Unit4FriendsForever定語從句課件高中英語

輕松一刻：武俠小說中人名的絕妙翻譯

Letmego.Letmetouchtouch.Don’tworryLee.Toasksky.Lookcrazy.Noteethson.Dr.Huang.Makethefoxrush.李莫愁任我行無崖子喬峰令狐沖黃藥師向天問容嬤嬤語法學(xué)習(xí)——定語從句一、句法概述二、復(fù)習(xí)定語從句的基本用法三、考點(diǎn)追蹤復(fù)合句：由一個(gè)主句或幾個(gè)從句構(gòu)成的句子。從句只用作句子的一個(gè)成份，不能獨(dú)立。根據(jù)從句在句中的作用，可分為名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句三類。一.英語句子從結(jié)構(gòu)上看有三種類型：

1.簡(jiǎn)單句（SimpleSentence)2.并列句（CompoundSentence)3.復(fù)合句（ComplexSentence)

定語：用于修飾名詞或代詞Pleaseshowme

anotherticket.AustraliaisanEnglish-speaking

country.Atravellerisaperson(who\thattravels.)Aclockisamachine(thattellspeopletime.)作一個(gè)句子成份，由一個(gè)句子來充當(dāng)某個(gè)成份

從句：.定語從句：

由一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)定語從句的位置：在名詞或代詞后先行詞：引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞

引導(dǎo)詞的作用：(1)引導(dǎo)定語從句

(2)在從句中作一成份

(3)代替先行詞在從句中的位置被定語從句修飾的詞Ex.Thebookwhichyoulenttomeisveryinteresting.2.Tomisthestudentwhosehandwritingisthebestinourclass.3.IsthemanwhotalkedtoyoujustnowMrWang4.Iliveintheroomthedoorofwhichiswhite.5.I`llneverforgetthedayswhichIspentinthecountry.6.IwillneverthedayswhenIstudiedwithyou.二、用法

1、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1）who(主格),whom（賓格）,that這些詞代替的先行詞是人，在從句中作主語(who/that)和賓語(whom/that)。Heistheman(whom/that

Isawyesterday.)Doyouknowtheman(who/thatisstandingoverthere)說明：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略?？键c(diǎn)：有些場(chǎng)合是只能用who不能用that的?？梢允÷?）whose先行詞為人或物，指“先行詞”的…，作定語。XiaoMing(whosefatherisanengineer)isthebeststudentinourclass.“小明”的Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,which,whoseorthat.Aclockisamachine_________tellspeoplethetime.Anurseisaperson__________looksafterpeoplewhoareill.Thehouse_________heislookingforisveryexpensive.Heistheperson_________Imetintheparkyesterday.Sheistheengineer________workisconsideredtobethebesthere.Ihavelostthewatch_________myfathergavetometwoyearsago.Thisistheperson_______storysurprisedeverybody.Theperson_______designwerethebestwasMr.King.which/thatwhosewhosewhosewho/thatwhom/thatwhich/thatwhich/that3）which,that所代替的先行詞是事物，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。Thisisthefactory(which/thatwevisitedlastyear.)可以省略說明：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略?？键c(diǎn)：有些場(chǎng)合是只能用that不能用which的,在非限制性定語從句中是只能用which的。

2、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因的名詞，在從句中作狀語。1）關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例如：考點(diǎn)：1.介詞+關(guān)系代詞的定語從句。

2.關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。

a)我仍然記得我參軍的那一天。（）①Istillremembertheday.②OnthatdayIjoinedthearmy.Istillremembertheday(

whenIjoinedthearmy.)或Istillremembertheday(onwhich

Ijoinedthearmy.)

b)這就是我們?nèi)ツ曜〉姆课?。（）①Thisisthehouse.②Welivedinitlastyear.Thisisthehouse(wherewelivedlastyear.)

或Thisisthehouse(inwhichwelivedlastyear.)

c)你知道他遲到的原因嗎？（）①Doyouknowthereason②Hewaslateforthatreason.Doyouknowthereason(whyhewaslate)或Doyouknowthereason(forwhichhewaslate)思考：當(dāng)先行詞是指時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因時(shí)，是不是一定用when,where,why來引導(dǎo)定語從句呢？例如：a)vi.①Thisistheplace(_______wevisitedlastyear.)②Thisistheplace(_______weworkedlastyear.)vt.which/thatwhere總結(jié)：2）當(dāng)先行詞是指時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因時(shí)，并非一定用when,where,why來引導(dǎo)定語從句。得看先行詞在定語從句作的成分來判斷。

如作狀語（動(dòng)詞為vi）,則用when,where,why;如作主語、賓語（動(dòng)詞為vt）,則用that/which.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞如何區(qū)別？1.Thereason_______hemissedthespeechwasthatheforgotthetime.2.Thereason____________hegaveussoundedreasonable.3.I’llneverforgettheday____________wespenttogetherinParis.4.I’llremembertheday________westayedtogetheratthattime.5.Thisisthefactory____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehouse_________Lincolnoncelived.Remember:引導(dǎo)詞用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞關(guān)鍵要看他們?cè)趶木渲凶魇裁闯煞荻??；蛘哒f，假如把先行詞放到從句中是作主語、賓語還是狀語而定。whythat\whichthat\whichwhenthat\whichwhere7.(1)Hestilllivesintheroom________windowfacestothesouth.(2)Hestilllivesintheroom_________isinthenorthofthecity.whosewhich8.(1)Iwillneverforgetthedays________westudiedtogether.(2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_________wespenttogether.whenthat

9.(1)Thereason________hedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.(2)Thereason_________heexplainedisnottrue.whythat10.(1)Wewillmeetatthesameplace________wemetlastmonth.(2)Wewillmeetatthesameplace________wevisitedlastmonth.wherethat“三步法”玩轉(zhuǎn)定語從句第一步：找出先行詞第二步：還原先行詞

(還原到后面的定語從句中，并分析其所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?第三步：選擇先行詞先行詞是人，作主語用who/that，作賓語用whom/that，作定語用whose.先行詞是物，作主語、賓語都用that/which,作定語用whose.先行詞是物(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因)，作狀語用when\where\why,作主語、賓語都用that/which.一、

who,that

（先行詞為人）有區(qū)別嗎？1.用who不用that的情況：

(1)當(dāng)先行詞為one,ones,anyone,those時(shí)。

(2)當(dāng)先行詞為人稱代詞時(shí)。Hewho

doesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.Thosewhohaveanydifficultywithpronunciationshouldpractisemore.注:

當(dāng)先行詞既是人又是物。用that不用whoHetalkedalotaboutthethingsandpersonsthathehadrememberedthere.三、考點(diǎn)透析：二、which,that

(先行詞為物）有區(qū)別嗎？1.只用that不用which的情況：

（1）先行詞為much,little,few,nothing,none,anything,no,all等不定代詞

（2）先行詞既是人又是物。

（3）先行詞為形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞。（4）先行詞被thevery,theonly,thelast,any,every,who等修飾時(shí)。Allthat

canbedonehasbeendone.Hespokeofthethings

and

personsthat

hehadseenabroad.Thisistheverybook

thatIamlookingfor.Thisisoneofthebestfilms

thatIhaveeverseen.注:非限制性定語從句只用which不用that.四、非限性定語從句三、關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別1.形式——有逗號(hào)2.引導(dǎo)詞——不能用that(可以用which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why)3.關(guān)系詞的省略——都不能省五、介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which/whom）先行詞為人,關(guān)系代詞用whom;先行詞為物,關(guān)系代詞用which.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞可轉(zhuǎn)換：where,when,why=介詞+which1.Thisisthereason____________helefthishometown.(=why)2.I’llneverforgettheday___________westayed

together.(=when)3.Thisisthegirl_____________Ilearnedthenews.4.Theperson___________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.5.I’llshowyouastore__________youmaybuyallthatyouneed.(=where)6.Idon’tliketheway_________youlaughedather.(=that;\)forwhichonwhichfromwhom

towhominwhichinwhich難點(diǎn)解析：關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：1.介詞+whom\whichThewomangeneralstillrememberthedayonwhichshejoinedthearmy.2.介詞短語+which\whomThefishermanlivedinasmallhouseinfrontofwhichliesawell.

3.不定代詞或數(shù)詞（1/3、30%）+which\whomTherearemanybookshere,noneofwhichbelongstome.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,oneofwhomisLuxun.4.名詞+ofwhichShementionedamagazine,thetitleofwhich