人教版高一英語必修一Unit2知識梳理重點詞匯解析及單元自測

高中英語必修?一Unit2詞匯精解短語歸納1.不只有一種英?語morethanonekindofEnglis?h2.在一些重要方?面insomeimport?antways3.彼此不同bediffer?entfromoneanothe?r4.與現(xiàn)代英語不?同bediffer?entfrommodern?/presen?tdayEnglis?h5.世界英語worldEnglis?hes6.起著的重要作?用playanimport?antrole/part7.起著越來越重?要的作用playamoreandmore/anincrea?singly?import?antpart/role8.因為它特殊的?作用becaus?eofitsspecia?lrole9.國際語言anintern?ationa?llangua?ge10.在16世紀(jì)末?attheendofthe16thcentur?y11.在17世紀(jì)初?atthebeginn?ingofthe17thcentur?y12.在20世紀(jì)前?期intheearly20thcentur?y13.比以往任何時?候都thaneverbefore?14.即使evenif/eventhough?15.以德語為基礎(chǔ)?bebasedonGerman?16.使用更大的詞?匯量makeuseofawidervocabu?lary17.它自己的特色?itsownidenti?ty18.眾多講英語的?人 averylargenumber?ofEnglis?hspeake?rs19.學(xué)英語的人數(shù)?thenumber?ofpeople?learni?ngEnglis?h20.迅速增長 increa?serapidl?y21.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語 standa?rdEnglis?h22.信不信由你believ?eitornot23.講最好的英語?speakexcell?entEnglis?h24.相鄰的城鎮(zhèn)neighb?oringtowns25.從一個地方搬?到另一個地方?movefromoneplacetoanothe?r26.充分利用不同?的方言makefulluseofdiffer?entdialec?ts27.目前的形勢presen?tsituat?ion28.國際組織anintern?ationa?lorgani?zation?29.詞匯與慣用法?vocabu?laryandusage30.辨認(rèn)出他的口?音recogn?izehisaccent?31.中西部地區(qū)的?方言midwes?terndialec?t(s)32.發(fā)出命令givecomman?ds33.提出客氣的請?求makeapolite?reques?t要點提煉I詞語辨析(旨在提供完形?填空所需材料?)1.voyage?/journe?y/travel?/trip/tour【解釋】voyage?:去國外或較遠(yuǎn)?地方的海上旅?行journe?y:指較遠(yuǎn)的從一?地到另一地旅?行travel?:一系列的旅程?，尤指旅行的概?念trip:(短途)旅行tour:為了公務(wù)、娛樂或教育參?觀多處名勝的?旅行【練習(xí)】用上面所提供?的辨析詞的適?當(dāng)形式填空1).Itistiring?totakealong______?_bytrainfromParistoMoscow?.2).The______?___fromEnglan?dtoAustra?liausedtotakesevera?lmonths?.3).We’llhavetimefora______?toFrance?nextweeken?d.4).Wewentonaguided?______?roundthecastle?.答案: 1).journe?y2).voyage?3).trip4).tour1.recogn?ize/realiz?e/know(1)recogn?ize指原來很熟悉?，經(jīng)過一段時間?的間隔或別的?原因后又重新?認(rèn)出來。(2)realiz?e強(qiáng)調(diào)在經(jīng)過一?個過程后的了?解。(3)know是延續(xù)性動詞?，指互相間十分?熟悉、十分了解[應(yīng)用1](1)Onlyafteryouloseyourhealth?willyou______?______?theimport?anceofhealth?.(2)I've______?______?____Tomforyears.(3)I______?____himassoonashecameintotheroom2.freque?nt/common?/ordina?ry/genera?l/regula?r【解釋】freque?nt經(jīng)常的，時間或間歇很?短的發(fā)生或出?現(xiàn)common?通常的、常發(fā)生的、廣泛使用或眾?所周知的ordina?ry指種類普?通且不能從其?他中加以區(qū)別?的，有時含貶義genera?l一般性的，到處的；不限于領(lǐng)域、地區(qū)或應(yīng)用regula?r平常的；慣例的；習(xí)慣性的、通常的或正常?的【練習(xí)】用上面所提供?的辨析詞的適?當(dāng)形式填空1).Thisisa______?_____proble?m.2).Heoftenmakes______?_____errors?ofjudgme?nt.3)．Lookatthetrain’s______?_____schedu?le.4)．Theviolin?istgaveavery______?_____perfor?mancemarked?byanoccasi?onalmemory?lapse.5)．Asa______?______?ruleIamhomebysix.答案: 1).common? 2).freque?nt3).regula?r4).ordina?ry5).genera?l2.suchas/forexampl?e/thatis/andsoon(1)suchas用于列舉事物?時常放在所列?舉事物與前面?的名詞之間，且其后不用逗?號，直接跟所列舉?的事物，可與like互換?。它所列舉的事?物的數(shù)量不能?等同于前面所?提的事物的總?和，否則就用thatis或namely?。(2)forexampl?e主要用于舉例?說明，其前后多用符?號隔開。其位置比較靈?活，可位于句首、句中或句末(suchas只能位于?所列舉的事物?之前)。(3)thatis相當(dāng)于namely?，它所列舉的事?物的總量等于?前面所提到的?事物的總和。(4)andsoon對幾個事物進(jìn)?行列舉時，在說了其中的?幾個以后，用．..andsoon進(jìn)行概括?，說明還有例子?，但不一一列出?了。[應(yīng)用2](1)Mydaught?erstudie?sfoursubjec?tsinschool?,______?______?，Chines?e,maths,Englis?handP．E.(2)Overco?oking,______?______?，destro?ysmanynutrie?nts.(3)Hecanspeaksomeotherlangua?ges,______?______?French?andGerman?.(4)Therearesomebooks,pens,eraser?s______?______?inmybag.3.especi?ally/specia?lly【解釋】especi?ally意思?是“尤其，特別”，表達(dá)事物的不?尋常或特別重?要specia?lly指為了某一目?的，專門做某事【練習(xí)】用上面所提供?的辨析詞的適?當(dāng)形式填空1).Ourcityisverybeauti?ful,______?_____inspring?.我們城市很美?麗，尤其在春天。2).Hecamehere______?_____toaskyouforhelp.他是專程來這?里向你求助的?。答案:1).especi?ally2).specia?lly4anumber?of/thenumber?of【解釋】anumber?of意思是“若干；許多”thenumber?of意思是“……的數(shù)目”【練習(xí)】用上面所提供?的辨析詞的適?當(dāng)形式填空1).Today______?_____people?learni?ngChines?eintheworldisraisin?grapidl?y.2).______?______?booksinthemarket?areinEnglis?h.答案:1).thenumber?of 2).Anumber?ofII詞性變化?（旨在提供語法?填空所需材料?）1.actual?adj.實際的actual?lyadv.實際上；事實上2.basen.基地；基礎(chǔ)basev.以……為根據(jù)basicadj.基本的3.eastn.東方easter?nadj.東方的；東部的

【練習(xí)】用括號內(nèi)所提?供詞的適當(dāng)形?式填空1)Whatdidhe______?___say?(actual?)2)The______?____costwasmuchhigher?thanwehadexpect?ed.(actual?)3）Myknowle?dgeofphysic?sispretty?______?___.(base)4）Sheusedherfamily?'shistor?yasa______?___forhernovel.(base)5）Thisnovelis______?__onhistor?icalfacts.(base)6）Heisintere?stedin______?__custom?s.(determ?ine)7)Thewindisblowin?gfromthe______?____.(determ?ine)答案:1)actual?ly 2)actual? 3)basic 4)base5)based 6)easter?n 7)east重點詞匯1.presen?tn.禮物adj.在場的；目前的vt.贈送[典例]1).Themounta?inbikeisabirthd?aypresen?tfrommyparent?s.這輛山地自行?車是父母給我?的生日禮物。2).Iamafraid?Ican’thelpyouatpresen?t.恐怕現(xiàn)在我沒?法幫助你。3).Inthepresen?tcase,Iadvise?youtowait.按照目前的情?況，我建議你等等?。[重點用法]atpresen?t=atthepresen?ttime=now目前，現(xiàn)在bepresen?tat出席；到場(反義：beabsent?from)presen?tsb.withsth=presen?tsth.tosb.把某物送給某?人Allthepeople?______?______?______?__(出席晚會的)werehersuppor?ters.[練習(xí)]中譯英1).所有（那些）在場者一眼就?看出那個錯誤?。2).這本書是哥哥?贈送給我的。答案:1).Themistak?ewasobviou?stoall(those)presen?t.2).Thisbookwasapresen?tfrommybrothe?r.2.comman?dn.&v.命令；指令；掌握1).Theoffice?rcomman?dedhissoldie?rstofire.那名軍官命令?士兵們開火。[重點用法]comman?dsb.todosth命令某人做某?事beunderthecomman?dof由…指揮,由…控制beincomman?dof控制…beatone’scomman?d聽任某人支配?have/takecomman?dof…指揮…[特別提醒]comman?d后接tha?t從句時要用?虛擬語氣[練習(xí)]用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~?填空1).Forthefirsttimeinyears,shefelt______?comman?dofherlife.2).Thearmyis______?____theking’sdirect?comman?d.3).Thepolice?arrive?dandtookcomman?d______?__thesituat?ion.答案:1).in2).under3).of3.reques?tn.&v.請求；要求[典例]1).Yourreques?tswillbegrante?d.你的請求能夠?獲準(zhǔn)。.2).Ireques?tedhimtohelp.我請求他幫忙?。[重點用法]reques?tsb.todosth.要求某人做某?事reques?tthatsb(should?)do要求某人做某?事⑴Hereques?tedme______?__(write)aletter?ofrecomm?endati?on.⑵Hereques?tedthatI______?______?____(write)aletter?ofrecomm?endati?on.⑶Thepassen?gers______?______?_(reques?t)toshowtheirpasspo?rts.[練習(xí)]中譯英。1).我是（特別）應(yīng)你要求而來?。2).請不要吸煙。答案:1).Icameatyour(specia?l)reques?t. 2).Youare(kindly?)reques?tednottosmoke.擴(kuò)展===聯(lián)想：像comma?nd一樣，其后的名詞性?從句的謂語用?“(should?)+動詞原形”的常用詞有：一個“堅持(insist?)”；兩個“命令(order，comman?d)”；三個“建議(sugges?t，advise?，propos?e)”；四個“要求(demand?，ask，requir?e，reques?t)”；4.recogn?izevt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)[典例]1).Irecogn?izedherbyherredhat.我根據(jù)她的紅?色帽子認(rèn)出了?她。2).Everyo?nerecogn?izedhimtobethelawful?heir/asthelawful?heir.大家都承認(rèn)他?為合法繼承人?。[重點用法]recogn?ize…bysth認(rèn)出或識別某?人/某事物recogn?ize…assth承認(rèn)某人/某事物是recogn?ize…tobe承認(rèn)…是recogn?ize+賓語從句意識到；承認(rèn)⑴Irecogn?izehim___?______?______?______?_.(他是個聰明人?).⑵Though?theyhadn’tmetformanyyears，they______?___(認(rèn)出了對方)atthefirstsight.[練習(xí)]中譯英1).人們都承認(rèn)他?是他們理所當(dāng)?然的領(lǐng)袖。2).我認(rèn)出他是我?朋友的哥哥。答案:1).Heisrecogn?izedtobetheirnatura?lleader?.2).Irecogn?izedhimasmyfriend?’sbrothe?r.5.straig?htadj.筆直的；正直的adv.直接；挺直[典例]1).Thisisastraig?htroad.這是一條直路?。2).Shewentstraig?htfromschool?touniver?sity.她中學(xué)一畢業(yè)?就馬上進(jìn)了大?學(xué)。[練習(xí)]中譯英1).我的領(lǐng)帶系得?正不正?2).一直往前看。答案:1).Ismytiestraig?ht?2).Lookstraig?htahead.6.blockvt.堵塞；阻礙n.街區(qū)；木塊；石塊[典例]1).Helivesthreeblocks?awayfromhere.他住的地方與?此處相隔三條?街.2).Alargecrowdblocke?dthecorrid?orsandexits.人群把走廊和?出口都堵死了?[重點用法]ablockof一大塊blockout堵住blockoff封鎖；封閉blockup堵塞；阻礙[練習(xí)]中譯英1).他們在繞樓群?散步。2).大雪阻塞了所?有通往蘇格蘭?的道路。答案:1).Theyaretaking?awalkroundtheblock.2).Heavysnowisblocki?ngallroadsintoScotla?nd.7、actual?lyadv.實際上；事實上相近詞匯：infact\asamatter?offact8．gradua?ladj.逐漸的，逐步的→gradua?llyadv.逐漸地，逐步地9.．native?adj.本地的，出生地的；天賦的n.本地人；出生于某國的?人benative?to...原產(chǎn)于某地one’snative?countr?y/land本國，祖國native?place出生地one’snative?langua?ge本國語，本族語，母語anative?of當(dāng)?shù)厝?產(chǎn)于……的動/植物[即學(xué)即練1](1)Chinaisour______?______?，andChines?eisour______?______?.中國是我們的?祖國，漢語是我們的?母語。(2)Thetiger______?______?______?India.這種虎產(chǎn)于印?度。(3)Heis______?______?______?Beijin?g.他是北京人。答案.native?countr?y;native?langua?ge；isnative?to；anative?of重點詞組（旨在提供綜合?運用所需材料?）1.comeup走近；上來；提出[典例]1).Thelittle?cameuptothestrang?erandshowed?himhowtogettothepolice?statio?n.小男孩向陌生?人走去，并告訴他去警?察局的路。3).Itiscertai?nthatthequesti?onwillcomeupatthemeetin?g.這個問題在會?議上一定會被?提出來的。5).Iamafraid?someth?ingurgent?hascomeup.恐怕發(fā)生了什?么急事。[短語歸納]comeacross?邂逅comeabout發(fā)?生comeat向…撲來,攻擊 comefrom來自comeout出版;開花；結(jié)果是 comeupwith想出?comeround繞道而來 comedown落下?,塌下[練習(xí)]用come構(gòu)?成的詞組填空?。1).Thehunter?walked?across?theforest?whensudden?lyabear______?_him.2).Themagazi?ne______?____onceamonth.3).Iwishyoucan______?_____toEnglan?donyourholida?y.4).Theengine?ershas______?______?__newwaysofsaving?energy?.5).They______?_____anoldschool?friend?inthestreet?thismornin?g.答案:1).cameat2).comesout3).comeover 4).comeupwith 5).cameacross?2.makeuseof利用；使用[典例]1).Yououghttomakegooduseofanyopport?unitytopracti?seEnglis?h.你應(yīng)該好好利?用機(jī)會練習(xí)英?語。[短語歸納]makegooduseof好好利用 makefulluseof充分利用makethebest/mostof充分利用[練習(xí)]1).要充分利用一?切機(jī)會說英語?。2).我們要很好地?發(fā)揮她的才能?。答案:1).Makefulluseofeverychance?youhavetospeakEnglis?h.2).Wewillmakegooduseofhertalent?s.3.suchas例如；像這種的1).SuchpoetsasKeatsandShelle?ywroteRomant?icpoetry?.有些詩人,如濟(jì)慈和雪萊?,寫的是浪漫主?義的詩歌2).Wildflower?ssuchasorchid?sandprimro?sesarebecomi?ngrare.蘭花和報春花?之類的野花越?來越少了[練習(xí)]用suchas或for?exampl?e填空1).Ilikedrinks?______?____teaandsoda.2).Thereport?isincomp?lete;itdoesn’tinclud?esalesinFrance?,______?__.答案:1)suchas 2).Forexampl?e4.playapart(in)扮演一個角色?；參與[典例]1).Sheplaysanactive?partinlocalpoliti?cs.她積極參與地?方政治活動。2).Sheplayed?amajorpartinthesucces?softhescheme?.她對該計劃的?成功起了重要?作用。翻譯：中國在當(dāng)今世?界扮演著重要?的角色。__Chin?aisplayin?ganimport?antpart/role_intheworldtoday.[短語歸納]takepart(insth)參加,參與（某事物forthemostpart整體上;通常;多半thebestpartofsth（某事物的）絕大部分（尤指一段時間?）formypart就我?來說[練習(xí)]中譯英1).有多少國家要?參加（世界杯賽）？2).對我來說,到哪兒吃飯都?無所謂。答案:1).Howmanycountr?ieswillbetaking?part(intheWorldCup)? 2).Formypart,Idon'tmindwhereweeat.6.becaus?eof因為；由于[典例]1).Theyareherebecaus?eofus.他們是因為我?們來這里的。[短語歸納]becaus?eof是復(fù)合介詞。becaus?e是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語?從句。[練習(xí)]⑴Hecamelatetoschool?again______?_hegotuptoolate.⑵Thegirlcried______?____whattheteache?rsaid.⑶wehavetocancel?ourtrip______?___thebadweathe?r.7.baseon…以…為基礎(chǔ)e.gThemovieisbasedonfacts7．everbefore?從前8．evenif/though?即使9．bebasedon以……為基礎(chǔ)10．overtime長期以來11．intheearlydays在早期12．thesameas相同于13.Believ?eitornot信不信?由你14.anumber?of＋N.許多,大量.作主語時,謂語用復(fù)數(shù).thenumber?of＋N.…的數(shù)量.作主語時,謂語用單數(shù)EgAnumber?ofpeople?havereadthisnovel.Thenumber?ofpeople?hereis50.2..單詞拼寫1．Alotofstuden?tsp_____?______?____atthemeetin?gtookpartinthediscus?sion.2．Thetalltreewasstruck?byl_____?______?andbroke.3．Therobber?wascaught?whenhewasfillin?ghiscarwithp_____?_____atthefillin?gstatio?n.4．Goupinane_____?______?____tothefifthfloor.5．Helooked?calm,buta_____?_____hewasverynervou?s6．Intheword“happy”the______?___(重音)isonthefirstsyllab?le.7．Hehasapoor______?______?_____(詞匯),sohecan'texpres?shimsel?fcorrec?tly.8．Thegentle?mendisclo?sedtheirown______?____(身份)．9．Anyone?whowantstolearnEnglis?hwellmustrememb?erthe______?_____(慣用法)ofEnglis?h.10．Though?heisnota______?_____(本國的)Englis?hspeake?r,hecanspeakEnglis?hveryfluent?ly.3..單項選擇1．(2009·安徽卷)－Doyouthinkit’sagoodideatomakefriend?swithyourstuden?ts?－______?，Ido.Ithinkit’sagreatidea.A．Really? B．Obviou?sly C．Actual?ly D．Genera?lly2．Hisunclemadeafilm______?hisstoryinhischildh?ood.A．basedon B．wasbasedonC．basing?on D．tobaseon3．(2010·山東濰坊質(zhì)量?監(jiān)測)Itcouldbejudged?fromhereyes______?shewasverysatisf?iedwithherperfor?mance.A．what B．whichC．that D．where4．Themoneycollec?tedshould?bemadegooduse______?thepeople?inSichua?nProvin?cewhosuffer?edalotintheearthq?uake.A．ofhelpin?g B．tohelpC．tohelpin?g D．oftohelp5．During?theflight?totheMoon,Chang’eISatell?ite______?adjust?sherdirect?ionsothatshecangointoherprogra?mmedorbitandthencircle?around?itatthemostapprop?riateangle(角度)．A．eventu?ally B．gradua?llyC．consta?ntly D．contin?uously?6．I’mChines?eandIdofeel______?Chines?elangua?geis______?mostbeauti?fullangua?ge.What’syouropinio?n?A．the;a B．/;theC．the;/ D．/;a7．______?asaseriou?sproble?matpresen?t,ithasdrawnalotofpeople?’sattent?ion.A．Recogn?ize B．Recogn?izedC．Beingrecogn?ized D．Having?recogn?ized8．Thearmyreceiv?edacomman?dthatthey______?tothefrontimmedi?ately.A．wouldmarch B．mustmarchC．should?march D．weremarchi?ng9．Thenewly－founde?dchessclubformal?ly______?ustoattend?theopenin?gceremo?ny.A．reques?ted B．requir?edC．demand?ed D．comman?ded10．(2009·江西一模)Films,______?theoneyoutoldmeaboutyester?dayortheonethatwillbeon,______?notworthseeing?.A．includ?ing;is B．a(chǎn)swellas;areC．beside?s;is D．suchas;are11．ThepartthatChina______?intheintern?ationa?laffair?s______?intheintern?ationa?lsociet?y.A．plays;iswidely?praise?dB．plays;iswidepraise?dC．takes;widely?praise?dD．takes;widepraise?d12．______?，asleepy?driver?killed?twenty?－twostuden?tsandteache?rsinatraffi?caccide?ntinShanxi?Provin?ce.A．What'smore