2017陜西中考時態(tài)和語態(tài)

中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)資料中考專項復(fù)習(xí)——動詞時態(tài)及語態(tài)語法學(xué)習(xí)表時態(tài)意義標(biāo)志詞語構(gòu)成公式被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性的動作，存在的狀態(tài)，或客觀真理often,always,usually,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday主語+V原形（主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，V加s或es）主語+is/am/are+V過分現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作now，Look!,Listen!，atthismoment主語+am/is/are+V-ing主語+am/is/are+being+V過分現(xiàn)在完成時過去的動作對現(xiàn)在有影響或過去的動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在already,yet,since,sofar主語+have/has+V過分主語+have/has+been+V過分一般過去時過去發(fā)生的動作yesterday，lastweek,…ago,in1998,justnow主語+V過去式主語+was/were+V過分過去進行時過去時間內(nèi)正發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)atthistimeyesterday,justthen,at6:00lastSunday,when+一般過去時主語+was/were+V-ing主語+was/were+being+V過分過去完成時過去已完成的動作bytheendof+過去的時間，bythetime+一般過去時主語+had+V過分主語+had+been+V過分一般將來時將要發(fā)生的動作或?qū)淼臓顟B(tài)tomorrow,nextweek,inthefuture,intwodays,in2100主語+am/is/aregoingto+V原形，或主語+will+V原形主語+willbe+V過分過去將來時過去時間內(nèi)將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)常用于主句是一般過去時的賓語從句主語+was/were+goingto+V原形，或主語+would+V原形主語+would+be+V過分現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在“since+時間點/從句/時間點ago”或“for+時間段”主語+have/has+been+V-ing含情態(tài)動詞can/may/must等+V原形can/may/must等+be+V過分考點1一般現(xiàn)在時有哪些特殊用法？【活學(xué)活用】Threeplustwo_________（be）five.2、Theteachersaidthatlight______________（travel）fasterthansound.3、Ifyou____________（ask）hertomorrow,shewillhelpyou.考點2如何使用usedto?“過去常常”“習(xí)慣做某事”/“被用來……”【活學(xué)活用】1、Sheusedtoplayneartheriver.(改為否定句)__________________________________________________________________________Thechildrendidn’tusetocomehereearly,_____________________？(補全反意疑問句)考點3一般將來時有哪些形式？考點4現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時有什么區(qū)別？二者表示的動作都在過去發(fā)生?，F(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果，不能與表示過去的時間狀語連用；一般過去時只表示過去的事實，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系?！净顚W(xué)活用】1.—你做作業(yè)了嗎？—做了。__________________________________________________________________________2.—什么時候做的？—昨天晚上。__________________________________________________________________________考點5havebeento,havebeenin和havegoneto有何區(qū)別？havebeenin表示______________；havebeento表示______________，常與ever,never,…before,once,twice等連用；havegoneto表示______________?！净顚W(xué)活用】Tim___________________out.He’llbebackinanhour.Jim___________________thiscityfortwoyears.__________youever____________Jinan?Ithassomefamoussprings.考點6現(xiàn)在完成時的句子，謂語何時用瞬間動詞，何時用延續(xù)動詞？若表示持續(xù)性的動作，常與表示一段時間的狀語如thesedays,inthepastfewyears,duringthelastthreemonths,fortwoyears,sofar,uptonow,tillnow等連用。注意：瞬間動詞不能與持續(xù)性的完成時連用，必須改為延續(xù)動詞，記住下面的瞬間動詞與延續(xù)動詞的換用：【活學(xué)活用】1、I__________________（buy）thisbicycleforfiveyears.2、Youcan________________（borrow）itfortwodays.3、Thefilm________________（begin）forfiveminutes.4、Howlong______________you_________________（go）thisschool?5、Theoldman___________________（die）since2000.6.Theygotmarriedtwoyearsago.=It_______________________sincetheygotmarried.7、Wecametothisschoolthreeyearsago.=We__________________________thisschool__________threeyears.動詞變動詞：動詞變動詞：buy→have,borrow→keep變?yōu)椤癰e+adj./adv.”：begin→beon,close/open→beclosed/open,die→bedead,finish→beover,getup→beup,marry→bemarried,go→beoff,come→behere,return→beback,arrive→behere變?yōu)椤癰e+介詞短語”：come/go→bein/at,join→bein(或“be+成員”)，puton→wear(或bein)考點7如何將主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)？主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳涞姆椒ㄊ牵阂豢磩釉~，二換主語，三變謂語。1、主動句有雙賓語，可將其中一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，但若將直接賓語用作主語，后面要使用___________引出間接賓語。Hegavemeabookyesterday.→Iwasgivenabookyesterday./Abookwasgiventomeyesterday.2、動詞短語是一個不可分的整體，變化時不能丟掉介詞或副詞。Youshouldspeaktomepolitely.→Ishouldbespokentopolitely.(to不可少)3、帶賓語補足語的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，賓補在原位置不動。Isawamanplayingbasketballthere.→Amanwasseenplayingbasketballthere.4、在主動句中某些動詞后的不定式可省略to，但在被動句中to要補出。Ourparentsmakeusstudyhard.→Wearemadetostudyhard.【活學(xué)活用】將下面句子的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)1、Thestudentscleantheroomeveryday.2、Shegavemetwentyyuanlastweek.3、Thegirlhastakencareoftheblindmenforfiveyears.考點8哪些動詞的主動形式可以表示被動意義？1、系動詞，如look,feel,taste,smell等。Themusicsoundsbeautiful.這音樂聽起來很美。2、sell,write,drive等詞作不及物動詞，其主語為物時。Thiskindofclothessellswell.這種衣服賣得很好。3、在beworthdoingsth.中的doing。Thebasketballmatchiswellworthwatching.這場籃球賽很值得看。4、在need,want,require等表示“需要”的動詞后接V-ing形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于tobedone。Mykitewantsmending.我的風(fēng)箏需修理?！净顚W(xué)活用】Thiskindoffood_______________（smell）hot.Thelatestmodelcars________________（sell）well.Theball-pen_________________（write）smoothly.Thebookisworth______________（read）.Yourhairwants_____________（cut）.考點9被動語態(tài)有哪些習(xí)慣用法？據(jù)說……__________________________眾所周知……__________________________據(jù)報道……__________________________大家相信……__________________________專練根據(jù)漢語提示，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，完成下面的句子1、____________________________（據(jù)說）wewillhaveanEnglishexamtomorrow.2、____________________________(眾所周知)mostfamilieshaveonebikeatleast.3、____________________________(大家相信)ourgovernmentwillsolvethisproblem.隨堂練習(xí)7.I_____scaredofdogseversinceadoghurtmewhenIwasfiveyearsold.A.willbeB.wasC.havebeenD.wouldbe5.－BenandSuearen’thome,arethey?

－No.They_____toLondononbusiness.A.havegoneB.goC.havebeenD.willgo18.－Whydidthecarhittheboy?

－Becausethedriver_____onthephoneatthattime.A.talkB.istalkingC.wastalkingD.havetalked6.MissBrown,we_____cleaningourclassroom.Canwegohomenow?A.finishB.finishingC.arefinishedD.havefinished10.－Icalledyouathalfpastninethismorning,buttherewasnoanswer.

－Oh,sorry.I_____withmycousininthesupermarket.A.shoppingB.wasshoppingC.shoppedD.willshop9.－Doyouhaveanyplansfortonight?

－Yes,I_____atthenewItalianrestaurantintown.A.eatB.haveeatenC.ateD.amgoingtoeat9.PremierZhouEnlai_____formanyyears,hestilllivesintheheartsofChinesepeople.A.diedB.wasdiedC.hasbeendiedD.hasbeendead10.Marywithherparentsoften_____forawalkintheparkaftersupper.A.goB.isgoingC.aregoingD.goes11.We_____somerobotsathomeinthefuture,andthere_____someintheoffice,too.A.willhave;willhaveB.have;willbeC.willhave;willbeD.willhave;are6.－Ourclassmateswenttoaconcertyesterdayafternoon.

－Whatapity!I_____myhomework.A.haddoneB.wasdoingC.amdoingD.woulddo5.Stopsmoking,Joe!You_____yourselfifyoukeepondoingitlikethat!A.willkillB.havekilledC.killD.killed8.－HaveyouwatchedthenewmovieJurassicworld,Steven?

－Notyet.I_____itwithmycousinthisevening.A.willwatchB.waswatchingC.watchedD.havewatched9.Toomanypeoplewereabsent.Thechairpersonwarnedthathe_____themeetingifnecessary.A.wouldcancelB.cancelledC.wouldstarD.started13.Motheroftentellsme,“Ihopeyou_____whatI_____youtodoatschool!”A.won’tforget;havetoldB.don’tforget;willtellC.didn’tforget;tellD.haven’tforgotten;amtelling4.Pleasewait.She_____toyouinafewminutes.A.talkB.talkedC.havetalkedD.willtalk17.－Whenshallwebeginourmeeting?

－We’llbeginitwhenHelen_____.A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.come5.－Lily,willyougotoJenny’sbirthdaypartythisSaturday?

－I’mnotsure