bethrownintoaworldofdarkness被扔進(jìn)黑暗的世界；sinkintoloneliness陷入孤獨(dú)；drownone’ssadnessinwine借酒澆愁句型1.Sadnesssurgingwithinher，sheburstintotearsbitterly.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))她心中涌起悲傷，突然痛哭起來(lái)。2.Shewalkedtomewithgreatsorrow，thelightinhereyesdarkening，andsaidwithsadness，“Ifailedagain.”她極度悲傷地向我走來(lái)，眼光黯淡，悲傷地說(shuō)：“我又失敗了?！?.Hisheartsankwhenheheardthenews.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他的心一沉。4.Sodesperatewasheatthenewsthathedrownedsadnessinwinethewholeday.(倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他絕望得一整天都在借酒消愁。5.IfeltlikeIwasfloatinginanoceanofsadness.(比喻)我覺(jué)得自己在悲傷的海洋里沉沉浮浮。6.Asaresultoftheaccident，shewasthrownintoaworldofdarknessandbathedintearsalldays.出事后，她被拋入了一個(gè)黑暗的世界，終日以淚洗面。語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用孤身求學(xué)①Exposedtothecompletelyunfamiliarsurroundings(分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))，I②wasoverwhelmedbyasenseofloneliness.SodepressedwasIthat③IfeltasifIwerethrownintoaworldofdarkness.Therewasatime④whenIwasbathedintearseveryday.Luckily，thewarm-heartedclassmates⑤sincerelymotivatedmetograspeverychancetoparticipateingroupactivities，fromwhichIgainedalot.Gradually⑥notonlydidIfeelathome(倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))butalsoIstrengthenedmyconfidence.⑦Withmyclassmatessidingwithmeandcomfortingme(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))，Ibecameincreasinglyoptimistic.Asmileofhappinessappearedonmyface.暴露在完全陌生的環(huán)境中，我被一種孤獨(dú)感淹沒(méi)了。我如此沮喪，以至于我覺(jué)得自己好像被扔進(jìn)了一個(gè)黑暗的世界。曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，我每天都以淚洗面。幸運(yùn)的是，熱心的同學(xué)們真誠(chéng)地激勵(lì)我抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)參加集體活動(dòng)，從中我收獲了很多。漸漸地，我不僅感到輕松自在，而且增強(qiáng)了信心。有了同學(xué)們支持和安慰我，我變得越來(lái)越樂(lè)觀。我臉上露出了幸福的微笑。高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A★(2024·河南部分名校聯(lián)考)Aftertalkingaboutitforyears，IfinallygottovisitPugliain2021.Notforaweekortwobutanentiremonth.IamgladthatImarriedahalf-Italian.Alittlebackground，myhusband’sfather’sfamilyisfromSalentoinPugliaandtheyevenhaveaplacetostaythereonthebeach.IhaveheardaboutthisplaceeversinceIgotmarried.Iendedupvisitingitsixyearsafterbeingmarried.Honestly，itwasn’tmyfirsttimeinItaly.IwasintheTrentinoregionbeforebutmostoftheItalianstoldmethat“therealItalyonlystartsfromthesouthofRome”．Anyway，Iwasallsettohaveavery“average”experienceinthesouthofItalyineverysensebutIwasinforasurprise.That’sbecauseIhavevisitedalotofamazingbeachesandislands.Moreover，IhavealsovisitedcountriesthatareknownfortheiramazingfoodandIthoughtI’dfindItalianfoodvery“plainandbasic”，butIwaswrong.Ididn’texpecttoloveitsomuch.Ifthere’sonecountrythat’ssoculturallypowerfulthateveryonehastoexperienceitatleastonce，ithasgottobeItaly.Intermsofculture，family，food，art，architectureandmusic—theyallplayanimportantpartindividuallyandwholly.Italianstakeprideintheirculture.Itishardtodescribehowitistoexperienceanewculture.IcomefromacountrywherecultureplaysaveryvisiblepartandIfeltsomethingsimilarinItaly.EvenifyouarriveinItalywithaclosedmind，overtimethecountrywillwinyouoverbecauseyoucan’thelpbutfallinlovewithit.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了作者在游覽意大利之后的感受。)1．WhydoestheauthoralwayswanttovisitPuglia?A．It’swhereshewasborn.B．It’safamoustouristsite.C．SheisinterestedinRomanculture.D．Shehasheardofitforlong.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Aftertalkingaboutitforyears，IfinallygottovisitPugliain2021.”和第二段中“IhaveheardaboutthisplaceeversinceIgotmarried.Iendedupvisitingitsixyearsafterbeingmarried.”可推知，作者一直想去Puglia的原因是她很久之前就聽(tīng)說(shuō)了這個(gè)地方。故選D。2．HowdidtheauthorfeelaftervisitingthesouthofItaly?A．Curious. B．Proud.C．Amazed. D．Disappointed.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Anyway，Iwasallsettohaveavery‘a(chǎn)verage’experienceinthesouthofItalyineverysensebutIwasinforasurprise.”和“Ididn’texpecttoloveitsomuch.”可知，作者在游覽了意大利南部后，感到很驚喜，故選C。3．WhatimpressedtheauthormostaboutItaly?A．Itsculture.B．Itsarchitecture.C．Itsscenery.D．Itsgeographicallocation.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Ifthere’sonecountrythat’ssoculturallypowerfulthateveryonehastoexperienceitatleastonce，ithasgottobeItaly.”可知，給作者印象最深的是意大利的文化，故選A。4．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Atraveldiary.B．Asciencereport.C．Ageographytextbook.D．Anadvertisingbrochure.答案A解析文章出處題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了作者在游覽意大利之后的感受，由此可推知，文章可能選自一本旅行日記。故選A。BAtahotel，surroundedbyteammates，hegottheemail.“DearSpencerHeslop，”itread，“youhavebeeninvitedtoparticipateintheSelectionCampfortheUSMen’sNationalTeamfor2022.”TherecentgraduatefromUniversityofMichiganSchoolofPublicHealthdreamedoftheopportunitytoplayfortheUnitedStatessincehewassevenyearsold.Afterhedevelopedadiseasethatoftenresultsindamagetothespinalcord(脊髓)andnerves，Heslop’sparentspushedhimtotrywheelchairbasketball.Byhighschool，Heslopplayedwheelchairbasketballonacompetitivebasketballteam.Theexperienceopenedhiseyestotheworldofadaptivesports，whichbecamehisfavorite.Whilehewasneverthebiggestorstrongestplayer，Heslophadafeelforthegameandadesiretotakeitfurther.Facedwithmanychallenges，heworkedtirelesslytodevelopchairskillsandconditioningthatmadehimmoreexplosive.“AsIappliedtograduateschool，IknewIwouldplaywhereverIwasplanningtogo，”Heslopsaid.“UniversityofMichiganwasnearthetopof