河南開封各縣市重點高中2023-2024學年高二下學期期末考試英語試題（原卷版）

絕密★啟用前2023-2024學年河南開封各縣市重點高中高二下學期期末考試英語試卷考試時間：120分鐘注意事項:1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第I卷(選擇題)一、閱讀理解：本大題共16小題，共38分。AAMidsummerNight’sDreammaybeoneofShakespeare’smostperformedplay—butitslatestversionfromtheRoyalShakespeareCompanywillbeunlikeanyseenbefore.TitledDreamthe50-minuteonlineproductioncombinesliveperformancewithmotion-capture(動作捕捉)technology,3Dgraphics,andinteractivegamingtechniquesthatletaudiencesremotelyguidetheleadingcharacterPuckthroughavirtualforest.Aslivetheaterputsomeseriouslyhigh-techfairy(小精靈)factorsintopractice,Dreampromisestobringtherarestversionoftheplaytoourscreens.In2016,thetheater’sproductionofTheTempestusedlivemotion-capturetechnologytocreatea3Ddigitalimagethatwasprojectedabovethestage.Thedifferencethistimeisthateverythingintheplay—theperformersandtheirsurroundings—willbeshownvirtually.Sevenactorswillperforminaspecially-builtstudioinPortsmouth,southernEngland,wearingmotion-capturesuits.Theywillbesurroundedbya360-degreecameraset,madeupof47cameraswitheverymovementalmostimmediatelypresenteddigitally,whichispresentedtoviewersonline.Withitsmuch-reducedcharacters,DreamisnotacompleteproductionofAMidsummerNight’sDream;rather,itisastoryinspiredbyit,focusingonPuckandthefairies.Upto2,000audiencemembersforeachperformancecanbecomepartoftheshowandwillbeinvitedtoguidePuckthroughtheforest.Onscreen,thechosenaudiencewillappearasacloudoftinyfireflies(螢火蟲).Byusingtheirmouseorfingeronthescreenofasmartdevice,theywillbeabletomovetheirfireflyacrossthescreen,andPuckwillbeattheirbeckandcalltogothroughthevirtualspace.Forviewerswatchingathome,thevirtualfairiesmovingthroughadigitalforestwilllookmorelikeavideogamethantheaverageRoyalShakespeareCompanyshow.Buttheperformancesaredeliveredliveandinrealtime.Everynight’sperformancewillbeunique.“Withoutthefireflies—theaudiences—Puckwouldn’tbegoinganywhere,”saidE.M.Williamswhoplaystherole.“Theaudiencesareverymuchthefuelandtheenergyoftheshow.”1.WhatmakesDreamdifferentfromTheTempest?A.Thenumberofactorsandactresses. B.Thesurroundingsaroundtheperformers.C.The3Ddigitalimageitchoosestoshow. D.Thewayitpresentseverythingintheplay.2.WhichaspectoftheplaydoesParagraph3focuson?A.Itsleadingcharacters. B.Thedesignofitscontent.C.Itsproductionprocess. D.Theinspirationfortheplay.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“beattheirbeckandcall”inthelastbutoneparagraphmean?A.Bewillingtoguidethem. B.Belikelytoreceiveacall.C.Bedifficulttocontrol. D.Bereadytofollowtheirorder.4.WhatdoE.M.Williams’wordsinthelastparagraphshow?A.Thecostoftheshow. B.Thepleasureoftheaudiences.C.Theimportanceoftheaudiences. D.Thetaskoftheleadingcharacter.BIthadalwaysbeenassumedthattherarityoflightninginoceanstormswasduetocleanerairoverthevastseas,butkeenobservationshaveshownthatevenhighlypollutedairisassociatedwithreducedlightningatseawhenseasprayaerosols(氣溶膠)areabundant.IntheirpaperpublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications,aninternationalteamofresearchersdescribestheirmulti-yearstudyofatmosphericconditionsovertheoceansborderingAfricaandwhatitshowedaboutsaltinseasprayaerosolsanditsimpactonlightning.TheresearchersobtainedatmosphericdataonAfricaandtheoceansarounditfortheperiod2013to2017.Thedataincludednumbersoflightningflashes,rainfall,temperaturesandcloudrepresentations.Theylookedfordifferencesinatmosphericconditionsinstormsthatoccurredoverlandversusthosethatoccurredovertheseaandfoundonemaindifference:theamountofsaltintheair.Lightningisproducedwhenupwardlymovingairincloudsformsicecrystals(冰晶)—aerosolparticlesthenbegintobumpintooneanother,creatinganelectricalcharge.Lightninghappenswhentheelectricalfieldinonepartofthecloudbecomespositivelycharged(usuallyatthetopofthecloud)andanothernegativelycharged(usuallyatthebottomofthecloud).Andcloudsform,ofcourse,whenvaporevaporates(蒸發(fā))fromthesurfaceoftheEarthandthewaterdropsbondwithaerosols.Theresearchersfoundthatthingsareslightlydifferentovertheocean.Whenwaterevaporatesfromthesea,itbearsaloadofsalt.Whenthesaltwaterbondswithaerosolstoformwaterdroplets,theytendtobebiggerandheavierthanthosethatformoverlandduetothesalt—andthatresultsinmoreofthewaterinthecloudsfallingasrainbeforeitcanriseupandformicecrystals.Theresultisfarfewerlightningdischarges.Theresearcherssuggesttheirfindingscouldbeusefulinimprovingtheaccuracyofbothclimatemodelsandmeteorologicalreports.Itcouldalsopossiblyleadsometoattempttoseedstormcloudswithsalttoreducetheirseverity.5.Whatisthecommonbeliefoflightningoveroceans?A.Lightningpollutestheremotesea. B.Pollutedairleadstolesslightningatsea.C.Cleanerairresultsinlesslightningatsea. D.Cleaneraircontributestomorelightningatsea.6.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopparagraph3?A.Bypresentingfacts. B.Bylistingsimilarities.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingcomparisons.7.Howdowaterdropletsonlanddifferfromthoseatsea?A.Theydropmuchfaster. B.Theycontainmorewater.C.Theyarebiggerandheavier. D.Theyaresmallerandlighter.8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SaltinSeaSprayWorsensStormsovertheSeaB.SaltinSeaSprayKeepsLightningStrikesAwayC.LightningStrikesAreMoreCommonoverOceansD.SeaSprayIsFoundEvaporatingFasteroverOceansCAroundsevenoutofeverytenAmericanswhoworkinofficesdotheirworkinanopenenvironment,definedasatdeskswithoutmeaningfulpartitions(隔板),accordingtoanInternationalFacilityManagementAssociationsurvey.Thatis,iftheyevenhaveadesk-workersmaybeassignedonlyafewfeetofacommunal(共用)table.Theopen-planofficespacetrend,popularizedbycreativeagenciesandtechnologystart-ups,wentmainstreambecauseofthebeliefthatopen-spaceenvironmentssupportinnovation.Morenearnessbetweenemployees,thethinkingwent,wouldcreatemoreinteractionandteamwork,promotesocialinteractionandurgeproductivity.Butinfact,purelyopen-planofficeshavebeenshowntohavetheoppositeeffects,creatingsomuchdistraction(分心)thatemployeesstayedawayfromeachother.AstudyfundedbyHarvardBusinessSehaol,theresultsofwhichwerepublishedlastyear,trackedwhathappenedwhenaBritishcompanymoveditsemployeesfromtraditionalofficespace,withofficeswithwalls,toanopenoffice.Face-to-faceinteractionbecameless——employeesspent72percentlesstimeinteractingwiththeircolleagues.Insteadoftalkingmorewitheachother,theemployeesputonheadphonesandbegancommunicatingbytextandemail.Asdigitalcommunicationchannelssurged,productivitydeclined.Neurosciencealsoholdssomecluesastowhythetightquartersincommunalworkspaces-whereworkersareonlygivenabouthalfthespacetheyweregivenadecadeago-aresohardtoworkin.“Thehumanvoicesetsoffthemostpowerfulemotionalresponseinourauditory(聽覺的)experience.Voiceabove55decibels(分貝)-roughlythesoundofaloudphonecall-causesmeasurablestress,”accordingtoaWallStreetJournalarticle,“TheNeuroscience-OptimizedOffice”.“Evenmoretroublesomeareoverheard‘halfversations’,inwhichthelisteneronlyknowsaboutonesideofadialogue;ourbrainsautomaticallyimaginetheother,”wroteauthorsJohnMedinaandRyanMullenix.Butthesolution,sayexpertsincludingNewport,isn’ttogobacktoputtingeveryoneintoofficeswithwalls.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheopenofficetrendaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itallows10peopleatmosttoworktogether.B.Itisbelievedtostimulateworkers’creativity.C.Itisonlypopularwithnewtechnologycompanies.D.Itisaimedatpromotingworkers’socialinteraction.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surged”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Suspendedtimely. B.Becameuseless.C.Costless. D.Increasedquickly.11.Whatmakesanopenofficehardtoworkin?A.Hearingendlessnoisyphonecalls.B.Showingrealemotionspublicly.C.Facingcommunicationbarriersatwork.D.Hearingpartofadialoguebetweencolleagues.12.Whatwillprobablybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Whatarebenefitsoftheopenofficeswithwalls.B.Whytheopenofficemakesworkersdistracted.C.Howtodealwiththedisadvantagesoftheopenoffice.D.Howtodrawworkers’attentiontotheircolleaguesnearby.DDoyouknowthewebsitesthatletyounameastarafteryourbelovedone,yourkidoryourdogforasmallfee?Yeah,thoseareallfake—youcouldpaymeto“name”astarfor$50,andI’lltakeyourmoneyandshowthenameonline.I’llevensendyouafancycertificate!Itseemsthatyou’venamedastar,butitjustdoesn’tcount.ActuallytheonlyorganizationthatownsofficialnamingrightsistheInternationalAstronomicalUnion,ortheIAU.Itwasfoundedin1919andbasedinParis,France.Itiswhereastronomersandotherprofessionalshavereachedtheagreementsandistheofficialrecord-keepingbodyforalldiscoveriesinspace.Recentlytheydoopenupanopportunityforthepublictonameadozenofplanetsoutsidethesolarsystem.TheseplanetswillbeamongthefirsttobestudiedwiththeJamesWebbSpaceTelescope.However,theycurrentlyonlyhaveboringandcomplicateddocumentsthatwereusedtofindthem.That’swhytheIAUislookingforsomethingmoreinteresting.Butbeforeyoustartnamingtheplanets,youshouldknowtherules.First,nothingisrudeorannoying.Second,thenameshouldbelessthan16characterslongandpronounceableinatleastonelanguagewithnocommercialorbusinessnamesandnothingisnamedafteralivingindividualorapet.Thecompetition,named“StarsWorlds”,isopennextThursday,January20th.It’sthethirdsuchcontesttheIAUhasheld,andthepurposeistogetthepublicmoreinterestedinscienceaswellastheorganization.ThecompetitionalsohelpstobreakcenturiesofEuropeandominancewhenitcomestonamingthingsinthenightsky.Sopeoplearoundtheworldcansharethejoyofdiscoveryandmaketheirmarkinhistory.13.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bytakinganexample.C.Byofferingasolution. D.Byshowingdifferences.14.WhatcanweknowabouttheIAUfromthepassage?A.ItwasfoundedbyFrance. B.Itstudiesthespacetelescope.C.Itorganizestripstothespace. D.Ithastherighttonamethestars.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whythecompetitionisheld. B.Howthecompetitiondevelops.C.Whattoexpectinthecompetition. D.Howtotakepartinthecompetition.16.Whereisthispassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Anovel. B.Atextbook. C.Adiary. D.Amagazine.二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共10分。Whiletherearenumeroustoolstohelpyoudetermineyourstrengths,trystartingwiththesequestions.Beashonest,clear,andobjectiveaspossible.Whatareyourtopthreequalitiesorstrengths?____17____.Tomakeiteasy,sendanemailto20ofyourclosestfriendsandfamilymembers.Tellthemyouneedtheirhelpinidentifyingyourthreetopqualitiesorstrengths.You’llquicklystartreceivingresponses.Startalistfromtheanswersyoureceive.____18____.Takethethreemostcommonanswersandusethemasyourguide.Whatdoyoudoeveryday?Mostpeopletendtospendtimeonthethingstheyliketodoratherthanthethingstheydon’tlike.____19____.Ifyoufindyourselfeasilymakingtimetoreadtoyourkidsbutavoidmakingdinner,thisbehaviorcouldbetellingyousomething.Peoplemovetowardthingsthey’renaturallygoodatdoing.____20____?Whatpeoplethinkyoudoandwhattheysayaboutyouaretwodifferentthings.Forexample,theymaythinkyou’recleaningalldaylongbutstillthinkyou’reaterriblehousekeeper.Soyouneedtoquestionpeopleaboutitandtellthemit’sokaytotellthetruthbecausethisisaboutyourpersonaldevelopment.Whatisonemistakeyoukeeprepeating?AlbertEinsteinisknowntohavedescribedinsanity(精神錯亂)asdoingthesamethingoverandoverbutexpectingdifferentresults.Areyoucaughtintheinsanitytrap?Forme,itwasmakingbread.ForyearsItriedtogetmydough(面團)toriseintoanicecottonyloaf.____21____.Ihadadvicefromfriends,watchedvideosonlineandtrieddifferentrecipesalltonoavail.I’veacceptedthatIcan’tmakebreadandit’sokay.A.EverytimeIcreatedahardrockB.ThefirststepistoaskforadviceC.WhatdoyouliketotalkaboutD.WhatdootherpeoplesayaboutyouE.You’llfindalotofqualitiesarerepeatedF.Thetruthiswedon’thavetobegoodateverythingG.It’softenthestrugglebetweenthetwothatcausesproblems,nottheactivities三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。It’snevereasybeingthenewkidinschool,especiallywhenyoulookalittlebitdifferentfromeveryoneelse.Asidefromtheusual___22___aboutnotknowinganyoneatHendersonHighSchoolinTennessee,15-year-oldSergioPeralt___23___thatpeoplewouldlaughathimforhis___24___.Sergio’srighthanddidn’tformfullyatbirth.“Inthefirstdaysofschool,Ihonestlyfeltlike___25___myhandinmysleeve(袖子),”Sergioadmitted.“Likenobodywouldeverfindout.”Itturnsoutthathisfellowstudentswerealotmore___26___thanheassumed.Infact,whentheschool’sengineeringteacher___27___Sergio’shand,hesuggestedthestudentsinhisclassshould___28___him.Theschoolisequippedwithonlinemodelingsoftwareanda3Dprinter,sotheteachersuggestedareal-life___29___thatwouldbenefitboththestudentsandSergio.Severalengineeringstudents___30___beganworkingonaprosthesis(假肢)fortheirnewclassmate.“‘Wecouldbuildyourprosthetichand’,they____31____meandIneverexpectedit,”saidSergio.StudentsworkedwithSergiotogettheprosthesisright,andwhenitwasfinished,it____32____allexpectations.Sergiowasnowableto____33____abaseballusinghisrighthandforthefirsttimeinhisentirelife.Beyondthepracticalityofhavinga____34____prosthesis,Sergiofeltsomethingevenmorepowerful:Hefitin.____35____beingteasedforhisdisability,hewascelebratedandassisted.“Theychangedmylife,”saidthe____36____teen.22.A.curiosity B.guilty C.nervousness D.sympathy23.A.announced B.worried C.remembered D.admitted24.A.performance B.ambition C.quality D.difference25.A.waving B.extending C.hiding D.ignoring26.A.open-minded B.nature-loving C.absent-minded D.hard-working27.A.trained B.covered C.treated D.noticed28.A.follow B.help C.challenge D.join29.A.application B.appointment C.invitation D.explanation30.A.temporarily B.hesitantly C.eagerly D.impatiently31.A.promised B.warned C.advised D.questioned32.A.setup B.livedupto C.ruledout D.fellshortof33.A.catch B.transform C.select D.replace34.A.familiar B.safe C.useful D.similar35A.Regardlessof B.Apartfrom C.Dueto D.Ratherthan36.A.brave B.grateful C.generous D.considerate第II卷(非選擇題)四、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡上。Twograduates,fromCentralChinaNormalUniversityinWuhan,HubeiProvince,usingthenamesWanwanandChaochao,____37____(upload)a17-minutevideoonlinelatelastyearabouttheirlivesoverthepastfiveyears.Inthevideo,Wanwan,____38____hastakenupadozenjobssincegraduatingfiveyearsago,saidshenowonlyhas5,000yuan.HerroommateChaochaogotamaster’sdegreeinscriptwriting(編劇)fromCommunicationUniversityofChina.But____39____consequenceofatoughjobmarket,shehadgreatdifficulty____40____(obtain)ajobinthefilmindustry.Lastyear,shestartedtolearnpaintingbutshesaidshehadtoworkpart-timeasacleaneratahotpotrestauranttosupport____41____(she).“Whenyoucanacceptyourfailure,youwillfeelthatitisnotthatbad.Whenworkingatthehotpotrestaurant,mybiggest____42____(comfortable)isthatIwon’tstarvetodeathnomatterwhatisnext,”Chaochaosaid.“Therearemanyroadsinourlives,andnomatterwhichdirectionyougo,youwill____43____(eventual)findyourownroad.”Thevideowasoneofthetrendingvideosoflastyear,gainingmorethan5.44millionviewsandmorethan26,000commentssinceit____44____(release),withmanynetizenssharingtheirownfailuresinthecommentssection.Netizenssaidtheywerewarmedbytheircouragetosharefailureswiththepublic,strongdetermination____45____(achieve)theirgoals,optimisminthefaceofhardships____46____spiritofnevergivingup.五、任務型讀寫：本大題共1小題，共25分。47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy-hisnamewasBernard-hadinterestedherverymuch.“Iwishyoucouldseehim,”shesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara.“Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon'tseewhathecando.”Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thech