天津市北辰區(qū)2025屆高三英語(yǔ)模擬考試三模試題含解析

PAGEPAGE29天津市北辰區(qū)2025屆高三英語(yǔ)模擬考試（三模）試題（含解析）本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試用時(shí)100分鐘，第Ⅰ卷1頁(yè)至10頁(yè)，第Ⅱ卷11頁(yè)至12頁(yè)。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時(shí)，考生務(wù)必將答案涂寫(xiě)在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。第Ⅰ卷留意事項(xiàng)：1.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。2.本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例：Standoverthereyou’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.—Youmustn’ttell________aboutthematter.It’sasecretbetweenyouandme.—OK.Ipromiseyou.A.anyoneelse B.nooneelse C.nobodyelse D.someoneelse.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查復(fù)合不定代詞的用法。句意：這件事你禁止告知任何人。這是你我之間的隱私。好，我答應(yīng)你。else用作形容詞常做后置定語(yǔ)，即放在疑問(wèn)代詞who,what,which等后面，或者放在something,anything,nothing,anyone,everyone等復(fù)合不定代詞的后面。依據(jù)題意可知，該句為否定句，故選擇anyoneelse譯為“任何人”。故選A項(xiàng)。2.Asearchgroupwasorganizedtolookfortheuniversitystudents_______inthemountain.A.trapping B.havingtrapped C.totrapped D.trapped【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一個(gè)調(diào)查隊(duì)被組織起來(lái)去找尋困在大山里的高校生。betrappedin意為“陷入……”，trap和students構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且是已完成的動(dòng)作，所以用過(guò)去分詞形式作定語(yǔ)，故選D。3.AfricanAmericans________about13%ofthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.A.accountfor B.getacross C.engagein D.contributeto【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義辨析。句意：非裔美國(guó)人約占美國(guó)人口的13%。A.accountfor（比例）占；B.getacross通過(guò)；C.engagein從事于；D.contributeto有助于。依據(jù)“about13%ofthepopulationof”約占人口的13%，可知，此處表示非裔美國(guó)人占美國(guó)人口的比例。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義辨析，要求學(xué)生駕馭大綱內(nèi)每個(gè)短語(yǔ)的意義及用法。在本類型題的解題過(guò)程中須要明確句子的或許意思，才能明確的推斷出用來(lái)形容某人或者某事物的詞語(yǔ)。當(dāng)然明確辨析出各個(gè)短語(yǔ)的含義也是很重要的。4.Therichmanoftenprovidesthelocalpoorpeoplewithfreefoodandmoney,sotheyareverythankfulforhis________.A.adventure B.generosity C.passion D.personally【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那個(gè)富人常常給當(dāng)?shù)氐母F人免費(fèi)供應(yīng)食物和錢，所以他們特別感謝他的慷慨。A.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；B.generosity慷慨，大方；C.passion激情，熱忱D.personally親自地，當(dāng)面。依據(jù)Therichmanoftenprovidesthelocalpoorpeoplewithfreefoodandmoney可知此處表示感謝富人的慷慨行為。故選B項(xiàng)。5.Thelawrequiresthateveryoneshouldbeequal________race,religionorsex.A.insearchfor B.insupportof C.onbehalfof D.regardlessof【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：不管你屬于哪一人種，信仰哪種宗教，是哪種性別的人，法律面前人人同等。A.insearchfor找尋，尋求；B.insupportof支持，擁護(hù)；C.onbehalfof代表；D.regardlessof不管，不顧。依據(jù)句意，法律面前人人同等，是不管人種、宗教、性別這些因素的，不會(huì)區(qū)分對(duì)待，故選D。6.________inthetrafficjam,Iusuallysetoutat7:00inthemorningfromhomebycar.A.Toavoidtobecaught B.Toavoidbeingcaught.C.Avoidingbeingcaught D.Avoidingtobecaught【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了避開(kāi)遭遇交通堵塞，我通常早晨7點(diǎn)開(kāi)車從家動(dòng)身。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處應(yīng)用不定式短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)目的狀語(yǔ)，固定短語(yǔ)avoiddoingsth.“避開(kāi)做某事”，主語(yǔ)I與catch構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。7.________,wehadplannedatourofEnglandbutwedidn’tgointheend.A.Slightly B.Originally C.incredibly D.Conveniently【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查副詞的詞義辨析。句意：起初，我們支配去英國(guó)旅行，但最終沒(méi)有去。A.Slightly稍微地；B.Originally起初；C.incredibly難以置信地；D.Conveniently便利地。依據(jù)“intheend”以及表轉(zhuǎn)折的連接詞“but”可知，最初支配去旅行，但是最終沒(méi)有去。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題考查副詞詞義辨析，須要考生相識(shí)所給的四個(gè)副詞，之后才能結(jié)合句意選出正確答案。四個(gè)詞的意思是“稍微地”、“起初”、“難以置信地”和“便利地”，依據(jù)“intheend”以及表轉(zhuǎn)折的連接詞“but”，可以推斷空白處指的是“起初”。故選B項(xiàng)。8.Asstudents,wemust________onourstudiesandworkhardinsteadoffoolingaround.Ainvestigate B.memories C.approach D.concentrate【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為學(xué)生，我們必需集中精力于學(xué)習(xí)和努力學(xué)習(xí)，而不是游手好閑。A.investigate調(diào)查；B.memories記憶；C.approach接近；D.concentrate集中。依據(jù)insteadoffoolingaround可知此處表示集中精力于學(xué)習(xí)和努力學(xué)習(xí)，固定短語(yǔ)concentrateon集中精力于，聚精會(huì)神于，專注于。故選D項(xiàng)。9.Thepeopleinthemountainvillagetreateduslikeoldfriends_________wewerestrangerstothem.A.sothat B.asif C.eventhough D.aslongas【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查從屬連詞。句意：即使我們對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)是生疏人，山村里的人們還是像老摯友一樣對(duì)待我們。A.sothat以便，為了；B.asif似乎；C.eventhough即使；D.aslongas只要。依據(jù)句意，前一句說(shuō)“村民們像老摯友一樣對(duì)待我們”，后一句說(shuō)“我們是生疏人”，兩個(gè)句子之間應(yīng)當(dāng)是讓步關(guān)系，因此用eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句/結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句；aslongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C項(xiàng)。10.ThereasonwhyIhavecomehereforthejobisthatIjustwanttomakepracticaluseof_________Ihavelearnedinclass.A.which B.how C.what D.whether【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞性從句（賓語(yǔ)從句）。句意：我之所以來(lái)這里應(yīng)聘這份工作，是因?yàn)槲揖褪且屨n上所學(xué)派上實(shí)際用場(chǎng)。A.which哪一個(gè)；B.how怎樣，如何；C.what什么，……的東西，……的事物；D.whether是否。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞of后接名詞或名詞性從句，此處為名詞性從句，要求補(bǔ)全引導(dǎo)詞。從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，指物，結(jié)合句意，此處指的是“所學(xué)的東西”，只有what符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。11.—Youseemtobefamiliarwiththetown.Yes,I_________herefor4years.It’sgreattobebackagainA.studied B.havestudied C.amstudying D.hadstudied【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你似乎對(duì)這個(gè)城市很熟識(shí)?！堑?，我在這里學(xué)習(xí)了4年。很興奮再次回來(lái)。依據(jù)“It’sgreattobebackagain”可知，在這里學(xué)習(xí)4年，現(xiàn)在故地重游，陳述的過(guò)去的客觀事實(shí)，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選A。12.—Look,someboysaredoinghippop.—________!Theperformanceisgreat.A.Cool B.Notatall C.Absolutely D.Definitely【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——看，有些男孩在玩嘻哈?！芸幔”硌莺芫?。A.Cool酷的，精彩的；B.Notatall一點(diǎn)也不，根本不；C.Absolutely完全第，當(dāng)然是，確定是；D.Definitely清晰地，確定地，明確地。依據(jù)Theperformanceisgreat.可知此處表示男孩玩嘻哈是很酷的。故選A項(xiàng)。13.—IwonderwhetherHelenwillbeherebyfive.—Hermothersaidshelefthomeathalfpastfour.She________behereattenpastfive.A.dare B.should C.shall D.need【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：——我不知道海倫五點(diǎn)以前會(huì)不會(huì)到這兒。——她媽媽說(shuō)她四點(diǎn)半離開(kāi)家。她應(yīng)當(dāng)在5點(diǎn)10分到這里。A.dare敢；敢于；B.should應(yīng)當(dāng)；C.shall可以；將；D.need須要。依據(jù)前文“Hermothersaidshelefthomeathalfpastfour.”可知，她媽媽說(shuō)她四點(diǎn)半離開(kāi)家，因此說(shuō)話人推想出“她按道理/應(yīng)當(dāng)會(huì)在五點(diǎn)10分到達(dá)”這種可能性。選項(xiàng)B“should”可表示可能性，常譯為“按道理說(shuō)或應(yīng)當(dāng)”含義。故選B項(xiàng)。14.Covid-19,themostdeadlyvirusinrecentyears,begantoattackpeopleatthebeginningofthisyear,from________effectpeoplearestillsuffering.A.that B.those C.whose D.what【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：新型冠狀病毒，近年來(lái)最致命的病毒，起先在今年初攻擊人類，人們?nèi)栽谠庥鲂鹿诓《局?。分析句子可知，此處是“介詞+關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是Covid-19，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)運(yùn)用whose。故選C項(xiàng)。15.—I’vebeenpromotedtothedirectorofHRandI’mwonderingwhetherIcanaskforabigpayrise.—________.Afterall,theeconomyisstrugglingthesedays.A.Youcanmakeit. B.Goodforyou C.You’vegonetoofar D.It’suptoyou【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我已經(jīng)升任為人事主管，我在想我是否可以要求一次大幅度的提薪。——你太過(guò)分啦。終歸，最近一段時(shí)間經(jīng)濟(jì)正困頓交加。A.Youcanmakeit.你可以的；B.Goodforyou真棒，真為你興奮；C.You’vegonetoofar你太過(guò)分了；D.It’suptoyou由你來(lái)定，取決于你。依據(jù)此處情景，在（企業(yè)）經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期要求一個(gè)大幅度加薪，明顯是天方夜譚，只能說(shuō)這是個(gè)有些過(guò)分的要求，故選C。其次節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，駕馭其大意，然后從16-35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)?！癊xcuseme,”hewavedtothewaiter.Thewaiterarrivedatourtable.“I____16____cottagecheese,butthisisthemushroom.”Thewaiterreturnedwitha(n)____17____smileonhisfaceandsaid,“I’msorrysir.I____18____tooktheorderforthemushroom.”“Thenchangeitimmediately,”Isaidangrily.Ihad____19____myprofessor,whohadretiredasCEOofabillion-dollarmultinationalcorporation,tolunchatthe____20____restaurant.Thewaitersmiledawkwardly.I____21____tobeginthe“do-you-know-who-he-is”dialogue.Butmyprofessorwasquicker.Hesaid,“It’salright.Justdon’t____22____meforbothdishes,”andlaughed.“No,sir.Sorry,sir.Thankyou,sir,”thewaitersaidandthe____23____andgratefulnesswerewrittenalloverhisface.“Whydidyoudothat,sir?”Iasked,____24____.”It’shisdutytochangeyourdish,”Isaid.“Seehowcrowdedtherestaurantis?It’sa(n)____25____noon.Vernon,”myprofessorsaid.“Changingmyorderwouldmeanmore____26____forhimandthechef.Maybethewaiteris____27____.Heprobablywouldgetawarningfromthemanagerforthis____28____.Whyputthemthroughallthis____29____?Thismushroomisn’tbad.”Whenthebillarrived,myprofessor____30____payingit.Heevenleftabigtip.Whenwewalkedout,hesmiledatthewaiter,who____31____solowthatIthoughthe’dbreakhisback.Myprofessoralsosmiledand____32____thedoormanwhenhethankedusforvisiting.Herewasmyprofessor,Mr.Smith,beingsympathetictopeoplebelowhis____33____,andtreatingthemlikefriends.“Thetruemeasureofamanis____34____hetreatssomeonewhocandohimabsolutelynogood,”saidSamuelJohnson.I’llfollowmyprofessor’s____35____andtrymybesttodothesame.16.A.mentioned B.ignored C.noticed D.ordered17.A.apologetic B.ridiculous C.meaningful D.unnecessary18.A.accurately B.accidently C.primarily D.appropriately19.A.referred B.introduced C.brought D.guided20.A.remote B.common C.elegant D.self-service21.A.happened B.prepared C.managed D.failed22.A.charge B.blame C.thank D.punish23.A.peace B.confidence C.worry D.relief24.A.excited B.moved C.surprised D.disappointed25.A.normal B.busy C.hot D.unique26.A.work B.income C.value D.practice27.A.smart B.careful C.friendly D.new28.A.actively B.duty C.mistake D.intention29.A.break B.boredom C.training D.trouble30.A.puton B.insiston C.comeon D.geton31.A.bowed B.stood C.sat D.fell32.A.acknowledge B.recognized C.observed D.understood.33.A.age B.status C.expectation D.standard34.A.when B.why C.how D.what35.A.call B.advice C.procedure D.example【答案】16.D17.A18.B19.C20.C21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.D30.B31.A32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】本文為一篇記敘文，講解并描述了作者和教授一起吃午飯，服務(wù)員不當(dāng)心上錯(cuò)菜，教授確定寬恕，并且給了一大筆小費(fèi)的故事?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我點(diǎn)的是農(nóng)家干酪，但這是蘑菇。A.mentioned提示；B.ignored忽視；C.noticed留意；D.ordered點(diǎn)菜。依據(jù)Thewaiterarrivedatourtable以及butthisisthemushroom可知，作者和教授在參觀吃飯，所以這里是在講點(diǎn)的菜。故此題選D?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：服務(wù)員帶著歉意的微笑回來(lái)說(shuō)：“對(duì)不起，先生。我不當(dāng)心接了蘑菇的訂單。”A.apologetic致歉的；B.ridiculous可笑的；C.meaningful有意義的；D.unnecessary沒(méi)必要的。上文講到上錯(cuò)了菜，所以這時(shí)候須要到致歉。故此題選A?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句看法上一題。A.accurately精確地；B.accidently意外地；C.primarily最初地；D.appropriately合適地。通過(guò)下文服務(wù)員說(shuō)到，他接了蘑菇的訂單可知，他并不是有意上錯(cuò)菜的，是一次意外。故此題選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我?guī)е呀?jīng)退休的教授，還是一家價(jià)值數(shù)十億美元的跨國(guó)公司的首席執(zhí)行官來(lái)這家高級(jí)的餐館吃飯。A.referred涉及；B.introduced介紹；C.brought帶著；D.guided指導(dǎo)。通過(guò)上文可知，我和我的教授一起來(lái)吃飯，所以是我?guī)е业慕淌?。故此題選C。【20題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句看法上一題。A.remote遙遠(yuǎn)的；B.common常見(jiàn)的；C.elegant優(yōu)雅的、高級(jí)的；D.self-service資助的。上文whohadretiredasCEOofabillion-dollarmultinationalcorporation，所以是作者帶教授去了一個(gè)比較高級(jí)的地方。故此題選C。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我打算起先“你知道他是誰(shuí)嗎”的對(duì)話。A.happened發(fā)生；B.prepared打算；C.managed管理；D.failed失敗。下文Butmyprofessorwasquicker，可知我的話還沒(méi)說(shuō)出口，所以是打算說(shuō)。故此題選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“兩道菜都別收我的錢，”他笑著說(shuō)。A.charge收費(fèi)；B.blame責(zé)怪；C.thank感謝；D.punish懲處。通過(guò)最終教授付了錢還給了小費(fèi)，我們可以推斷出這里教授是開(kāi)玩笑的說(shuō)教授不打算付錢了。故此題選A。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：服務(wù)生說(shuō)，臉上寫(xiě)滿了欣慰和感謝之情。A.peace和平；B.confidence自信；C.worry擔(dān)憂；D.relief寬慰。依據(jù)gratefulnesswerewrittenalloverhisface，可知，服務(wù)員很欣慰。故此題選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你為什么要那樣做，先生？我驚異地問(wèn)道。A.excited激烈的；B.moved感動(dòng)的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.disappointed悲觀的。依據(jù)It’shisdutytochangeyourdish,”，可知作者對(duì)于教授的做法難以理解。故此題選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：今日中午很忙。A.normal正常的；B.busy繁忙的；C.hot熱的；D.unique獨(dú)特的。通過(guò)上文的Seehowcrowdedtherestaurantis?可知餐館人許多，很忙。故此題選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更改我的菜單，那么主廚和他的工作量就會(huì)增加。A.work工作；B.income收入；C.value價(jià)值；D.practice練習(xí)。換菜單的話廚師就要做另一道菜，所以工作量就增加了。故此題選A?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：或許這個(gè)服務(wù)員是新來(lái)的。A.smart聰慧的；B.careful細(xì)致的；C.friendly友好的；D.new新的。上文說(shuō)到服務(wù)員上錯(cuò)菜犯了錯(cuò)，所以他有可能是新來(lái)的。故此題選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他可能會(huì)因?yàn)檫@個(gè)錯(cuò)誤而受到經(jīng)理的警告。A.actively主動(dòng)；B.duty職責(zé)；C.mistake錯(cuò)誤；D.intention目的。上文I3tooktheorderforthemushroom.說(shuō)到服務(wù)員上錯(cuò)了菜，所以這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。故此題選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為什么要讓他們經(jīng)驗(yàn)這么多麻煩？A.break休息；B.boredom厭煩；C.training訓(xùn)練；D.trouble麻煩。依據(jù)上文Changingmyorderwouldmeanmore11forhimandthechef.換菜單的話廚師就要做另一道菜，所以工作量就增加了，會(huì)給他們帶來(lái)一系列麻煩。故此題選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)結(jié)賬單時(shí)，教授還是堅(jiān)持付了款。A.puton穿上；B.insiston堅(jiān)持；C.comeon加油；D.geton上車。上文教授打趣說(shuō)到不付錢，但是下文教授還是給了錢，所以教授還是堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)給錢。故此題選B。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：服務(wù)生深深地鞠躬，我想他會(huì)傷到背的。A.bowed鞠躬；B.stood站立；C.sat坐；D.fell跌倒。通過(guò)下文breakhisback可知，大幅度鞠躬會(huì)傷到背。故此題選A。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)門衛(wèi)感謝我們來(lái)訪時(shí)，我的教授也微笑著向他道謝。A.acknowledge致謝；B.recognized意識(shí)到；C.observed視察；D.understood理解。依據(jù)whenhethankedusforvisiting可知，教授也通過(guò)微笑表示了感謝。故此題選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：史密斯教授對(duì)地位低下的人很憐憫，把他們當(dāng)作摯友對(duì)待。A.age年紀(jì)；B.status地位；C.expectation期盼；D.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文講的是教授和服務(wù)員的故事，可知服務(wù)員和教授相比，地位比教授的地位低。故此題選B?！?4題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：真正衡量一個(gè)人，是看他如何對(duì)待與他毫不相干的人。A.when時(shí)間；B.why緣由；C.how方式；D.what怎么樣。本文講解并描述的是教授如何對(duì)待犯錯(cuò)的服務(wù)員，所以文章講的是如何待人，表方式。故此題選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我將以我的教授為榜樣，盡我所能做到這一點(diǎn)。A.call電話；B.advice建議；C.procedure步驟；D.example例子。依據(jù)trymybesttodothesame.可知，作者也要嘗試這樣去做可知，作者把教授當(dāng)成了自己的榜樣。故此題選D。其次部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AItisoftensaidthat“apictureisworthathousandwords.”ThatiscertainlytrueoftheimagesoffleetingmomentsofnaturesubmittedbyinternationalecologistsandstudentsfortheBritishEcologicalSociety’s(BES)annualphotographycompetition.Hereareafewof2019’swinningentries.RedNightPhotographedbyRobertoGarciaRoa,itwasdeclaredlastyear’soverallwinner.Theimagecapturesboththebeautyofthemagnificentsnakeanditsfearofhumanthreatslikefires.Theecologistsays,“DuringmyvisittoMadagascar,Ihadthepleasureoffindingthissnakeandphotographingit.Toofferadramaticscenereflectingtheconditionsthatthesesnakesaresuffering,Iusedanexternalredlightasasourceoflighttocapturetheenvironment.”TheRhino’sAnnualHaircutItwasphotographedbyecologistMollyPenny.Theongoingdemandforrhino(犀牛)hornshasreducedthepopulationtojust30,000globally.Totrytosavethespecies,ecologistsinSouthAfrica,hometoover20,000southernwhiterhinos,havedecidedtosawoff(鋸掉)itpartoftheanimals’horns,whichregroweveryyear.“TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut,”capturedbeautifullyintheblack-and-whitephotobyMollyPennyfromtheUniversityoftheWestofEngland,reducestheriskoftheanimalsbeingcruellymurdered.FortheLoveofFlamingosPhotographedbyPeterHudson,itcapturesaheart-shapedcloudofpinkflamingosinKenya,whichistrulyasightlikenoneother.Theecologistsays,“FlamingosarealllegsandnecksbutmeanwhilebeautifulandfascinatingandIadmitIhaveadeeppassionforthem,soIwasthrilledwhen,flyinghighoverLakeMagadi,Iwatchedthisflockfromthemselvesintoaheartshape.”.FlamesinFlumesPhotographedbyNilanjanChatterjee,itcapturesawaterredstartwaitingtocatchaninsectnearasmallwaterfall.Itwasthebestoverallstudentsubmission.ThephotographerwantedtoshowthestruggletheriverbirdsarelikelytofacefromtheslowdowninwaterflowduetoplanneddamsinriversacrossIndia.36.Whatcanweknowabout“RedNight”?A.RobertoGarciaRoasufferedalottotakeit.B.Itdescribesasnake’ssufferinginthefires.C.Itwonthefirstplacein2024BES’photographycompetition.D.RobertoGarciaRoawasveryfrightenedwhenhetookit.37.Whatmaybethetopicof“TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut”?A.Thetipsonsavinganendangeredrhino.B.Thecrueltyofkillinganendangeredrhino.C.Thesceneoftakingpartofahornfromarhino.D.Themethodofhelpingarhinotogrowahornagain.38.Wherewas“FortheLoveofFlamingos”photographed?A.InSouthAfrica. B.InKenya.C.InIndia. D.InMadagascar.39.Howis“FlamesinFlumes”differentfromtheotherpictures?A.Itisastudent’swork.B.Itwasphotographedonanisland.C.Itisablack-and-whitephoto.D.Itshowswildanimals’suffering.40.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceaphotographycompetition.B.Toremindustoprotectsomeanimals.C.Towarnusofworseningnature.D.Tointroducesomewinningphotos.【答案】36.C37.C38.B39.A40.D【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了2024年在英國(guó)生態(tài)學(xué)會(huì)(BES)年度攝影競(jìng)賽中的獲獎(jiǎng)作品?！?6題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)RedNight中的“PhotographedbyRobertoGarciaRoa,itwasdeclaredlastyear’soverallwinner.(由羅伯托·加西亞·羅亞拍攝的這張照片被宣布為去年的總冠軍。)”可知，《紅色的夜晚》獲得2024年BES攝影競(jìng)賽第一名。故選C?！?7題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut中的“Totrytosavethespecies,ecologistsinSouthAfrica,hometoover20,000southernwhiterhinos,havedecidedtosawoff(鋸掉)itpartoftheanimals’horns,whichregroweveryyear.TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut,”capturedbeautifullyintheblack-and-whitephotobyMollyPennyfromtheUniversityoftheWestofEngland,reducestheriskoftheanimalsbeingcruellymurdered.”可知，作品《犀牛的年度發(fā)型》是英國(guó)西部高校的莫莉·佩妮拍攝從犀牛角上取角的場(chǎng)景。故選C?！?8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)FortheLoveofFlamingos中的“PhotographedbyPeterHudson,itcapturesaheart-shapedcloudofpinkflamingosinKenya,whichistrulyasightlikenoneother.(這張照片是由彼得·哈德森拍攝的，它在肯尼亞捕獲到了一片粉紅色火烈鳥(niǎo)的心形云，這真是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的景象。)”可知，此照片是在肯尼亞拍攝的。故選B。【39題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)FlamesinFlumes中的“Itwasthebestoverallstudentsubmission.(這是學(xué)生提交的最好的作品)”可知，《火焰中的羽毛》這張照片與其它照片不同之處，在于它是一副學(xué)生作品。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段“ThatiscertainlytrueoftheimagesoffleetingmomentsofnaturesubmittedbyinternationalecologistsandstudentsfortheBritishEcologicalSociety’s(BES)annualphotographycompetition.Hereareafewof2019’swinningentries.(在英國(guó)生態(tài)學(xué)會(huì)(BES)年度攝影競(jìng)賽中，國(guó)際生態(tài)學(xué)家和學(xué)生們提交了一組自然轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的照片。以下是2024年獲獎(jiǎng)作品。)”可推斷，此文的目的是介紹一些獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)掌?。故選D。BLikemanyotherstudentsbeginninggraduateschoolIwasquicklychargedwithresponsibilitiesandhadtofindtimeforstudyingbylettinggoofmanyotherthingsIvalued.Lettinggooffootballandtheviolinwas,however,self-defeating:itmighthavebroughtmemoretimeintheshortterm,butspendingthatextratimeonworkonly’madememorestressedandlessproductive.TowardstheendoftheMSC(MasterofScienceprogram)startedtolosemymotivationandcuriosityforscienceandresearch,aswellasmycreativity.Spendingsomuchtimeandenergyinthelaboratory,andfocusingallmyattentiononmythesisandcourses,mademefeeldownandalmosttotallyuninterestedinmyfield-nottomentionshort-temperedandoversensitiveinmypersonalcommunications.Overtime,Ilearntfromtheseexperiences.WhenIstartedmyPhD,Ifocusedonbalancingacademicsuccesswithpersonaltime-off,andmadepersonalhappinessapriority(首要事情)inmyweeklyschedule.Mymentor(導(dǎo)師)andIdiscussedmywork-lifebalanceearlyinmyprogram,andwearrangeourlabresponsibilitiesaccordingly.Isetboundariesformyselfinnewways:‘ratherthandoinglabworkallweekend,I’dplayfootballortheviolin,orvisitlovedones,beforeallowingmyselftoworkforafewhours.Thiswashardatfirst:Iworriedthatitwouldaffectmystandingwithmypeers,andsuperiors,butIhadlearntfromexperiencesthatanoverloadedschedulecandrain(使疲憊)yousomuchthatyoubecomeunfocusedandstartmakingmistakesorforgettingimportantdetails.Sinceestablishingabetterwork-lifebalance,I’vebeendoingwellingraduateschool.Outsidethelab,I’vebeenabletotakeupafewleadershippositionsatmyuniversitybecauseI’mnotasstressedwithmywork.Iserveasourdepartment’sstudentcouncilorandIamalsovice-presidentacademicintheHealthSciencesGraduateStudents’Association.Myadviceisthis:ahealthywork-lifebalanceisn’taluxury;it’sakeypartofsuccessingraduateprograms.41.Whatistheauthor’sproblem?A.Hemuststudyhardtograduate.B.Hemustgiveuphishobbyforstudy,C.Hedidn’tknowhowtostudymoreeffectively.D.Hedidn’tknowhowtodealwithpressure.42.Paragraph2shows________.A.thechallengesofanMSCprogramB.theconsequencesofgivinguphobbiesC.thebenefitsoffocusingonschoolworkD.theimportanceofbalancingstudyandhobbies43.Tobalanceacademicandpersonallife,theauthor________.A.askshispeersforhelpB.seekstoreducehislabdutiesC.putshishobbiesfirstmoreoftenD.avoidsschoolworkatweekendsatall44.Whentheauthorgetshishandstoofull,he________.A.tendstoputthingsonholdB.tendstolosetheattentiontodetailsC.willlosehispatiencewithhisacademicworkD.willmakeanewscheduleaccordingly45.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor’spersonalexperience?A.It’snevertoolatetomakeachangeintheuniversity.B.It’seasytobework-lifebalancedinourlives.C.Multi-taskinghasmanyadvantagesintheuniversity.D.Work-lifebalanceisnecessaryintheuniversity.【答案】41.B42.B43.C44.B45.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，通過(guò)講解并描述作者自身的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，論述了平衡工作和生活的重要性?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Lettinggooffootballandtheviolinwas,however,self-defeating:itmighthavebroughtmemoretimeintheshortterm,butspendingthatextratimeonworkonly’madememorestressedandlessproductive.”放棄足球和小提琴卻會(huì)弄巧成拙:它可能會(huì)在短期內(nèi)給我?guī)?lái)更多時(shí)間，但把多余的時(shí)間花在工作上只會(huì)“讓我壓力更大，效率更低”?？芍髡哂龅降膯?wèn)題是，他必需放棄自己的愛(ài)好來(lái)抓緊時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段可知，在MSC快結(jié)束的時(shí)候，作者起先失去了對(duì)科學(xué)和探討的動(dòng)力和新奇心，也失去了創(chuàng)建力。在試驗(yàn)室里花了那么多時(shí)間和精力，把全部的留意力都集中在論文和課程上，這讓作者心情低落，對(duì)自己的領(lǐng)域幾乎完全不感愛(ài)好——更別提在個(gè)人溝通中脾氣急躁、過(guò)于敏感了?？芍径伪砻靼鬃髡叻艞壸约簮?ài)好的結(jié)果。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“WhenIstartedmyPhD,Ifocusedonbalancingacademicsuccesswithpersonaltime-off,andmadepersonalhappinessapriority(首要事情)inmyweeklyschedule.”當(dāng)我起先我的博士學(xué)位，我專注于平衡學(xué)術(shù)成就和個(gè)人時(shí)生活，并使個(gè)人華蜜優(yōu)先(首要事情)在我每周的日程支配。可知，作者為了平衡學(xué)術(shù)成就和個(gè)人生活更多的把自己的愛(ài)好放在第一位。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章倒數(shù)其次段“Ihadlearntfromexperiencesthatanoverloadedschedulecandrain(使疲憊)yousomuchthatyoubecomeunfocusedandstartmakingmistakesorforgettingimportantdetails.”我從閱歷中學(xué)到一個(gè)過(guò)載的時(shí)辰表可以使你如此疲憊以至于使你變得無(wú)失去留意力，起先犯錯(cuò)誤或遺忘重要的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)?？梢酝茢?，當(dāng)作者手頭工作太多時(shí)，他會(huì)簡(jiǎn)潔忽視細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)。故選B項(xiàng)。45題詳解】推理推斷題。文章通過(guò)講解并描述自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，放棄愛(ài)好專注學(xué)習(xí)使作者壓力更大、效率更低，之后通過(guò)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)相識(shí)到了要留意工作和生活的平衡；尤其是文章最終一段“ahealthywork-lifebalanceisn’taluxury;it’sakeypartofsuccessingraduateprograms.”健康的工作與生活平衡不是一種奢侈，這是探討生課程勝利的關(guān)鍵部分?？梢酝茢?，依據(jù)作者的閱歷，我們可以知道工作與生活的平衡在高校是必要的。故選D項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)某句話或某幾句話的理解，同學(xué)們?nèi)裟芤罁?jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案。多數(shù)狀況下，作者不會(huì)明確的呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)事實(shí)，讀者須要依據(jù)已有的信息進(jìn)行處理，讀出言外之意。還要特殊留意文章的時(shí)間依次、故事發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)、情節(jié)的發(fā)展和人物之間的關(guān)系。例如，第3題文章中，由文章第三段“WhenIstartedmyPhD,Ifocusedonbalancingacademicsuccesswithpersonaltime-off,andmadepersonalhappinessapriority(首要事情)inmyweeklyschedule.”當(dāng)我起先我的博士學(xué)位，我專注于平衡學(xué)術(shù)成就和個(gè)人時(shí)生活，并使個(gè)人華蜜優(yōu)先(首要事情)在我每周的日程支配。可知，作者為了平衡學(xué)術(shù)成就和個(gè)人生活更多的把自己的愛(ài)好放在第一位。故選C項(xiàng)。CPurdueUniversityresearchershaveengineeredflyingrobotsthatbehavelikehummingbirds,trainedbymachinelearningalgorithms(計(jì)算程序)basedonvarioustechniquesthebirdusesnaturallyeveryday.Therobotwouldbeabletoflybetterthroughcollapsedbuildingstofindtrappedvictims.Eventhoughsucharobotcan’tseeyetitsensesbytouchingsurfaces.Eachtouchchangesanelectriccurrent,whichtheresearchersrealizedthattheycouldtrack.XinyanDeng,aprofessor,andhercolleaguesatPurduehavebeentryingtodecode(破譯)hummingbirdflightsothatrobotscanflywherelargeraircraftcan’t.Deng’sgroupstudiedhummingbirdsthemselvesformanysummersinMontana.Theydocumentedkeyhummingbirdactions,suchasmakingarapid180-degreeturn,andtranslatedthemtocomputeralgorithmsthattherobotcouldlearnfromwhenconnectedwithasimulation(模擬操作).FurtherstudyonthephysicsofinsectsandhummingbirdsallowedPurdueresearcherstobuildrobotssmallerthanhummingbirds--andevenassmallasinsects-withoutcompromisingthewaytheyfly.Thesmallerthesize,thegreaterthewingflappingfrequency,andthemoreefficientlytheyfly.Therobotshave3D-printedbodiesandwingsmadeofcarbonfiber.Theresearchershavebuiltonehummingbirdrobotweighing12grams--theweightoftheaverageadulthummingbird.Thehummingbirdrobotcanliftupto27grams.Designingtheirrobotswithhigherliftgivestheresearchersmoreroomtoeventuallyaddabatteryandsensingtechnology,suchasa-cameraorGPS.Currently,therobotneedstobetiedtoanenergysourcewhileitflies-butthatwon’tbeformuchlonger,theresearcherssay.Therobotscouldflysilentlyjustasarealhummingbirddoes,makingthemmoreidealforcovert(轉(zhuǎn)換)operations.Robotichummingbirdswouldnotonlyhelpwithsearch-and-rescuetasks,butalsoallowbiologiststomorereliablystudyhummingbirds.Intheirnaturalenvironmentthroughthesensesofarealisticrobot.ThisworkispartofPurdue’s1501°anniversary.Thisisoneofthefourthemesofthecelebration’sIdeasFestival,designedtoshowPurdueasanintellectualcentersolvingreal-worldissues.46.Thehummingbirdrobotcouldbehelpfulinsearchingforvictims.A.inaverywidearea B.inadesertC.inadarkplace D.inthesea47.Whatcanweknowaboutthehummingbirdrobot?A.Itisaslightasaninsect. B.Itcanflytoanyplace.C.Itcanseewheretogo. D.Thesmalleritis,thebetter.48.Whatisthedisadvantageoftherobotichummingbirdatpresent?A.Itbarelyliftsitsweight. B.It’snotequippedwithabattery.C.Itcan’tflytoohighinthesky. D.Itproducesalittlenoiseoutside.49.Besidesbeingusefulinrescues,thehummingbirdrobotcanhelp.A.biologiststostudyhummingbirds B.biologiststostudywildlifeC.transportdangerousgoods D.protectbirdsinthewild【答案】46.C47.D48.B49.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了普渡高校(PurdueUniversity)的探討人員鄧新燕教授和她的同事們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)出了行為像蜂鳥(niǎo)的飛行機(jī)器人，它能夠在倒塌的建筑物中飛行，找尋被困的受害者。這種機(jī)器人目前還存在缺點(diǎn)，但是還在接著探討和完善中?！?6題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中Therobotwouldbeabletoflybetterthroughcollapsedbuildingstofindtrappedvictims.(機(jī)器人將能夠更好地在倒塌的建筑物中飛行，找尋被困的受害者)可知，蜂鳥(niǎo)機(jī)器人可以幫助在黑暗的地方找尋受害者。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中Thesmallerthesize,thegreaterthewingflappingfrequency,andthemoreefficientlytheyfly.(體型越小，扇動(dòng)翅膀的頻率就越大，飛行效率也就越高)可知，蜂鳥(niǎo)機(jī)器人越小越好。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中Designingtheirrobotswithhigherliftgivestheresearchersmoreroomtoeventuallyaddabatteryandsensingtechnology,suchasa-cameraorGPS.Currently,therobotneedstobetiedtoanenergysourcewhileitflies.(設(shè)計(jì)出具有更高升力機(jī)器人，讓探討人員有更多空間最終添加電池和傳感技術(shù)，如攝像頭或GPS。目前，機(jī)器人在飛行時(shí)須要連接上能源)可知，目前蜂鳥(niǎo)機(jī)器人的缺點(diǎn)是它還沒(méi)有配備電池。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中Robotichummingbirdswouldnotonlyhelpwithsearch-and-rescuetasks,butalsoallowbiologiststomorereliablystudyhummingbirds.(蜂鳥(niǎo)機(jī)器人不僅能幫助搜救任務(wù)，還能讓生物學(xué)家更牢靠地探討蜂鳥(niǎo))可知，除了在救援中有用，蜂鳥(niǎo)機(jī)器人還可以幫助生物學(xué)家探討蜂鳥(niǎo)。故選A項(xiàng)。DWeallhaveourbaddays.Nooneisgoingtowakeupeachandeverymorninginacheerymood.Sometimesweallfeeljustalittlebitgrumpier(脾氣急躁的)thanusual,andthat’sjustapartofbeinghuman.Yetoncewegettotheoffice,manyintheworkforcefeelitnecessarytohidetheiremotions,whethertheyareinfrustration,anger,orsadness.Interestingly,anewstudyfindskeepingone’sbehaviorattheofficeauthenticwillresultingreaterproductivityandabetterrelationshipwithco-workers.Inotherwords:acthowyoufeel,anddon’tfakeit.It’sextremelycommonfortheaverageworkspacetopreachanattitudeofcontinuouspositivity.WhilethismaybebeneficialfromtheCEO’sviewpoint,itjustisn’trealisticwhenappliedtorealpeoplewithrealproblemsanddailyhardships.That’swhy,theresearchteamhaveconcluded,employeeswillactuallyfeelbetter,workharder,andconnectmorewiththeircolleaguesiftheydon’thidetheirfeelingswithafakesmile.Over2,500workingadults,fromavarietyofindustriessuchasfinanceorengineering,tookpartinthisresearchviasurveys.Thequestionnairesmeasuredtwodistincttypesofon-the-jobemotionalregulation:surfaceactinganddeepacting.Surfaceactingmeansfakinghappinesswhileinteractingwithotheremployees;anddeepactingreferstoactivelytryingtochangeone’semotionsandfeelingsinordertobemorepleasantatwork.Thestudy’sauthorswereinterestedtoseehowcommonitisforworkingadultstoregulatetheiremotionswhileontheclock,andifso.Why?Whatbenefitsareemployeesgainingfromsuchbehavior?Afteranalyzingallofthesurveyresponses,researchersidentifiedf