新聞詞匯特點

前詞首部+后詞尾部literati:文人學士bureaucrat:官僚主義者前詞全部+后詞尾部discotheque:discoanalyzer:分析儀welfare:福利前詞首部+后詞全部script:手稿ecology:生態(tài)thug:惡棍journal:定期刊物trash:垃圾can:箱，罐前詞首部+后詞首部intelligence:情報memorandum:備忘錄comedy:喜劇-er構詞(SP49/FP139)-er：做…的人/機器babyboom:嬰兒潮term:任期thinktank:智囊團track:足跡，軌跡gloom:憂郁doom:世界末日hip:臀部hug:緊擁trot:快步走報刊用喻(SP57/FP207)政治關系常用性愛等相關的比喻表達court:追求flirt:調情proposition:建議沖突、競賽等常用暴力、戰(zhàn)爭等有關的比喻表達inflation:通貨膨脹corruption:腐敗turf:地盤propaganda:宣傳常用俚語（SP89/FP121）buckbustkneejerkpropoormouthjawbonecoollowdownegotripyuckgreenmuggerpinkslipbuddynerdjackuphypeturn-onquickfixupscalesobstuffnabnutsgoody-goodybingegoofprofuptightnukeposhsavvymuckrakingyuppiesgo-goodds-onwhoppingcome-onfoodiekillerrookie詞語的文化內涵（SP102）junkfood:垃圾食品couchpotato:總日懶散在家的人peasant,politics,propaganda都具有貶義cowboy:牛仔sintaxes:對煙、酒、賭博等所征收的稅politicalcampaign:競選運動seniorcitizen:老年人street-walker:妓女do-gooder:不現(xiàn)實的慈善家baby-kisser:善于籠絡人心的政客easymeat:容易受騙的人openhouse:開放參觀日call-girl:應召女郎whistle-blower:告密者busybody:愛管閑事的人hardmoney:合法政治選金gaymarriage:同性婚姻復合詞（SP116/FP165）復合名詞identitycrisiswebsitecheckbookparticipationretirementbabysuicidebomberLewinskyeffectdepthinterviewhouseboat復合形容詞war-wearytop-heavysizzlinghotbitter-sweetwringwetfreezingcold復合動詞walletX-rayhandcarryvacuumcleanmassproducegreenwashfast-talktape-recordteam-teach派生構詞（SP123/FP72）派生構詞就是利用前、后綴構成新的詞。post-:…之后post-nationalism:后民族主義post-modernismpost-graduate-ish:…的（形容詞后綴）/…人（名詞）foolish,greenish,Polish,Spanish-tion:將動詞改變名詞globalization,globalizesimplification,simplify-able:能…（形容詞）xeroxablelivableportable-er:…人/機器（名詞）dinerencoder-less:沒有…（形容詞）smokelessthanklesstopless-ise/-ize:使…（動詞）computerizemechanizeauthorize-ism:…主義/歧視（名詞）ageism,sexism,heightism,weightism,intelligencismMarxism,idealism,realism,modernism-wise:在…方面（副詞）personalitywiseexperiencewisebudgetwiseweatherwise,anticlockwiseanti-:反，抗，消除anti-humananti-inflationantiheroantiartdis-:非…disinformationdisinflationnon-:非，無，不nonpoliticalnonprofitnoneventnonpersonout-:超過，多于outgunoutscoreoutproduceover-:超過，過多overcapacityoverkilloverpurchasepro-:贊成…pro-gunpro-lifepro-reforminfo-:信息infoglutinfo-techinfoweaponFromtheFirstEdition-ia(…地界)suburbia市郊exurbia遠郊-eteria/-teria（低檔的，小規(guī)模經(jīng)營的…）luncheteria小飯店fruiteria小水果店roadeteria路邊小食攤de-（離開，除去）detrain下火車deregulation取消規(guī)定debug拆除竊聽裝置dis-（否定，相反）disassemble拆卸disinflation通縮eco-（生態(tài)）ecocrisis生態(tài)危機ecocide生態(tài)滅絕non-（非，不重要的）nonpolitical非政治的nonevent不重要的事nonbook無價值的書under-（低于，少于）underfeed不喂飽underreport低報un-（非…）un-American不像美國人的-wise（在…方面）weatherwise就天氣方面而言budgetwise就預算方面而言securitywise就安全方面而言mini-(微型的）minicam小型照相機miniproject小工程minisurvey小規(guī)模調查-gate（丑聞）Watergate水門事件Monicagate克林頓的性丑聞美國社會群體相關詞語（SP149）按種族劃分whitepeopleblackpeople/Afro-AmericansHispanicsAsian-AmericansAmerindians按地位劃分upperclassuppermiddleclassmiddleclasslowermiddleclasslowerclass按職業(yè)劃分white-collarblue-collargray-collarpink-collartelecommuters/open-collarsteel-collar按年代劃分MissionaryGenerationLostGenerationG.I.GenerationSilentGenerationBabyBoomGenerationThirteenthGenerationMillenniumGeneration詞性轉化（SP157/FP225）名詞——動詞Hemouthedfinewordsaboutfriendship.動詞——名詞Liketoday’shavesandhavenots,wewillhaveasocietyoftheknowsandknownots.形容詞——名詞undesirablesunreachablesvariablesgaysnever-marriedsunwantedsperishablespin-upsunreadablesundecidesretiredstheyoungmarrieds詞義變化（SP180）詞義擴大economyorientationarriveplaceintrovertbottom-linewattvoltxerox詞義縮小exploitationpilltheHilltheCitywebviruspageserveryouthfailureterror詞義降格peasantvulgarpropagandagayhussyvillain詞義升格nimbleshrewdcraftsmanparadisenaturalgreen網(wǎng)絡新詞常用詞綴（SP187）E-:電子…EE-paperE-businessE-currencyhyper-:超…h(huán)yperlinkhyperaccesshypertexthypermediacyber-:電腦，網(wǎng)絡cyberculturecybercommunitycyber-crimecyber-friendcyber-starcyber-cafécyberspeakcybernaut委婉語（SP201）縮小性委婉語生老病死Sheisexpecting.=Sheispregnant.passaway,depart=dieelderlypeople,seniorcitizens=oldpeople貧窮needy,underprivileged,disadvantaged=poorundocumentedworkers=illegalimmigrantworker犯罪surreptitiousentry=burglarycorrectionalcenter=prison性makelove=havesexprivateparts=sexualorgans夸張性委婉語機構university=collegeindustry=smallcompanies職業(yè)beautician=hairdresserlandscaper=gardenersuperintendant=janitor政治、軍事recession=economiccrisisindustrialaction/dispute=strikesubstandardhousing=slumwelfare=reliefinnercity=ghettoinvasion=aggression習語活用（SP210/FP56）節(jié)縮（省詞）Employersfosternose-to-the-grindstonestrategies.foster:抱著，懷有nose-to-the-grindstone來自習語keepone’snosetothegrindstone（埋頭苦干）擴展（加詞）InsideRosalyn’svelvetgloveisastainlesssteelhand.velvetglove:天鵝絨手套stainlesssteel:不銹鋼套用（改詞）Salariesdidincrease.ButsodidtheracetokeepupwiththeWangs.keepupwiththeJoneses:跟上潮流拆用Theyhaveamountainofhigh-resoundingresolveandamolehillofresults.resounding:響亮的resolve:決心molehill:鼴鼠洞makeamountainoutofamolehill:小題大做名詞定語（SP216/FP159）使用名詞定語是為了savespacenotiondetectionchip:意念探測芯片locationtechnology:定位技術multimediaphoneservice:多媒體電話服務aftermarketautomobileGPSsystem:配件市場上出售的汽車全球定位系統(tǒng)dietpill:減肥藥片boomgeneration:嬰兒潮一代powergameturfwarpropertytaxtubestrikeperkcitypovertylineinterestgroupminimumwagepressuregroupconveniencefoodhealthinsurancestonekillerTVviolencescaretalkremarriageratedrugdealersexworkeremergencysheltersupervisionagencyrefugeelawbreastcancersurgeryraceriotworkplacecrimejobtrainingchildabusecardboardcondoswelfaremotherguncontrollawstreetgangabortionadvocateteensexclothingdrivediscountstorepanicbuying前置定語（SP224/FP17）不用定語從句，而用前置定語，目的是為了savespace。theseven-cm-long,pointy-earednightstalker:七厘米長、耳朵漸漸的黑夜殺手stroke-ravagedtissues:因中風而受到破壞的組織poison-derivedexperimentaldrugs:用毒素制作的還處于試驗階段的藥品anall-maleclubonce-poorfarmers名詞短語作前置定語mom-and-popstoresadead-endjoblong-fiberfoodwaste-to-energypowerplant動詞短語作前置定語astand-upmeetingstart-upcostsdrive-byshootingago-with-the-streamperson形容詞短語作前置定語adecade-longshortagewar-wearycitizensfire-proofmaterialssugar-freedrink介詞短語作前置定語on-the-jobproblemson-siteserviceon-the-spotinvestigationunder-the-counterdealings分詞短語作前置定語turned-onaudienceland-basedmissilesexually-transmitteddiseasefull-blowncase句子作前置定語aseeing-is-believingattitudethethree-strikes-you’re-outlaw稱號、職務前置（SP268/FP123）federaljudge:聯(lián)邦法官…Frenchdemographer:法國人口統(tǒng)計學家…Rallyleader:集會的組織者Syndicatedcolumnist:報業(yè)辛迪加專欄作家CornellUniversitylaboreconomist:康奈爾大學人力經(jīng)濟學家FormerCityUniversityofNewYorksociologist:前任紐約城市大學社會學家ThelateHarvardMedicalSchoolpsychiatryprofessor:已故哈佛醫(yī)學院精神病學教授核軍備有關術語（SP240/FP193）strategic:戰(zhàn)略的tactical:戰(zhàn)術的intercontinental:洲際的ballistic:彈道的intermediate:中遠程的launch:發(fā)射warhead:彈頭initiative:主動，主動權借代（SP287/FP240）CapitolHill/TheHill/TheCapitol:美國國會WhiteHouse:（白宮）美國政府Whitehall:（白廳）英國政府Elysee:（愛麗舍宮）法國政府WallStreet:金融業(yè)MadisonStreet:廣告業(yè)Broadway:戲劇業(yè)Hollywood:電影業(yè)thebear:蘇聯(lián)BigApple:紐約DiceCity:拉斯維加斯MotorCity:底特律Ivan:俄羅斯人Wang:中國人JohnBull:英國人JohnDoe:無名氏借代thebar–thelegalprofessionDowningStreet–theBritishGovernmenttheFleetStreet–theBritishpressBuckinghamPalace–theBritishroyalfamilyElephant–theAmericanRepublicanPartyDonkey–theAmericanDemocraticPartythePentagon–theU.S.militaryestablishmentScotlandYard–theLondonpoliceFoggyBottom–theU.S.StateDepartmentWashington–theU.S.governmentKremlin–theRussiangovernment說意動詞（SP294/FP114）GrandMosque:大清真寺grumble:抱怨地說invoke:祈求，召喚rioter:參加暴亂的人lament:悲傷地說hasten:急促地說address:向…致辭theANC:非洲民族會議revert:回到fanatics:狂熱者draft:起草holler:大聲叫喊kisshisass:踢他的屁股sputter:激動地說（說到口沫橫飛）winded:喘氣的shrug:聳肩縮略詞（SP302/FP253）截短詞：截取原詞的某個音節(jié)doc,demob,hood,dozer,info,net,techpop,vet,semis,teens,ex首字母縮寫CD,GM,HOV,CPX,WTO,UN,首字母縮拼DIMP,ROM,UFO,NOW,DINK,NATO,APEC,WHO,OPEC借詞（SP311）借詞：borrowing，從別的語言