考研英語閱讀模擬201

［模擬］考研英語閱讀模擬201

多項選擇

Whenweconductforeigntrade,theimportanceofunderstandingthe

languageofacountrycannotbeunderestimated.Thesuccessfulmarketer

mustachieveexportcommunicationwhichrequiresathoroughunderstanding

ofthelanguageaswellastheabilitytospeakit.Thosewhodealwith

advertisingshouldbeconcernedlesswithobviousdifferencesbetween

languagesandmorewiththeexactmeaningsexpressed.

Adictionarytranslationisnotthesameasanidiomatic,

interpretation,andseldomwillthedictionarytranslationmeettheneeds.

Anationalproducerofsoftdrinkshadthecompany，sbrandnameimpressed

inChinesecharacterswhichwerephonetically（按照發(fā)音地）accurate.It

wasdiscoveredlater,however,thatthetranslation，sliteralmeaningwas

afemalehorsefattenedwithwax,“hardlytheimagethecompanysought

todescribe.Socarelesslytranslatedadvertisingstatementsnotonly

losetheirintendedmeaningbutcansuggestsomethingverydifferent

includingsomethingoffensiveorridiculous.Sometimes,whatwas

translatedwasnotanimagethecompanieshadinmindfortheirproducts.

Manypeoplebelievethattofullyappreciatethetruemeaningofalanguage

itisnecessarytolivewiththelanguageforyears.Whetherornotthis

isthecase,foreignmarketersshouldnevertakeitforgrantedthatthey

areaffectivelycommunicatinginanotherlanguage.

a

第i題:

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttopicforthepassage?

A.IdiomaticMeaningsofLanguages

B.LanguageProblemsinForeignTrade

C.TranslationFailuresinForeignTrade

D.CultureDifferencebetweenLanguages

參考答案：B

答案解析：

注釋：本文主要說的是對外貿易中的語言問題；A和D只是分別在一段和三段中

提到的細節(jié)問題，而C是第二段所舉的一些例子。

第2題：

Toanadvertiser,whichoneshouldtheypaymoreattentionto?

A.Understandingofalanguage.

i

B.Abilitytospeakalanguage.

C.Obviousdifferencesbetweenlanguages.

D.Thedifferentidiomaticexpressionsbetweenlanguages.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

注釋：見第一段最后一句話Thosewhodealwithadvertisingshouldbe

concerned...morewiththeexactmeaningsexpressed.

第3題：

Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

A.Besttranslationshouldbetheintentoftheoriginalstatement.

B.Adictionarytranslationmaynotconveythetruemeaningofanidiom.

C.Adictionarywillmeettheneeds.

D.BothAandC.

參考答案：B

答案解析：

注釋：本段中舉出的所有例子都有說明，僅靠字典進行的直譯很有可能歪曲原文

的意思。應該瀏覽短文，得出主題大意。

第4題：

Intermsofcommunicationinanotherlanguage,marketersshouldnotbe

too.

A.proud

B.modest

C.self-confident

D.happy

參考答案：C

答案解析：

注釋：見原文第二段最后一句：..foreignmarketersshouldnevertakeit

forgrantedthattheyareaffectivelycommunicatinginanotherlanguage.”

第5題：

Thefirstsentence"???，theimportanceofunderstandingthelanguageof

acountrycannotbeunderestimated."mostprobablymeans.

A.Understandingofthelanguageofacountryisextremelyimportant

B.Understandingofthelanguageofacountryislessimportant

C.Notenoughimportanceisattachedtotheunderstandingofthe

languageofacountry

D.Enoughimportanceisattachedtotheunderstandingofthelanguage

ofacountry

2

參考答案：A

答案解析：

注釋：此句的“not...under-"為雙否定結構，意思是肯定的，所以A選項為最

佳答案。其他選項的意思有誤或原文中沒有涉及。

Withournation，seconomiccompetitivenessslackeningandour

productivitylevelsnotkeepingpacewithourinternationalcompetitors,

employersandpolicymakershavecalledforchangesandimprovementsin

howourschoolspreparestudents.Inmultiplesurveys,employerspoint

toinadequaciesinacademicskillsandworkreadinessamongworkers,

includingthelackofintegrityandofwillingnesstoassume

responsibilityandworkcooperatively.Theyalsopointtotheincreasing

needforworkerstobelifelonglearners一aneedgeneratedbythe

increasingspeedwithwhichskillsbecomeobsoleteandbythefrequent

changesinjobsthataretypicallymadebyworkersduringtheirlifetimes

(oneinfiveworkersleavetheirjobsonceeveryfiveyearsandyounger

workersevenmoreoften).AccordingtotheCommitteeforEconomic

Development,uEmployersinbothlargeandsmallbusinessesdecrythelack

ofpreparationforworkamongthenation'shighschoolgraduates.Toomany

studentslackreading,writing,andappropriatebehavioronthejob.Nor

havetheylearnedhowtolearn,howtosolveproblems,makedecisions,

orsetpriorities.”Thisviewofyoungworkerscontributestotheirpoor

prospectsinthelabormarketasemployersseektohireolder,more

experiencedworkers,evenforentry-levelpositions.

Yetstudentshavecorrectlyascertainedthatthereislittle,

ifany,relationshipbetweenhowwelltheydoinschoolandhowlikely

theyaretogetahigh-skill,high-payjob,orevenajobthatpaysgood

studentsmorethantheircounterpartswhodolesswellinschool.

Employersrarelybothertochecktheacademiccredentialsofyoungjob

applicants,nordoestheUShaveanexternallygradedcompetency

assessmentsystem,whichiskeytothesecondaryschoolcurriculum,as

domostotherindustrializednations.TheUSDepartmentofLabor

Secretary'sCommissiononAchievingNecessarySkills(SCANS)recentlymade

astartondevelopingsuchasystembyidentifyingthefivecompetencies

thateffectiveworkerscanproductivelyuseandthethree-partfoundation

ofskillsandpersonalqualitiesthatcompetencerequires.

第6題：

Employersandpolicymakerscallforimprovementsineducationbecause

A.internationalcompetitiondemandscapableandresponsibleworkers

3

B.economiccompetitivenessdemandsstudentswithadvancedtechnology

C.productivitycannotbefurtherraisedwiththepresenteducational

level

D.schoolsoveremphasizeworkingskillsattheexpenseofacademic

skills

參考答案：A

答案解析：

第一段第一、第二句指出，隨著我國的經濟競爭力的減弱，生產力水平落后于我

們的國際競爭對手，雇主和政策制定者要求改變并改善學校教育學生的方式。多

項調查顯示，雇主認為自己的雇工學業(yè)水平不夠，工作準備不足，包括缺乏誠懇

的態(tài)度，不愿意承擔責任，工作缺乏合作精神。

第7題：

Lifelonglearningismadeanecessitybythe______.

A.failureofschoolstoproducequalifiedstudents

B.needoftheworkerstoconstantlyrenewtheirskills

C.lackofpreparationforworkonthepartofthestudents

D.threatimpendingunemploymentimposesonskilledworkers

參考答案：B

答案解析：

根據第一段第三句，雇主們也指出，工人越來越需要終身學習，這一需要產生于：

技能更新快，工人一生可能多次更換工作。

第8題：

Whichofthefollowingismentionedasaresultoftheemployers，

disappointmentwithschoolgraduates?

A.Thenationlackseconomiccompetitiveness.

B.Productivitylevelscannotberaisedsubstantially.

C.Manyjobpositionsareleftunfilled.

D.Employersarereluctanttohireschoolgraduates.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

第一段最后一句提到，對年輕工人的這種看法導致了他們就業(yè)前景不樂觀，雇主

寧愿去雇歲數大點、更有經驗的工人，即使在低層崗位也是這樣。

第9題：

Infaceofaccusation,schoolgraduatesdefendthemselvesbysaying

A.examinationresultscanneverreflectthetruecapabilityof

students

B.goodacademicachievementisnoguaranteeforhigh-payjobs

4

C.jobperformancehasnothingtodowithhowwelltheydoinschool

D.highschoolsneverattachmuchimportancetotrainingtheirhi-tech

skills

參考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]意為：學業(yè)好未必能找到高薪水的工作。第二段第一句提到，在學生看來一

—他們這樣看也沒錯，他們的學業(yè)和能否找到高技能、高薪水的工作之間幾乎沒

有什么關系。

第10題：

Wecanspeculatethat,aftertheSCANShasdevelopedtheassessmentsystem,

itislikelythat.

A.improvementswillbemadeinhowschoolspreparestudents

B.workerswillcertainlyincreasetheircompetitivenessand

productivity

C.theacademicfoundationofskillswillbemademoresolid

D.morejobopportunitieswillbeopenedforschoolgraduates

參考答案：A

答案解析：

第二段第二句提到，不像多數其他工業(yè)化國家一樣，美國沒有一種外在的等級水

平評估體系，這對中學的教學方案至關重要。言外之意，如果有這樣一種體系，

中學教育就有了指導方向。第三句提到，SCANS最近正在研究這樣一種體系，確

認出工人能有效使用的五種能力水平以及達到這種能力所需要的由三部分組成

的技能和素質基礎。

ThetutorswhotaughttheCPStutorialsfoundittobeapositive

experience.TheCPStutorsallhadteachingexperiencebutpreviouslyhad

adoptedtheumini-lecture,,approachtoteachingintutorials.Atthe

beginningoftheproject,onetutorwasverycommittedandenthusiastic,

buttheothertwowereguardedanduncertainaboutthelikelyoutcomeof

theproject.Thisledtospeculationaboutpossibleobstaclessuchas

studentantagonism,studentunwillingnesstoparticipate,andstudentlack

ofpreparation.Bytheendoftheninthweek,however,allCPStutors

appearedenthusiasticabouttheproject.Onenotedthatthewhole

atmosphereofatutorialistotallydifferentnow...itissomuchbetter

whenyoucanwalkaroundthegroupsandjustsitwiththemforfiveminutes

一mostofthelearninggoesonwhenyouaresittingtheretalkingto

individualgroupsratherthantothewholeclass...Itisbettertoexplain

tosmallgroups,asevenifitclickswithonlyonepersoninthegroup

theycanthenexplainittoeveryoneelse.

CPStutorsagreedthattheywereenjoyingtutoringmorethan

theyhaddoneinthepastorinothersubjectsinwhichtheywerecurrently

5

tutoring.Theyattributedthisnewlevelofsatisfactiontothereduced

stress,becausetheywerenolongerthecenterofattentionandtothe

opportunitytointeractwithstudentsinamoreinformalatmosphere.They

believedthatstudentswereateasewiththemandwitheachotherandwere,

therefore,morewillingtoaskandanswerquestions.Inthissupportive

andcongenialsituation,studentsweremorelikelytotakerisks.

CPStutorsobservedthatstudentswerebetterpreparedfor

tutorialscomparedwithotherstudentstheyhadtaught,especiallyin

relationtotheirreadingoftheprescribedtextbook.Onetutorcommented

thattheidentificationofkeyconceptsinthereadingguidewasusedby

somestudentsasaframeworkforsummarydevelopment.Thisobservation

wassupportedbystudentsinasubject-reviewmeetingheldintheeighth

weekofthesemester.

Tutorialobservationsindicatedthattheclassroomdynamics

thatdevelopedduringthesemesterwereverydifferentintheCPSandTRAD

tutorials.AnimportantandconsistentlyobservedfeatureoftheCPS

tutorialswastheapparentlyhigherlevelsofstudentparticipationand

thesophisticationofthequestionsaskedbystudentscomparedwiththe

TRADtutorials.ThefourTRADtutorialswereuniforminteachingstyle

一allweresolution-givingmini-lectures.Studentparticipationwas

limitedtoansweringquestionsthatoftenrequiredsinglewordanswers

andmanystudentsremainedsilentthroughoutthetutorial.

a

第11題:

IntheCPStutorials,.

A.theteachersmeetthestudentsonone-to-onebasis

B.thestudentsteacheachotherwithouttheteachers'guidance

C.theclassisorganizedinamini-instructionapproach

D.thestudentsgetinstructionfromaPCinsteadfromhumanteachers

參考答案：C

答案解析：

[C]意為：采用小班的形式上課。第一段第二句提到，CPS的教員都有

教學經驗，以前都采用過“小班”形式指導過學生。另請參閱第一段最后一句。

第12題:

Atfirst,someteacherswereskepticalabouttheCPSprojectbecausethey

wereafraid.

A.theymightmeetwithresistancefromthestudentstosuch

instruction

B.theywerenotqualifiedforsuchaformatofinstruction

6

C.theywerenotusedtoteachingstudentsinsmall-groupformats

D.moretimewouldbewastedingivingmini-lectures

參考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]意為：在這樣的教學中他們可能遇到來自學生的阻力。第一段第三句

提到，在這個項目的最初階段，一個教員非常投入、非常熱情，但是，另外兩個

存有戒心，對于這個項目會產生什么樣的結果感到沒有把握。這使他們預料他們

可能遇到阻力，如學生反對、參與不積極、學生準備不充分等。

第13題：

MostteachersattributethesuccessoftheCPSprojectto.

A.theenthusiasmthestudentsshowforindividualizedlearning

B.theincreasedlearningopportunitiesforstudents

C.increasedinstructor-studentinteractionandeaseinteachingand

learning

D.thedeterminationofboththeteachersandstudentstomakeita

success

參考答案：C

答案解析：

[C]意為：老師與學生之間交流活動的增加和教與學的輕松氣氛。根據

第二段，CPS教員將成功歸結為緊張程度（stress）的減少，因為他們（指老師）

不再處于注意力的中心，并且歸結為在更隨意的氣氛中與學生交流的機會。他們

相信，學生與他們以及學生互相之間輕松相處，因此，更容易提問和回答問題。

第14題：

Itseemsthatthemostprominentimprovementobservedintheprojectis

A.theeaseininstructiononthepartoftheteachers

B.thediversityofmaterialstobelearned

C.increasedstudentparticipationinlearning

D.bothAand

參考答案：C

答案解析：

第三段提到，與他們以前教的學生相比，CPS教員看到，學生對上課準備得更充

分一一特別表現在他們對規(guī)定課本的預習上。一個教員提到，在提供給學生的導

讀材料中的一些重要概念，被某些學生用于總結所讀材料的框架。這些都表明學

生更自覺、更積極地參加學習活動。

第15題：

Whatisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A.TheCPSProject'sInfluenceonTutors，TeachingExperiences.

7

B.AComparativeStudyofCPSandTRADTutorials.

C.TheAdvantagesofCPSoverTraditionalTeachingMethods.

D.TheRoleofModernTechnologyinClassroomTeaching.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

本文介紹了CPS教學方式，特別強調了這種教學方式對教師和學生的影響一一尤

其是前者。

Futurologistshavenotbeenverypreciseabouthow,andhowmuch,

digitalmediawillchangeourlives.Mostcommenthasfocusedonthe

expectationthatconsumerswillsoonbeabletousetheirTVorPCtoshop,

bankandordermoviesfromtheirarmchair.Commentatorsenvisagemore

dramaticchangestoeverydaylife.NicholasNegroponte,directorofMIT's

MediaLab,believesthatakeydevelopmentoverthenextfiveyearswill

betheapersonalization,,ofthecomputer,withwearabledevicessuchas

awrist-mountedTV,computerandtelephone.PeterCochrane,headof

researchatBritishTelecom,looksfurtherahead,askingustouimagine

avirtualrealityinterface,withyourvisualcortexfloodedby

informationfromspectacle-mountedorcontactlensesaugmentedby

directionalaudioinput,tactileglovesandprostheticarmsandfingers

thatwillgiveyouthesensationoftouch,resistanceandweight”.

Historically,enthusiastsfornewtechnologieshaveusually

beenoveroptimisticaboutthespeedofchange.Mostnewtechnologiestake

longertobeadoptedbythegeneralpublicthantheseenthusiastsexpect,

althoughtherehavebeenexceptions:oncetheyhadreachedcriticalmass,

VCRsandmobilephonestookofffasterthanmostexpertspredicted.

Arguably,everydaylifeintheadvancedeconomieschangedmorebetween

the1880sandthe1930sthaninthelastfiftyyearsor,possibly,the

next.Nevertheless,itisvalidtotalkaboutadigital"revolution”,

sincetheextentofchangeisdramaticbyanystandardsanddigital

technologyisitsbiggestsingledrivingforce.Eveniftheenthusiasts

overstatehowquicklythingswillchange,theymayturnouttoberight

aboutthescaleofthatchange.

Atthisstage,nooneknowshowthedigitalrevolutionwill

develop.Althoughthetechnologyitselfisnowbecomingsomewhatmore

predictable,exactlyhow,andhowfast,thingschangewilldependnotonly

ontechnicaldevelopmentsbutalsoonthepoliciesofkeycommercialand

politicalplayers,especiallyintheUS.Lesspredictableishow

enthusiasticallyconsumerswilltaketothistechnologyonaneveryday,

mass-marketscale.Leastpredictablearethesocio-culturaland

geo-politicalresponses:Willthedigitalrevolutionleadtogreater

internationalunderstandingorbitterrivalry?Willitencourage

materialismanderodereligiousbelief,orleadtoareligiousbacklash?

8

Willitmakepeoplehappier?

第16題：

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thelikelyimpactofdigitaltechnologyoneverydaylife.

B.Theimprovementsmadeintheworldofmasscommunication.

C.Theapplicationsofdigitalmediainbusinessesandourlives.

D.Theoveroptimisticfeelingspeopleholdaboutthenewtechnologies.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]參閱第2、第3、第4、第5題題解。

第17題：

WhatPeterCochranesayschieflymeansthat.

A.thefuturewillseeelectronicpeopledoingmostofworkforhuman

beings

B.dramaticchangeswilltakeplacein.oureverydaylife

C.humanswillbedeprivedofthesensationsoftouch,resistanceand

weight

D.ourmindswillbesofloodedwithinformationthatwemaybeconfused

參考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]在第一段最后一句Cochrane展望未來，要求我們想像一個虛擬的現實界面，

其中，通過裝在眼鏡上的或直接附在眼球上的隱形眼鏡，再附之以定向音頻輸入、

觸覺手套、假肢和假手指，以便給人以觸覺、阻力和應力，通過以上這些設備，

信息就會源源不斷地流入你的視網膜。這里，Cochrane所說這番話的意思是想

說明第一段第三句表達的意思，即：數字媒體將給我們的日常生活帶來的巨大變

化。

第18題：

Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat.

A.somepeopleareoverenthusiasticaboutthescaleofchangedigital

mediawillbringus

B.thespeedandscaleofchangebroughttousbythedigitalmedia

willbedramatic

C.today，schangeswillinnowaymatchthechangestakingplacebetween

the1880sandthe1930s

D.nooneissuretowhatextentdigitaltechnologywillchangethe

media

9

參考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］意為：數字媒體給我們帶來的變化速度和規(guī)模將是巨大的。第二段指出，

雖然人們有時對于變化的速度過于樂觀，但是，我們談論數字“革命”卻是有道

理的，因為，從任何標準來看，變化的規(guī)模都是巨大的，而且，數字技術是（推

動這場變化的）惟一巨大的推動力。即使說有些人夸大了變化的速度，他們對變

化規(guī)模的看法卻可能是正確的。［A］不對。注意：在這個選擇項中提到的是某些

人對變化的規(guī)模過于樂觀，而不是對速度過于樂觀。

第19題:

Intermsofthescaleofchange,theauthorconsidersthepresent

change.

A.asarevolution

B.asbeingsuperficial

C.asbeinginestimable

D.asoneoftheoldchanges

參考答案：A

答案解析：

［A］參閱第3題題解。另外，第三段第一句中也用了digitalrevolution這樣

的詞。

第20題:

Whatthepresentchangewillturnouttobewilldependon.

A.technologicalinnovationinthisdomain

B.whatsocialandculturalchangeswilltakeplace

C.whetherconsumersgreetthischangewithenoughenthusiasm

D.alloftheabove

參考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］［A］意為：這個領域內技術的創(chuàng)新。最后一段第二句提到，雖然技術本身現

在正變得更容易預測，但是，事情如何變化以及變化速度的快慢將不僅取決于技

術的發(fā)展，而且取決于特別是像美國這樣的經濟和政治強國的政策。［B］與文章

內容相符。最后一段最后一句提到了社會文化因素對變化規(guī)模和速度的影響。［C］

與文章內容相符。最后一段第三句提到了消費者對數字技術產品的熱情程度，認

為這也是制約數字技術如何影響我們的生活的重要因素。

Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas

"hard”,thesocialsciencesas"soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesas

somewhereinbetween.Thisisinterpretedtomeanthatourknowledgeof

physicalsystemsismorecertainthanourknowledgeofbiologicalsystems,

andtheseinturnaremorecertainthanourknowledgeofsocialsystems.

io

Intermsofourcapacitytosampletherelevantuniverse,however,and

theprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleast

approximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismore

reasonable.Weareabletosampletheearth，ssocialsystemswithsome

degreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniverse

beinginvestigated.Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileit

isinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriously

overturnedbynewdiscoveries.Eventhefolkknowledgeinsocialsystems

onwhichordinarylifeisbasedinearning,spending,organizing,marrying,

takingpartinsocialactivities,fightingandsoon,isnotverydissimilar

fromthemoresophisticatedimagesofthesocialsystemderivedfromthe

socialsciences,eventhoughitisbuiltupontheveryimperfectsamples

ofpersonalexperience.

Incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,oreven

ofearth，sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionary

changesasnewdatacomesinandnewtheoriesareworkedout.Ifwedefine

the“security“ofourimageofvariouspartsofthetotalsystemasthe

probabilityoftheirsufferingsignificantchanges,thenwewouldreverse

theorderofhardnessandseethesocialsciencesasthemostsecure,

thephysicalsciencesastheleastsecure,andagainthebiological

sciencesassomewhereinbetween.Ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse

istheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantastically

smallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialascomparedwiththe

richrecordsofthesocialsystems,oreventhelimitedrecordsof

biologicalsystems.Recordsoftheastronomicaluniverse,despitethefact

thatweseedistantthingsastheywerelongago,arelimitedinthe

extreme.

Eveninregardtosuchacloseneighborasthemoon,whichwe

haveactuallyvisited,theoriesaboutitsoriginandhistoryareextremely

different,contradictory,andhardtochooseamong.Ourknowledgeof

physicalevolutionisincompleteandhighlyinsecure.

第21題：

Theword“paradox”(Line1,Paragraph1)means”

A.implication

B.contradiction

C.interpretation

D.confusion

參考答案：B

答案解析：

11

［B］意為：矛盾。paradox意為：自相矛盾的事；謬論。

第22題：

Accordingtotheauthor,weshouldreverseourclassificationofthe

physicalsciencesas“hard”andthesocialsciencesas"soft"because.

A.areverseorderingwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofthephysical

sciences

B.ourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorereliablethanthat

of?socialsystems

C.ourunderstandingofthesocialsystemsisapproximatelycorrect

D.wearebetterabletoinvestigatesocialphenomenathanphysical

phenomena

參考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］意為：較之自然現象，我們能更確切地研究社會現象。第一段第三、第四、

第五句指出，就我們對相關的領域(universe)的抽樣研究能力而言，并就下列這

種可能性而言，我們對這些領域的認識至少是基本正確的，我們以為將次序倒過

來看更加合理。我們能夠懷著一定程度的信心來對社會體系進行抽樣研究，我們

可以對整個研究領域進行合理的抽樣研究，因此，我們對社會體系的認識一一雖

然在許多方面還不太精確一一不可能被新發(fā)現徹底推翻。另請參閱以下兩題的題

解。［A］意為：相反的次序將有利于推動自然科學的發(fā)展。

第23題:

Theauthorbelievesthatourknowledgeofsocialsystemsismoresecure

thanthatof

A.itisnotbasedonpersonalexperience

B.newdiscoveriesarelesslikelytooccurinsocialsciences

C.itisbasedonafairlyrepresentativequantityofdata

D.therecordsofsocialsystemsaremorereliable

參考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］意為：它基于相當具有代表性的一定量的數據。參閱第一段第三、第四句和

第二段第三句，有關這幾句話的意思見其他題題解。這兩部分都強調了作為研究

對象的抽樣的量和代表性。

第24題：

Thechancesofthephysicalsciencesbeingsubjectedtogreatchangesare

thebiggestbecause.

A.contradictorytheorieskeepemergingallthetime

B.newinformationisconstantlycomingin

C.thedirectionoftheirdevelopmentisdifficulttopredict

D.ourknowledgeofthephysicalworldisinaccurate

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參考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］意為：新信息不斷產生。第二段第一句指出，隨著新數據的產生和新理論的

誕生，我們對天文學領域或對地球的地質歷史的認識容易產生革命性的變化。［A］

意為：相互矛盾的理論不斷產生。本選擇項表達的內容過于牽強，與原文所說的

意思有出入。

第25題：

Weknowlessabouttheastronomicaluniversethanwedoaboutanysocial

systemsbecause.

A.theoriesofitsoriginandhistoryarevaried

B.ourknowledgeofitishighlyinsecure

C.onlyaverysmallsampleofithasbeenobserved

D.fewscientistsareinvolvedinthestudyofastronomy

參考答案：c

答案解析：

［C］意為：我們只觀察到其很小的一部分。第二段第三句指出，我們對天文領域

的認識是所有領域中最不可靠的，這僅僅是因為我們觀察到的是其中極小的一部

分，并且，與社會體系豐富的記錄一一甚至與生物學體系有限的記錄一一相比，

其記錄簡直微不足道(trivial)。［A］意為：有關其起源和歷史的理論多種多樣。

Afewcommonmisconceptions.Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One，sphysical

assetsandliabilitiesdon，tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer.

Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.

Overthelast30years,socialscientistshaveconductedmore

than1000studiesofhowwereacttobeautifulandnot-so—beautifulpeople.

Thevirtuallyunanimousconclusion：Looksdomatter,morethanmostof

usrealize.Thedatasuggest,forexample,thatphysicallyattractive

individualsaremorelikelytobetreatedwellbytheirpatents,sought

outas-friends,andpursuedromantically.Withthepossibleexceptionof

womenseekingmanagerialjobs,theyarealsomorelikelytobehired,

paidwell,andpromoted.

Un-American,yousay,unfairandextremelyunbelievable?Once

again,thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpietieswhileactingjust

thecontrary.Theirtypicalexperimentworkssomethinglikethis.They

giveeachmemberofagroup一collegestudents,perhaps,orteachersor

corporatepersonnelmanagersapieceofpaperrelatinganindividual's

accomplishments.Attachedtothepaperisaphotograph.Whilethepapers

allsayexactlythesamethingthepicturesaredifferent.Someshowa

strikinglyattractiveperson,someanaverage-lookingcharacter,andsome

anunusuallyunattractivehumanbeing.Groupmembersareaskedtorate

theindividualoncertainattributes,anythingfrompersonalwarmthto

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thelikelihoodthatheorshewillbepromoted.

Almostinvariably,thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,

thehigherthepersonisrated.Inthephrase,borrowedfromSappo,that

thesocialscientistsusetosumupthecommonperception,whatis

beautifulisgood.

Inbusiness,however,go