Unit10Ivehadthisbikeforthreeyears重難點(diǎn)人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears短語(yǔ)集萃【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1.thesedays目前，現(xiàn)在2.regardwithgreatinterest以極大的興趣關(guān)注著3.inorderto為了4.sofar迄今，到目前為止5.inneed需要6.not...anymore不再.....7.weletosp歡迎來(lái)到.....8.checkout察看，觀察9.boardgames棋類(lèi)游戲10.onelastthing最后一樣?xùn)|西11.juniorhighschool初級(jí)中學(xué)12.clearout清理13.nolonger不再14.toymonkey玩具猴15.partwith與.....分開(kāi)16.tobehonest說(shuō)實(shí)在的17.rideabike騎自行車(chē)18.haveayardsale進(jìn)行庭院拍賣(mài)會(huì)19.one’soldthings某人的舊東西20.bringbacksweetmemories勾起甜美的回憶21.giveaway捐贈(zèng)22.playforawhile玩一會(huì)23.dowith處理，處置24.searchforwork找工作25.forthelast13years在過(guò)去的13年里26.themid20thcentury20世紀(jì)中期27.staythesame保持原狀28.accordingto依照，按照29.inone’sopinion依......看30.inmytime在我那個(gè)年代【模塊一】單詞短語(yǔ)精講1.辨析:since與for在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法區(qū)別:①since接時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句，表示某事／動(dòng)作是從什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始的。例：I'vebeenawritersincefiveyearsago.五年前我就是一名作家了。②for接時(shí)間段，表示某事／動(dòng)作持續(xù)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。例：I'vebeenawriterfortwoyears.我當(dāng)作家五年了。【例題】用since或for填空

（1）Thechildhasbeencrying________hermotherleft.

（2）Wehavebeenplayingtennis________fiveyears.

（3）Thegirlhasbeenreading________twohours.

（4）Ithasbeenraining________awholeday.

（5）Wehaveknowneachother________wewerechildren.2.辨析：nolonger與nomore①nolonger（＝not...anylonger)表示時(shí)間上的不再延續(xù)，常修飾延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞例：Henolongerworksinthefactory.他不再這家工廠工作了④nomore（＝not...anymore)表示次數(shù)上的不再增加，常修飾非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞例：Youcandrinknomore你不能再喝了【例題】1.–Excuseme，isthisMr.Brown’soffice？–I’msorry，butMr.Brown（）workshere.Heleftaboutthreeweeksago.A.notnowB.nomoreC.notstillD.nolonger2.–WillyougivethismessagetoMr.White，Please？–Sorry，Ican’t.He（）.A.doesn’tanymoreworkhereB.doesn’tanylongerhereworkC.doesn’tworkanymorehereD.doesn’tworkhereanylonger3.own此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“擁有；有”。例：Iownabuildingwithanicegarden.我擁有一所帶有漂亮花園的樓房。［拓展］①own用作形容詞，意為“自己的”。例：Thisishisownbuilding.這是他自己的樓房。②owner用作名詞，意為“物主；主人”。例：Iamtheownerofthecar.我是這輛汽車(chē)的主人。ofone’sown屬于某人自己的例：Thehouseismyown這個(gè)房子是屬于我的onone’sown獨(dú)自地例：Iwenttoschoolonmyownyesterday我昨天獨(dú)自去學(xué)校了【例題】1.Knowledgehasits_______power（力量）.A.ownB.own'sC.owner2.Mr.Smithisthe______ofthepanyA.ownB.ownerC.owner's4.partwith意為“放棄；交出；賣(mài)掉（尤指不舍得的東西）”，是“動(dòng)詞＋介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)，其后可接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。例：Idon'twanttopartwithmyoldbike.我不想賣(mài)掉我的舊自行車(chē)。［拓展］part還可用作名詞，意為“部分；角色”，常用于短語(yǔ)takepartin(參加），playapartin=Playarolein(扮演角色；起作用）。例：Everyonetookpartinplantingtrees.每個(gè)人都參加了植樹(shù)活動(dòng)。5.while意為“一段時(shí)間；一會(huì)兒”。一般只用單數(shù)形式，例：HeleftforShanghaiashortwhileago.他不久前動(dòng)身去了上海。［拓展］①while的常見(jiàn)搭配有：afterawhile過(guò)了一會(huì)兒；forawhile暫時(shí)；inawhile不久；馬上；onceinawhile有時(shí)；偶爾②while用作連詞，意為“當(dāng)······的時(shí)候；與……同時(shí)；然而”。例：’WhileIwaswaitingforthebus,itbegantorainheavily.當(dāng)我在等公共汽車(chē)的時(shí)候，天開(kāi)始下起了大雨?！纠}】1.Shesang_____shewentalong.(when/while/as)2.Itwasraininghard_____wearrived.(when/while)3.ShethoughtIwaspraisingherchild,_______,infact，Iwasscoldinghimforhisbadbehaviorsatschool.A.whatB.whileC.sothatD.therefore4.Wewereswimminginthelake______suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before6.around此處用作副詞，意為“在附近；在周?chē)?。例：Isthereanyonearound?這附近有人嗎［拓展］①around用作副詞，意為“大約”，等于about例：Iusuallygotobedaroundteno'clock.我通常在大約10點(diǎn)鐘上床睡覺(jué)。②around用作介詞，意為“在······周?chē)?。例：Theysitaroundthetable.他們圍著桌子坐。【例題】1.Theearthgoes_____thesun.A.aroundB.aboutC.betweenD.along2.Couldyou__________theparkforme？showaroundB.showupC.takeupD.takearound7.regared用作及物動(dòng)詞，注視關(guān)注例：Shestoodbackandregardedhimcoldly.她退后站著，冷冷地注視著他。［拓展］①regard作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“將······認(rèn)為；把······視為”。常用短語(yǔ)regard...as...,意為“將······視為····;把······當(dāng)作······”，as為介詞，其后可接名詞或代詞。例：Iregardyouasmybestfriend.我把你當(dāng)作我最好的朋友。②regard用作名詞，意為“關(guān)注；關(guān)心；尊敬；敬佩”。例：Thestudentsheldtheteacherinhighregard.學(xué)生們都很尊敬這位老師?！纠}】Inrecentyears,stresshasbeenregarded____acauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomental（精神的）illness.A.asB.aboutC.forD.to8.辨析：howoften、howlong、howfar、howsoon、howmany、howmuch①howoften多久一次；用來(lái)提問(wèn)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率例：Howoftendoyouexercise?②Howlong;多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間；用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短或者物體的長(zhǎng)度例：Howlongistheruler?③Howfar;多遠(yuǎn)；用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)距離，指路程的遠(yuǎn)近例：Howfarisitfromheretothepark?④Howsoon;多久以后；用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)將來(lái)的時(shí)間，指時(shí)間還有多久例：Howsoonwilltheyeback?⑤Howmany;多少；用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量例：HowmanyhoursdoyouwatchTV⑥Howmuch多少錢(qián)；用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量或者物品的價(jià)格例：Howmucharethesebooks??9.certain作形容詞，意為＂某種；某事；某人”，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)常與冠詞a連用。例：Acertainpersoncalledmeyesterday.昨天有人給我打了。拓展延伸：?certain作形容詞，還可表示＂確信的，無(wú)疑的＂，與sure同義，常用作表語(yǔ)。becertainof／about對(duì)······有把握例：Ifyouwanttobecertainofgettingaticket,booknow.要想有把握買(mǎi)到票，現(xiàn)在就去預(yù)訂。becertain＋that／what／who／how／when.肯定······例：I＇mcertainthatIleftthekeysinthekitchen.我肯定我把鑰匙落在廚房里了。例：I＇mnotcertainwhenitwillbeready.我不確定什么時(shí)候能準(zhǔn)備好。【例題】WhataboutgoingtoShanghaiDisneylandParknextmonth,Harry?________！We'llhavealotoffunthere.A.GoodluckB.NevermindC.SoundsgreatD.Certainlynot10.辨析dowith和dealwith①dowith處理，安置，常與what連用例：Idon’tknowwhattodowiththeseemails我不知道如何處理這些電子郵件dealwith處理，應(yīng)付，常與how連用例：Myparentstaughtmehowtodealwithpressure我的父母教我如何應(yīng)對(duì)壓力【例題】1.Paulaisanewmother.Shereallydoesn'tknow_______todowithherbaby.A.whatB.howC.whenD.where2.Thetaskistoodifficult.Ihavenoideaof________it.A.whattomakewithB.howtodowithC.whattodealwithD.whattodowith3.Manystudentsdon'tknowhowto________stressandbeeworried.IthinktheyhadbetterasktheirteachersforhelpA.putupB.wakeupC.dealwithD.dowith11.inneed處于危難之中beinneedof意為“需要······＂。例：Wearecollectingmoneyforchildreninneed.我們?cè)跒樨毨和季?。?Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.（諺語(yǔ)）患難見(jiàn)真情。拓展延伸:In+名詞Indanger處于危險(xiǎn)之中；introuble在困境中；inorder井然有序；inhand在手頭中12.soft軟的；柔軟的?soft作形容詞，意為＂軟的；柔軟的＂，反義詞為hard＂堅(jiān)硬的＂。例：Shelaydownonthesoftandfortablebed.她躺到柔軟舒適的床上。拓展延伸：?soft的其他常見(jiàn)含義：（聲音或音樂(lè)）輕柔的，柔和的。例：Thesingerhasasoftvoice.那名歌手有著柔和的嗓音。（顏色或燈光）柔和的，不耀眼的。反義詞為bright。例：Iliketoreadabookintheparkinthesoftlightoftheafternoon.我喜歡在午后柔和的陽(yáng)光下在公園里讀書(shū)。不強(qiáng)烈的，和緩的。多用來(lái)形容雨、雪、風(fēng)等。例：Softrainstartedfallingandwewentbackhomequickly.細(xì)雨開(kāi)始飄落，我們趕緊回家了。【例題】Thiskindofsweater______verysoft.A.isfeltB.feelsC.feelD.isfeeling13.last.剛過(guò)去的；最近的?last此處作形容詞，意為＂剛過(guò)去的；最近的＂。＂inthelast／past＋一段時(shí)間”表示在過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間里，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。例：Hehaschangedalotinthelast/past5years.在過(guò)去的五年中他變化很大。拓展延伸：?last還可作動(dòng)詞，意為“持續(xù)”，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，常與一段時(shí)間連用。例：Theexcitingspeechlastedtwohours.這場(chǎng)激動(dòng)人心的演講持續(xù)了兩個(gè)小時(shí)?！纠}】用適當(dāng)形式填空Themeeting____(last）for2hours.14.shame.羞恥；羞愧；慚愧?shame此處用作可數(shù)名詞，意為＂羞恥；羞愧；慚愧＂，其常見(jiàn)用法有：It＇sashame（＋that從句）真遺憾例：It＇sashamethatyouhavetoleavesosoon.你這么快就要走了，真遺憾。Whatashame！真遺憾／多可惜?。±篧hatashamewemissedthemeeting！我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了這場(chǎng)會(huì)議，太可惜了！It＇sashametodosth.······真是可惜／真遺憾。例:It'sashametoseesomanyfineoldhousesbeingmadeintoflats.看見(jiàn)這么多漂亮的老房子被改建成公寓，真是太可惜了。拓展延伸:：shame還可用作不可數(shù)名詞，表示＂（因做錯(cuò)事而感到）羞愧；慚愧＂。toone＇sshame意為＂令某人感到慚愧的是＂。例：Tomyshame,Irefusedtolistentohersideofthestory.令我感到慚愧的是，我拒絕聽(tīng)她對(duì)這件事情的解釋。【例題】—Mylibrarycardwaslostyesterday.—___________!A.That’sgoodB.HowluckyC.WhatashameD.That’sallright15.especially尤其；特別；格外意為“尤其，特別，格外”例：Iamespeciallyfondofchocolatebiscuits.我特別愛(ài)吃巧克力餅干。例：Ineverlikelongwalks，especiallyinwinter.我向來(lái)不喜歡長(zhǎng)距離散步，尤其在冬天。especially尤其，特別Millionsofwildflowerscolor?the?mountainespeciallyinAprilandMay.尤其是在四五月份，不計(jì)其數(shù)的野花盛’開(kāi)，山間一片絢爛色彩。specially專(zhuān)門(mén)，特地例：Theboatsarespeciallybuiltforthedisabled.這些船是專(zhuān)門(mén)為殘疾人制造的?！纠}】（安徽中考）TherearemanybeautifulplacestovisitinAnhui,_________MountHuanginautumn.simplyB.finallyC.luckilyD.especially16.opposite(1)opposite作介詞，意為“在……對(duì)面”，相當(dāng)于acrossfrom，常與名詞一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，表方位。例如：

Theyliveoppositethebank.他們住在銀行對(duì)面。

(2)opposite作形容詞，意為“另一邊的；對(duì)面的；相反的”。例如：

Weliveontheoppositesideoftheroad.我們住在馬路對(duì)面。(3)opposite作副詞，意為“在對(duì)面”。例如：

There’sanoldmanlivingopposite.有一個(gè)老人住在對(duì)面。(4)opposite作名詞，意為“相反的人或物；對(duì)立面”，常與介詞of一起使用。例如：

“Tall”istheoppositeof“short”.“高”是“矮”的反義詞。17considerconsider作動(dòng)詞，意為“考慮、認(rèn)為”，它的后面跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞或者從句作賓語(yǔ)。

Pleaseconsidermysuggestion.

請(qǐng)考慮我的建議。

Whydon’tyouconsidervisitingQingDao？

你為什么不考慮去青島參觀？【拓展】后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)可參考以下歸納：完成，實(shí)踐，值得，忙（finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）；考慮，建議，不禁，想（consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike）；錯(cuò)過(guò)，習(xí)慣，（別）放棄（miss,beusedto,giveup）；繼續(xù)，喜歡，（要）介意（keepon,enjoy,mind）?！纠}】1.PeopleconsidertheWesterndiet（飲食）________unhealthy.A．a(chǎn)sB．BeC．tobeD．being2.Weconsider________theworkisnotnecessary.A．todoB．TobedoneC．isdoingD．doing18.keep（kept;kept）保留1、系動(dòng)詞，保持（某種狀態(tài)），其后常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。Pleasekeepquiet/silent!請(qǐng)保持安靜！keephealthy保持健康2、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(1)保管；保存；保留PleasekeepthesethingsformewhileIamaway.(2)贍養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)Iusedtokeepsheepinmychildhood.(3)堅(jiān)持；繼續(xù)接Ving形式作賓語(yǔ)。IfyoukeeppracticingyourspokenEnglish,you'llsoonmakegreatprogress.(4)阻止；阻礙keepsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事Theheavyraindidn'tkeepthemfromwatchingthefootballmatch.(5)保持其后常接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，表示一直保持某種狀態(tài)或某個(gè)動(dòng)作keep+sb/sth+Ving，“讓某人/某物一直干某事。I'msorryI'vekeptyouwaiting.很抱歉，讓你久等了。短語(yǔ)：keeparecord保持記錄，keepintouch(with)保持與……的聯(lián)系keepout(of)把……關(guān)在外面keepone's/aneyeon密切注視keepaway(from)離開(kāi)keepinmind牢記keepone'sword遵守諾言【例題】1.Itisnotpolitetokeepothers_____foralongtime.A.WaitB.towaitC.waitingD.waited2.Halfanhour'sexerciseaday_____doctorsaway.

A.keep

B.keeps

C.iskeepingD.kept3.Theheavyraindidn'tkeepthemfrom_____thefootballmatch.

A.watch

B.watched

C.towatch

D.watching句式精講【模塊二】1.Nowadays，millionsofChineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities如今，數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的中國(guó)人離開(kāi)農(nóng)村到城市去尋找工作。nowadays用作副詞，“目前”，通常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的句子中，且多用于句首或句末作狀語(yǔ)。例：Nowadays，childrenhavemorepocketmoney如今，孩子們有更多的零花錢(qián)。search此處用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“搜索；搜查”searchfor意為“搜尋；尋找”，相當(dāng)于lookfor，.后面的賓語(yǔ)是尋找的目標(biāo)。例：Heissearchingforhissunglasses.他正在找他的太陽(yáng)鏡。[拓展]①search還可用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“搜查；搜身”。searchsb.意為“搜身”；searchsomeplace意為“對(duì)某地進(jìn)行搜查”；searchfor.意為“搜查…找…”。例：Thepolicesearchedthehouseforthethief.警察搜房子抓小偷。search還可用作名詞意為“尋找；搜查；搜尋”。例：Thepolicehavealreadycarriedoutasearch.警察已經(jīng)展開(kāi)搜查?！纠}】—Wasthedoctor________(watch)TVatthattime?—No,he________(search)forsomeusefulinformationontheInternet.2.Amythinksit’shardtosellheroldthings.Itis/was+adj.+todosth.意為“做某事是……的”，todosth.為句子的真正的主語(yǔ)，而it為形式主語(yǔ)，形式主語(yǔ)不能用別的詞來(lái)代替，句中可在形容詞后加forsb.，意為“對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)，做某事是……的”。例如：It’simportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.

對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是相當(dāng)重要的?！就卣埂窟@個(gè)句型中的forsb.有時(shí)也可以用ofsb.二者意義有區(qū)別：(1)在It’s+adj.+forsb.todosth.中，forsb.意為“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)”，句中的形容詞是用來(lái)說(shuō)明todosth.的，形式主語(yǔ)只能用it。例如：

It’snecessaryforth